Conventionally the extensive occlusal lesion is dealt with the removal of caries as well as undermined enamel. Various studies have shown that composite has the ability to bind the tooth structure at the same time, it reinforces the walls of the cavity. In the present study 225 teeth were taken, out of which, in 75 teeth conventional class I cavity was prepared (control). In rest of the samples after preparation of conventional class I cavity dentin below the enamel was removed, thus simulating the common clinical situation in such teeth. The undermined area was reinforced with hybrid composite and the rest of the cavity was restored with three types of filling material, amalgam, amal­gam & composite and only composite. The fracture resistance was tested. The study proves the reinforcing property of composites and thus clinical feasibility of the technique in such teeth.

The endosurgical management of the mandibular molars is a challenge to the dental professional due to critical anatomical considerations and hence demands extreme expertise. The present paper discusses the anatomical con­siderations and the clinical technique for mandibular molar apicoectomies so as to make the endosurgical management of the mandibular molars, a cogni­zant and an essential procedure to proviide the highest level of dental care.

The healthy pulp has the inherent potential for healing provided the exposure site is kept bacteria free. Various materials have been tried as direct pulp capping (DPC) agents, the most accepted being the calcium hydroxide. Not much progress achieved since calcium hydroxide was introduced as direct pulp capping agent and it remained in use along with its complication. Recently resorcinol resin has successfully been tried as DPC agent. in the present study. The clinical, radiological and histological evaluation of the material clearly support the evidence that resorcinol can best be used as DPC material and it also overcomes the drawbacks of calcium hydroxide.