The bonding of dental restorative materials to tooth structure has been the focus of dental research for many years. Resin cements are commonly used as luting cements for indirect esthetic restorations. Placing a temporary restoration after the tooth preparation is always necessary. Zinc oxide eugenol cements are the commonly used temporary materials. It is a known fact that eugenol inhibits polymerization of composite. The exposure of enamel to the temporary cement/filling material containing eugenol will not have any effect on the shear bond strength of a dual curing luting resin to enamel, if acid etching is performed. Hounsfield universal Testing Machine is used to record the shear bond strength values of composite to enamel.

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Endodontic failure can occur because of failure to locate, clean and obturate the entire root canal system. Any tooth can have variations in its shape, size, number of roots and number of root canals. Variations are rule of nature. Mandibular Canine is reported to have one canal, two canals and three canals. A case report is presented of endodontic treatment of mandibular canine with type II canal morphology, i.e,. two separate canals leaving the pulp chamber but merging short of the apex to from only one canal.

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An invitro study was undertaken to evaluate the scaling properties of GIC when used as linear and applied at different levels on the internal cavity walls in class II composite resin restorations. 45 freshly extracted human maxillary premolars were selected to evaluated for microleakage. After standardization conventional class II cavity preparation, they were randomly divided into 3 groups of 15 teeth each. After various procedures of restoration for each group, they were immersed in Basic Fuschin Dye and the extent of the dye penetration was evaluated by stereomicroscope. The statistical analysis of the results of microleakage showed that there was no significant difference in the degree of microleakage between group A and group B. But there was significant reduction in the degree of microleakage in the group of teeth in which composite resin was done after applying GIC liner on the pulpal floor, axial wall and gingival seat up to the cavosurface margin (Group C) when compared with other two.

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Although acid etching has become an indispensable part of composite restorations, inadvertent etching of tooth surfaces adjacent to the restorative area is a common clinical mishap, that can be avoided. Conventional methods of protection of teeth from overzealous acid etching such as Mylar strips and matrix bands often prove ineffective. This article explains the use of Plumber’s tape to prevent inadvertent acid etching. Teflon provides an inexpensive yet effective alternative to the conventional methods of preventing etching of non-restorative surfaces.

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There are many methods to improve esthetics like bleaching, composite restorations, veneers, crowns etc. Vital bleaching can be carried out by various methods like old Mc’innes solution, New Mc’innes solution (in Office), by using hydrogen peroxide, and home bleaching solution (in home) by using carbamide peroxide. Old Mc’innes solution which is combination of HCl and H2O2 gives excellent results on bleaching but HCl leads to loss of contour of teeth by calcium dissolution. So HCl in old Mc’innes is replaced by 20% NaOH in New Mc’innes solution. New Mc’innes solution is far superior than old Mc’innes solution in which contour of teeth are maintained. Atomic absorption photospectometry is used to find out the amount of calcium dissolved in old and new Mc’innes solution.

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Good marginal adaptation, marginal integrity or marginal seal is one of the ideal requisites of a restorative material. It has been proved that beveling enamel in occlusal and buccal surfaces of cavity preparations results in a good marginal adaptation and thereby reducing the microleakage. However, the cavo surface finish line of class II cavity preparations has gained only little attention. The aim of the present in vitro study was to compare the microleakage between the tooth and the composite restoration by giving Butt joint, external bevel and Internal bevel. 30 freshly extracted maxillary permanent premolars were selected and stored in saline. They were divided into 3 groups of 10 teeth each according to the bevels at the approximal cavosurface. The restored teeth were then immersed in 0.2% Rhodamine B dye for 24 hours and sectioned in a mesio-distal direction. The teeth were viewed under fluorescent microscope (OlymoysBX40) at 4x magnification and the leakage was evaluated.

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The microleakage of saliva and bacteria, which can lead to recurrent caries is one of the main factors which limits the longevity of dental restorations, also leading to marginal staining, post-operative sensitivity and weaken retention of amalgam to tooth structure. The concept of use of liners under amalgam restorations is not new. However, never developments in them have radically changed the indications for the use of these materials.

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