PAPER ABSTRACTS
Year : 2023 | Volume
: 26 | Issue : 7 | Page : 35--193
Paper Abstracts
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. Paper Abstracts.J Conserv Dent 2023;26:35-193
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. Paper Abstracts. J Conserv Dent [serial online] 2023 [cited 2023 Sep 27 ];26:35-193
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Reg. No. 1
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Management of invasive cervical resorption with Biodentine and fiber post using gutta percha for initial canal preservation: A case report
T. D. Geo
Government College of Dentistry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
Tooth resorption can be internal or external. Invasive cervical resorption [ICR] is a inflammatory external resorption, which shows clinical and two- dimensional radiographically resemblance to internal resorption. ICR can be defined as “a localized resorptive process that commences on the surface of the root below the epithelial attachment and above the coronal aspect of the supporting alveolar process, namely, the zone of the connective tissue attachment”. The present clinical case report describes the surgical management of invasive external cervical resorption with bioactive restorative material; Biodentine, along with reinforcement of weakened crown by fiber post in relation to upper right central incisor using gutta percha as a temporary material for initial canal preservation.
Reg. No. 2
Category: Systematic Review
Evaluating the effect of PRF and PRP in endodontics: A comparative analysis
Madhubala More
Government College of Dentistry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
The use of platelet rich fibrin increasing (PRF) and platelet rich plasma (PRP) in contemporary endodontics enormously. The clinical application of PRF and PRP ranges from management of internal inflammatory root resorption, periapical abscess to regenerative endodontics. PRP is blood plasma which contains various growth factors that supports healing and regeneration process of body. PRF is a fibrin matrix in which platelet cytokines, growth factors, and cells are trapped and may be released after a certain time and that can serve as a resorbable membrane. PRP is blood spun in a centrifuge at high speed, completely separating the plasma layer and PRF is blood spun at a lower speed so that some of the white blood cells, stem cells, and fibrin remain in the platelet layer. There are multiple studies on the use of PRP and PRF in endodontics but the comparative studies on the effect of PRP vs PRF is limited. This review paper narrating the comparative evaluation of use and effect of PRP and PRF in endodontics.
Reg. No. 4
Category: Original Research
Forensic identification of endodontically treated teeth after heat-induced alterations: An in vitro study
Bhavika Bhavsar, Anju S. Hussain
RKDF Dental College and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
Introduction: Forensic identification, by comparing recorded dental features and treatment against those of a postmortem dentition, is one of its core tasks and is considered essential from both humanitarian and judicial reasons. Aims: The present study aimed to highlight the relationship between forensic science and endodontics by illustrating CBCT records and observing the stereo-microscopic changes at elevated temperature on the endodontically treated teeth. Materials and Methods: 60 intact human permanent maxillary and mandibular premolars extracted teeth will be selected 2O teeth will be taken as control and remaining will be subjected to root canal treatment. Group I (n= 20), Control group, Group II (n=20). Post RCF with silver amalgam. Group III (n=20). Post RCF with composite resin. In turn, teeth of all these groups will be divided into 6 subgroups according to the temperature to be exposed (600°C, 1000°C). Group IA, IIA & IIIA: 600°C for 15 minutes. Group IB, IIB &IIIB: 1000°C for 15 minutes. The pre-incineration CBCT images of all the samples will be taken as an ante-mortem record. All the specimens will be then placed under a stereomicroscope to evaluate the morphological changes. The post-incineration CBCT images will be taken for all the samples as the post-mortem records. Both ante-mortem and post-mortem records are compared morphologically and radiologically for forensic purposes. Results: Study is undergoing. Conclusion: Study will be completed before presentation.
Reg. No. 5
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Cosmetics – The marvel of dentistry
Gargi Das
Awadh Dental College, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India
The demand for esthetically pleasing restorations in clinical dentistry is ever growing. There are a variety of procedures and material options to choose from. This choice is based upon the wants and desires of the patient. It is very challenging for the dentist to satisfy the needs while at the same time keeping within the budget of the patient. Veneers are well suited for esthetic and conservative improvement of anterior and posterior teeth. Laboratory fabricated porcelain or composite resin veneers present optimal esthetics and durability. The advantages of direct composite veneers include that they are the more conservative option, are noninvasive, give immediate results, involve no lab expense, and are more predictable because they are done chairside. They are less expensive for the patient than porcelain veneers. But Porcelain veneers can last longer, up to eight to fifteen years, with proper oral hygiene. They have a significant resistance to stains. They are made from solid materials, so they are durable and also low chance of breakage or chipping of teeth. Here I will present clinical cases where patients who could not afford extensive dental restorative or orthodontic treatment were treated with direct composite resin veneering and indirect ceramic veneering to correct misaligned and discoloured teeth as well as midline diastema. The results obtained were both esthetically and functionally acceptable and allowed for those patients to have a confident smile.
Reg. No. 6
Category: Original Research
Dentinal cracks formation after root canal preparation withtwo rotary file systems using a stereomicroscope and SEM
Pranjely Sharma
Peoples Dental Academy, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
Aim: This study is aimed to analyze and compare the formation of dentinal cracks after root canal preparation with two rotary file systems using a stereomicroscope and SEM. Materials and Methods: Sixty extracted human mandibular premolars were selected and divided into two experimental groups and a control group of 20 each. The root canals were prepared in the experimental groups. Group I: Waldent wal flex file, Group II: Trunatomy file. No preparation was done in the control group (Group 3). The roots were sectioned at 3, 6, and 9 mm from the apex, and the surfaces were examined under a stereomicroscope and SEM. The data were analyzed using the Chi-square test. Results: There were no cracks in the control group. Waldent wal flex showed maximum cracks at 3 mm and 6 mm level. There was no statistically significant difference among experimental groups at 6 mm and 9 mm levels (P > 0.05). Conclusion: All the rotary files that were tested produced dentinal cracks. Waldent wal flex files group was associated with more number of cracks than Trunatomy files group. The apical section of samples showed significantly higher defects compared to the middle and coronal sections.
Reg. No. 7
Category: Original Research
Comparative assessment of fracture resistance of GC everstick post with composite core build up and prefabricated resin composite post and core single unit in immediate and delayed post space prepared teeth
Shubham Tripathi
Sri Aurobindo College of Dentistry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
Aim: This in-vitro study was designed to compare and evaluate the incidence of dentinal defects after root canal preparation with different gold-plated files. Materials and Methods: A total number of 30 samples with single canals were collected for this study. These sample were divided into 2 experimental groups and 1 control group, each group consist of 10 number of samples, and were instrumented accordingly. Group 1: Teeth left unprepared to serve as control. Group 2: Root canal preparation was done with E-flex (Eighteeth, china) endodontic Ni-Ti rotary file in brushing motion in the root canal. Group 3: Root canal preparation was done using protaper gold (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland). The file was positioned at the canal orifice and inserted to the desired working length with short in and out movement using light pressure. All the group were examined at three level (3 mm, 6 mm, 9 mm) for evaluation of dental cracks using stereomicroscope 20X (Lawrence and mayo, lynx). Data analysis was performed using Chi square test and Friedman ANOVA test. Results: Significant difference was seen between the control group, ProTaper gold, and E-flex group at all the sectioned levels. ProTaper gold caused the maximum dentinal defect while E-flex created the least damage. Conclusion: Maximum dentinal defects were seen at coronal sections. E-flex showed the least microcrack formation among groups.
Reg. No. 8
Category: Original Research
Assessment of the degree of discoloration in coronal aspect of maxillary incisors induced by bioceramic sealers in presence of blood by spectrophotometry
Swati Jain
Sri Aurobindo College of Dentistry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate degree of color change induced by different tricalcium silicate cements in maxillary incisors in the presence of blood. Materials and Methods: Total number of 54 samples of maxillary central incisors was collected for study. Samples were randomly divided into 6 experimental groups, each group contain 9 numbers, a standardized length of 10 mm obtained from the CEJ. Access cavity was prepared and all canals were instrumented. Blood was injected directly into the canal to fill up to approximately 4 mm below the CEJ. 2 mm collagen plug matrix placed over the clot. Group 1 Neo MTA plus + clot, Group 2 Neo MTA plus in empty canal, Group 3 Dia root biosealer + clot, Group 4 Dia root biosealer in empty canal, Group 5 Negative control, Group 6 Positive control. Shimadzu Corp Spectrophotometer used to detect color change at day 0, first month, and sixth months. The spectral curves were transformed into L*, a*& b* of the color space. Data analysis was performed using ANOVA and post hoc Tukey's test. Results: Materials tested after 24 hours, Neo MTA Plus showed significantly less color change than Diaroot biosealer. After first month and sixth month Neo MTA plus and showed significantly increased ?E* than Diaroot biosealer. Conclusion: Neo MTA plus results was found superior after first and sixth month.
Reg. No. 9
Category: Original Research
An in vitro comparative evaluation of canal transportation and canal centering ability of newer niti rotary file systems using cone-beam computed tomography
Simar Kaur Manocha
Index Institute of Dental Sciences, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
Context: Preservation of the original anatomy of the root canal is an essential prerequisite during mechanical root canal preparation, as deviation from the original canal curvature can lead to excessive and inappropriate dentin removal and straightening of the canal which may weaken the tooth thus resulting in fracture of the root. Adequate literature is not available evaluating the canal transportation and canal centering ability of some recently introduced file systems- Jizai (MANI), TruNatomy (Dentsply Sirona), GenENDO (Coltene Whaledent). Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the canal transportation and canal centering ability of three recently introduced rotary single file systems (Jizai, TruNatomy, GenENDO) in oval canals using Cone-beam Computed Tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: 66 extracted fully formed single-rooted mandibular premolars will be selected with a buccolingual canal size 2 to 2.5 times the mesio-distal size at 5 mm from the apex and angle of curvature ranging from a 0°- 10°. The teeth will be divided into 3 groups (n=22) and prepared with Jizai, TruNatomy, GenENDO rotary file systems based on the manufacturers' instructions. CBCT images will be taken in the same position before and after instrumentation. The centering ability and canal transportation will be calculated at 2, 3, and 4 mm from the apex in both mesiodistal and buccolingual directions. Statistical Analysis: The results will be analysed using SPSS software 12.0. Analysis of variance and Post hoc analysis will be used to determine the statistical significance. Results and Conclusion: Awaited.
Reg. No. 11
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of 2% peracetic acid and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite for rapid disinfection of gutta percha and bioceramic cone exposed to Enterococcus faecalis
Ankita Soni
Sri Aurobindo College of Dentistry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess effectiveness of 2% Peracetic acid in rapid disinfection of Gutta Percha and Bioceramic cones compared to Sodium hypochlorite. Materials and Methods: The gutta percha & Bioceramic cones were immersed in E.faecalis suspension for contamination for 5 minutes. They were divided into groups for disinfection protocol. (1) Group I: Gutta Percha cones were immersed in 5.25% sodium hypochlorite 5 minutes. (2) Group II: Bioceramic cones were immersed in 5.25% sodium hypochlorite for 5 minutes. (3) Group III: Gutta Percha cones were immersed in 2% Peracetic acid for 5 minutes. (4) Group IV: Bioceramic cones were immersed in 2% Peracetic acid for 5 minutes. (5). Group V: Gutta percha cones were immersed in 2% Normal saline (control) for 5 minutes. (6). Group VI: Bioceramic cones were immersed in 2% Normal saline (control) for 5 minutes. Then cones were immersed in culture media, incubated and effectiveness of disinfection is checked via turbidity test and colony count. Statistical analysis was performed using Anova test and Post Hoc tukeys test. Results: The results showed that 2 % peracetic acid is as effective in rapid disinfection of gutta percha and Bioceramic cones. Conclusion: From the results achieved, it is concluded that 2% peracetic acid showed better results as compared to 5.25% sodium hypochlorite in decontaminating both gutta percha & Bioceramic cones. However no significant difference exist between the two.
Reg. No. 13
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of interfacial adaptation and penetration depth of three different endodontic sealers used in conjunction with different obturation techniques: An in vitro SEM study
Saloni Rathi
Modern Dental College and Research Centre, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
Context: Root canal sealer, which is an integral part of canal obturation system serves to obliterate the irregularities and accessory canals and also enhances the interface between the canal wall and core material. In recent times, sealers have been introduced with improved properties, progressing from zinc oxide eugenol sealers to the recent bioceramic and bioactive glass based sealers. Calcium silicate based bioceramic sealers, present excellent bioactivity, promoting osteoinduction and angiogenesis and the next generation bioactive glass sealers, in addition, offer easy retrivability and effective regeneration of periapical tissues. Aim: To investigate the interfacial adaptation and penetration depth of a biceramic Ah plus (dentsply), a bioactive glass Nishika -bg (nippon shikha yakuhin, yamaguchi) and a resin based Ah plus (dentsply sealer used in conjunction with single cone and continuous wave obturation techniques. Materials and Methods: 44 single rooted extracted teeth will be instrumented upto size F4 protaper universal rotary file and will be obturated using Ah plus, Ceraseal, Nishika -bg sealers in conjunction with gutta percha using single cone and continuous wave obturation techniques. Thereafter, the root samples will be sectioned longitudinally and observed under scanning electron microscope to evaluate the sealer penetration depth into dentinal tubules at apical, middle and coronal regions. Statistical Analysis: Data will be statistically analyzed using kolmogorov- smirnov test, shapiro-wilks test and anova/ kruskal wallis test. Results and Conclusion: Awaited.
Reg. No. 14
Category: Original Research
Evaluation of cross sectional microhardness of sound and artificially demineralized bovine enamel subjected to different treatment modalities and additional Ph cycling: An in vitro study
Mrinali Chaddha
Index Institute of Dental Sciences, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
Context: White spot lesions are the earliest clinical manifestations of dental caries. Modern approach towards caries management advocates prevention of hard tissue loss by initiating prompt treatment of these lesions using different reminaralizing agents to inhibit them from converting into frank cavities. There is insufficient information about the effect of remineralizing agents on the mechanical properties of early enamel lesions and resistance of treated lesions to further demineralization. Aim: To analyze the effect of resin infiltration and remineralizing agents on artificially created enamel caries -like lesions using cross sectional microhardness as the response variable and evaluation of resistance of treated enamel to further acid challenge. Materials: Icon® resin infilterant+ 50% hydrochloric acid. Icon® resin infilterant+37% phosphoric acid. CPP-ACP casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate with 5% Sodium, (GC-MI Varnish). Sodium Fluoride Varnish, 0.1% F (Ivoclar FluorProtector). Demineralizing solution {Ca(NO3)2.2H2O, Na2HPO4, acetate buffer, Fluoride}. Remineralizing solution {Ca(NO3)2.2H2O, Na2HPO4, KCl, Tris buffer, NaF}. Methods: Artificial lesions will be created in bovine enamel using demineralization/ remineralization cycling followed by allocation into two groups which will be subdivided into 4 subgroups based on the treatment agent used. Each specimen will be divided into 4 segments (sound, sound+treated, demineralized+treated, demineralized).Group 2 samples will be further subjected to new acid challenge. Cross-sectional microhardness will be evaluated in all the segments. Statistical Analysis: Data will be statistically analyzed using ANOVA/Kruskal Wallis test and post hoc analysis (p = 0.05). Results: Awaited. Conclusion: Awaited.
Reg. No. 15
Category: Original Research
Evaluation of repair bond strength of aged giomer based composite resin repaired using various repair protocols
Sagnik Bhattacharya
Gurunanak Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Aim: To evaluate the long-term effect of different surface treatments combined with adhesive bonding on Giomer based composite and thereby determine the highest bond strength of the composite resin repair. Materials and Methods: A total of 90 composite resin discs were prepared and aged in 37°C distilled water for 1 month and then kept for 24 hours in room temperature. The samples were separated into three groups. Group A- Surface was cleaned with pumice slurry. Group B - Surface abraded with diamond bur and Group C Surface abraded with diamond bur followed by silane application. Thereafter application of 7th generation bonding agent and a second Giomer composite disc of smaller diameter was placed and cured. All the samples were subjected to shear bond strength testing. Statistical Analysis: The shear bond strength will be analyzed for normal distribution using the Kolmogorov Smirnov test. Two-way ANOVA will be performed on the shear bond strengths. Duncan's test will be performed to detect statistical differences between the variables and compare the groups. Results: The result of the study is yet to be determined.
Reg. No. 21
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of antimicrobial effect of tulsi, aloevera, turmeric and chlorhexidine against Streptococcus mutans – An in vitro microbiological study
Santoshi Dighole
Government Dental College and Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Dental caries is a highly prevalent, multifactorial disease of hard tissues of teeth resulting from the complex interplay of anatomical, microbial, genetic, immunological, behavioural and environmental risk factors. In Oro-microbial community, streptococcus mutans and lactobacilli have been considered as major causative pathogens. Various oral hygiene methods are used to reduce this causative microorganism. The most common method for oral prophylaxis is brushing the teeth with dentifrices and use of mouth rinse. These available products are effective but they contain some synthetic products which have their inherent drawback such as discoloration of teeth, altered taste sensation, burning sensation in oral cavity etc. Today's era is moving toward herbal alternative as they have minimal side effect. Herbal extracts have been successfully used in dentistry as tooth cleansing and antimicrobial plaque agents. Recently, efforts have been made to improve the efficacy of the conventional mechanical tooth-cleaning procedures, dentifrices by incorporating the herbal extracts in oral prophylactic agents which are getting popular nowadays. So far, studies have been done on antimicrobial effect of various herbal extract such as tulsi aloe vera, turmeric but, there is limited literature available that has compared the antimicrobial efficiency of these herbal extract .So this study has been planned to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of tulsi, aloe vera and turmeric.
Reg. No. 22
Category: Original Research
Non carious cervical lesions and risk factors in subpopulation of West Bengal: A case-control study
Shamik Datta
Guru Nanak Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Khardaha, West Bengal, India
Non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) are defects of the hard tissue at the cervical region of teeth that are not caries. NCCLs appear in various shapes and have been found in living subjects. Number of factors are responsible for the formation of NCCL. These factors are wear by mechanical trauma, chemical degradation, faulty brushing technique, microstructural loss by occlusal loading forces. NCCLs might be multifactorial and in addition to these three mechanisms, modifying additional factors might facilitate the formation of NCCLs. the prevalence is not precise due to the variations in sample selection, non-homogeneity in the age of the participants, higher exposure to some risk factors, geographic, social and cultural factors. There are several studies regarding the influence of different risk factors on the presence of NCCLs.The objectives of this retrospective case control study is (a) to evaluate through a univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis whether any occlusal factors, toothbrushing factors and consumption of acidic foods and beverages are significantly associated with NCCLs; (b) to show the intensity of any such association; and (c) to formulate a predictive model for subpopulation of West Bengal. Approximately 125 diseased (NCCL) and 125 controlled subjects are selected for this study.
Reg. No. 24
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of microhardness and surface roughness of root dentin irrigated with three different final irrigants: An in-vitro study
Sabyasachi Chakraborty, Saquib Razi
Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, Bhubaneshwar, Odisha, India
The mechanical properties of dentinal tissue with respect to microhardness as well as the surface profile get affected through the application of various irrigating agents during removal of the smear layer. The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the microhardness and the surface roughness of root dentin when irrigated with 17% EDTA, Phytic acid and Chloroquick. Thirty two freshly extracted single rooted premolar teeth were collected. Access cavities were prepared in each tooth. Teeth samples were then decoronated and the root length were standardized to 13 ± 1 mm. The samples were divided into four different groups, according to irrigating agents: group I (control group) – without irrigating agents; group II – 2 ml 3% NaOCl + 17% EDTA; group III – 2 ml 3% NaOCl + 1% Phytic acid; group IV – 1.5 ml Chloroquick. Irrigations were carried out once. The samples were longitudinally divided into two halves using diamond disc. The two half of each root sections were mounted on cold cure acrylic resin. Microhardness values were measured with Vickers microhardness tester for one half of each sample. The other halves of the sample were tested for surface roughness with the help of surface profilometer. The values were recorded and analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test.
Reg. No. 25
Category: Original Research
A comparative evaluation of three different material as intra-orifice barriers on fracture resistance of endodontically treated root – An in-vitro study
Shanu Khan, Nandita Das
Chhattisgarh Dental College and Research Institute, Sundra, Chhattisgarh, India
Context: Endodontically treated teeth are more prone to fracture than vital teeth. So focus should be on the reinforcement of both remaining coronal and radicular tooth structure. Intraorifice barriers with restorative materials that could bond to radicular dentin could be used for additionally reinforcing the pericervical dentin as well as preventing coronal microleakage. Aim: Aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth using three intra-orifice barriers. Materials and Methods: 32 extracted single-rooted human mandibular premolars will be selected, decoronated to adjust working length at 14 mm and prepared with rotary proTaper system and obturated with gutta-percha and AH Plus sealer. Samples will be divided into four groups (n = 8) on the basis of intra-orifice barrier material used. Group 1: Conventional glass ionomer cement (GIC), Group 2: Fibre-reinforced flowable composite (everX Flow (GC India Dental Pvt Ltd)), Group 3: Bulkfill Flowable Composite (Tetric N Flow Bulk Fill Flowable Composite), Group 4: No barrier (control). Except for control specimens, coronal 3-mm gutta-percha will be removed with heated plugger and filled with different intra-orifice barrier materials in respective groups. Fracture resistance of specimens will be tested using universal testing machine. Statistical Analysis: Will be performed using the one way ANOVA and Tukey Post Hoc tests. Results and Conclusion: Will be concluded after statistical analysis.
Reg. No. 26
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of fracture resistance of two different injectable composites in Class I cavity: An in vitro study
Hemal Bajaj, Kapse Nikita Chandrakant
Chhattisgarh Dental College and Research Institute, Sundra, Chhattisgarh, India
Background: Composites are effective materials for restoring damaged or decayed teeth with the advantage of good esthetics, high surface gloss, and clinically acceptable wear resistance. With the introduction of injectable composite the choice of materials for the restoration of posterior teeth has expanded. These new high-strength injectable composites have ideal viscosity that adapts more easily than traditional composites in the desired shape, efficient delivery to restoration site thus reducing instrumentation and working time. Aim: The purpose of this study is to compare and evaluate the fracture resistance of two different injectable composites with a packable composite in a class I occlusal cavity. Materials and Methods: Class I cavities in 30 non-carious human maxillary premolars will be prepared and the teeth will be randomly divided into four experimental groups of 10 teeth each. Group I: Samples were restored with Shofu Beautiful Injectable, Group II: Samples were restored with G-ænial™ Universal Injectable, GC, Group III: Samples were restored with Universal resin composite (Tetric N-Ceram, Ivoclar); Fracture resistance will be recorded for all samples using a universal testing machine. Statistical Analysis: Statistical analysis will be performed using the ANOVA and Tukey Post Hoc tests. Results and Conclusions: Will be concluded after statistical analysis.
Reg. No. 27
Category: Original Research
Antibacterial efficacy of Garlic extract when used as a root canal irrigant
Debkanya Chowdhury
Guru Nanak Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Khardaha, West Bengal, India
Background: One of the most important objectives of root canal treatment is the elimination of microorganisms from the root canal system. Persistent endodontic infections are mainly due to retention of microorganism in the dentinal tubules. Enterococcus faecalis is the primary organism detected in persistent asymptomatic infections. Aim: To evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of herbal extract, Garlic (Allium sativum) as endodontic irrigants against Enterococcus faecalis. Materials and Methods: Single rooted human mandibular premolars extracted for orthodontic reasons were selected for the study. Teeth were decoronated to standardize the length to 12-15 mm. Cleaning and shaping of root canals was done by crown down technique using protaper universal rotary files till F3. Enumeration of live bacteria (CFU) was carried by serial dilution method. For injecting into the tooth a suspension of bacteria containing 10μ CFU per ml was used. The root canals were inoculated with E. faecalis suspension and incubated at 37° c for 21 days. The specimens were divided into three groups. Test irrigating solutions were used as follows. Group 1 - Normal Saline, Group 2 - 5.25% NaOCl, Group 3 – Garlic. Three serial dilution was carried out. From this 1 ml was pipetted on to a sterile 100 mm diameter disc & to these plates 15 ml of melted agar medium was added and allowed to solidify. Plates were incubated for 24 hours at 37° C. After incubation the number of colonies was counted.
Reg. No. 28
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Enhanced esthetics with innovative approach – Case report
S. Priyadharsini
Government Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Freehand sculpting of anterior tooth anatomy using direct composite is challenging for an aesthetic outcome. Bioclear matrix system can be effectively used to reproduce proximal physiological and anatomical contours and create near natural esthetics.Icon resin infiltration improves esthetics by diminishing the white spot lesions and also it remineralizes the tooth. Case Report: A 20 year old female complaints of spacing between 11 and 21.After thorough clinical examination additional clinical features like maxillary high frenal attachment, peg lateral (12), dental fluorosis from 15 to 25 and white spotlesions in 33 to 43 region were noted.Esthetic outcome is designed using DSD software (DTS pro).After frenectomy and tissue healing, 2 visits of vital teethbleaching is done from 15 to 25 and under rubberdam isolation, and proper shade selection the midline distemma closure between 11 & 21 and peg laterals (12) is corrected with proper physiologic and anatomical contour using bioclear matrixsystem with high strength anterior composite (ivoclor tetric N- flow), direct composite veneering (ivoclar Te econom plus)done in 14, 15, 24, 25, lower anterior white spotlesions were corrected with Icon resin infiltration (DMG icon) and overall enhanced esthetics is achieved. Conclusion: The findings in this report imply that the use of a minimally invasive esthetic technique involving bleaching, direct composite restoration, and resin infiltration is safe and effective for the esthetic treatment.
Reg. No. 29
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of the accuracy of locating the minor constriction in single rooted teeth with single canal using radiovisiography, cone beam computed tomography, electronic apex locator and tactile sensation – An in vitro study
Prantika Mandal
North Bengal Dental College and Hospital, Thiknikata, West Bengal, India
Introduction: The root end is a complex anatomical structure with distinct landmarks aiding in finding the appropriate working limit. Apical 3 mm of root canal is considered as significant zone. Exact location of cement-dentinal junction being immeasurable, minor constriction is appropriate and reliable location as the terminus of root canal procedures. Kuttler recommended the termination of all endodontic procedures at 0.5 mm from the apical foramen, because it is considered as nearest to the apical constriction. Aim: Evaluation of accuracy of locating minor constriction in single rooted teeth using Radiovisiography, CBCT, electronic apex locator and tactile sensation. Methodology: 45 freshly extracted human single rooted teeth with mature apex were selected for study. Sample size of 45 was estimated with an alpha error of 0.05, power of 95%, and effect size of 0.45 using G Power Version 3.1.9.2 (Universität Kiel, Kiel, Germany) software. Teeth were disinfected with 5.25% sodium hypochlorite solution followed by storage in 10% formalin solution till sample preparation. Specimens were decoronated at cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) using diamond disc for standardization and access to root canal obtaining a wide occlusal landmark. All teeth were subjected to all methods for accuracy of location of minor constriction. Results: Among all 4 methods, CBCT showed highest accuracy and reliability for locating minor constriction.
Reg. No. 30
Category: Original Research
Microleakage evaluation of different restorative materials in Class V cavity: An in vitro study
Riya Jain
Chhattisgarh Dental College and Research Institute, Sundra, Chhattisgarh, India
Background: Ideal esthetic material for restoring teeth has been searched for a very long time and has resulted in significant improvement in both esthetic material and technique. Developmental improvements in resin composite have undergone in terms of several characteristics like esthetics, wear rate, and handling. Polymerization shrinkage however remains a major drawback of composite restorations. Microleakage, postoperative sensitivity and recurrent dental caries may be resulted from the marginal breakdown. The new high strength injectable composites introduced, have better flow and adaptability and are indicated for class V restorations.Aim: To evaluate and compare the microleakage in Class V cavity restored with two injectable composites with Filtek Bulk Fill Flowable Restorative using dye penetration method under Stereomicroscope. Materials and Methods: Class V cavities in 30 non carious human premolars will be prepared and the samples will randomly be divided into 3 groups (n==10). Group 1 – Restored with Filtek Bulkfill flowable composite, Group 2 – Restored with G-aenial Injectable composite, Group 3 – Restored with Shofu Beautiful Injectable composite. Microleakage of enamel and dentin interface will be tested under the stereomicroscope. Statistical Analysis: Statistical analysis will be performed using the ANOVA and Tukey Post Hoc tests. Results and Conclusions: Will be concluded after statistical analysis.
Reg. No. 31
Category: Original Research
Patient's awareness and knowledge of the root canal treatment and its perception after primary endodontic treatment – A survey
Sushil Kumar Pandey
Hitkarni Dental College, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
Background: Root Canal Treatment (RCT) is a procedure in which the damaged and diseased dental pulp is removed and replaced with a sterile and antibacterial material. It removes a focus of infection, allowing an individual to retain teeth improving overall function and aesthetics. Awareness is defined as knowledge of something that exists or understanding of a situation or subject at the present time based on information or experience. The contemporary endodontics involves the introduction of many new instruments, materials, and techniques. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge and awareness of patients in our population regarding root canal treatment, and assess their concerns, expectations and choices. before and after primary endodontic treatment. Materials and Methods: Questionnaire surveys were conducted in a group of 200 patients in the Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Hitkarini Dental College and Hospital Jabalpur, (M.P.) The inclusion criterion for the study was, patients over the age of eighteen years and those undergoing primary endodontic treatment and who agreed to participate in the survey. Statistical Analysis: The analysis of data will be performed using methods of descriptive statistics like mean and percentages. Results: The study is in progress. Conclusion: The study is in progress.
Reg. No. 33
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
180 degree rotation of complicated crown root fractured tooth – Case reports
K. Naveen Kumar Bharathi, M. Nithyanandam
Government Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
The management of complicated crown-root fracture is challenging as the fracture line is below the bone crest and the pulp is exposed. Treatment options include crown lengthening, orthodontic extrusion, and intentional replantation. Case 1: A 17 year old male reported with history of trauma in upper front tooth region 2 days before. clinical examination revealed, Ellis class VI complicated crown root fracture in 11 involving enamel, dentin, pulp and cementum. Treatment plan included root canal treatment of 11 followed by 180 degree rotation and semirigid splinting upto 4 Week. After 1 month, gingivectomy was done followed by post space preparation, then fiber post luted and composite core buildup done. Finally tooth preparation done in 11 and all ceramic crown luted using resin cement. Case 2: A 21 year old male reported with history of trauma in upper front tooth region 1 Month before. clinical examination revealed, Ellis class VI complicated crown root fracture in 11 involving enamel, dentin, pulp and cementum with granulation tissue formation. Treatment plan included root canal treatment of 11 followed by 180 degree rotation and semirigid splinting upto 4 weeks. After 1 month, post space preparation was done and Glassfiber post luted, then composite core buildup done. Finally tooth preparation done in 11 and all ceramic crown luted using resin cement. Intentional replantation with 180° rotation is a valuable treatment for crown root fractures. This helps to maintain natural dentition and interdental papilla.
Reg. No. 34
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
3D printed guide as a saviour in endodontics – Case reports
B. Shanmathy
Government Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
The combined CBCT and 3-d printing have found its endodontic application in pre-surgical planning models, endodontic access guides and localization of osteotomy preparation site. This paper reports two cases where this combined technology has been used. Case 1: A 36-year-old female reported with chief complaint of pain in upper front tooth region. Pt gave history of trauma 20 years back. On examination tender on percussion was seen in 21 with slight discoloration. Cone beam computed tomography showed existing access directly buccally and palatally positioned in apical 6 mm. Root canal treatment was planned through transparent SLA printed three dimensional sleeve for insertion of bur. Access was opened through the guide, canal negotiated and treatment completed. Case 2: A 49-year-old male reported with chief complain of pain in lower right back tooth region for past 6 months. On clinical examination tenderness on percussion seen in 46, 47 with periapical abscess in relation to 47. Radiographic examination revealed periapical radiolucency and resorption involving entire mesial root of 46 and periapical rarefaction in 47. Root canal treatment was initiated for 46, and distal root obturated. Hemisection was planned for mesial root of 46 with help of 3D printed surgical template which allowed precise angulation of the bur and minimized the excess removal of tooth structure. In 47 root canal treatment was carried out in two visit with calcium hydroxide as interappointment dressing. Thus, the combined use of CBCT and 3D printing enables visualization of complex root canal anatomies and minimizes excessive removal of retained tooth structure.
Reg. No. 42
Category: Original Research
To compare the accuracy of four electronic apex locators in detecting the apical constriction using histological sections as the gold standard
Ahana Chakraborty
Haldia Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Haldia, West Bengal, India
Background: Minor constriction which is the narrowest diameter is considered to be the appropriate apical limit of endodontic treatment. Apex locators provide greater precision, fewer procedural errors, less discomfort to the patient during measurement of working length. Aim: To compare the accuracy of four electronic apex locators in detecting the apical constriction using histological sections as the gold standard. Materials and Methods: 80 extracted single-rooted permanent teeth were selected and coronally flattened for stable reference point. Access cavity was prepared and canal patency was checked. Samples were embedded in alginate upto cemento-enamel junction. Working length was determined with the apex locators. A 15 K file adjusted to that reading was placed in the root canal and stabilized with flowable composite. Apical 4 mm of root was shaved and the position of the file in relation to the minor constriction was recorded for each tooth under stereomicroscope at 40X magnification. Statistical Analysis: Chi-square test was carried out to test the difference in accuracy at various levels from the minor foramen. Kruskal Wallis Test was carried out to compare the differences between the study groups for the distance from the tip of the file relative to the minor foramen (P<0.05). Results: Measurements of mean working lengths within ±0.5 mm of minor diameter were 85% acceptable for Canal Pro followed by Root ZX Mini (80%) and Propex Pixi (80%) and the least by Woodpecker DTE (65%).Conclusion: Accuracy of these instruments for detecting the minor diameter is acceptable for clinical practice.
Reg. No. 44
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of antibacterial efficacy of three bioceramic based retrograde filling materials with and without silver nano particles
Srinjal Suman
Saraswati Dental College, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Background: Root end filling technique with surgical intervention is mandatory during endodontic failures. So, search for ideal restorative materials goes on. It has been researched that silver nano particle is a good antimicrobial agent but, reports about using of silver nano particles with bioceramic restorative material and comparison of its antibacterial effects are scarce, which is intended in the study against E. fecalis. Aim: To check the effects of silver nanoparticles on antibacterial activity of 3 novel bioceramic root end filling materials. Materials and Methods: An in-vitro study was conducted using three bioceramic based cements; Pro root MTA (dentsply) Biodentine (septodont) and Bio C Repair (angelus) with and without silver nano particles (nano carbon technologies 30-50 nm) against E. Fecalis. The sample groups were 1) Plain Pro root MTA 2) Plain Biodentin 3) Plain Bio C Repair 4) Pro root MTA + Ag Nano particles 5) Biodentin + Ag nano particles 6) Bio C Repair + Ag nano particles. The test method involved was Agar Disc diffusion. Muller Hilton Agar (MHA) media used. Media inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis by spread plate technique. The samples were incubated at 34°C for 24 hrs. After incubation, plates were observed for Clear zone called as zone of inhibition, diameter of zones was measured in mm and recorded for 24, 48 and 72 hours. Statistical Analysis: Awaited. Results: Result is awaited. Conclusion: Nil.
Reg. No. 45
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Management of aberrant root canals, an everyday endodontic challenge – A case series of seven cases
Sourav Kirtania
DR. R. Ahmed Dental College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Context: Anatomical characteristics of the different types of teeth and their possible variations are challenges routinely faced by practitioners performing endodontic treatment. Endodontic anomalies like mid-distal canals are rarely encountered with a prevalence rate of 1.4%. Incidence of three canals in mandibular second premolar is reported in the range of 1.2-3.4% while three-rooted maxillary first premolar is reported in the range of 0-6% and two canals in maxillary canine to be in the range of 1-43%. Vertucci type V root canal has been reported in mandibular first premolars with an incidence in the range of 8-11.97% and mandibular first premolar with two roots to be in the range of 1.8-2%. Failure to locate and obturate an undetected root canal can lead to post-treatment disease. Therefore, it is imperative that aberrant anatomy be identified prior to and during root canal treatment of teeth. Aim: The purpose of this paper is to present seven different cases of root canal aberrations such as the presence of a mid-distal canal in mandibular first molars, three rooted mandibular second premolar, three rooted maxillary first premolar, mandibular first premolar with Vertucci type V canal, mandibular first premolar with two roots and maxillary canine with 2 root canals. Conclusion: One can never know when a seemingly innocent tooth may present itself with a whole lot of surprises that ultimately increases the difficulty of a case. Therefore, one must almost always consider the possibility and be on the lookout for an extra/undetected root canal in every case unless proven otherwise.
Reg. No. 46
Category: Original Research
Fiber reinforced composite in lesion-guided access cavities: Maximising biomimetics to preserve nature
Meghana Vartak
YMT Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Introduction: Today's era is that of aesthetic and minimally invasive dentistry. Minimal access cavities have been made possible by the use of dental operating microscope and heat-treated flexible Ni-Ti rotary instruments. An improved understanding of the science of bonding has paved the way for biomimetic restorations which provide systematic reinforcement of the tooth structure thus aiming to eliminate the need for the more invasive full coverage crowns. Aim: This in vitro pilot study was undertaken with the aim of evaluating the effect of conservative access cavities (lesion-guided) and subsequent fibre-reinforced composite biomimetic restoration on the fracture resistance of endodontically treated posterior teeth. Methodology: The study was carried out on extracted premolars (Group 1) and molars (Group 2). Class V cavities were prepared in Group 1 (premolars) and mesioproximal class II cavities were prepared in Group 2 (molars). Each group was then divided into four subgroups and the prepared samples were randomly assigned to each subgroup. Subgroups A were control groups whereas subgroups B, C and D were endodontically treated. Subgroups A: cavity only restored with bulkfill composite, Subgroups B: traditional access cavity with bulkfill composite restoration, Subgroups C: lesion guided conservative access cavities with bulkfill composite restoration, Subgroups D: lesion guided conservative access cavities with biomimetic fibre reinforced composite restoration. All specimens were subjected to 500 thermocycles between 5°-55°C and subjected to a fracture test under the universal testing machine measured in newtons. Results: Results are awaited.
Reg. No. 47
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Accuracy and practicality of digital impression systems
Anandhan Moorthy
Government Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Accurate impressions are essential in fabricating dental restorations and fixed dental prostheses. During the last decade, digital impression systems which can utilize intraoral scanners (Direct) or extra oral scanners (Indirect) have improved substantially. In general, the latest systems have considerably reduced the time required for impression making, and the accuracy and marginal fit of digital impression systems have recently improved. Restorations fabricated with currently available digital impression systems exhibit clinically acceptable ranges of marginal gap in both direct and indirect procedures. Case 1: A 30 year old male patient was complaint of pain in right mandibular first molar. After root canal treatment was done, a high strength ZIRCONIA crown (IPS e .max ZirCAD, Ivoclar Vivadent) was planned. After crown preparation, digital impression was taken with TRIOS 3 intraoral scanner (3 Shape Trios A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark). once the crown was fabricated using CAD/CAM technology, the restoration was cemented with self-adhesive resinous cement (RC) (Relyx U200, 3M ESPE). Case 2: A 21 year old patient was complaint of discolored upper anterior tooth. After root canal treatment was done, high esthetic LITHIUM DISILICATE crown (IPS e.max CAD) was planned. After crown preparation, rubber base impression was taken and it was scanned by 3 SHAPE E3 DENTAL LAB SCANNER. once the Crown was fabricated by CAD/CAM technology, restoration was cemented with self-adhesive resinous cement (RC). Finally, patients were more satisfied and we saved the time as well as we delivered more accurately fit restorations.
Reg. No. 50
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
The architect of the smile: Midline diastema closure by multidisciplinary approach
Ritika Mundhra
Rungta College of Dental Sciences and Research, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India
Background: Midline Diastema is a major esthetic concern for the patients. Reasons for the occurrence of diastema could be genetic, physiological, aberrant frenal attachment and self-inflicting injuries. Proper diagnosis of the diastema, unfolding its etiology helps in devising an adequate treatment plan. Many innovative therapies have been used varying from restorative procedures to surgical procedures, orthodontic intervention and by multidisciplinary approach. Aim: To present a case series on management of midline diastema by multidisciplinary approach and using different restorative techniques. Methods: The case series includes the cases of midline diastema closure by direct resin composite following a frenectomy procedure along with a habit breaking appliance for tongue thrusting, fabrication of silicon palatal putty index for direct composite veneering, treatment of discolored non vital tooth along with midline diastema using crowns and esthetic correction of diastema using laminate veneer. Results: Clinical result of the cases shows that Direct composite veneering is highly efficient and noninvasive treatment option for rapid diastema closure. The fabrication of silicon putty index helps in achieving highly esthetic appearance. Closure of diastema using crowns can be reliable in patients having discolored non vital anterior tooth. Correction of diastema using laminate veneer keeps the tooth preparation simple and is one of the most conservative techniques. Conclusion: Midline diastema requires proper diagnosis and treatment planning. Minimally invasive approaches adopted in the cases satisfied the esthetic requirements of patients. The natural tooth structure was tried to be replicated and midline diastema was corrected with maximum possible preservation.
Reg. No. 51
Category: Original Research
The biomimetic approach for cervical restorations
Kaveri J. Pawar
YMT Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Introduction: The differential bond strength of cervical restoration to the underlying substrates leads to polymerization shrinkage stresses causing sensitivity, marginal discoloration, cervical gap formation and loss of restoration. The principles of biomimetic dentistry such as immediate dentin sealing (IDS), biobase and low shrinkage composites may help to overcome these difficulties. Aim: To evaluate and compare the shear bond strength of heated packable composite and bulk fill packable composite with and without biomimetic approach in non-carious cervical cavities. Materials and Methods: The study was performed on 100 human extracted premolars. Each specimen was mounted horizontally on acrylic block exposing the facial surface. Standardized Class V cavities involving the radicular dentin and cervical enamel were prepared on facial surfaces. Specimens were divided into 4 groups (n=25). Group 1 Total etch bonding protocol using universal bonding agent (UBA) (3M ESPE) and restoration with heated packable composite (3M ESPE), Group 2 Total etch bonding protocol using UBA (3M ESPE) and restoration with bulk fill packable composite (Shofu beautiful), Group 3 IDS of dentin with Clearfil SE (Kuraray) bond and biobase formation, selective etching for enamel, UBA (3M ESPE) and restoration with heated packable composite, Group 4 IDS of dentin with Clearfil SE bond and biobase formation, selective etching of enamel, UBA (3M ESPE) and restoration with bulk fill packable composite (Shofu beautiful). Specimens subjected to thermocycling. The specimens were then evaluated for shear bond strength using universal testing machine. Results: Results are awaited.
Reg. No. 54
Category:
Regenerative Approach: A boon to conservative management of traumatic injuries
Kadambari Sriram
Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Karnataka, India
Crown fractures are the most common traumatic injuries seen in both primary and permanent dentition. Most commonly in the anterior teeth. Such type of traumatic fractures is observed in adolescents and young adults as they are more exposed to various outdoor and sporting activities. Treatment of such cases can prove challenging to clinicians, especially if a conservative approach is chosen. Pulp capping is a form of regenerative endodontics which facilitates the healing of injured pulp by using bioactive materials to ensure the formation of mineralized tissue or dentin bridge. The use of this method may be a more conservative alternative to root-canal treatment in cases where the pulp has been exposed due to reversible injury or does not exhibit symptoms of inflammation. As adhesive dentistry has evolved, the choice of crown reattachment as the first line of treatment for restoring fractured teeth is opted for because of its minimally invasive approach, which maintains the original contact, contour, colour and incisal translucency. This case report presents a case of fragment reattachment while maintaining the vitality of the tooth with 12 months follow -up. Appropriate management of such cases not only restores the function and aesthetics of the dentition but also provides a positive psychosocial impact on the patient.
Reg. No. 57
Category: Original Research
Antibacterial effect of different irrigants against Entercoccus faecalis
Rao Vinayak Jagdish
M. R. Ambedkar Dental College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
Background: The elimination of resistant bacterial strain such as Enterococcus faecalis is important for successful root canal treatment. New alternative irrigants have been proposed to achieve ideal endodontic treatment. Aim: The aim of the study is to investigate antibacterial efficacy of different irrigants against Enterococcus faecalis bacteria. Materials and Methods: Fourty single rooted teeth were selected and randomly divided into four groups. (n= 10 in each group). Group 1: Sodium Hypochlorite, Group 2: Liquid EDTA, Group 3: Ozonated Olive Oil, Group 4: Chlorhexidine, Fourty single rooted teeth with mature apices were collected, cleaned and stored in distilled water and were de-coronated apical to the cement-enamel junction to standardize the length to 13 mm with the diamond disc under water coolant. Working length of all samples were established by size 10 K-file inserted into the canal until the tip of the file become visible at the apical foramen. Enterococcus faecalis strains were incubated in the canals. Root canal shaping procedure were performed with ProTaper rotarty files upto the size of F3. During cleaning and shaping all the canals were irrigated with above mentioned irrigating solutions. Agar well diffusion test was used to determine the antibacterial effect of the above mentioned irrigants against Enterococcus faecalis. The diameters of zones of bacterial inhibition formed around wells containing of test materials were measured and recorded after incubation for 24 hr and 48 hr. Results: Awaited. Conclusion: Awaited.
Reg. No. 60
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Management of a non-odontogenic cyst mimicking a periapical lesion: A case report
Sayisree Yarlagadda
Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Introduction: Non-odontogenic cysts (NOC) comprise a group of lesions that affect the oral and maxillofacial region. Nasopalatine duct cysts (NPDC) are the most common developmental, epithelial, and nonodontogenic cysts found on the palate behind the maxillary anterior teeth. NPDC prevalence ranges from 2.2% to 11.6%. The patient is usually asymptomatic or may present with pain, swelling, and drainage. The teeth involved either respond normally to pulp sensibility tests or were previously endodontically treated. On CBCT examination, the lesion is shown to involve the nasopalatine canal or extend into the nasal cavity. Hence, CBCT should be considered to aid in diagnosis. Case Discussion: A 30-year-old-male patient complains of pain in the upper left front region of the jaw for the past four days. The patient gave a history of drainage in the anterior palatal region. After the necessary clinical and radiographic examinations, it was provisionally diagnosed as a Nasopalatine duct cyst. The patient was referred to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery for an opinion. As the CBCT revealed no communication between the tooth and the lesion a surgical treatment was planned for the management of the cyst. Conclusion: Surgical management was successful in treating the Nasopalatine duct cyst. It is important to note that NPDC should be considered as a differential diagnosis in the case of radiolucent periapical lesions.
Reg. No. 62
Category: Original Research
Preheating effect on microhardness of bulkfill composite resin: An in-vitro study
Siddhodhan Omprakash Shingankar
Saraswati Danwantri Dental College and Hospital, Parbhani, Maharashtra, India
Aim: This study investigated effect of preheating on microhardness of bulkfill composite resins. Materials and Methods: 48 disc shaped composite resin specimens were fabricated using Teflon mold. 48 discs were divided into two groups (n=24); Group 1:prime dent l; Group 2: Tetric ivoclar. They were further subdivided into two subgroups (n=12); Group a: at room temperature, Group b: preheated using incubator. All samples were tested with Vicker microhardness tester on bottom and top surfaces. Results: Results are awaited. Conclusion: Conclusion will be derived accordingly.
Reg. No. 63
Category: Original Research
Evaluation of gaps or voids occurring in roots filled with bioroot RCS and AH plus sealer with different placement techniques
Anoushka Yadav
Dr. H. S. J. Dental College, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
The root canal system must be cleaned, shaped, and sealed properly for successful endodontic treatment. Choosing a high-performance sealer combined with GP, an adequate filling methodology, and a more effective sealer placement approach can thus optimise the filling process. Aim: To investigate and analyse the optimal sealer placement strategy in the root canal, as well as to compare the sealability property of a bio ceramic sealer vs. an epoxy resin sealer. Methodology: Thirty extracted human teeth with straight roots and fully formed apices were selected. The canals were then instrumented using the crown-down technique with Protaper Gold. The canals were obturated using a single-cone technique with different sealer placement methods varying according to the groups. In this study two distinct material-based sealer, AH Plus and Bioroot RCS were used. The roots were then transected with a diamond disc and taken to a digital microscope. The resulting images were transferred to Image J Software, in order to obtain the percentage of void area and their location. Statistical Analyis: One-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey test were used. Results: Application of Bioroot with GP gave the best result in the coronal third. Application of AH Plus with lentulospiral gave best result the in the middle third. Application of AH Plus with GP gave the best result in the apical third. Conclusion: Sealability properties depend on type of sealer used, method of its placement and the region of the tooth its applied to.
Reg. No. 66
Category: Original Research
Influence of instrumentation kinematics on apical sealing ability of gutta percha – An in vitro confocal laser scanning microscopic study
P. Shruthi
Sri Venkata Sai Institute of Dental Sciences, Mahabubnagar, Telangana, India
Context: The principal objectives of endodontic therapy are to clean and shape the root canal system and to fill the canal system completely in three dimensions. The advances in endodontic root canal preparation focuses on the idea that “less is more” which means the whole biomechanical preparation of root canal space can be done with single file. Aim: To evaluate the influence of instrumentation kinematics on apical sealing ability of gutta-percha using a confocal laser scanning microscope. Materials and Methods: Forty human permanent mandibular premolars were selected for the study. Decoronation was done till CEJ to obtain access to the root canal. The working length was established 1 mm short of the apex. Biomechanical preparation using S-ONE, HYFLEX EDM, WAVE ONE GOLD, RECIPROC and root canals were obturated with single cone technique. Coronal access was sealed with GIC. Then nail varnish was applied on the root surfaces except for 2 mm of the root end and immersed in 0.2% Rhodamine solution for 48 hours at 37°C. Samples were sectioned longitudinally in a buccolingual direction. Apical 2 mm of the sample were observed under a confocal laser scanning electron microscope. Statistical Analysis: The results were analyzed using One-way ANOVA and Post hoc tests. Results: Reciproc group showed the better apical sealing ability while HyFlex EDM showed the least apical sealing ability among all the groups. Conclusion: The reciprocating motion showed better apical sealing ability.
Reg. No. 67
Category: Original Research
No Cocktails!
Simranjit Kaur
National Dental College and Hospital, Dera Bassi, Punjab, India
Context: The goal of root canal treatment is to remove microorganisms from infected root canals and to prevent recontamination. This may be accomplished by biochemical cleaning and shaping of root canals. Several irrigants have been used in order to eliminate bacteria and their by products and smear layer from root canals and dentinal tubules. In order to combine the functions and properties of NaOCl and CHX, their association has been advocated. However if NaOCl is present in the root canal and when CHX is introduced, a brown coloured precipitate if formed. To avoid this precipitate formation, intermediate irrigant substances have been suggested to inactivate NaOCl before using CHX. Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of two intermediate endodontic irrigants in preventing orange brown precipitate formed during alteration of sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine- An in vitro study. Materials and Methods: Flat top polypropylene microtubes will be used in the study. The samples will be divided into two groups based on the type of intermediate irrigant (sodium thiosulphate and citric acid) between 2.5% NaOCl and 2% CHX and further be divided into four subgroups varying their time of addition (immediately, 4 min, 8 min and 12 min). All the microtubes will be containing 0.5 ml of 2.5% NaOCl. Colour change or the precipitate formation will be noted in all the groups after interactions between the solutions. Results and Conclusion: will be obtained once the study is complete.
Reg. No. 68
Category: Original Research
Evaluation of IL-1? Concentrations in periapical exudates from root canals in apical periodontitis patients – A clinical study
Shivangi Jain
Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Introduction: Apical periodontitis (AP) is an inflammation and destruction of peri-radicular tissues. It occurs as a sequence of various insults to the dental pulp, including microbial infection, physical and iatrogenic trauma, following endodontic treatment, the damaging effects of root canal filling materials. An inflammatory mediator is a messenger that acts on blood vessels and/or cells to promote an inflammatory response. there are two types of mediators ie, mediators that are potent stimulators of osteoclastic activity like IL- 1a, IL-1ß, IL-2, PGE-2, TNF-a, IFN-?, MIP-1b and mediators that suppress apical bone resorption like IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-13. This precise information can be attained from a simple, non-invasive and accurate sampling procedure that could help clinicians determine other inflammatory mediators like interleukin 1ß in periapical exudates from infected root canals in apical periodontitis using ELISA for better treatment options and thereby improving the prognosis of the treatment. Materials and Methods: The clinical study will be conducted on patients attending dental outpatient for endodontic therapy. The sample size will be calculated using a pilot study. Patients diagnosed with root canal treated with apical periodontitis will participate in this clinical study. Samples would be collected from the infected root canals using paper points which would further be analyzed with ELISA for interleukin 1ß. Results: Data will be analyzed statistically.
Reg. No. 69
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Endodontic management of mandibular first pre-molar with two canals: A case series
Ishita Dwivedi
Rungta College of Dental Sciences and Research, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India
Context: Successful endodontic treatment requires thorough knowledge of root canal morphology and appropriate radiographic assessment. Before initiation of endodontic treatment, the probability of extra canals should be taken under consideration. Mandibular premolars have been known to present with aberrant anatomy. They are often referred to as an Enigma to the Endodontist. They show complex and variable root canal morphology and for this reason they are one of the most difficult teeth to treat. The incidence of presence of two canals in these teeth is 1.8%. Aim: The aim of this case series is endodontic management of mandibular first pre-molar with two canals. Materials and Methods: In both the cases access was gained to the pulp chamber after administration of local anaesthesia under rubber dam isolation. Two canals were located, one on the buccal and one on lingual surface. Working length was established using apex locater and confirmed with radiograph. The canals were cleaned and shaped sequentially with Micro Mega Hero Gold rotary files. Irrigation was done using 3% Sodium Hypochlorite and saline. After application of AH plus sealer, obturation was done using single cone method. Result: After completion of endodontic treatment patient presented with no post-operative pain and sensitivity. Follow up will be done after 3 months. Conclusion: This case series depicts how correct interpretation of pre-operative radiographs and knowledge of root canal anatomy can aid in endodontic treatment of mandibular pre-molars with two canals.
Reg. No. 70
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of dentinal tubule occlusion and dentin permeability of different additives to sodium fluoride varnishes – An in vitro study
S. Advaitha Narayan
Karpaga Vinayaga Institute of Dental Sciences, Padalam, Tamil Nadu, India
Aim: The objective of this study is to compare the evaluation of dentinal tubule occlusion and dentin permeability of different additives to sodium fluoride varnishes through Scanning electron microscopy - Energy dispersive spectrometer and fluid filtration model after 24 hours and 7 days. Materials and Methods: Seventy two (n = 72) horizontal dentin discs of 1±0.2 mm thickness from CEJ were prepared from sound permanent human single rooted mandibular premolars. These 72 samples were divided into three groups. Group 1: Profluorid varnish (n=24), Group 2: Pulpdent embrace fluoride (n=24), Group 3: Fluorodip bioactive (n=24). Each group were further divided into 2 subgroups of n=12 for Scanning electron microscopy - Energy dispersive spectrometer and fluid filtration model analysis which were checked after 24 hours and 7 days post pH cycling. Statistical Analysis: One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Repeated measure ANOVA, Post hoc Tukey test and Paired Test. Results: Fluorodip bioactive varnish showed better results in comparison with Pulpdent embrace fluoride and Profluorid varnish in tubule occlusion and dentin permeability analysis.
Reg. No. 71
Category: Original Research
To evaluate the thickness of oxygen inhibition layer (oil), produced on two composite materials
Nimisha Nathu Mahajan
YCMM and RDF'S Dental College and Hospital, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India
Aim: To evaluate the thickness of oxygen inhibition layer (OIL), produced on two composite materials. Materials and Methods: The thickness of OIL of 2 different composite materials (60 specimen n=30 each group1-nanohybrid composite group 2-fiber reinforced composite, further divided into 10 each under 3 sub-groups). The 3 subgroups (a, b, c) depending on the surface treatment given-no surface treatment (control group), ethanol, water spray.Equal amount of each type of composite resin was applied on the middle of a horizontally placed glass microscope slides.A constant sample thickness of 0.1 mm was ensured by placing two glass plates (20 mm × 20 mm)on each side of the composite resin.The specimens were polymerized for 40 s using a light-emitting diode light-curing unit.The prepared groups for testing were as follows:group 1, the oil was not treated, group 2-the oil was treated by wiping the surface of the cured specimen using alcohol sponges soaked 20 s and then gently air dried for another 20 s; group 3, the oil was treated with water applied as a water spray for 20 s and gently air dried for another 20 s. The depth of the inhibition layer was measured using SEM around the periphery at a magnification of 40x. The results were recorded in micrometers between the outer boundary of the specimen and the polymerized–unpolymerized resin interface.Result: statistical analysis of results are in progress.Discussion: Oxygen inhibition layer-free surfaces by curing the specimens the oil depend on its thickness; if relatively thin, the oil allows diffusion of the photoinitiator into the overlaying composite, thus improving the bond strength.Conclusion: Study can be concluded after statistical analysis.
Reg. No. 75
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Variations in the root canal morphology of permanent teeth: A case series
Sumedha Sumbria
Rama Dental College Hospital and Research Centre, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
Particularly for the endodontic specialist, the potential differences in the anatomical and morphological traits of the teeth are crucial. The clinician must always take into account the morphological variances in pulp anatomy before starting any endodontic treatment. Dentists must identify all root canals, completely debride them, and then completely fill the root canal system with an inert root-filling substance for endodontic treatment to be successful. Unfilled canals that were left in this state because they were not noticed might endanger the health of the tooth, making them a risk for infection and a significant factor in the failure of prosthetic treatments. This article presents clinical cases of different permanent teeth with variation in root canal morphology: mandibular first molar with 6 root canals, mandibular second premolar with 2 roots & maxillary canine with 2 canals.
Reg. No. 76
Category: Original Research
Evaluation of dentinal tubules occlusion using remin pro, casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (GC tooth mousse), fluoridated-bioactive glass (Elenz) and non-fluoridated bioactive glass (SHY-NM) as desensitizing agents: An in-vitro scanning electron microscopic analysis
Nivedita Jaipuriar
Triveni Institute of Dental Sciences Hospital and Research Centre, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India
Context: Desensitizing tooth pastes are chemical occluding agents which helps in reducing dentinal hypersensitivity. Aim: In-vitro evaluation of the dentinal tubules occlusion using four different desensitizing agents by Scanning Electron Microscopic (SEM) analysis. Materials and Methods: 100 Human extracted permanent maxillary first and second premolar teeth were collected. Each tooth was sectioned to obtain dentin disc specimen from the middle-third of crown with a thickness of 2 mm. Using double-sided tape, each dentin disc was fixed onto the microscopic slides and were then randomly divided into five groups (Four Experimental and One Control) with 20 specimens per group. A pea-sized amount of desensitizing agent was placed on each of the dentin disc as per the group and by using Oral B Extra soft bristle toothbrush, each dentin disc was brushed in circular motion twice a day for 2 minutes at an interval of 12 hours for 14 days. 4 ml of distilled water was used as desensitising agent in control group specimens. All specimens were then rinsed with deionised water for removal of residual desensitising agents. The extent of dentinal tubules occlusion was evaluated using SEM at a magnification of X2000. Statistical Analysis: Obtained data was analysed using Chi-square test to detect significant differences at P < 0.05. Results: No statistically significant difference was seen between Remin Pro and Fluoridated- Bioactive glass, CPP-ACP and Non-Fluoridated Bioactive glass in dentinal tubules occlusion. Conclusion: Remin Pro was found to be the most effective and Non-Fluoridated Bioactive glass was least effective in dentinal tubules occlusion.
Reg. No. 78
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Guided endodontics for management of calcified canals – A report of two cases
Kiran Panzade
Government Dental College and Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Pulp canal calcification (PCC) also known as pulp canal obliteration (PCO) is a one of the sequala after dental trauma. Literature shows that pulp canal obliteration (PCO) occurs in 15%–40% of cases after luxation injuries. Endodontic treatment of teeth with pulp canal obliteration (PCO) is arduous for dental practitioners. Multiple challenges are encountered during treatment for such teeth as, difficulty locating the root canal, excessive removal of peri-cervical dentin, canal deviation or transportation, likelihood of perforations, and increased risk for instrument separation which further affects the long term prognosis. To minimize these errors, a revolutionary technique was introduced, termed as “guided endodontics”. Guided endodontics is a computer-assisted approach developed to localize the calcified root canals in a minimally invasive way. This method employs the use of Cone Beam Computed Tomograpy (CBCT) scan and an extracoronal three-dimensional scan of the concerned tooth. These scans are then superimposed to get an accurate access to the pulpal space. A guided endodontic access preparation can be approached in two different ways: static guidance, implies the use of a template, whilst dynamic navigation relies on markers positioned in the patient's mouth and a camera system. This paper reports successful management of two symptomatic cases with pulp canal obliteration managed using static guided endodontic technique.
Reg. No. 81
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of stress distribution in endodontically treated molars restored with different onlay preparation designs and different monolithic ceramic materials – A finite element analysis study
Henal Nilesh Dedhia
YMT Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Introduction: Encountering severely decayed, damaged, and otherwise compromised teeth is commonplace in daily practice. However, while restoring endodontically treated teeth, a balance must be reached between achieving biomechanical stability and minimal invasion. When based on the histo-anatomy of the natural tooth, the clinical protocol undertaken and the indirect restorations delivered can demonstrate natural integration and biomimetic sustainability. The application of bio-emulation principles for delivering indirect onlays (adhesively bonded restorations) to treat severely damage molars, is the future for us. Aim of the Study: The aim of the study is to comparatively evaluate stress distribution in endodontically treated molars restored with different onlay preparation designs and different monolithic ceramic materials using finite element analysis. Methodology: In the study two groups with different ceramic materials are selected. Each group is further divided into three subgroups for assessing stress distribution in different margin preparation designs and stress distribution in different monolithic ceramic materials. Subgroup A- Butt joint preparation design, Subgroup B- Beveled margin preparation design, Subgroup C-Shoulder margin preparation design, 3D finite element analysis models of mandibular first molar, with simulated endodontic treatment ceramic is developed and the stress distribution on the mandibular first molar onlay-tooth system on application of force on the occlusal surface of the modelled tooth is measured using Finite element analysis software. Results: Results of the study are awaited.
Reg. No. 82
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of antimicrobial efficacy of different intracanal medicaments against Enterococcus faecalis: An in-vitro study
Soni Pandey
Saraswati Dental College, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Background: Disinfection of root canal plays a major role on long term success of endodontic treatment. Reduction of endodontic microbiota has been achieved by series of antimicrobial strategies that include biomechanical-preparation, irrigation, intracanal medicaments and root canal filling materials. Due to polymicrobial nature of infected root canal multiple antibiotic formulation might be required. Aim: Relative assessment of antimicrobial efficacy of 2% Chlorhexidine with combination of Chlorhexidine-Moxifloxacin, Chlorhexidine-Linezolid, Moxifloxacin-Calcium hydroxide, Vancomycin-Calcium hydroxide against Enterococcus faecalis. Methods: Enterococcus faecalis strain is grown on culture media and is streaked over culture plate and 5 different combination of intracanal medicament were mixed separately and placed in separate wells soaked in paper disk. Then culture plate is incubated at 37 degree Celsius for 24 hrs. Mean value of the inhibition zone of replicates of control and experimental intracanal medicament group are calculated after 24 hrs, 48 hrs and 72 hrs. Minimum inhibitory concentration of the experimental medicament is also determined. Results: The antimicrobial effects of the medicaments could be ranked from strongest to weakest as follows: 2%CHX+Moxifloxacin, Moxifloxacin+CH, 2%CHX+Linezolid, 2%CHX, Vancomycin+CH. Statistical Analysis: Awaited. Conclusion: Within the limitations of study, an inference can be drawn that a combination of antimicrobial agent used as intracanal medicament is better than single agent.
Reg. No. 84
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Pulp autotransplantation – A novel in-vivo approach for regenerative endodontics
Aditi Bharatbhai Patel, Pooja Jasani
Narsinhbhai Patel Dental College and Hospital, Visnagar, Gujarat, India
Regenerative approach for the pulp-dentin complex is in current trend in both Restorative dentistry and Endodontics since last decade, particularly after recent advances on mesenchymal stem cell – based tissue engineering technologies. Entire tooth autotransplantation is a well known and confirmed procedure to replace any defective molar requiring extraction in today's practice. But, the transplantation of the entire pulp might yield the optimal scaffold for the differentiation of DPSC in their natural environment. Most of the nerves and blood vessels are formed in this procedure which facilitates the revascularisation and connective process of transplanted pulp. This procedure of pulp autotransplantation comprise of various advantages such as lack of transplant rejection, all cells consists of same DNA and RNA and completely mature connective tissue. All these factors together enhance the success of pulp regeneration treatments. For successful clinical outcome, the extraction of the tooth should occur with minimal damage and it should be stored for shortest period in sterilized saline solution. Dental pulp autotransplantation has not been thoroughly investigated so far, therefore this case report aimed to describe the procedure, advantages and the issues to be considered after a follow up of 9 months for the sake of a better autotransplantation prognosis.
Reg. No. 85
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Synergastics effect of PRF and BG crystals for chonic periapical healing: A case series
Riyaben Thakkar
Narsinhbhai Patel Dental College and Hospital, Visnagar, Gujarat, India
Periapical pathology occurs as a sequelae of microbial insults amenting from the root canal. If the infection within the canal is contained, it will progress to the periapical region leading into excessive osteoclastic bone resorption circumscribing the root. Nonsurgical endodontic treatment is a highly predictable option in majority of cases. Surgery may be indicated for teeth with persistent peri radicular pathosis associated with endodontically treated teeth which cannot be resolved by nonsurgical root canal therapy or when retreatment was unsuccessful, not feasible or contraindicated. This case report consists of 2 cases of periapical endodontic surgery which were performed on patients with a large periapical inflammatory lesion with bony defect. After removal of defects, Root end resection, mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) was used as the root end filling material. Then defect was filled with a combination of PRF and bone graft crystals. Clinical examination exhibited uneventful wound healing. There was radiographic evidence of almost complete bone healing of the periapical bone defect using PRF and bone graft crystals after 6 months post-surgery. To conclude, a successful clinical outcome and the healing potential of the combination of PRF and bone graft in large periapical lesions after periapical surgery was seen.
Reg. No. 88
Category: Systematic Review
Proximal contact tightness of direct class II composite resin restorations with various matrix systems: A systematic review
A. Kavitha, V. Bhavana
Government Dental College and Hospital
Background: Restoring an ideal proximal contact in direct class II composite resin restorations is challenging due to polymerization shrinkage, absence of condensability of composite materials, thickness of matrix bands and the use of various separation techniques, retainers and bands. Aims: To evaluate the proximal contact tightness that is achieved by various matrix systems used to restore a direct class II cavity with composite resin restoration. Materials and Methods: A systematic review was carried out according to the PRISMA statement guidelines. The online search for the articles was done in electronic databases of Cochrane, PubMed, Google scholar and grey literature. The articles comparing different matrix systems for restoration were selected. Out of 85 articles, a total of 10 articles met the selection criteria and were included. Results: 06 articles compared circumferential matrices versus sectional matrices, 03 articles compared metal matrix bands versus transparent matrix bands and 01 article compared automatrix with and without separation rings. Conclusions: Combination of Sectional matrices and separation rings resulted in tighter proximal contact compared to other matrix systems.
Reg. No. 89
Category: Original Research
A comparative evaluation of fracture resistance in endodontically treated teeth reinforced by various posts using CAD-CAM: An in-vitro study
Devagptapu V. V. Krishna Sreenija
Anil Neerukonda Institute of Dental Sciences, Bheemunupatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
Background: An endodontic post is recommended for the teeth with a substantial amount of coronal tooth structure destruction. Many materials are being developed in the field of dentistry with various advancements. PEEK has been successfully used in human medicine and dentistry as it is a biocompatible material and is unrivalled in likeness to natural bone. BioHPP, a modified version of PEEK is the most stable non-metal material in dental medicine and a shock absorbing material which protects implants aiding osseointegration. They are known for their balance between elasticity and rigidity, weight and fracture strength and also said to be resistant to plaque. Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the fracture resistance and failure modes of a PEEK post, Bio HPP post and a Co-Cr METAL post used in Endodontically treated premolars in a conservative approach. Materials and Methods: 30 freshly extracted Human Mandibular premolars were taken and stored in Thymol solution for one week. They were then sectioned to standardized length of 16 mm and then Root Canal Treatment is done using Rotary Instrumentation upto F2. 5 mm sectional obturation is done and are randomly divided into Three groups and restored with Posts made using using PEEK, Bio HPP and Co-Cr METAL posts followed by core buildup using composite with the help of strip crowns and full metal crowns. They are then subjected to Thermocycling & fracture resistance and failure modes were evaluated using Universal Testing Machine and Optical Microscope of 3x magnification. Results: Yet to be Evaluated.
Reg. No. 94
Category: Original Research
Effect of age on in vivo coronal strain variations in mandibular molars before and after root canal treatment – A pilot study
B. Loyola William
Thai Moogambigai Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Aim: To evaluate bite force and strain alterations under occlusal load in mandibular first molar before and after root canal treatment in two different age groups. Materials and Methods: The coronal strain in carious mandibular first molars with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis was compared with that of intact contralateral teeth in patients of two age groups (Group 1- 20 to 39 years and Group 2- 40 to 60 years). Experiments were conducted in 2 stages. In stage-1: The maximum bite force on the first molar region was determined on the experimental and control teeth using a customized load-cell. In stage-2: Strain gauges were bonded to the buccal aspect of teeth and strain was recorded after the application of a bite load on the intact (control) teeth and experimental teeth before and after endodontic access cavity preparation, cleaning/shaping procedure, root-filling and composite core restoration. Results: The coronal strain was higher in older patients compared to younger age group both preoperatively and after restoration of root filled teeth. The coronal strain was found to decrease after placement of a resin bonded composite core in the root filled teeth of both age groups. Conclusion: The mandibular molars in older age group showed higher strain values than younger age group after root canal treatment which may require immediate placement of crown.
Reg. No. 96
Category: Original Research
Assessment of fracture resistance using an improved material graphene and peek post and core system: An in vitro study
Ankita R. Wadgaonkar
Maitri College of Dentistry, Anjora, Chhattisgarh, India
Context: Fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth is essentially depending upon material with improved mechanical properties. Aim: This study aimed to compare the fracture resistance of endodontically treated mandibular premolars restored with Glass-fiber post, Graphene post & PEEK post. Materials and Methods: Thirty mandibular premolar will be collected. Root length will be standardized at 15 mm by decoronation process. Endodontic treatment will be done then after samples will be randomly divided into three groups. Group A (n=10) will be restored with Glass-fiber post, Group B (n=10) will be restored with PEEK post-core and Group C (n=10) will be restored with Graphene post. PEEK & Graphene post will be manufactured with a computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing system. All posts will be then cemented with a dual-cure resin cement. A universal testing machine will be used to measure the fracture resistance (0.5 mm/min at an angle of 45 degree to the long axis of the tooth). Statistical Analysis: One- way ANOVA Test and post-hoc test will be used to statistically analyse data. Results: Results will be evaluated after completion of the study. Conclusion: Funnel shaped canals in contrast to post space with parallel walls result in different distribution of stress from post & core foundation to root structure. Thus, in this study newer material with improved mechanical properties, marginal adaptation & having esthetic properties will be consider.
Reg. No. 97
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of retreatability of bioceramic sealer using two different retreatment files systems: An in vitro study
Vinita
Maitri College of Dentistry, Anjora, Chhattisgarh, India
Context: The purpose of retreatment is to assess the efficacy of different file systems in removal of gutta percha and sealer from the root canal. Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate and compare the retreatability of Bio -C sealer with two different retreatment file systems using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) for assessing the filling remnants. Materials and Methods: A total of sixty mandibular premolars with single and oval root canals will be prepared till size F3 using protaper gold file system and obturated with GP/Bio-C sealer. Canals will be then retreated using two different retreatment file systems - ProTaper Universal Retreatment (PTUR) system and Coltene Hyflex Retreatment system. The ability to re-establish working length (WL) and apical patency will be recorded. The percentage volume of residual filling material will be evaluated using CBCT. Statistical Analysis: Data from the study will be analyzed using Pearson's Chi-squared analysis and ANOVA. Results: The results will be concluded after the completion of the study. Conclusion: Removal of gutta-percha and root canal sealer would help in maximizing the ability to disinfect the root canal system. Hence the outcome of the re treatment depends on the complete debridement of obturating material which depends on different retreatment file systems.
Reg. No. 99
Category: Original Research
Evaluating the efficacy of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in combination with commonly used bleaching agents – An in vitro study
Nagadevara Shanmukha Bala Tripura Sundari
Anil Neerukonda Institute of Dental Sciences, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
Background: 35% H2O2 is most commonly used bleaching agent but according to some studies the higher concentration of H2O2 causes sensitivity to the patient. Literature has also shown that nanoscale TiO2 carry new optical and photocatalytic activity with very low TiO2 content, making it a promising new class of material. Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in combination with Hydrogen peroxide and Carbamide peroxide as bleaching agent. Materials and Methods: 40 freshly extracted maxillary central incisors are collected. All teeth are discoloured by storing in freshly prepared coffee solution for 3 days. The teeth are randomly divided into 4 groups of 10 samples in each group (n=10). Each tooth will undergo spectroscopic analysis and L, a, b values determined are formulated to derive overall colour change (?Eab). The means of each group are calculated and named as ?E1. The samples in Group 1 are treated with 35% H2O2 and Group 2 are treated with TiO2 nanoparticles and 15 % H2O2. The samples in group 3 are treated with 15% Carbamide peroxide and group 4 are treated with TiO2 nanoparticles and 15% Carbamide peroxide. Immediately, the samples are analysed in spectroscopy and are named as? E2.The samples are then stored in artificial saliva for 7 days. Then the samples will be analysed spectroscopically and named as? E3. The difference is measured as? E2-1 and? E3-2. The group with highest? E2-1 is determined to have better bleaching action when compared to other groups? E3-2 determines the longevity of the bleaching action of the agent. Results: Results are awaited for the study.
Reg. No. 100
Category: Original Research
Evaluation and comparison of antibacterial efficacy of different concentrations Chhattisgarh herbal product – Terminalia chebula fruit extract against Enterococcus faecalis: An in-vitro study
Shivani Deepak Doye
Maitri College of Dentistry, Anjora, Chhattisgarh, India
Context: One of the traditional medicines, Terminalia chebula has a wide range of medicinal properties. The purpose of this study is to ascertain the antibacterial capabilities of Terminalia chebula against E. faecalis. Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of different concentrations of T. chebula fruit extract (10%, 40%, 100%) against E. feacalis and its comparison to that of 2% chlorhexidine. Materials and Methods: For this purpose T. chebula ethanolic fruit extracts will be obtained and prepared with Group I:-10% concentration, Group II:-40% concentration, Group III:-100% concentration, Group IV:-2% chlorhexidine. Cultures of E. faecalis will be grown in Brain heart infusion (BHI) broth at 370C and will be inoculated in 15 BHI agar plates. On petri dishes total four wells of 8 mm diameter will be prepared with the help of metal borer. Antibacterial activity will be tested using the Agar well diffusion method and the zones of inhibition surrounding the wells will be recorded. Statistical Analysis: One-way ANOVA test and post hoc test will be used to statistically analyse the data. Results: Results will be concluded after the completion of the study. Conclusions: The production of contemporary pharmaceuticals from T. chebula will be addressed, as the worldwide scenario is currently shifting toward the usage of non-toxic plant products with traditional medicinal uses.
Reg. No. 101
Namrata Lunia
Category: Original Research
Evaluating fluoride release from different restorative materials at various time intervals: An in vitro study
Maitri College of Dentistry, Anjora, Chhattisgarh, India
Context: Glass ionomer cement is very popular in clinical practice due to their antibacterial and cariostatic properties, which is totally dependent on the amount of fluoride release and uptake by dentine. Short term and long-term fluoride uptake by dentine from commercially available a novel restorative material, ACTIVA Bio Active-Restorative and compomer is of clinical interest. Aim: To investigate the fluoride release from three different fluoride releasing materials at different time intervals. Materials and Methods: A total of 30 non-carious premolar teeth will be included in this study. Teeth will be divided into three equal main groups (n= 10) according to the type of restorative material. The first group; GC Gold Label universal restorative material, the second group; Compomer restorative material and the third group, ACTIVA Bio Active composite material. Each sample will be immersed in 5 ml of artificial saliva and will be evaluated for its fluoride release at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days by using microanalytical technique. Statistical Analysis: One-way ANOVA test will be used to statistically analyse the data. Results: Results will be concluded after the completion of the study. Conclusion: Fluorides have anticariogenic property and it prevents initiation and progression of caries, so dental restorative materials which contain fluoride in their formulation and are able to provide sustained release of fluoride might prove helpful in inhibition of dental caries.
Reg. No. 102
Category: Original Research
A comparative evaluation of the possibility and success rate of bypassing three fractured NiTi rotary files and its correlation with the variable root canal curvature, position and location of the fractured file along with associated procedural errors: An in-vitro study
Nikhil Arvind Karhale
Maitri College of Dentistry, Anjora, Chhattisgarh, India
Context: The purpose of the study is to compare success rate of bypass the fractured files, with different given conditions. Aim: The aim of the study is to assess the rate of success of bypassing three NiTi rotary files (Race, Hyflex CM and Neoendo flex), fractured in various root canal locations of extracted mandibular molars with two different canal curvatures. Materials and Methods: Ninety six extracted first or second mandibular molar teeth from humans will be selected. In the mesiobuccal root canal of each tooth three millimetres of the file tip (RaCe, Hyflex CM and Neoendo flex) will be fractured by weakening the file in the final three millimetres of files #25 with 4% taper and preparing the root canals with two distinct degrees of curvature (n-45). By using #8, #10, and #15 D finder (Mani) files, the bypass potential of fragmented files will be assessed and contrasted in various groups. The frequency of unintentional procedural errors will also be contrasted between these groups. Statistical Analysis: The appropriate statistical test will be used utilizing SPSS software version 20.0. Results: Results will be concluded after the completion of study. Conclusions: The design features of rotary files can influence the time needed to bypass separated fragments.
Reg. No. 103
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of shear bond strength of biodentine to composite resin utilizing various generation bonding agents: An in vitro study
Patatri Mitra
Maitri College of Dentistry, Anjora, Chhattisgarh, India
Context: The purpose of measuring bond strength is to assess bonding strength of an ideal bonding agent to Biodentine. Aim: The aim of the study is to assess shear bond strength (SBS) of Biodentine to Composite resin at two different time intervals by using different generation of bonding agents. Materials and Methods: 48 samples of Biodentine with height of 2 mm and internal diameter of 4 mm will be prepared. After 12 min of mixing, 24 samples will be randomly selected and divided into 4 subgroups: Group A: Tetric N Bond (5th generation), Group B: GC Solare Universal Bond (7th generation), Group C: G-Premio Bond (8th generation), Group D: Control. Composite resin will be restored over Biodentine after application of adhesives using cylindrical plastic mold of 2 mm height and 2 mm internal diameter.This procedure will be performed on remaining 24 Biodentine samples. Universal testing machine will be used to measure the SBS of fractured specimens, followed by stereomicroscopic analysis to evaluate failure pattern. Statistical Analysis: One-way ANOVA test and post-hoc test will be used to statistically analyse the data. Results: Results will be stated after completion of study. Conclusion: The longevity of restoration depends on quality of adhesive bond between Biodentine and Composite resin. It will be beneficial to clinician that which adhesive agent achieves better bonding with Biodentine.
Reg. No. 104
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Endodontic management of tooth with open apex using mta as apical barrier and vicryl plus antibiotic absorbable suture as an internal apical matrix in single visit apexification: A novel approach
Parepalli Prem Sai
Sree Sai Dental College and Research Institute, Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh, India
Immature tooth with necrotic pulp and periapical pathosis is a major challenge and requires a tailored treatment plan. The success of endodontic treatment in such a case requires closure of the root apex. The treatment of choice for necrotic teeth with immature root is apexification, which is induction of apical closure to produce more favorable conditions for conventional root canal filling. The most commonly advocated medicament is calcium hydroxide although recently Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) has been successfully used for one visit /two visit apexification procedure so that the fragile tooth can be restored immediately wherein the root canal can be obturated within 24 hours after placement of MTA. However, difficulty in placing the material in the wide apical area using a matrix prior to the placement of MTA avoids its extrusion reduces leakage in the sealing material, and allows favorable response of the periapical tissues. Materials such as collagen, calcium sulfate, and hydroxyapatite, PRF have been used for this purpose. This article describes the use of resorbable suture material to form the apical matrix which offers many advantages over the contemporary materials. Conclusion: Placement of the matrix made from the suture material is predictable and is easily positioned at the apex and the length can be adjusted as required. 12 months follow-up of the case shows resorbed matrix and bone healing in the periapical region. The patient was asymptomatic during the whole follow-up period and tooth exhibited mobility within physiologic limits and was functioning normally.
Reg. No. 105
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of penetration depth of gutta flow bioseal sealer with three different irrigants into dentinal tubules using confocal laser scanning microscope: An in vitro study
Kintada Venkata Srija
Sree Sai Dental College and Research Institute, Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh, India
Aim: This study was aimed to evaluate the penetration depth of gutta flow bioseal sealer with three different irrigants into dentinal tubules. Materials and Methods: Forty non-carious single rooted teeth were selected for this study and stored in distilled water. They were decoronated at the cementoenamel junction with diamond disc to obtaind roots of standardised length to 15 mm. An ISO size 10 K-file was inserted until visible at the apical foramen. Instrumentation was done with protaper universal files upto 25/06 taper. Irrigation was done with 3%Naocl for 1 min later followed with 17% EDTA solution and finally rinsed with saline and were randomly divided into four groups: Group I -3% NAOCL, Group II-AgGO (graphene oxide with silver nanoparticles), Group III-QMIX 2 IN 1, Control Group-normal saline were irrigated with these irrigants for 3 mins and finally rinsed with saline.The canals were dried with paper points. Gutta flow bioseal sealer mixed with rhodamine B dye was coated all over suitable GP CONES and placed inside the root canal till the working length and coronally sealed with temporary restoration. These were placed in incubator for 1 week for the sealar to set. Finally the teeth were cut at apical, middle portions of the root with diamond disc and viewed under confocal laser scanning microscope. The data was analysed by one way ANOVA and student T test and evaluated for sealar penetrability into dentinal tubules using three different irrigants. Results: Results are awaiting.
Reg. No. 107
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of marginal adaptation of three different materials restored in Class II MOD inlay cavity preparations: An in vitro study
Nalli Akhila
Anil Neerukonda Institute of Dental Sciences, Bheemunupatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
Background: Inlay is an intra coronal cast restoration which is prepared by indirect technique. Many materials are used for preparation of inlays. PEEK is a thermoplastic organic polymer which is biocompatible and has similar properties to bone. Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate the marginal adaptation of Poly ether ether ketone (PEEK), Cobalt Chromium Metal and Indirect Composites in class II MOD inlay cavity preparations. Materials and Methods: 30 freshly extracted maxillary premolars are collected and randomly divided into 3 Groups of 10 samples in each Group (N=10). Out of which Group 1 is PEEK inlays, Group 2: Metal inlays (Cobalt Chromium), Group 3: Indirect Composite Inlays. Class II MOD inlay cavities are prepared with No. 271 and 169L Burs. Cavity preparations of all the groups are standardized by using Williams calibrated probe. The PEEK and metal inlay cavity preparations are scanned and milled with the help of CAD CAM machine. Composite inlays will be prepared in Indirect lab technique. Inlay restorations will be luted with Resin Modified Glass Ionomer luting Cement, and the specimens will be thermocycled for 24 hours. Each specimen will be cut in a mesio-distal direction using hard tissue microtome. The cut specimens will be observed under a Scanning Electron Microscope to investigate the gaps formed at the restoration/cement interface and the cement/tooth interface.Results: Results are awaited for the study.
Reg. No. 108
Category: Original Research
IS a mix – A fix? A microscopic analysis of depth of penetration of three combinations of irrigants – An in vitro study
Yantrapragada Lakshmi Sunanda
Sree Sai Dental College and Research Institute, Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh, India
Background: It has been shown that about 35-53% of root canals are left uninstrumented even after mechanical instrumentation. This is where irrigants play a vital role. NaOCl is one solution that dissolves organic matter though it has its own limitations. Recently, a combination of NaOCL with other irrigants has shown better antibacterial properties without affecting the tissue dissolving property of NaOCl. Aim: This study aimed to assess the penetration depth of three different combinations of NaOCl with different irrigants with the area of interest being the apical 3rd of teeth. Methodology: 36 single-rooted teeth with mature apices were selected, straight line access to the apex was established and working length determined with a 15 k file, the length of teeth was standardized at 15 mm.The root canals were shaped and cleaned using saline in between each instrument used. The samples were then randomly divided into 3 groups, (n=12). The final irrigant used in each group was: group 1- (NaOCl+ Etidronic acid+ Rhodamine B dye) group 2- NaOCl+Chitosan+Rhodamine B dye) group 3- (NaOCl+ Phytic acid+ Rhodamine B dye). This final irrigant was used for 3 minutes in each sample. The teeth were then sectioned at the apical level and viewed under a confocal laser scanning microscope to record the penetration depth of irrigants. Statistical Analysis: One way ANOVA and Tukey's posthoc test. Results: Are awaiting.
Reg. No. 109
Category: Original Research
Comparitive evaluation of the penetration depth into dentinal tubules by three different nanoparticle irrigant solutions – An in vitro study
Bademela Sree Laksmi
Sree Sai Dental College and Research Institute, Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh, India
Background: Root canal irrigation is one of the most important steps in root canal treatment. There are evidences of micro-organisms in the dentinal tubules of infected root dentin. Penetration depth of endodontic irrigants into dentinal tubules significantly determines the outcomes of root canal treatment. Aim: To examine the penetration depth of three different nanoparticle irrigant solutions into dentinal tubules. Materials and Methods: Forty-two extracted single rooted teeth were used. Access cavity preparation and working length determined. The samples were randomly divided into three groups (n= 14). Group 1- Chitosan nanoparticles, Group 2- zinc oxide nanoparticles, Group 3- silica doped titanium nanoparticles. Each group sub-divided into two based on activation sub group A- activation with PATS Vario and sub group B- without activation. The experimental irrigants were mixed with Rhodamine B dye and final irrigation of each tooth was carried out respectively for each group for 1 min. Each sample is sectioned at 3 mm from the apex. The specimens were observed under the confocal laser scanning microscope for depth of irrigant penetration. Statistical Analysis: Statistical analysis will be performed using one- way ANOVA.Results: Results are awaiting.
Reg. No. 110
Category: Original Research
A comparative evaluation of remaining dentin thickness following biomechanical preparation of teeth using three different rotary file systems: An in-vitro CBCT study
Banavathu Priyanka
Sree Sai Dental College and Research Institute, Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh, India
Background: Success in endodontics depends on canal preparation, disinfection, and obturation. Cleaning and shaping of the root canal is the most crucial step for effective endodontic therapy. An important factor in preventing procedural mishaps is the quantity of dentin removed during instrumentation because the fracture resistance of the root is directly influenced by the amount of dentin that remains after instrumentation. Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the remaining dentin thickness of the root canal after instrumenting with three different rotary file systems using CBCT imaging. Methods: Thirty permanent extracted, single rooted teeth were collected. The samples were decoronated at the level of cemento-enamel junction. A pre-instrumentation CBCT scan was taken. Access opening and working length was determined. The samples were randomly divided into three groups. Group I: Edge endo X7, Group II: Hero shaper, Group III: Neo-endo flex files. Biomechanical preparation was carried out using respective files. A post CBCT scan was taken and comparison was carried out with a pre - instrumentation CBCT scan to evaluate the remaining dentin thickness. Statistical Analysis: Statistical analysis will be performed using one way ANOVA. Results: Results are awaited.
Reg. No. 111
Category: Original Research
Silica doped Tio2 nanoparticles – “Glimmer of hope” in endodontics
Mediboyina Alekhya
Sree Sai Dental College and Research Institute, Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh, India
Aim: This study aimed to assess the antimicrobial activity of Bio Ceramic Root Canal sealers modified with novel highly loaded antimicrobial agent silica doped Tio2 nanoparticles on Enterococcus faecalis–infected root canal dentin. Methodology: 60 middle thirds of single-rooted teeth were obtained and infected with E. faecalis for 3 weeks. Samples were divided into 6 groups with 10 samples in each. Group I – Canals were filled with gutta-percha and MTA Fillapex; Group II – MTA Fillapex + SiTiO2 NPs (1.5% wt); Group III– MTA Fillapex + SiTiO2 NPs (3.5% wt);Group IV – GP and Bio-C;Group V – Bio-C + SiTiO2 NPs (1.5% wt); Group VI ¬– Bio-C + SiTiO2 NPs (3.5% wt) and incubated for 7 days, each tooth was split into 2 halves longitudinally. One half was used for microbiological analysis to determine the colony-forming unit (CFU)/mL, and the other half was used for microscopic analysis to determine the percentage of live bacteria.One way ANOVA test and Tukey's posthoc test were used to assess the antimicrobial effect of Si dopedTio2 NPs on different sealers. Results: All experimental groups showed significant reductions in CFUs. The addition of Si doped Tio2 NPs to BC and MF significantly reduced the CFUs compared with the unmodified sealer. MF with SiTio2 NPs showed higher bacterial viability compared with BC with SiTio2 NPs at 7 days of incubation periods. Conclusion: Loading endodontic sealers with Si Doped Tio2 NPS has a material-dependent effect on the antimicrobial properties and could reduce the incidence of secondary infections.
Reg. No. 112
Category: Original Research
Nano-computed tomography assessment of removal of gutta-percha and bioceramic sealer from curved root canals using Edge-File XR retreatment files
Sindhuja Srirama
Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
The non-surgical root canal treatment, facilitates thorough removal of the already existing obturating material as remnants, if present, decreases the efficacy of the irrigating solutions and diminishes the penetrability of the new obturating material, negatively impacting the success of the re-treatment. Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of EdgeFile XR in removing gutta-percha and bioceramic sealer from curved root canals. Materials and Methods: Freshly extracted Mandibular molars with moderately curved roots were selected and matched based on similar anatomic features of the canal using Nano-Computed Tomography. The samples were initially instrumented with ProTaper Universal and obturated with gutta percha in single cone technique using AH Plus sealer (Group A) and Bioceramic sealer (Group B) respectively. The groups were subdivided as follows: Group A1 - ProTaper Universal Retreatment files -AH Plus sealer, Group A2 - EdgeFile XR files -AH Plus sealer, Group B1- ProTaper Universal Retreatment files- Bioroot RCS sealer, Group B2 - EdgeFile XR files - Bioroot RCS sealer. The root canal filling of the samples in the Groups were removed accordingly and confirmed under Dental Operating Microscope. Nano-CT assessment was scanned before and after retreatment. Post retreatment Nano-CT scanning was done to assess the volume of obturating material remaining in the root canal system. Statistical Analysis: Data collected will be compared using the appropriate test and tabulated. Results: Yet to be formulated. Conclusion: If the EdgeFile-XR system is found to be effective, it can be used as a Retreatment Files for failed endodontic cases obturated with bioceramic sealer.
Reg. No. 113
Category: Systematic Review
Effect of root conditioning technique on periodontal healing prior to replantation – A systematic review
Athira Ajith Kumar
Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Background: Literature evidences suggest that the process of conditioning root surfaces of avulsed teeth prior to its replantation into the alveolar bone socket has a positive effect on maintaining the periodontal cell viability, enhancing reattachment of the periodontal fibres to the socket wall. This step in the management of avulsed tooth tends to reduce the risk of replantation resorption and root ankylosis to the socket, thus increasing the treatment outcome of replanted teeth. Aim: The aim of this systematic review is to assess the effect of root conditioning on the periodontal healing of avulsed teeth when surface conditioned prior to its replantation into the alveolar socket. Methods: An electronic search will be done on PubMed, Google scholar, Scopus, EMBASE databases to identify articles on Root conditioning agents for replantation of avulsed teeth. A combination of the following key words will be used and modified to suit the particular database: root conditioning agents, avulsion and replantation. PICOS: The Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome and Study designs (PICOS) strategy used for the above research question is as follows: Population: Replanted permanent human teeth, Intervention/ Comparison: Root conditioning with root conditioning agents prior to replantation, Outcomes: Periodontal healing after replantation. Study Design: Case reports, case series, case control studies, cohort studies, randomised clinical trials, cross sectional studies. Results: The results of this systematic review will be formulated presented in the conference. Conclusion: The evidences obtained from this systematic review, if found beneficial, can be used in clinical practice and thus help clinicians to provide a better treatment.
Reg. No. 116
Category: Original Research
Solution or Gel?
Sonali Sapra
National Dental College and Hospital, Dera Bassi, Punjab, India
Context: Primary goal of an endodontic therapy is to eradicate bacteria from the root canal system. Dentinal tubules according to studies contain around 70% of these bacteria and 65% of this bacterial content persists even after root canal instrumentation and disinfection. Thus, maximum disinfection of dentinal tubules is important and for that penetration of irrigants into it is a foremost necessity. Naocl is the oldest, higly effective and most common irrigant used but overflow during endodontic treatment can cause diverse exacerbations. Thus, formulation of Naocl in gel can be helpful and thus introduced. Also, to aid the effectiveness of irrigants use of different activation systems have also come to role especially sonic and ultrasonic activation being easily available and cost effective. Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate the dentinal tubule penetration of two formulation of Naocl that is solution and gel with passive ultrasonic irrigation using confocal. Materials and Methods: 30 human extracted premolar teeth will be taken. Decoronated and prepared using niti rotary protaper gold files. Then divided into 2 groups group 1 – naocl solution with passive ultrasonic irrigation, group 2 – Naocl gel with passive ultrasonic irrigation. Rhodamine dye will be used to label the Naocl and dentinal penetration will be checked using confocal laser microscope. Statistical Analysis: Result and conclusion will be obtained once the study is complete.
Reg. No. 117
Category: Original Research
Dead men do even tell filled tales
Shaik Sana, Kolli Tejaswi Chowdary
Mamatha Dental College, Khammam, Telangana, India
Background: Dental identification of deceased individual is a core task in forensic dentistry. The accurate recording of clinical procedures has become more important over time because of the increasing trends of lawsuits worldwide. Advances in imaging, root canal anatomy and restorative materials have been consistently emerging in present research and practice. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to provide an update on interrelationship between restorative dentistry and forensic personal identification. Aim: To observe the effects of predetermined incineration temperatures (400? and 800?) on unrestored and restored teeth with different restorative materials, and its effect on length of tooth and volume of the pulp under Stereomicroscope and CBCT. Materials and Methods: 48 extracted premolar teeth were divided into 2 groups based on predetermined temperatures and subdivided into 4 groups based on restorative material used. Group i- unrestored teeth, Group ii- class I Amalgam restoration, Group iii- class I Amalgomer restoration, Group iv- class I Cention restoration. Antemortem and postmortem records were compared using Stereomicroscope and CBCT. Results: Teeth exposed to incineration at different temperatures will be analyzed under Stereomicroscope and CBCT.
Reg. No. 118
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Natural implant – A break through to implant era!!
Keerthana Nagadolla
Anil Neerukonda Institute of Dental Sciences, Bheemunupatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
Tooth auto transplantation is defined as the transplantation of unerupted or erupted teeth in the same individual, from one site to another. It is an accepted and predictable procedure for the replacement of missing teeth. Digital technology has been progressively introduced into this therapy to enhance both treatment planning and surgery, which allow the clinician to prepare the recipient site without the need of the donor tooth itself, thereby minimizing further complications. As its part, surgical planning software enables the design and manufacture of a 3-dimensional (3D)-printed surgical template for guided preparation of the recipient socket during surgery, as used in dental implants. Tooth manipulation during surgery and its extraoral time may damage the PDL surface, leading to postoperative complications, such as root resorption and attachment loss, these complications aimed to overcome by using PRF in artificially prepared sockets, and coating EMDOGAIN, on root surface to ensure attachment. The aim of this case series was to present a new protocol for tooth auto transplantation based on full virtual planning and a milled, sleeveless, multi drilling axis surgical guide.
Reg. No. 119
Category: Original Research
Evaluation of antimicrobial efficacy of chemically synthesized silver nano dispersion combined with various intracanal medicaments on Enterococcus faecalis – An in vitro study
Mandala Venkata Rajesh, J. Chinmay
Anil Neerukonda Institute of Dental Sciences, Bheemunupatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
Aim: Chemical synthesis of silver nanoparticles and evaluating its antimicrobial efficacy as a catalyst combined with various intracanal medicaments against Enterococcus faecalis by antimicrobial disc diffusion method. Methodology: Chemical synthesis of Silver Nano dispersion by reacting sodium borohydride with silver nitrate at specific molarity by magnetic stirring in ice bath for one hundred minutes. Silver Nanoparticles in the dispersion is confirmed by SEM imaging of the obtained Silver Nano dispersion. Comparison of antibacterial efficacy of Calcium hydroxide, Grossman antibiotic and Triple antibiotic intracanal medicaments alone and combined with Silver Nano dispersion by placing paper disks saturated with these antimicrobial agents on MH blood agar plate previously inoculated with ATCC 29212 Enterococcus faecalis strain, and later measuring the presence or absence of zone of inhibition around the disks at 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours and 7 days. Results: Chemical synthesis of silver nanoparticles confirmed by SEM imaging and antimicrobial study is in progress.
Reg. No. 122
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of fracture resistance of Edelweiss post and Glass fiber post in endodontically treated teeth, an in-vitro study
Tejas Premraj Banarase
Vidarbha Youth Welfare Society Dental College and Hospital, Amravati, Maharashtra, India
Context: Endodontically treated teeth often present with compromised crown structure, which need full coronal restoration along with post and core restorations, Hence successful outcome of pulp treated permanent teeth needs proper rehabilitation. Aim of Study: To determine fracture resistance of edelweiss post and glass fiber post in endodontically treated teeth. Materials and Methods: 1) Total 30 orthodontically extracted single rooted mandibular premolar with single straight canal will be taken for experiment. 2) Then teeth will be categorised into 3 groups namely, a) Edelweiss post group b) Glass fiber group c) Control group, 3) Then teeth will be decoronated at CEJ and working length will be adjusted of 14 mm to all the teeth. 4) Then teeth will be subjected to root canal treatment and obturated with gutta percha. 5) Then post space preparation will be done by peeso reamer and leaving of 4 mm apical gutta percha, 6) Core will be build up at height of 4 mm with dual cure adhesive cement. 7) In edelweiss post, post space preparation will be done with drills, then etching and bonding will be done, 8) Post and core cementation will be done using dual cure adhesive cement. 9) Then a compressive load will be applied using universal testing machine and fracture force will be measured in Mpa. Results: The study results will be discussed in conference.
Reg. No. 124
Category: Original Research
Efficacy of two instrument retrieval techniques in removing rotary NiTi and reciprocating NiTi files in mandibular molars
S. Jitesh
Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Context: The optimal management of separated instrument includes retrieval of fractured instruments with minimum complications and adequate cleaning and shaping of the root canal space. Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of staging platform technique and burrow platform technique in retrieval of separated rotary and reciprocating file in mandibular molars. Methodology: Freshly extracted mandibular molars with patent and moderately curved canals in the apical third of the root will be used. The samples will be equally distributed into two groups - Group 1 – Staging platform, Group 2 – Burrow platform. Each group is further sub divided into Subgroup A – Rotary (Protaper Gold) and Subgroup B – Reciprocation (WaveOne Gold). The samples were matched based on the similar anatomic features of the canal using Pre-op CBCT. Instruments to be tested will be then notched to half the instrument thickness with a diamond disk at 6 mm from the tip. The file will be then introduced into the canal, and rotated until it separates. Retrieval of the fractured instrument will be done using the burrow technique or staging platform technique. Post op CBCT will be taken to evaluate the change in volume, material loss and time taken. Statistical Analysis: Data collected will be compared using appropriate test and tabulated. Results: Results are yet to be obtained. Conclusions: From the above study if the staging platform technique and burrow platform technique are successful in retrieval of separated rotary and reciprocating file then it can be effectively used in clinical practice.
Reg. No. 127
Category: Original Research
Accuracy of endodontic working length determination using different methods (CBCT, RVG and electronic apex locater) – An in vivo study
Anamika Pandey, Vasundhara Bhuwal
Rungta College of Dental Sciences and Research, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India
Background: Determination of the correct working length is clinically very important to perform accurate root canal treatment. Overestimation of the endodontic working length may cause over instrumentation of the root canals, whereas underestimation of the working length may result in insufficient root canal preparation. The correct working length that is distance of coronal reference point to apical constriction is one of the most critical step in root canal treatment. Aim: The aim of this clinical study is to evaluate and compare the accuracy of working length determination using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), digital radiograph RVG-5200 and electronic apex locator (Root zx mini). Materials and Methods: Thirty single rooted teeth of patients requiring endodontic treatment of age group 18-35 will be selected. After administrating local anaesthesia, endodontic access cavities will be prepared under rubber dam isolation .The cusp or incisal edges of teeth will be flattened with diamond rotary instrument to obtain reference point for all measurements. The glide path will achieved by advancing the #10 k file and the working length will be confirmed using RVG, root zx mini and CBCT. The differences in all measurements will be compared using appropriate statistics. Statistical Analysis and Results: Study undergoing.
Reg. No. 128
Category: Original Research
The comparison of different mouth washes on sorption and solubility of two restorative material – An in vitro study
Aishwarya Axanti
PMNM Dental College and Hospital, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India
The aim of the study is to evaluate the sorption and solubility of two restorative materials in three different mouth wash. Materials and Methods: The specimens will be randomly divided into two groups with 15 samples in each group After measuring weight of the samples before immersion (m1) using digital analytical scale, 5 specimens from each group are immersed in the mouth wash and grouped as Subgroup 1: colgate max fresh, Subgroup 2:Himalaya hiora, Subgroup 3: chlohex for seven days. Then the weight after immersion (m2) and the weight after final drying (m3) are determined using the same digital analytical scale and values are estimated using the Oysaed and Ruyter formula. The specimens will be treated as follows: Group 1 - Composite (15 n), Group 2 –GIC (15 n), Three sub groups each group (1).Colgate max fresh (5 n), (2) Himalaya Hiora (5 n), (3) Chlohex (5 n). The data were analyzed using two way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test. Results will be tabulated and appropriate conclusion will be done.
Reg. No. 130
Category: Original Research
Evaluation and comparison of the microhardness of enamel after bleaching with mcinnes solution and antivet bleaching agents and post bleaching calcium hydroxide apllication – An in vitro study
C. U. Tippu Thimmaiah
PMNM Dental College and Hospital, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India
The purpose of the study will be evaluate and compare the microhardness of enamel after the application of McInnes solution and Antivet bleaching agent and post bleaching calcium hydroxide application. Materials and Methods: Twenty freshly extracted teeth will be decoronated and divided mesiodistally into two halves will be randomly divided into five groups with 10 samples in each group. The enamel surface was treated as follows: Group 1 no treatment (control), Group 2 – McInnes solution, Group 3 – Antivet bleaching agent, Group 4 – Calcium hydroxide application post bleaching, The samples will subjected to indentation to test the microhardness using Vicker's hardness analyzer. Results will be tabulated and appropriate conclusion will be done.
Reg. No. 131
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of fracture strength of fibrafill cube, polyethelene fiber, bulkfill composite in class I cavity – An in vitro study
Gauri Santosh Kadam
Yogita Dental College and Hospital, Vetalwadi, Maharashtra, India
Background: Tooth coloured restorative materials for the restoration of decayed posterior teeth are gaining popularity over the years. These materials have undergone number of advancement and improvements in recent years to enhance their physical properties and diversify their use as a restorative material relevant to clinical practice. Aim: To evaluate and compare the fracture resistance of advanced restorative materials, namely fibrafill cube, a polyethelene fiber, bulkfill composite in a Class I Cavity. Materials and Methods: Forty-five intact, caries-free human maxillary premolar teeth extracted for orthodontic purposes were selected. Class I cavities were prepared using tungsten carbide bur and straight fissure bur.The dimension of the cavities were such that the width of cavity was one third of intercuspal distance and depth of cavity was 2 mm. After etching and bonding the teeth were randomly divided into group of three of 15 each.Group I was restored with fibrafill cube; Group II with polyethelene fiber; Group III with bulkfill composite. Fracture resistance was recorded for all samples using a universal testing machine. Statistical Analysis: Data was analyzed with One-way Anova Test and Post Hoc Tukey Test. Results: Results will be displayed later. Conclusion: Conclusion will be displayed later.
Reg. No. 132
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of effect of antioxidant sodium ascorbate and new homeopathic agent on the pushout bond strength of fibre post to root dentin treated with and without LASER: In vitro study
Oshin Anil Baghel
Yogita Dental College and Hospital, Vetalwadi, Maharashtra, India
Context: The Fibre post most frequently fails at adhesive interface between resin cement and dentin. Aim: Comparative evaluation of effect of antioxidant sodium ascorbate and new homeopathic agent on the pushout bond strength of fibre post to root dentin treated with and without LASER: In vitro study. Materials and Methods: Extracted hundred (100) single rooted teeth were collected and endodontically treated irrigants with 2 ml NaOCl and 0.5 ml of 17% EDTA for 3 min. After obturation post spaces were prepared. The specimens were divided into 5 groups (n=20) and post spaces were irrigated; G1= normal saline 8 ml for 2 min, G2=10% Sodium ascorbate 8 ml for 2 min, G3= Hypericum perforatum 8 ml for 2 min, G4= Laser with 10% Sodium ascorbate 8 ml for 2 min, G5= Laser with Hypericum perforatum 8 ml for 2 min. The post spaces were dried with absorbent paper points. Bonding agent was applied in the post space and posts were luted. The teeth underwent thermocycling for a week and from each sample 2 mm thick horizontal slices were obtained from apical, middle and cervical third of root. The pushout bond strength test was carried out using Universal testing machine. Statistical Analysis: The data was statistically analysed using Student's Unpaired “t” and ANOVA test. Results: Will be displayed later. Conclusion: Will be displayed later.
Reg. No. 133
Category: Original Research
Retreatment a new boon to endodontics
Mandira Kamble
Saraswati Danwantri Dental College and Hospital, Parbhani, Maharashtra, India
Endodontic failure is described as condition wherein clinically the treated tooth is symptomatic, and periapical lesion that appears subsequent to endodontic treatment radiographically. These failures occur due to the factors such as access related, missed canals, access cavity perforations, instrumentation related, ledge formation, separated instruments, foreign objects, and obturation related due to coronal leakage. Thus, to eliminate failure and to achieve successful outcome, endodontic retreatment could be performed either by nonsurgical endodontic retreatment or through periradicular surgery. Currently, failure rate is about 14%–16% after initial root canal treatment. This NSERT is an attempt to re-establish healthy periapical tissues. It requires regaining access to the root canal system by removing the obturating material followed by three dimensional cleaning, shaping, disinfection and obturation. Complete removal of obturating material exposes the necrotic tissue remnant that may be responsible for the persistent disease. Removal of gutta-percha and root canal sealer would help in maximizing the ability to disinfect the root canal system. The different methods used for the removal of obturating material are chemical (chloroform, xylene, eucalyptol, orange oil, tetrachloroethylene, methoxyflurane, cinnamon oil, halothane, isoflurane, anise oil, almond oil, and turpentine oil), mechanical (hand and rotary endodontic files), physical (ultrasonic, heat, and laser), and finally, combination techniques (heat and endodontic files, endodontic files and chemicals, Paper points, and chemicals).
Reg. No. 134
Category: Original Research
What hates calcium – EDTA or MTAD?
Ivneet Kaur
National Dental College, Dera Bassi, Punjab, India
Context: As the saying goes, “INSTRUMENTS SHAPE, IRRIGANTS CLEAN”. Irrigation becomes an integral part of root canal debridement because it allows for cleaning beyond what might be achieved by root canal instrumentation alone. Chelating agents aid in root canal irrigation and remove the inorganic smear layer. But, they can alter dentin's chemical composition and change the calcium/phosphate ratio, which affects the permeability, solubility, and interaction with the materials used for obturation and coronal restorations. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid helps in the removal of the smear layer. But it is chemically synthesized, being overused, and is considered one of the major organic pollutants discharged in water. Because of this, an alternative agent for smear layer removal is warranted. MTAD- a solution of antibiotic, acid, and detergent also results in effective debridement. Aim: Assessment of the effect of 17% EDTA & MTAD on calcium ion loss of radicular dentin: An in vitro study. Materials and Methods: 30 extracted premolar teeth were decoronated, and roots were split longitudinally into two halves. 60 specimens were randomly divided into 4 groups: Group 1 - distilled water, Group 2 - 17% EDTA, and Group 3 - MTAD, Group 4 – 17% EDTA+MTAD. Samples were immersed in the test solutions for specific time intervals, solution samples were subjected to evaluate the amount of calcium ion released by the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Statistical Analysis, Results, and Conclusion: Will be obtained once the study is complete.
Reg. No. 135
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of the efficacy of gutta percha removal from curved root canals by Mani GPR, MTWO and XP-Endo finisher R retreatment system – A spiral computed tomography study
V. Bhavana
Sri Sai Collage of Dental Surgery, Vikarabad, Telangana, India
Context: Retreatment of the root canals with variations in morphology is a constant challenge for endodontists. Hence need arises for newer retreatment systems to overcome these challenges. Aim: To evaluate and compare the efficacy of gutta-percha removal from root canal by Mani Gutta Percha Remover (GPR), XP Endo Finisher R and Mtwo retreatment system with standard chemo-mechanical removal using Spiral Computed Tomography. Materials and Methods: Sixty extracted human permanent molars with curved canals were used, Cleaning and shaping was done using Protaper files and obturated with Gutta-percha and Sealapex sealer. Spiral CT imaging was taken to know the volume of the obturating material and canals were divided into four groups of 15 each, according to retreatment technique followed, Group I – H-files & Xylene, Group II – MANI GPR, Group III – Mtwo retreatment files & xylene and Group IV – XP Endo shaper and Endo finisher R file. After removal of gutta percha by retreatment file systems, second spiral CT was done and the volume of remaining obturating material in each tooth was estimated. Statistical Analysis: Data was statistically evaluated using One way ANOVA and unpaired t test, for comparisons among groups using SPSS 21.0 software. Results: There was statistically significant difference between the four groups. XP Endo Finisher R system showed greatest efficacy in removal of obturating material compared with other three groups. Conclusion: Newly introduced XP Endo Finisher retreatment files removed significantly high amount of obturating material from the curved root canals.
Reg. No. 137
Category: Original Research
Usage of final irrigating solutions – A crucial step?
S. Merularini
Karpaga Vinayaga Institute of Dental Sciences, Padalam, Tamil Nadu, India
Background: The goal of successful endodontic therapy requires complete three dimensional shaping, cleaning and filling of root canal. Aim: The aim of the study is to comparatively evaluate the effect of final irrigating solutions on penetration depth of resin-based sealers into the dentinal tubules. Materials and Methods: 24 mandibular premolars were decoronated and instrumented upto size 30 and randomly divided into two groups. Group A (n=12):5.25% NaOCl +17% EDTA. Group B (n=12): Twin Kleen solution. Adseal (Meta biomed, Korea) resin sealer was labelled with fluorescent rhodamine B dye and obturated. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to examine the sections taken 2, 5 and 8 mm from apex. Images were exported to image J software to determine the sealer penetration depth. Statistical Analysis: Independent t test and one way-ANOVA Results: The results were statistically significant and Maximum depth of sealer penetration was seen in Twin Kleen in all the sections when compared with NaOCl +EDTA.
Reg. No. 138
Category: Original Research
Influence of cervical lesion centered access cavity on post operative endodontic pain and quality of life – A pilot study
G. Aravind
Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Background: Moving away from traditional access cavity designs a relatively new concept of Cervical Lesion Centered Access cavity (CeLeCAC) is becoming popular wherein approach to root canal is through cervical lesion thereby preserving residual coronal dentin. Aim: (1) To report post operative pain following single visit root canal treatment of (CeLeCAC) preparations performed on premolar teeth, (2) To determine the outcome of treatment through follow up at 3 months, 6 months and 1 year. (3) To calculate the Quality of Life (QoF) using Oral health impact profile questionnaire (OHIP-14). Materials and Methods: If cervical caries is present, it will be completely excavated. Under rubber dam isolation, access opening will be done from cervical aspect using tapered fissure bur and water coolant under local anaesthesia. Working length will be determined, cleaning and shaping will be done using Hyflex GPF and Hyflex CM files. Obturation will be done with gutta percha and bioceramic root canal sealer using lateral compaction technique. The access cavity will be sealed with Ever-X Posterior composite, followed by 2 mm of hybrid composite. Post-op pain at 12, 24, 48 & 72 hrs will be calculated. QoF will be calculated using OHIP-14 index. Statistical Analysis: The intergroup analysis will be done using Kruskal-wallis and incidence and intensity of pain will be calculated using chi-square test. Results: Intensity, incidence of post-operative pain and overall quality of life will be calculated using the above-mentioned methods. Conclusion: CeLeCAC may be considered as a viable option as compared to conventional access in case of single rooted premolars.
Reg. No. 139
Category: Original Research
Evaluation of dentin thickness and pulp space width radiographically for different age groups
Krishna Biyani
Rural Dental College, Loni, Maharashtra, India
Aim: Measure the thickness of dentin and width of pulp space radiographically for different age groups. Methodology: Non-pathological mandibular molars with closed apices will be evaluated radiographically using the orthopantomogram. The dentin thickness and pulp space width will be measured at different levels and recorded by using orthopantomogram. The dentin thickness and pulp space width will be measured coronally at different points. For coronal area– from Furcation and cervical area. The study will be categorized into three age groups; 15-29 years, 30-44 years and 45-59 years old. Whatever thickness obtained later it will be analysed. Results: Results will be analysed later statistically by ANOVA test.
Reg. No. 140
Category: Original Research
Comparison of fracture strength of endodontically treated teeth with different access cavity designs
Riya Sonawane
Rural Dental College, Loni, Maharashtra, India
Aim: The aim of this study was to compare in vitro the fracture strength of root-filled and restored teeth with traditional endodontic cavity, conservative endodontic cavity, ultraconservative ninja endodontic cavity and ultraconservative truss endodontic cavity access. Materials and Methods: 30 extracted intact maxillary premolars were selected and assigned to control (intact teeth), traditional endodontic cavity, conservative endodontic cavity, ultraconservative ninja endodontic cavity and ultraconservative truss endodontic cavity groups (n=6/group). Teeth in the traditional endodontic cavity group were prepared following the principles of traditional endodontic cavities. Conservative endodontic cavity access, ninja endodontic cavity access, truss endodontic cavity access were plotted on cone beam computed tomographic images. Then, teeth were endodontically treated and restored. The specimens were then loaded to fracture in a Universal testing machine. The maximum load at fracture was recorded. Statistical Analysis: Statistical analysis will be done by descriptive statistics as mean, standard deviation and proportion. Results: The data will be tabulated and the results will be analyzed by Student's unpaired t test and ANOVA.
Reg. No. 141
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Conserving a tooth in esthetic way: A case series
Varshika Soni
Hitkarini Dental College and Hospital, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
Esthetics are the main concern for everyone in today's world. Increase in the incidences of dental caries is a significant worldwide oral health problem nowadays. Despite the ever evolving ways of restoring the caries on proximal surface, this kind of restoration still remains a tedious task for the dentists. Resin-based composite materials have been used to restore these cavities as they meet the esthetic demand of the patient. In spite of the better esthetics, it has been proven that proximal contact of composite restorations may deteriorate overtime. Owing to the technological advancements, ceramics have replaced composites as a restorative material in the fabrication of indirect inlays and onlays on posterior teeth because of their proven esthetic, physical and mechanical properties. The development of digital dentistry has tremendously revolutionized the way restorative procedures are performed today.CAD/CAM is an integral part of modern dentistry since its inception in 1980 s. The technology & materials used with it are continuously evolving. Use of proper technique & attention to detail are essential in the treatment planning, tooth preparation, scanning and bonding the restoration, which ultimately results into a perfectly contoured life like restoration. Improved mechanical retention, better marginal integrity and enhanced aesthetics are few of the advantages of CAD/CAM over conventional indirect restorative techniques. The current paper demonstrates the case series where the restorative needs of the patient were fulfilled with the help of CAD/CAM technology.
Reg. No. 142
Category: Original Research
Effect of biofilm on coronal dentin from non-diabetic patients: An in-vitro pilot study
Kirtana Gopalasamy
Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of multi-species biofilm on fatigue strength of coronal dentin from non diabetic patients. Methodology: 10 dentin beams with rectangular cross-section were sectioned from the coronal portion of extracted mandibular molars of Non-Diabetic patients and 5 beams were exposed to an in-vitro microcosm biofilm model. The beams were loaded in either quasi-static 4-point flexure or 4-point flexural fatigue to failure and the stiffness, strength and fatigue properties were evaluated. Based on the strength distribution, the fatigue strength of coronal tissue from non-diabetic donor teeth was evaluated via cyclic flexure loading. The microstructure and chemical composition of coronal dentin were evaluated as a function of distance from the root apex using microscopy and Raman spectroscopy, respectively. Results: According to the fatigue life distributions, dentin exposed to the biofilm model showed a reduction in the fatigue strength when compared to the control dentin samples without biofilm. Conclusion: Exposing coronal dentin to oral biofilm combined with cyclic loading resulted in a significant reduction of the fatigue resistance compared to the dentin not exposed to oral biofilm.
Reg. No. 149
Category: Original Research
An in-vitro evaluation of effectiveness of four different antioxidants on the shear bond strength of bleached enamel to dental composites
Anjali Gurnani
Triveni Institute of Dental Sciences Hospital and Research Centre, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India
Context: Antioxidants helps in improving the compromised bond strength bleached enamel to dental composites. Aim: Evaluation of effectiveness of four different antioxidants on the shear bond strength of bleached enamel to dental composites. An in-vitro study. Materials and Methods: 120 extracted human permanent maxillary central incisor teeth were used. Labial teeth enamel were bleached with 37.5% Hydrogen peroxide (Pola Office - Tooth whitening system) and were randomly divided into Six groups (Four Experimental and Two Control groups) with 20 specimens per group. Experimental group is divided into Group A;10% Alpha-tocopherol solution, Group B;10% Sodium ascorbate solution, Group C;10% Sodium ascorbate gel, Group D;10% Grape seed extract solutions were used as antioxidants on the bleached enamel. Positive control; teeth were bleached, but no antioxidants were used. Negative control; teeth not bleached and no antioxidants were used. Composite resin restorations were done in all specimens. Universal testing machine was used to measure the shear bond strength of composite restorations to the tooth surface. Statistical Analysis: One-way analysis of variance [ANOVA] and Tukey's post-hoc tests were used. Results: No statistically significant difference in the shear bond strength values (P value >0.05) were seen in the inter-group comparison between 10% Sodium ascorbate solution and Positive control, 10% Sodium ascorbate gel and 10% Grape seed extract solution used as antioxidants. Conclusion: 10% Sodium ascorbate gel used as antioxidant showed the maximum shear bond strength of dental composites to the bleached enamel and 10% Sodium ascorbate solution was found to be least effective as antioxidant.
Reg. No. 150
Category:
A comparative SEM investigation of smear layer produced by three rotary NiTi files with different cross sectional designs: An in vitro study
Aleti Voshishma
Government Dental College, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
Aim: Cleaning and shaping isthe most crucial step in endodontic therapy, it results in failure if improperly done. This particular step is based on the virtue of files used. Thus, present study was undertaken to compare and evaluate the cleaning efficacy among three different cross sectional NiTi rotary systems: Protaper, NeoEndo and EndoSequence. Materials and Methods: Sixty six human maxillary second premolars were taken for the study; divided into three groups: Group I: protaper files, Group II: neoendo files and Group III: endosequence files. Each group had 20 samples and 2 controls. 3%sodium hypochlorite solution was used for irrigation and 17% EDTA as final rinse to remove smear layer. SEM was used to compare debris and smear layer at 200X and 1000X magnification respectively. The results obtained were subjected to one way ANOVA, Kruskal Wallis and Bonferroni test. Results: Mean debris layer produced was less with EndoSequence (1.81 min) when compared to ProTaper (2.23) and Neoendo (2.61), which was statistically significant. Mean smear layer produced was found to be less with EndoSequence (2.09) when compared to ProTaper (2.59) and Neoendo (2.34), which was not statistically significant. Conclusion: EndoSequence files were proved better than ProTaper and Neoendo files in term of cleaning efficacy.
Reg. No. 152
Category: Original Research
Antibiofilm activity of Aegle marmelos and Acacia nilotica as irrigants against Enterococcus faecalis biofilm in endodontic therapy – An in vitro study
A. Subhashini
Karpaga Vinayaga Institute of Dental Sciences, Padalam, Tamil Nadu, India
Objectives: To assess 'Antibiofilm activity of Aegle marmelos and Acacia nilotica as irrigants against E. faecalis biofilm in endodontic therapy. Materials and Methods: Agar well diffusion, micro broth dilution assay were performed to determine the antibacterial activity. The antibacterial ability of the herbal extracts will be initially determined by the maximum zone of inhibition by mixing herbal powders in different solvents using disc diffusion assay and minimum inhibitory concentration using broth dilution assay. Results: Antibacterial activity was observed for the extracts of Acacia nilotica. Extracts of Aegle marmelos alone showed no antibacterial activity. Conclusion: The extracts of Acacia nilotica may replace conventional irrigant due to its antibacterial activity.
Reg. No. 154
Category: Original Research
Effect of occlusion on tooth strain – An in vivo pilot study
Sri Sai Saranya Koya
Panineeya Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Secunderabad, Telangana, India
Aim: This study aimed to evaluate strain alterations under occlusal load in teeth with premature contacts. Methodology: 5 patients with premature contacts between the ages 30 - 60 years were selected. After informed consent, all teeth were examined for occlusion in the centric and eccentric movements. The premature contacts were identified by marks on the articulation ribbon. The premature contacts were also recorded in eccentric movements including lateral movements in balancing and working sides and protrusion. Strain and bite force values of the test tooth and control tooth were recorded after instructing the patient to bite with maximal effort at the maximum intercuspation position before and after reduction of premature contacts. Results: The strain value was higher in teeth with premature contact when compared to control teeth. The strain values of test teeth were comparable to that of controls after removal of premature contacts. Conclusion: Elimination of premature contacts reduced tooth strain which can prevent cuspal fracture.
Reg. No. 155
Category: Original Research
Fencing against bacteria
Diksha Gupta
National Dental College and Hospital, Dera Bassi, Punjab, India
Context: The objective of root canal treatment is to eliminate microorganisms and necrotic pulp so as to save the tooth from further decay and restore it in proper form and function. The presence of bacteria in the root canal system is one of the main causes of persistent periapical disease. To prevent that, temporary and interim restorations are placed at the commencement of endodontic treatment after removal of all routes of bacterial ingress from the oral cavity until permanent restoration is done. Their main purpose is to provide a temporary barrier against bacterial entry into the tooth and also to prevent seepage of intracanal medicaments out of root canal system. This will ensure better prognosis of the endodontic treatment by preventing flare ups and reinfection of the root canal system. Aim: The aim of this study is to assess coronal bacterial penetration after placement of Cavit G and IRM temporary restorations in class II endodontic access cavities. Materials and Methods: 30 extracted molars will be taken. Standardized endodontic access preparations with mesial boxes will be made. The teeth will be divided into two groups. A Universal matrix system will be placed over each tooth before restoration. Marginal leakage will be evaluated with Stereomicroscope after the teeth will be immersed in artificial saliva, colored with 2% methylene blue and buffered to neutral pH, at 37 °C after thermal cycling, at 7th day. Statistical Analysis, Results and Conclusion: Will be obtained after completion of the study.
Reg. No. 156
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of fluoride release and re-release of different restorative materials
Anchita Lavania
Maharana Pratap College of Dentistry and Research Centre, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India
Fluoride is a well acknowledged anticariogenic agent used in dentistry. In this study, four restorative materials are compared on the basis of fluoride release & re-release by measuring on ion meter with ion selective electrode for fluoride. The results are awaited.
Reg. No. 157
Category: Original Research
Current trends in vital pulp therapy in permanent teeth in India – A knowledge, attitude and practice-based survey
Hemalatha P. Balasubramanian
Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Background: Vital pulp therapy (VPT) techniques are means of preserving the vitality and function of the dental pulp after injury resulting from trauma, caries, or restorative procedures. VPT procedures have traditionally included indirect or direct pulp capping, and partial or complete pulpotomy. Aim: The aim of this survey is to assess the current practice and use of vital pulp therapy procedures and materials among dentists in India. Materials and Methods: This survey will be carried out after obtaining approval from Institutional Ethical Committee. A questionnaire will be designed by an endodontic resident and endodontist. Survey will contain demographic questions, knowledge-based questions, questions on attitude and questions on practice of VPT. After drafting the questionnaire, it will be sent to senior Conservative dentists and Endodontists for content validation. Based on their suggestions, appropriate corrections will be made. An invitation to participate in this survey will be sent through electronic mail or messaging applications to dentists across India and their responses will be recorded. The questionnaire will be developed using google form and the collected data will be stored in the excel format in the backend until further analysis. Statistical Analysis: Appropriate statistical analysis will be performed. Results: Results are yet to be drawn. Conclusion: This survey will help us find out the knowledge, attitude and practice of VPT among dentists in India.
Reg. No. 159
Category: Original Research
Evaluation of different occlusal veneers in endodontically treated teeth: An in vitro study
Kushal Kumar Ghosh
Guru Nanak Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Khardaha, West Bengal, India
The restoration of endodontically treated posterior teeth is considered vital in determining the prognosis of the treated tooth. Fractures are more common in endodontically treated teeth due to extensive loss of tooth structure. It has been a dilemma to select an appropriate restorative procedure that could result in achieving considerable success. Hence the aim of the study is to evaluate the compressive strength of post endodontically restored teeth with direct and indirect occlusal veneer. Mandibular molars free of cracks and similar buccolingual and mesiodistal widths is taken and cleaned and stored in 10% neutral buffered formalin solution. Access cavity preparation was done in all experimental teeth maintaining 1.2–1.5 mm diameter of tooth structure around the circumference to mimic the structural loss of teeth due to the extent of dental caries. Group 1 consists of intact teeth which were assigned as control, Group 2 consists of nano composite reinforced with fibre splint, Group 3 consists of indirect composite occlusal veneer, Group 4 consists of ceramic occlusal veneer. All the experimental teeth are subjected to compressive stress using a universal testing machine. The results of the study were evaluated statistically using the Kruskal–Wallis test.
Reg. No. 160
Category: Original Research
Comparison of cuspal deflection and microleakage in Class 2 restoration after restored with nano composite and bulk fill composite resin
Abhijit Ghosh
Guru Nanak Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Khardaha, West Bengal, India
Aim: Comparative evaluation of cuspal deflection and microleakage in Class 2 composite restoration after restored with Nanocomposite and Bulk fill composite resin.
Objective: To compare the cuspal deflection and microleakage in class 2 restoration after restored with Nanocomposite (Filtek Z 350 XT, 3M) and Bulkfill composite resin (Filtek Bulkfill, 3M). Materials and Methods: A total of 20 (n=20) freshly extracted human maxillary 1st premolar teeth were selected. All the samples were embedded 3 mm beneath the CEJ in self cure acrylic resin block. Small glass beads were fixed with X-Flow on the buccal & palatal cusp as reference point. Buccopalatal width will be measured with a Digital Micrometer Gauge.Standardized Class 2 MOD cavities prepared in all the samples with the following dimension: 2 mm width x 2 mm axial depth x 2 mm depth. Samples were then divided into two groups: Group A:Restored with Nanocomposite (Filtek Z 350 XT, 3M), Group B: Restored with Bulk fill composite (Filtek Bulkfill, 3M). Bucco palatal width were measured by Digital Micrometer Gauge, thereby cuspal deflection were measured. Samples were thermocycled and were immersed in 2 % methylene blue dye for 24 hours. Then the samples were sectioned vertically and mesiodistally and dye penetration were recorded under a stereomicroscope using a scoring system. Results: Result of the study is yet to be done.
Reg. No. 162
Category: Systematic Review
Standardization of antibacterial efficacy testing of endodontic sealers – Literature review
Rolly Shrivastava
Index Institute of Dental Sciences, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
The complete removal of the root canal biofilms is challenging due to the complex anatomy of the root canal system. Hence, residual microbes remaining at the obturation stage can have a significant effect on the outcome of endodontic treatment, leading to persisting infections. Microbial coronal leakage into obturated root canals may also cause reinfection and endodontic treatment failure. Root canal sealers seal the interface between the obturating core and root canal dentine, and fill the structural voids within the obturation material. Sealers exhibiting antimicrobial action may further aid in the reduction of residual and incoming microbes, thereby improving the endodontic treatment outcome. However, the design of meaningful tests to confirm antimicrobial properties of endodontic sealers faces challenges because of the complexity of the oral biofilm and variable material properties. Furthermore, owing to practical reasons, such tests need to be performed in vitro. Hence, there is a need for establishing a standardised protocol to evaluate the ability of endodontic sealers to exert bacteriostatic and/or bacteriocidal effects. At present antimicrobial properties of sealers have been investigated using the direct contact test (DCT) and single species biofilm models. Multi- species biofilm model, is better representative of the complex polymicrobial biofilm. Also, quantitative viable counts and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) analysis with live/dead staining have been advocated for the same. The aim of this review is to define basic requirements for sample preparation, selection of bacterial strains, test methods, assessment, and reporting of results for evaluating the antimicrobial efficacy of endodontic sealers.
Reg. No. 166
Category: Original Research
Evaluation of antimicrobial efficacy against Enterococcus faecalis with three different intracanal medicaments
Rohit Kumar
Rama Dental College, Hospital and Research Centre, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
Aim of the study: To evaluate antimicrobial efficacy of calcium hydroxide paste, propolis paste and propolis with chitosan as local drug delivery system as intracanal medicaments against enterococcus faecalis. Outline of Methodology: A clinical trial with sample size of 27 carious single rooted permanent teeth in patients of age group above 18 to 58 years with deep caries and diagnosed as irreversible pulpitis, of which 9 teeth were considered each for group I (calcium hydroxide paste), group II (propolis paste) and group III (propolis with chitosan as local drug delivery system). During first visit sample S1 was collected with paper point no. 20 after using Sx hand file after access opening was done. Sample S2 was collected using paper point after completing the biomechanical preparation, based on grouping intracanal medicaments were placed and cavity was sealed with temporary restoration, after 7 days sample S3 was collected after removing the temporary restoration with help of paper points. To collect all sample paper points were left in canals for 1 minute. For culture of the samples Blood agar and MacConkey agar were used to check the CFU and bacterial viability. The obtained data was subjected to statistical analysis. Results: Awaiting.
Reg. No. 167
Category: Original Research
Evaluation of the effects of different chelating agents on the mineral content of root canal dentin: An in-vitro study
Pragya Singhal, Siddhi Alok Dhadda
Mahatma Gandhi Dental College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
Background: Main goal of endodontic treatment is to achieve disinfection before the filling process. To improve the removal of the smear layer in the canal, sodium hypochlorite is used with chelating agents. Aims: Evaluation of the effects of different chelating agents on the calcium loss of root canal dentin. Materials and Methods: Sixty-five single-rooted teeth were collected and decoronated. Working length was checked with a #10 K file introduced into the root canal until it becomes visible at the apex and was then pulled back by 1 mm. Biomechanical preparation was done in a crown-down fashion using the Hyflex CM rotary Ni-Ti system till apical preparation of 30.04. Canals were irrigated with chelating agents and sodium hypochlorite between each file insertion. Based on the type of chelating agents used, the samples were divided into five groups (n=13): Group A Sodium hypochlorite + Liquid EDTA; Group B: Sodium hypochlorite + EDTA + Chlorhexidine; Group C: Sodium hypochlorite + Etidronic Acid; Group D: Sodium hypochlorite + SmearClear; Group E (Control): Sodium hypochlorite + Distilled Water. The total volume of the solution was collected and calcium ion release was quantified using an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Statistical Analysis: One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was applied to see the statistical difference among the groups. Results: Higher release of calcium ions was observed in Group D followed by Group A, B, C, and E respectively. Conclusions: SmearClear showed significantly higher decalcifying capability. Hence, its combined use with an organic solvent can be recommended for efficient smear layer removal.
Reg. No. 168
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of diagnosis of artificially induced vertical root fracture in non root filled teeth using CBCT and dental operating microscope under different voxel sizes and resolution – An in vitro study
Rimjhim Jain
Mahatma Gandhi Dental College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
Background: Vertical root fracture (VRF) is an important threat to the tooth's prognosis during and after root canal treatment .so the “gold standard” for identification of a VRF would be either intracanal visualization of the fracture line using a dental operating microscope (2D) and CBCT (3D). Aim: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the diagnostic ability of CBCT and Dental operating microscope (DOM) of artificially induced vertical root fracture in non-root-filled teeth under different voxel sizes and resolutions. Materials and Methods: 42 single-rooted extracted teeth were collected, decoronated (14 mm of root length) from a cement-enamel junction, and randomly divided into 2 groups, one experimental (n=21) and one control (n=21). Both groups were analyzed by two observers using CBCT and DOM for vertical root fracture at apical (4 mm) at 0.090 mm, 0.630 mm voxel sizes, and x10, x25 magnifications. A Single score was obtained for each tooth in both groups. Statistical Analysis: Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank tests for paired data were performed for Intergroup comparison. Values of the inter-examiner agreement were calculated using Cronbach's alpha value. Results: The voxel size 0.090 mm showed a significantly higher diagnostic value among all groups i.e., voxel size 0.630 mm and 10x, 25x magnification The Interobserver reliability score was found more than 0.8 which shows an overall substantial to almost perfect agreement. Conclusion: CBCT (3D) imaging system with the smallest voxel sizes (0.090 mm) (with low radiation doses) compared to a Dental operating microscope (2D) is the most reliable method to detect VRFs.
Reg. No. 169
Category: Original Research
To evaluate the prevalence of middle mesial canal in mandibular first molars using cone beam computed tomography analysis
Aarushi Chopra, Shourya Kriti
Mahatma Gandhi Dental College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
Background: Variations in canal morphology of a tooth often presents with difficulty in endodontic therapy. Among these variations, the presence of middle mesial canal in mandibular first molar causes considerable difficulties in visualization, instrument access, and identification of true anatomy. Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of middle mesial canal in mandibular first molars using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) analysis. Methodology: The study population consisted of 1500 CBCT scans of mandibular first molars of the patients referred to Radiology Centers. The inclusion criteria comprised of images with small field of view (FOV)(60 × 60), and voxel size1 (V1) & images with high quality & resolution. Moreover, images with poor quality, root canal treated/calcified teeth, teeth with immature roots and large FOV were excluded. The sample size calculated was minimum 50 samples by simple random sampling at 95% confidence level and 0.05 error rates. The comparison was considered statistically significant at P < 0.05. Statistical Analysis: The data was analyzed using SPSS statistical software 23.0 version & by using Chi Square Test for qualitative data. Results: In the chosen 504 CBCT scans only 5 had middle mesial canals, amongst the females none had middle mesial canals, whereas in the males 1.7 percent and 1.4 percent were having middle mesial canal, as reported by observer 1 and 2 respectively. The overall prevalence of middle mesial canal was found to be 0.99 % and 0.80% respectively. Conclusion: The prevalence of the middle mesial canal was rather low in this study and further research is required.
Reg. No. 170
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of the effect of glide path creation with Nitiflex hand K-file, Proglider and Path file on canal transportation and concentricity in apically curved canals – An in-vitro study
Saloni Vijaywargiya, Avneet Kaur
Mahatma Gandhi Dental College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
Background: Maintenance of a glide path means having a smooth passage from canal orifice to radiographic terminus for effective root canal shaping and preventing procedural errors. The information regarding effect of various innovative manual and mechanical glide path files is scarce, therefore the study was conducted to investigate new aspects of the subject. Aim: To compare and evaluate the effect of glide path creation with Nitiflex hand K- file, Proglider and Path file on canal transportation and concentricity in apically curved canals. Materials and Methods: Forty ISO 20, 0.02 taper, Endo Training Blocks (Dentsply Maillefer) were acquired and divided into following four groups (n = 10): group A, Control group without glide path preparation; group B, Glide path preparation with Nitiflex hand-K file; Group C: Glide path preparation with Proglider file; Group D: Glide path preparation with Path files. In all the groups, combination of Hyflex EDM and CM file instrumentation was done after glide path creation. Pre- and post-instrumentation digital images were processed with Image J Version 1.8.0 software to identify the center of the canal, and then superimposed using Adobe Photoshop 7.0 software. Statistical Analysis: Unpaired/independent t test and One Way ANOVA were used for intergroup comparison of difference of mean scores. Results: Canal transportation was least in training blocks instrumented with Proglider file followed by combination of Hyflex EDM and CM file. Conclusion: Canal concentricity is better maintained after combination of Hyflex EDM and CM file instrumentation with a prior glide path established with Proglider file.
Reg. No. 171
Category: Original Research
Assessment of the prevalence and configuration of middle distal canals in the mandibular molars in an Indian subpopulation using cone-beam computed tomography
Ashutosh Kumar
Hitkarini Dental College and Hospital, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
Background: The knowledge of variations in root canal morphology is critical for a successful endodontic treatment. There are diverse cases in literature concerning the unusual anatomy of mandibular first molars. The prevalence of the middle distal (MD) canal in the mandibular molar is significantly low among countries including the USA, Spain, Turkey, Jordan and Saudi Arabian population as mentioned in literature. However, analysis of its prevalence and configuration has not been performed in Indian population using cone-beam computed tomography. Aim: The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence and configuration of the MD canal in Indian sub population using cone beam computed tomography. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of 130 cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images was performed to evaluate the presence of the MD canal in the patients between October 2021 and October 2022. The canal was examined if it was confluent with the distobuccal (DB) or distolingual (DL) canals, fin, or independent. Moreover, the distances from the MD canal to the DL and DB canals and cementoenamel junction (CEJ) were recorded. Statistical Analysis, Results and Conclusion: Since this is an ongoing study its results are awaited.
Reg. No. 172
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Endodontically treated teeth with fibre reinforced composite resins – A case series
Ridhima Gupta, Vaishali Moryani
Mahatma Gandhi Dental College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
Background: Restoration of structurally compromised endodontically treated teeth is a challenging procedure due to associated high risk of fracture compared to vital teeth. Traditional invasive restoration techniques of endodontically treated teeth with cast post and core followed by coronal prosthesis increases risk of tooth fragilization and root fracture. To avoid this a new alternative to reinforce structurally compromised posterior teeth is the use of fibre reinforced composites (FRCs). Aim: The following case series elaborates technique of reinforcing endodontically treated teeth with 2 different fibre reinforced composites EverStick Post 0.9 mm (Stick Tech oy, GC member, Turku, Finland) and Interlig (Angelus). Conclusion: Appropriate use of FRC can serve as an economical and practical measure of providing biomimetic restoration that replace dentin, improvise strength in structurally compromised teeth thereby alleviating need of extensive prosthetic needs.
Reg. No. 173
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Challenging margins – Newer borders for the hidden orders
P. Harshini
M. S. Ramaiah Dental College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
The evolution of adhesive dentistry has increased the demand for improving the clinical outcomes of restorations. In dental practice, restoring cavitated deep interproximal caries is often a concern and a challenge. A conservative approach for restoring deep proximal lesions is to apply an increment of composite resin over the pre-existing cervical margin to relocate it coronally, the so-called “deep margin elevation” (DME). Deep margin is the phenomenon whereby, because of deep caries or severe structural defects, a cavity is lower than the gingival margin after removing caries or unsound dentin. The issue usually occurs at the proximal surface of a tooth so that it is difficult to be detected at an early stage. Clinically, the deep margin causes difficulties in isolating the area from oral fluids, such as blood, saliva, and sulcular fluid, contaminating the adhesives compromising the marginal integrity of the restoration. Moreover, when the indirect restoration is indicated, the marginal accuracy of the recorded impression can also be affected. Therefore, for a cavity with a deep margin, making the margin accessible above the gingiva before performing restorative procedures is necessary. DME is a promising conservative technique, that requires careful case evaluation, isolation, sealing, matricing and respecting the connective tissue component while restoring. It can be applied in both indirect and direct restorations. This paper will present case reports and challenges in restoring the tooth defects with deep margins and how one can effectively overcome them.
Reg. No. 174
Category: Original Research
Efficacy in debris and smear layer removal of two different irrigating solutions: An in vitro study
Dipin Tom Jose
M. R. Ambedkar Dental College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
Context: The debridement of the root canal system is mainly achieved by chemical means. In this present study we are evaluating the efficiency of two irrigating solutions in the removal of debris and smear layer. Aim: To study the effect of two different irrigating solutions that is, sodium hypochlorite and super oxidised water on debris and smear layer removal. Methodology: 50 single rooted teeth with mature apices will be used for this study. Samples will be randomly divided in to five groups (One control and four experimental group), based on the irrigants used for irrigation. Root canal shaping will be done with Hyflex CM files for all 5 groups. Group 1: Instrumentation with Hflex CM (25\06) and irrigation with saline (Control group), Group 2: Instrumentation with Hyflex CM (25\06) and irrigation with hypochlorite, Group 3: Instrumentation with Hyflex CM (25\06) and irrigation with hypochlorite and EDTA, Group 4: Instrumentation with Hyflex CM (25\06) and irrigation with super oxidised water, Group 5: Instrumentation with Hyflex CM (25\06) and irrigation with super oxidised water and EDTA. After the completion of bio mechanical preparation tooth will split in to two longitudinally. The examination of each half will be performed under scanning electron microscope. Statistical Analysis: The results obtained from SEM analysis will be subjected to Kruskal wallis test followd by mann whitney post hoc analysis to compare the mean smear layer removal scores between 5 groups at coronal, middle and apical third. Results: Awaited.
Reg. No. 175
Category: Original Research
Evaluation of effect of magnetic field on remineralization using nanohydroxyapatite with and without addition of magnetic nanoparticles
Ram Chowdary Basam, Nagesh Bolla
Narayana Dental College, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India
Background: Formation of incipient enamel caries is a reversible process where periods of progression alternates with periods of remineralization. Given an appropriate change in conditions, remineralization may even become the predominant process, leading to apparent repair of the lesion. Aims: To evaluate the effect of magnetic field on remineralization with Magnetic nanoparticle coated with nanohydroxyapatite. To evaluate the effect of magnetic field on remineralization with addition of calcium phosphate ion clusters (CPIC) to magnetic nanoparticle coated with nanohydroxyapatite. Materials and Methods: Extracted maxillary and mandibular molars were collected. Root were cut and crowns were mounted on acrylic moulds. Buccal surfaces were cleaned and 4 x 4 mm window is created with application of sticker and its surrounding area is sealed with two coatings of nail varnish. Samples were divided into four groups. Group:1: Control group, Group:2: Nanohydroxyapatite mixed with ethanol (10 mg/ml), Group:3: Magnetic nanoparticles coated with nanohydroxyapatite mixed with ethanol (10 mg/ml), Group: 4: CPIC solution + Magnetic nanoparticles coated with Nanohydroxyapatite (MNP+NHAP)(CPIC solution (2 mg/ml)+ 10 mg of MNP+NHAP). Magnetic field will be applied to Group:3 and Group:4. Samples will be evaluated under XRD, HRTEM, SEM, EDX Spectroscopy and AFM. Microhardness will be evaluated with digital Vickers hardness tester, after demineralization (artificial caries lesions) and after application of remineralizing agents. Statistical Analysis: Study under progress. Results: Study under progress. Conclusions: Study under progress.
Reg. No. 177
Category: Original Research
Cytotoxicity of calcuim silicate based cements impregnated with i-PRF
Minati Jain
M. S. Ramaiah Dental College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
MTA and Biodentine have been widely used as pulp capping agents due to their beneficial properties, yet they have a few disadvantages such as prolonged setting time, increased solubility and water sorption. Liquid PRF, is basically a liquid formulation of platelet concentrate, can be either utilized alone or combined easily with various biomaterials. It is a source of autogenous blood-derived growth factors harvested without the use of anti-coagulants. There's limited literature on the biological properties of MTA & Biodentine impregnated with i-PRF. Aim: To analyse the cytotoxicity of MTA & Biodentine impregnated with i-PRF. Materials and Methods: Experimental (an in vitro study). 20 freshly extracted maxillary premolar teeth were selected and standard class 1 cavities were prepared. Samples were randomly divided into 4 groups: Group 1 – MTA & Conventional, Group 2 – MTA & Liquid PRF, Group 3 – Biodentine & Conventional, Group 4 – Biodentine & Liquid PRF. Cytotoxicity was assessed on Human dental pulp tissue-derived stem cells by MTT assay. Statistical Analysis: Sample size- 5 in each experimental group. Student t test was done. Results: There was a statistically significant difference in Group 2 as compared to other groups. Conclusion: Group 2 showed higher cytoxicity as compared to the other groups.
Reg. No. 178
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth, restored with three different corono-radicular techniques
Vaidehi Yogesh Bhai Trivedi
Bopal Dental College, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
Background: Different types of corono-radicular restorations are indicated for endodontically treated teeth with severely damaged coronal structure. There are still controversies for most suitable method that will result in highest success. Aim: The aim of this study is to compare fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth, restored with three different corono-radicular techniques. Materials and Methods: 30 human extracted maxillary premolars were decoronated till the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) followed by cleaning shaping and obturation. In group I the gutta-percha was removed till the depth of 4 mm with Peeso-reamers and restored with MultiCore Flow (Ivoclear Vivadent). In group II and III, 4 mm apical gutta-percha was preserved and remaining coronal gutta percha was removed with help of Peeso-reamers. Group II and III were restored with fiber and metal posts respectively, followed by core built up with MultiCore Flow (Ivoclear Vivadent). The fracture resistance strength of all the specimen groups was tested under a universal testing machine. Statistical Analysis: Data were tabulated and statistically analysed using analysis of variance and t-tests. Results: There was no significant difference between group II and group III. Conclusion: It was concluded that Nayyer core post endodontic restoration technique offered better occlusal fracture resistance strength compared to other two restorative techniques. (p<0.05)
Reg. No. 182
Category: Original Research
The efficacy of post endodontic pain control using different administration routes for diclofenac sodium in a randomized clinical trial
Bhumika Patel
College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
Background: Experience of root canal-associated pain is a major source of fear for patients and a very important concern for dentists. Anxiety, fear of dental treatment, and other factors influence patient's pain perception and reaction thresholds. Management of endodontic pain is one of the challenging aspects of endodontics. Aim: The purpose of this clinical trial is to evaluate the analgesic efficacy of diclofenac sodium administered through oral and transdermal routes in reducing post-endodontic pain. Materials and Methods: Forty-five patients were randomly allocated into three groups. Group A – diclofenac sodium tablets (oral), Group B – diclofenac sodium (transdermal patch), and Group C –placebo (oral) (Vitamin B12). The tablets were given 30 min before the procedure. The visual analog scale (VAS) was used to evaluate the pain score at preoperative and 6, 12, 24, 48 h and 7 days after biomechanical preparation. Data stastically analysed with Kruskal-Wallis test, Friedman's and Chi-square test (P < 0.05). Results: Group A diclofenac sodium tablets and Group C placebo (Vitamin B12) showing no significant difference. Conclusion: Transdermal patch is effective compared to the orally administered diclofenac sodium in post endodontic pain.
Reg. No. 183
Category: Original Research
The effect of passive ultrasonic activation with different irrigating solutions on the reduction of microbial load in root canals with necrotic pulp – A randomized control trial
A. Karthigayan
Sriram Chandra Bhanja Dental College and Hospital, Cuttak, Odisha, India
Context: Irrigation is essential to optimize root canal disinfection by reaching areas untouched during mechanical instrumentation. Etidronic acid, a mild chelator is compatible with NaOCl. Chitosan, a natural polysaccharide is used in dentistry as it has antimicrobial and chelating activity. Passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) is the activation of an irrigant using an oscillating instrument to induce acoustic transmission and cavitation. Aim: To compare and evaluate the effect of passive ultrasonic activation with different irrigating solutions on the reduction of microbial load in root canals with necrotic pulp. Materials and Methods: Sixty patients with necrotic pulps were randomly allocated into three groups according to the final irrigation protocol after the completion of root canal preparation. Group 1 - 3% NaOCl + 17% EDTA + PUI, Group 2 - 3% NaOCl + 18% Etidronate + PUI, and Group 3 - 3% NaOCl + 0.2% Chitosan + PUI. Microbiological sampling was performed before root canal preparation (S1) and after final irrigation (S2) using paper points. Total bacteria counts were determined by quantitative PCR analysis. Statistical Analysis: Awaited. Results: Awaited. Conclusion: Awaited.
Reg. No. 184
Category: Original Research
Dentin biomodificati on with dimethyl sulfoxide and baicalein to analyze dentin bonding stability
Kalyani Pattnaik
Sriram Chandra Bhanja Dental College and Hospital, Cuttak, Odisha, India
Background: Resin–dentin bonding relies on effective adhesive penetration into demineralized collagen matrix for proper hybrid layer formation. The hybrid layer is characterized by the creation of complex collagen-resin biopolymers that aims to provide a continuous and stable link between the bulk adhesive and dentin substrate. Baicalein, due to its MMP inhibition and cross-linking abilities is capable of stabilizing collagen fibrils, and protecting the integrity of the hybrid layer in dentin bonding. The combination of DMSO and ethanol is known to displace and reduce water from the bonded interface, and improve resin–dentin interaction. Aim: To evaluate the effect of two dentin pre-treatment approaches, consisting of DMSO/ethanol and Baicalein/ethanol, on the bond strength using a single bottle self-etch adhesive at 24 hours. Materials and Methods: Dentin surfaces from 60 extracted sound posterior teeth were randomly pretreated with DMSO/ethanol and Baicalein/ethanol and bonded using a self-etch adhesive. Untreated dentin surfaces functioned as control. Bonded teeth were stored in distilled water for 24 hours and sectioned into resin–dentin beams for microtensile bond strength test. Statistical Analysis: To be calculated. Results: Study in progress. Conclusion: To be drawn.
Reg. No. 185
Category: Original Research
Cytotoxic evaluation of chitosan-based endo-radiopaque solution in cultured cells line
Nagen Ray Pattanaik
Sriram Chandra Bhanja Dental College and Hospital, Cuttak, Odisha, India
Background: Successful root canal treatment is attributed to effective chemo-mechanical preparation and use of irrigating solution that dissolve the organic and inorganic material. Chitosan-based endo-radiopaque solution is an emerging molecule explored with great interest in root canal field. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the cytotoxic effect of chitosan-based endo-radiopaque solution (CERS) in cultured cells line. Materials and Methods: A cell suspension of L-929 mouse fibroblast cells (n=30) is used to seed Petri dishes at a concentration of 1 × 105 cells/mL and supplemented with CERS in minimal essential medium. Cell cultures are then incubated for 48 h and observed daily for cell culture confluence. The growth medium from each monolayer dish is aspirated and replaced by either CERS (the positive control solution) or the negative control solution in triplicates for each test group. All plates are further incubated for 48 h, and the monolayers are microscopically examined. The cell layer reactivity is scored for any abnormal cell morphology and cellular degeneration on a grading scale: 0 = no reactivity, 1 = slight, 2 = mild, 3 = moderate, 4 = severe reactivity. Statistical Analysis and Results: In progress. Conclusion: To be drawn.
Reg. No. 186
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of antibacterial efficacy of chitosan, N acetyl cysteine and Aegle marmelos as intracanal medicaments against Enterococcus faecalis – An in vitro study
K. Subiksha
Tagore Dental College and Hospital, Rathinamangalam, Tamil Nadu, India
Background: The retention of bacteria in the dentinal tubules, to which instruments and irrigants have limited access, may lead to persistent endodontic infections. Placement of an intracanal medicament between successive appointments has shown to be effective in preventing repopulation of the canal by microorganisms. Aim: To evaluate the antimicrobial effectiveness of chitosan, N acetyl cysteine and Aegle marmelos used as intracanal medicaments. Materials and Methods: Sixty non carious, single rooted extracted teeth will be taken to evaluate antimicrobial activity. Dentinal blocks of standardized measurements will be prepared, instrumented and will be incubated with E. faecalis for 21 days. After 21 days grouping will be done and assigned intracanal medicament will be placed on the lumen of dentinal blocks respectively. Colony forming units (CFUs) will be assessed after 7 days. Results obtained will be tabulated. Statistical Analysis: To be done. Results: Study in progress. Conclusion: To be drawn.
Reg. No. 187
Category: Original Research
Effect of various concentration of chitosan nanoparticles on micro-tensile bond strength of resin composite to dentin at different time intervals
Rinki Meher
Sriram Chandra Bhanja Dental College and Hospital, Cuttak, Odisha, India
Context: Chitosan nanoparticles are used as a smear layer biomodification material prior to the application of dental adhesive to increase the durability of bond strength. Due to its chelating properties, chitosan has been used in various dental treatments including direct pulp capping, as an irrigant for dentinal tubule disinfection, in root canal sealers and in pulpal tissue regeneration. Aim: To study the effect of various concentration of chitosan nanoparticles with different times of application on micro-tensile bond strength of resin composite to human dentin using universal self-etch adhesive. Materials and Methods: 90 extracted sound premolar teeth were taken for this study. Flat occlusal surfaces were obtained using straight diamond points. Samples were divided into three pre-treatment groups; 0.2 %, 0.5 % and 1% chitosan nanoparticles before adhesive application. Further groups were divided into three subgroups based on different time intervals; 30 sec, 60 sec and 90 sec. Universal self-etch adhesive was applied for 20 sec and, nanohybrid composite build-up was done (4 mm) to obtain resin-dentin blocks. Samples were sectioned into resin–dentin sticks (1 mm x 1 mm x 4 mm) for micro-tensile bond strength using universal testing machine. Fractured area of the specimens were assessed using Stereomicroscope. Impregnation of resin tags and presence of chitosan nanoparticles within dentin surface were assessed under SEM. Statistical Analysis: Awaited. Results: Awaited. Conclusion: Awaited.
Reg. No. 190
Category: Original Research
Effect of laser, ultrasonic and manual irrigation activation techniques on the push out bond strength of Bio-C sealer
Amarapu Kaladhar, Tashmeem Mohammad
Vishnu Dental College, Kovvada, Andhra Pradesh, India
Aim: To evaluate the effect of different irrigation activation techniques (Laser, Ultrasonic, Manual) on the push-out bond strength of Bio-C sealer. Materials and Methods: 30 single-rooted, mandibular premolars will be prepared up to ProTaper Gold size F3. The samples will be randomly assigned to three different groups (n = 10), Group I (Manual): Irrigation will be activated by placing F3 Gutta Percha cone into the middle third of the canal, filled with 3% NaOCl and perform gentle up and down motion for 30 sec. Group II (Ultrasonic): Canals will be filled with 3% NaOCl. Activation will be performed by passively inserting #25 ultrasonic endo tip 1 mm short of working length driven by the ultrasonic device for 30 sec. Group III (Laser activation): Canals will be filled with 3% NaOCl. Activation by diode laser, will be performed at a single time from apical to coronal area with 200 um fibre optic tip in continuous mode of 1.5 W and 980 nm wave length for 30 sec. The canals will be obturated by gutta-percha and bio-C sealer using warm vertical compaction after that the roots will be sectioned into 1 mm thick slices in middle third, now these will be subjected to a compressive load at a cross head speed of 1 mm/min via universal testing machine. Statistical Analysis: The resultant data will be statistically analysed by ANOVA test. Results: Are awaited. Conclusion: Are awaited.
Reg. No. 195
Category: Original Research
Antibacterial activity of endodontic sealers against established monospecies biofilm
Riya Gupta, Baida Pooja
Rajasthan Dental College and Hospital, Teelawas, Rajasthan, India
Aim: To determine the antibacterial activity of root canal sealers against established monospecies biofilm. Materials and Methods: Antibacterial activity of 4 different root canal sealers- Endoseal, Apexit plus, Ceraseal-B, Sealmax-R was evaluated. A droplet of 20 uL of each bacterial inoculum was applied onto the cell culture inserts. After 24 hours of incubation the inserts were removed and washed gently with Phosphate buffered saline to remove loosely attached bacteria and leaving the attached biofilm. For Direct Contact Test, freshly mixed sealers were placed directly on the surface of biofilm. After the contact time of 24 hours inserts were removed from the sealers and after 5 fold serial dilution in Phosphate buffered saline, colony forming units for all bacterias were counted. Results: All the sealers were effective in reducing the bacterial count. Conclusion: Within the limitation of this study all sealers used in the study had antibacterial effect. Endoseal was most effective in reducing the bacterial colony count. Apexit plus was almost equivalent to endoseal but less effective than endoseal.
Reg. No. 196
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of shaping ability of three different NiTi files in mandibular molars using cone-beam computed tomography – An in vitro study
R. A. Pavithra Monika Devi
Best Dental Science College, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
Aim: To compare the canal transportation and canal centering ability in the preparation of mesial roots of mandibular molar after instrumentation with TruNatomy (TN) (TN; Dentsply Sirona, Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) and ProTaper Gold (PG) (PG; Dentsply, Tulsa Dental Specialties, Tulsa, OK, USA) and One Curve files (Coltene) using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: 48 extracted human mandibular molars teeth were selected. Teeth with any visible cracks or fractures, calcifications, previous root canal treatments were excluded. The teeth were randomly assigned into three groups i.e. Group 1- TN, Group 2- PG and Group 3- One Curve (n = 16 each). The teeth were instrumented according to manufacturer's guidelines for all three groups. Canals were scanned using a CBCT scanner before and after preparation to evaluate the transportation and centering ratio at 3 mm, 5 mm, and 7 mm from the apex. Results: The study is under progress.
Reg. No. 197
Category: Original Research
Formulation and characterization of a novel pulp capping agent
Ayesha Najam
Faculty of Dental Sciences-RUAS, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
The goal of vital pulp therapy is to preserve the vitality of the tooth as it accentuates the defense mechanism of the pulp and enables root development and dentin formation. Pulp vitality remains the primary goal in dentistry. The introduction of Mineral trioxide aggregate and other bioceramic or calcium silicate based cements along with advanced treatment strategies has markedly changed the long-held concept that pulp capping after carious exposure has to be avoided. Recent advances in pulp biology and dental materials have provided alternative treatment strategies for healthy and inflamed pulps such as anti-bacterial effect, hard tissue formation and better biocompatibility. Aim: To Formulate, Characterize and Evaluate the Effectiveness of a Novel Pulp Capping Agent. Materials and Methods: Nanocalcium, nanosponge and lyophilized PRF were individually formulated and then combined with an anti-inflammatory drug. Nanocalcium provides the calcium at nano level and helps in hard tissue formation. Nanosponge at the miniature level acts as a perfect scaffold for emcompasing the other elements such as anti-inflammatory drug acting like a drug delivery substrate. Lyophilized PRF is very biocompatible and has increased activity than the other PRF types promoting successful regeneration. While, the anti-inflammatory drug provides the adequate mild anti-inflammatory effect to help in the formation of dentin bridge and favourable healing. Statistical Analysis: Statistical analysis will be done using SPSS software. Results: Results of the study are in process and awaited. Conclusions: The novel pulp capping agent may act as a potential pulp capping agent with favourable properties for clinical use.
Reg. No. 200
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Reattachment of coronal fragment with fibre reinforced post
Vishwesh Joshi
Narsinhbhai Patel Dental College, Visnagar, Gujarat, India
Anterior crown fractures are a common form of injury that mainly affects children and adults. Their position in the oral cavity, specifically in the maxillary arch. Coronal fractures of permanent incisors represent 19-21% of all trauma to dental hard tissues, 27-43% being simple (enamel + dentin) and 12-15% complex (enamel + dentin + pulp). Of these, 97% comprise maxillary central incisors. The reattachment of the crown fragment to a fractured tooth is the greatest method to restore the contour, natural shape, occlusal alignment, surface texture and colour of the fragment. It provides excellent aesthetic and functional results. Reattachment of the original tooth fragment to the fractured tooth forms a moderately speedy, biologic and aesthetic restoration. A 25-year-old male came to the Department of Conservative dentistry & Endodontics with a complex crown fracture of the maxillary right lateral incisor one day after the trauma had occurred. After endodontic treatment, a glass fibre post (3M™) was used to increase retention and allocate stresses along the tooth. The dental restoration was accomplished using an inventive fragment and a dual cure resin composite (3M Rely-X U200 Auto-mix). Clinical and radiographic examination a 3 months recall presented the glass fibre post and restoration was in place, representing the success of the treatment in preserving the fractured tooth.
Reg. No. 201
Category: Original Research
Comparitive analysis of herbal products for color change in artificially stained teeth using spectrophotometer – An in vitro study
Ravina Bishnoi
Rajasthan Dental College and Hospital, Teelawas, Rajasthan, India
Aim: The study aims to compare the of herbal products for color change in artificially stained teeth using a spectrophotometer. Materials and Methods: Baseline color value of 40 randomly selected artificially stained premolars were obtained. The specimens were randomly divided into four groups of 10 teeth each. Group 1 (n-10)- Ananas cosmosus, group 2 -Fragaria x ananassa, group 3 - Apple cider vinegar, control group 4 to 30% hydrogen peroxide. The color difference was examined under spectrophotometer. Results: All the agents that have been tested showed a significant color change of which ananas cosmosus gives better result than Fragaria x ananassa. Conclusion: Within the limitations of the study. Ananas cosmusus whitens the teeth better than Fragaria x ananassa and apple cider vinegar but lesser than hydrogen peroxide.
Reg. No. 202
Category: Original Research
Effect of occlusal reduction on postoperative pain following single-visit endodontic treatment on posterior teeth: A randomised clinical trial
Neeraj J. Menon
Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Aim: To evaluate the effect of occlusal reduction on postoperative pain following single-visit root canal treatment on posterior teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. Methodology: 78 systemically healthy patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis on posterior teeth requiring single-visit root canal treatment were equally divided into 2 groups: Group A – Single-visit root canal treatment without occlusal reduction, Group B – Single visit root canal treatment with 1.5-2 mm selective occlusal reduction. Postoperative pain scores will be evaluated at 6 hrs, 8 hrs, 12 hrs, 24 hrs, 48 hrs and 72 hrs using VAS scale. Results: Results and conclusion will be displayed during the presentation.
Reg. No. 203
Category: Original Research
Impact of contracted endodontic access cavities on the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth after mechanical ageing by simulated chewing forces
S. Rene Jochebed
Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
The aim of this invitro study is to comparatively evaluate the fracture resistance of contracted vs. traditional endodontic access cavities in mandibular molars after subjecting the samples through a chewing simulator.24 freshly extracted, intact human permanent first and second mandibular molars were included for the study. The teeth were divided into 3 groups: control group (intact teeth), traditional and contracted access cavities. Access opening was done, the canals were prepared with XP Endoshaper, master cone fit verified, obturated with AH plus and entrance filling given with bulkfill composite (EverX posterior) layered with 2 mm of nanohybrid composite (Solare X). The teeth were then placed into the lower sample holder of the chewing simulator which had an inbuilt thermocycler to assess the artificially accelerated ageing. The chewing movements for 4 years were simulated and subsequently loaded to fracture. The load at which the teeth fracture was recorded.
Reg. No. 205
Category: Original Research
Finite element analysis of stress distribution in external cervical resorptive defect restored with different restorative materials
Padmapriya Ramanujam
Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Background: External cervical resorption (ECR) is a resorptive process occurring in the cervical region of teeth, due to damage or deficiency of periodontal ligament and subepithelial cementum. Since most ECR lesions are not self-limiting, they exhibit a prolonged resorptive phase with gross loss of tooth structure. Additionally, as eccentric occlusal forces cause tooth to flex, with the fulcrum being the cervix of tooth, management of defects involving the cervical region become critical. Treatment goals in ECR should hence focus on early endodontic treatment with materials capable of resisting occlusal load to rehabilitate and compensate for the lost structural integrity; the biomechanics of which has not been studied previously in endodontic literature. Aim: To analyse the stress distribution in a tooth with external cervical resorptive defect restored with different restorative strategies using finite element analysis. Materials and Methods: Three 3-dimensional geometric models of a sound maxillary central incisor, with ECR defect 2Bd and 2Bp were reconstructed from patient's pre-existing CBCT images. Different biomaterials (GIC, Biodentin) were simulated to repair the defects without and with endodontic treatment (Gutta Percha, Everstick post) with access cavities virtually restored with composite. With periodontal apparatus simulated in anatomic form, oblique load of 100 N, 450 to the long axis of tooth was simulated. von Mises stress analysis was carried out in the perforated regions and along the tooth. Statistical Analysis: Descriptive statistics was used to report the maximum stress values in the tested FEA models. Results and Conclusion: Awaited as the study is still on going.
Reg. No. 206
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of the shear bond strength of different esthetic restorative materials to mineral triaoxide aggregate and Biodentine: An in-vitro study
Richa Mishra, Anupam Gupta
Chandra Dental College and Hospital, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Significance of Study: Mineral trioxide aggregate and Biodentine have great importance in dentistry. There are limited number of studies comparing the bond strength of Biodentine, MTA to RMGIC, Composite and Bulk fill composite resin (SDR). Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the shear bond strength of composite resin, RMGIC and Bulk fill composite resin to MTA and Biodentine. Materials and Methods: Sixty acrylic cylindrical blocks are prepared and divided into two groups as Group 1 i.e. MTA and Group 2 i.e. Biodentine (n = 30). Each group is further divided into 3 subgroup according to the restorative materials used in this experiment (n =10). Group 1A: MTA + composite resin, Group 1B: MTA +RMGIC, Group-1C: MTA+ SDR. Group 2A: Biodentine + composite resin, Group 2B: Biodentine + RMGIC, Group- 2C: Biodentine + SDR. The specimens are mounted in Universal Testing Machine. A crosshead speed 1 mm/min is applied to each specimen using a knife edge blade until the bond between the MTA/Biodentine and restorative material failed. At the breaking point the bond strength is calculated in Megapascal. Failure modes of each group are evaluated under polarized light microscope at ×40 magnification. Results: In both the groups the results indicates composite resin shows highest SBS as compared to SDR and RMGIC. Conclusions: The results of the present study displayed that MTA has shown better SBS to composite resin, resin-modified glass ionomer and Bulk fill composite resin than Biodentine.
Reg. No. 207
Category: Original Research
Comparative evalution of healing after periapical surgery using hydroxyapatite crystal and platelet rich fibrin with platelet rich fibrin and GTR as barrier membrane: An in vivo study
Tapas Paul
Dr. R. Ahmed Dental College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Background: Among various Periapical pathologies only cystic lesion needs surgical intervention. Platelet Rich Fibrin (PRF), second generation platelet concentrate possesses both regenerative & osteoconductive properties. Hydroxyapatite (HA) bone grafts is bone conductive in nature. Hence, the combination of both has synergistic effect on bone regeneration. Aims: To prevent the soft tissue over growth and hard tissue healing in periapical lesions using Platelet Rich Fibrin and GTR barrier membrane. Materials and Methods: Evaluation of cystic lesion with USG & Colour Doppler followed by micro-endodontic surgery which involved root end resection, enucleation of the lesion followed by root end preparation and filling with MTA. PRF was obtained from patient's own blood. Bony cavity filled with HA Crystal and PRF with GTR & PRF use as a barrier membrane. The flap was repositioned and sutured. On follow up visits the bone healing was seen to be in progress. Statistical Analysis and Results: Total 30 patients were included for the study; Group I: Control (PRF+HA), Group II :(PRF+HA+GTR) and Group III: (PRF+HA+PRF Barrier membrane) with 10 patients in each. Increase in bone density and area reduction of 3 study groups was analysed and it showed a statistically significant difference (P=0.03) & (P=0.02) among them. Increase in bone density and area reduction Gr-III>Gr-II> Gr-I. Conclusions: Barrier membrane prevent the soft tissue over growth and also enhance bone healing. PRF may be alternative to GTR as a barrier membrane in periapical lesion.
Reg. No. 210
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Smile enhancement with veneers – A case report
Anitt Peter
Noorul Islam College of Dental Sciences, Pathamkallu, Kerala, India
Restoring the natural dental esthetics of a patient has gained very much importance in dentistry during the recent times. In addition to function, color, shape, structural and position abnormalities of anterior teeth might lead to important esthetic problems for patient. The main objective of any restorative case is to keep the tooth preparation simple and conservative in reduction of sound tooth structure. Porcelain veneers are steadily increasing in popularity among today's dental practitioners for conservative restoration of unaesthetic natural teeth. It is a conservative alternative to full coverage for improving the appearance of anterior teeth. It limits the preparation to enamel but sufficient enough to provide correct contour of restoration. Long term retrospective studies indicated that the success rate of veneers are as high as 95%.This case report is about a midline diastema with discolored restoration on the maxillary incisor which was aesthetically corrected using veneers.
Reg. No. 211
Category: Systematic Review
Which one is more important for endodontic success – The coronal seal or the apical seal?
Arnab Das
College of Dental Sciences, Davanagere, Karnataka, India
Microorganisms can reach the dental pulp through open cavity, dentinal tubules, gingival sulcus, periodontal ligament through a broken occlusal seal or faulty restoration of tooth previously treated by endodontic therapy or extension of a periapical infection from adjacent infected teeth. During operative procedures these possible paths must be considered to prevent ingress. While endodontic therapy is being performed these paths must be blocked to avoid contamination during and after the treatment. After root canal obturation care must be taken to ensure maintenance of the coronal as well as the apical seal from contaminants. A number of studies have indicated that leakage, whether from a coronal or apical direction, adversely affects the success of root canal treatment. The significance of the coronal seal has been increasingly recognized in the dental literature and in more recent times, it has been suggested that apical leakage may not be the most important factor leading to the failure of endodontic treatment - but that coronal leakage is far more likely to be the major determinant of clinical success or failure. This paper will discuss aspects of: endodontic success and failure and the significance of both coronal and apical leakage, and some relevant cases will be presented and discussed.
Reg. No. 212
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of dentinal microcrack formation using two different single reciprocating file systems with and without prior glide path during root canal preparation – An in vitro study
Saoji Amisha Dipak
MGM Dental College, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Introduction: There is a recent increase in the use of NiTi rotary instruments, considering the adverse effects of cracks and root fracture on prognosis of endodontically treated teeth, one can say that different cleaning and shaping instruments for biomechanical preparation of root canal with different kinematics could lead to dentinal damage to root canal walls. Aim: The purpose of this study is to compare dentinal crack formation in root canal walls following glide path preparation and instrumentation with single file reciprocating systems. Methodology: Study will be performed in 80 straight root canals of human permanent teeth. Teeth will be randomly divided into four experimental groups (n = 20) according to the rotary file set as follows: GROUP I (Trunatomy without glide path), GROUP II (Trunatomy with glide path), GROUP III (XP endo shaper without glide path), GROUP IV (XP endo shaper with glide path). After the root canal preparation, scans will be performed to evaluate the microcrack formation using a CBCT. Statistical Analysis: Normality of numerical data will be checked using Shapiro – Wilk test or Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. For a numerical continuous data following a normal distribution, inter group comparison (2 groups) will be done using t test, else a non parametric substitute like Mann Whitney U test will be used. Results: Results are awaited.
Reg. No. 213
Category: Systematic Review
Vital pulp therapy in permanent teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis: An umbrella review
Shreya Volety
K. M. Shah Dental College and Hospital, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
In an era of minimally invasive dentistry, where the paradigm of dental care is shifting toward conservative dentistry and selecting biological options, vital pulp therapy (VPT) is now increasingly being considered a minimally invasive approach for the management of teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. Hence this Umbrella review aimed to evaluate the available systematic reviews regarding the outcome of vital pulp therapy, specifically direct pulp capping, partial pulpotomy, and full pulpotomy in permanent teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. This review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022337415) and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were employed. Out of 130 Systematic Reviews (SRs) which were obtained, a total of 15 systematic reviews were selected for this Umbrella review. 8 out of 15 systematic reviews conducted meta-analysis. 3 reviews focused solely on full pulpotomy, 2 on partial pulpotomy, 2 on direct pulp capping, and 10 focused on both full and partial pulpotomy. 7 out of 15 reviews compared the success rate of various pulp capping materials used for Vital Pulp Therapy. The Corrected Covered Areas (CCAs) were calculated to identify the overlap in primary studies, whereas the AMSTAR 2 assessment tool was used to analyze the risk of bias in each included review. Overall, six reviews were rated “High Quality”. Vital pulp therapy is a reliable treatment option for permanent teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis and could be considered an alternative for root canal treatment.
Reg. No. 214
Category: Original Research
Influence of irrigating solutions on the hydration property of tricalcium silicate based dental biomaterials
Divya M. Pradeep
Sriram Chandra Bhanja Dental College and Hospital, Cuttak, Odisha, India
Aim: To characterize, investigate and compare the hydration of tricalcium silicate-based root canal sealers when exposed to acidic and alkaline chemicals. Materials and Methods: 88 blank cylindrical molds of 8 mm diameter and 3 mm high for each group were divided into four subgroups (n=22) based on the irrigating solutions and dipped in them for a period of 30 sec. Group 1: Dia-Root BIO Sealer (Dia Dent, Korea), Group 2: Ceraseal (Meta Biomed, Korea), Sub Group a: 3% Sodium hypochlorite, Sub Group b: A mixture of sodium hypochlorite and Etidronic acid, Sub Group c: Chitosan enhanced radiopaque solution. Sub Group d: Normal saline (Control). Then the pre-mixed sealers were allowed to set in the cylindrical molds at 37°C.The cement cylinders were removed from the molds and were wrapped in gauze saturated with 10 mL of respective solutions as used earlier for 15 mins. Thereafter samples were incubated at 37°C for 48 h in 100% humidity. The differences in the hydration property of tricalcium silicate based sealers were distinguished using (1). SEM with energy dispersive spectroscopy to analyze the hydration property and monitor the elemental distribution. (2). X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) to identify and quantify the phases. (3). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to investigate the interaction of tricalcium silicate with the irrigating solutions. Results: Awaited. Conclusion: Awaited.
Reg. No. 218
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Easy way of stabilizing cervical root fracture
V. B. Kokane
VSPM Dental College and Research Centre, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
In routine clinical practices at least one trauma case per month is reported .Amongst that root fracture is common. Apical root fracture doesn't require any treatment as is it can heal naturally. Middle root fracture can be treated with MTA or biodentine like materials but treating cervical root fracture is always questionable. Because of mobility of crown segment, pain and bleeding during treatment it becomes difficult to treat such cases. As cervical root fracture is below gingival level re-attachment of crown with bonding material is also not possible. In such cases clinician has no alternative than extraction of affected tooth. Here dentist can immobilize this difficult to save tooth with cervical root fracture by conventional Hedstrom file. We use conventional 2% Hedstrom file in day to day clinical practices. Thus stabilizing cervical root fracture with this file is easy and economical method rather than extracting tooth.
Reg. No. 219
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Furcal perforation repair using mineral trioxide aggregate in a mandibular molar: Case report
Ayan Guin
Divya Jyoti College of Dental Sciences, Niwari Dehat, Uttar Pradesh, India
Furcal perforations are significant iatrogenic complications of endodontic treatment and could lead to endodontic failure. It is an undesired complication that can occur during preparation of an endodontic access cavities or exploring canal orifice of multi-rooted teeth. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) has been regarded as an ideal material for perforation repair, retrograde filling, pulp capping and apexification. This case report describes a furcal perforation in a mandibular first molar, which was repaired using MTA. The tooth was endodontically treated and coronally restored with composite resin. After 6 months the absence of any radiolucency in the furcation area, pain along with functional tooth stability indicated a successful outcome of sealing the perforation using MTA.
Reg. No. 220
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of penetration of various sealers into the dentinal tubules after calcium hydroxide dressing: An in vitro confocal laser scanning microscopic study
Perala Srujana
SVS Institute of Dental Sciences, Mahbubnagar, Andhra Pradesh, India
Background: The disinfection of the root canal system is an important step during endodontic treatments as bacteria are able to invade dentinal tubules and survive in poor-nutrient environment for long time. Calcium hydroxide has been widely used as an intracanal dressing when it is not possible to perform one-visit endodontic treatment and to increase the antibacterial ability of teeth with pulp necrosis. However, its removal is important for root canal filling because the penetration of the sealer into dentinal tubules helps in the intratubular antibacterial activity and entombment of remaining bacteria. Aim: To assess the penetration of various sealers into dentinal tubules of root canals previously medicated with calcium hydroxide. Materials and Methods: Twenty non-carious mandibular premolar teeth will be collected and decoronated at the level of CEJ with a diamond disc. They will be instrumented and medicated with calcium hydroxide and will be distributed into two groups based on the type of sealer used for obturation: (G1) root canals obturated with calcium silicate based sealer (Ceraseal-B). (G2) root canals obturated with bioceramic sealer (Bio C Sealer). All the Sealers will be mixed with rhodamine B inorder to provide fluorescence for confocal laser scanning microscopy. Measurements of area and linear penetration of the sealer will be assessed in three thirds by ImageJ software. Results and Conclusion: To be evaluated (study in progress).
Reg. No. 221
Category: Original Research
To compare and evaluate effect of access cavity design and post obturation restorative material on fracture strength on endodontically treated teeth: An in vitro study
Sarvesha Balwant Bhondwe
YCMM and RDF'S Dental College and Hospital, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India
Context: Following the concept of minimally invasive dentistry, an extremely conservative approach has recently been proposed as “Ultraconservative access cavity preparation “which is considered to improve the fracture strength of endodontically treated teeth!. Materials and Methods: 50 Maxillary two rooted premolars were used in the study and randomly divided into 5 subgroups of 10 each. Group 2 and group 4: conservative access cavity, Group 3 and group 5: ultraconservative access cavity. Biomechanical preparation and obturation were carried out in all groups. Later, Group 2 & group 4 were filled with 4 mm thick Bulk fill composite (SDR) and group 3 & group 5 filled with fiber-reinforced composite (EVER X POSTERIOR) as a post-obturation restorative material. Fracture strength was measured using, Universal testing machine. Statistical Analysis: Two-way ANOVA (F-RBD) and pairwise comparative statistics were done using t-Test. Results: The mean of ultraconservative and conservative access cavity preparation was 408.6 and 366.7 respectively (Difference not statistically significant). And using Tukey's post hoc test, mean difference of Group 2, Group 3, Group 4 and Group 5 was 461.95, 655.86, 268.31 and 769.8 respectively showing higher fracture strength in groups restored with Bulk fill composite Resins!. Conclusion: There is no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) found in the fracture strength of ultraconservative access cavity preparation and conservative access cavity preparation in endodontically treated teeth. Bulk-fill composite had better fracture strength than fiber-reinforced composite regardless of access cavity preparation in endodontically treated teeth.
Reg. No. 223
Category: Original Research
Comparitive evaluation of antimicrobial efficacy of three herbal solutions against Enterococcus faecalis and mechanical properties of gutta percha dipped in herbal solutions: In vitro study
Shrutika Goel, Garima Joshi Kaushal
School of Dental Sciences, Sharda University, Ruhallapur, Uttar Pradesh, India
Background: Sodium hypochlorite is the gold standard for irrigation but it has cytotoxic effects on the periapical tissues, so in order to reduce the cytotoxic effects herbal irrigants were brought in light. Aim: Evaluate and compare antimicrobial efficacy and mechanical properties of Gutta Percha cones in herbal solutions using aloe vera gel, lemon grass oil and pancha tulsi. Materials: 200 F3 gutta percha cones, Lemon grass oil, Aloe vera gel (90%), Pancha tulsi, Sodium hypochlorite (5.25%). Methods: 200 F3 GP cones will be divided into 2 groups, group 1 and group 2 with 100 cones in each and will be tested for antimicrobial efficacy and mechanical properties respectively with the help of UTM. Statistical Analysis: Performed by using descriptive and inferential statistics with chi square test/fisher exact test for categorical data. Results: herbal solution gave equally effective results as sodium hypochlorite and with less cytotoxic effects and minimal change in the mechanical properties of gutta percha. Conclusion: herbal irrigants can be used as an alternative approach to sodium hypochlorite with minimized toxic effects. Although not many clinical trials have been done for the same due to the decreased shelf life of herbal irrigants.
Reg. No. 224
Category: Original Research
Efficacy of ultrasonic and laser activated irrigants on biofilm eradication
Vineet Gupta
Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Introduction: Elimination of microbial contamination from the root canal system at the time of canal obturation is a prerequisite for successful outcomes in endodontic therapy. It has been observed that Enterococcus faecalis found in higher counts in endodontic flare-ups and retreatment cases. The most commonly used irrigating solutions are sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl)and chlorhexidine (CHX).The reaction between NaOCl and CHX produces a carcinogenic product, parachloroanaline (PCA), the potential leakage of which into the surrounding tissues is a concern. The precipitate is an insoluble neutral salt formed by the acid-base reaction between NaOCl and CHX. Therefore there is a constant search of equally effective and safer combination of root canal irrigants. Aim: To compare the efficacies of Ultrasonic activated and Laser activated irrigation in eradicating biofilm grown in root canals and evaluate the reduction in mean microbial viability by Colony Forming Units (CFU) per ml. Materials and Methods: Tooth roots were randomly divided into different groups according to the Irrigants and Activation techniques used. All the root specimens were adjusted to equal lengths and instrumented & Biofilm grown. All divided groups were treated with different Ultrasonic and Laser activated irrigants. Conclusion: The main problems related to the use of irrigant solutions, which are their inability to reach the apical third and most complex anatomical structures, their effectiveness being influenced by the presence of infected organic and inorganic debris, the clinical usage time, and their toxicity to the periapical tissues.
Reg. No. 226
Category: Original Research
Comparative analysis of fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth with furcal perforations of various sizes restored with MTA and biodentine: An in-vitro study
S. Vijay Ganesh
Bharati Vidyapeeth Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
Background: Perforations are the second greatest cause of endodontic failure and account for about 9.6% of all unsuccessful cases. Furcal perforations lead to an iatrogenic communication between the periodontal attachment and root canal space, with a poorer prognosis compared to apical and middle-third perforations due to a higher risk of contamination from the oral environment. A delay in repair may lead to further bacterial contamination, subsequent inflammation, and bone lesions at the site of perforation which further endangers the prognosis of the tooth biologically and mechanically. MTA and Biodentine are calcium silicate-based cements designed to provide superior sealing at the perforation site and resist forces of dislodgement which are known for their biocompatibility and good compressive strengths. Aim: This in-vitro study attempts to evaluate the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth with furcal perforations of diameters 2 mm and 4 mm repaired with MTA and Biodentine. Materials and Methods: 40 non-carious and unrestored, freshly extracted mandibular molars were chosen for this study and divided into 4 groups of 10 samples each, Group A: 2 mm diameter with MTA, Group B: 2 mm diameter with Biodentine, Group C: 4 mm diameter with MTA, Group D: 4 mm diameter with Biodentine. The prepared samples were subjected to fracture testing using a universal testing machine. Statistical Analysis: Analysis of variance (ANOVA) will be used to find the significance of the study parameters between the groups (Intergroup analysis). Further post hoc analysis will be carried out if the values of ANOVA test will be significant. Results: Awaiting results. Conclusion: Awaiting conclusion.
Reg. No. 229
Category: Original Research
The effect of EDTA, EGTA, EDTAC, and tetracycline-HCl with and without subsequent NaOCl treatment on the microhardness of root canal dentin
Anvesha Kumar
Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of single and combined use of Citirc acid, ethylenediamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA), ethylene glycol bis [b-aminoethylether] N,N,N=,N=-tetraacetic acid (EGTA), EDTA plus Cetavlon (EDTAC), tetracycline-HCl, and NaOCl on the Flexural strength using Universal testing machine of the Root Canal Dentine. Materials and Methods: Single rooted extracted teeth were stored in 10% buffered formalin solution and during experimentation, the soft tissue and debris was removed. The specimens were embedded in autopolymerizing acrylic resin, leaving the root canal dentin exposed. Dentin surfaces were prepared for Flexural strength test by grinding and polishing. The reference mechanical strength values using Universal testing machine of untreated specimens were recorded. Thereafter, the specimens treated with single (test solution only) or combined (test solution, followed by 2.5% NaOCl) versions of the chelating agents (EDTA, EDTAC, EGTA, Citric acid and T-HCl) for 5 minutes. Post treatment Flexural strength values using Universal testing machine were obtained. Statistical analysis was performed thereafter. Conclusion: The use of EDTA alone or prior to NaOCl resulted in the maximum decrease in Flexural strength. The softening effect of subsequent NaOCl treatment was both material and region dependent. However, for combined treatment regimens, subsequent use of NaOCl levels the statistical differences between the regional flexural values obtained after treatment with EGTA, EDTAC, and tetracycline-HCl.
Reg. No. 230
Category: Original Research
Depth dependence degree of conversion of composites
Khushboo Gupta
Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Introduction: Composites primarily consist of a polymerizable resin matrix and the silanized inorganic fillers. The most commonly seen morphologies of inorganic fillers are spherical or irregular. Composite resins are widely used in dental restorations, as they are mercury-free and esthetically pleasing to the patient. Their physical properties, such as compressive and tensile strength, elastic modulus, polymerization shrinkage, contraction stress and degree of conversion, play significant roles in the clinical success of resin composite restorations, and light irradiation protocols affect them. Aim: The aim of this study will be to evaluate the degree of conversion and microhardness of bulk-fill resin-based composites. Materials and Methods: Mold used for specimen preparation. Specimens are prepared in different depth. A light curing unit is used for irradiation with the tip of curing light in contact with sample. Surface Microhardness checked and degree of conversion is checked. Conclusion: As microhardness of dental composite is an indirect approximation of the DC at a specified depth, depth of cure can be evaluated similarly by analysing microhardness which provides similar results as DC method.
Reg. No. 231
Category: Original Research
Final endodontic irrigation with glycolic acid enhanced calcium hydroxide removal from apical third
Prachi Jha
Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Introduction: Ca(OH)2 is utilised intracanal due to its remarkable antibacterial effect. However, it is difficult to remove from the canal space, and any solution left behind would compromise sealing ability, as well as cause leakage due to high dissolution capacity and dimensional instability of Ca(OH)2. Elimination of calcium hydroxide is done with mechanical approach along with an irrigant. After attempting to remove the calcium hydroxide, confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) was utilized to assess the cleanliness of the root canal walls (perimeter) and dentinal tubules (depth). Methods: After root canal instrumentation, single-rooted teeth were filled with calcium hydroxide mixed with propylene glycol and 0.1% rhodamine B dye and inserted into canals. The calcium hydroxide dressing was initially removed with 10 mL saline solution and reinstrumentation was performed. Then, the samples were randomly assigned into six experimental groups, according to the irrigant solution: DW, 17% EDTA; 10% Citric acid; 5% Glycolic acid, 10% Glycolic acid, 17% Glycolic acid. A final flush with 5 mL of saline solution was performed. The percentage of clean root canal walls, and the depth of clean dentinal tubules were measured with images of confocal laser scanning microscopy. Statistical analysis was performed thereafter. Conclusion: Irrigation with 37% phosphoric acid, 70% alcohol have shown comparable calcium hydroxide removal. However, passive ultrasonic irrigation does not enhance calcium hydroxide removal when compared to non-activated irrigation.
Reg. No. 232
Category: Original Research
Clinical and radiographic evaluation of endodontic retreatment of human anterior teeth using different retreatment file system
Martina George
Divya Jyoti College of Dental Sciences, Niwari Dehat, Uttar Pradesh, India
Aim: Clinical and radiographic evaluation of endodontic retreatment of human anterior teeth using different retreatment file system. Materials and Methods: Patient with pain in anterior teeth were selected for root canal treatment. Access opening was done. The gutta percha was removed with retreatment file system. Patients were divided into two different groups according to the retreatment files used. In Group 1 patients, gutta percha was removed with Neo endo rotary file systems. In group 2 patients, gutta percha was removed with Hyflex remover rotary file systems. Biomechanical preparation was done. Obturation was done with gutta percha. Post obturation restoration was done. The outcome of the retreatment was evaluated. Clinical and radiographic evaluation was done. Patient was recalled at different time intervals for follow up. Results: The result showed that there is no much difference in retreatment using both file systems.
Reg. No. 233
Category: Original Research
A Comparative evalution of cyclic fatigue resistance of Hyflex EDM, Super Endo gold flex and plex V files in continuous rotary motion: An in vitro study
Swati Saurabh
Inderprastha Dental College, Gaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the resistance to cyclic fatigue of Hyflex EDM, super Endo Gold Flex and Plex V files in continuous rotary motion. Materials and Methods: A total of 5 new size 25.06 taper Hyflex EDM files, Plex V 25.06 and 25.06 taper Super Endo Gold Flex files each were selected. All the selected files were 25 mm in length. Cyclic fatigue testing was evaluated using a custom fabricated device. The artificial canal system made of tempered steel was a mounted on a framework made of iron. The canal system, comprised of stainless-steel block with a 90° angle of curvature and 3 mm width; curvature starting at 6 mm from the tip. All instruments were rotated till fracture occurred and time till fracture of each instrument was recorded in seconds. Results: Results of the current study showed that Hyflex EDM exhibits high cyclic fracture resistance than Super endo flex gold and Plex V Files. This could be due to the making of Hyflex EDM files as they are made of controlled memory (CM) alloy with EDM treatment had significantly higher cyclic fatigue resistance. Conclusion: Hyflex EDM files showed maximum resistance to cyclic fatigue due to their controlled memory alloy with EDM technology.
Reg. No. 234
Category: Original Research
Evaluation of precipitate formation and toxic element analysis with continuous chelation and sequential irrigation regimen – An in vitro study
R. A. Sangavi
Sri Ramachandra Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Background: Ideal disinfection necessitates to harness synergistic effects of irrigants. In root canal ramification, irrigant interaction is unavoidable. Potential harm can happen if byproducts extrude beyond apex. Aim: To evaluate the precipitation in continuous chelation and sequential endodontic irrigation, measure the dry weight of precipitate formed and quantify the toxic elements. Materials and Methods: Group 1, 2, 3,4 are 3% NaOCl, 17% EDTA, 2% Chlorhexidine, 9% Etidronic acid [HEBP] respectively. Group 5 includes continuous chelation with 3% NaOCl, 9% HEBP, 2% Chlorhexidine. Group 6 includes 3% sodium hypochlorite, 17% EDTA, 2% chlorhexidine. Group 7 includes 9% HEBP, 2% chlorhexidine. Group 8 includes 3% NaOCl, 2% Chlorhexidine. Group 9 includes 17% EDTA, 2% Chlorhexidine. Irrigants are mixed and precipitate formed is filtered, dried and weighed. Samples are analysed for arsenic, chromium, nickel, lead, cadmium, beryllium, cobalt using Inductively coupled plasma mass-spectrometry and Gas chromatography mass-spectrometry for parachloroaniline. Results: White Precipitate is formed in Group 5 and brown precipitate in Group 8. Arsenic is detected as 0.434 mg/L in Group 4, 1.681 mg/kg in Group 5, 0.255 mg/L in Group 7. Group 8 contains 0.398 mg/kg Chromium, 0.358 mg/kg Nickel, 0.390 mg/kg Lead. Group 9 contains 0.027 mg/L Chromium,0.131 mg/L Nickel. Parachloroaniline is detected in Group 6, Group 7. Statistical Analysis: Not applicable. Conclusion: There is presence of Parachloroaniline in sequential irrigation and also arsenic compound during continuous chelation mixed with chlorhexidine. Hence to avoid interaction, possibly ultrasonic agitation of saline or distilled water before chlorhexidine can help prevent interaction of irrigants inside root canal.
Reg. No. 235
Category: Original Research
Influence of open apex on working length determination using cone-beam computed tomography and apex locators: A comparative in vitro study
Anooja V. Chandran
Divya Jyoti College of Dental Sciences, Niwari Dehat, Uttar Pradesh, India
Aim of the Study: The aim of this study is to assess the effect of the open apex on working length (WL) determination with aid of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and electronic apex locators (EALs). Materials and Methods: Thirty-two extracted human mandibular premolars were selected, and an apical 5 mm was removed. Root canals were prepared from the apical to the coronal direction of the canal using peeso reamers up to size 5 (retrograde) to simulate an open apex. The samples were analyzed by CBCT, and WL was established (CWL) by a radiologist. An endodontist prepared the access cavities, and visual working length (VWL) was recorded. The samples were embedded in a freshly mixed alginate mold up to the cementoenamel junction. Each root canal length was measured with two different EALs—Root ZX mini and i Root. The measurements were repeated 3 times by using a digital caliper, and the mean was recorded by the endodontist who was blinded to the results of the CWL. The recorded data were statistically analyzed using the SPSS software. Results: The results of this study showed a statistically significant difference between VWL and i Root, CWL and i Root, and Root ZX mini and i Root (p < 0:05). Amongst EALs, a superior accuracy was noted for Root ZX mini than as compared to i Root. However, no statistically significant difference was seen between Root ZX mini and CWL (p > 0:05).
Reg. No. 237
Category: Original Research
Effect of levels of dentin moisture on the push-out bond strength of bioactive glass based endodontic sealer in comparison with a bioceramic root canal sealer
K. Rajeswari
Sri Ramachandra Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Background: Sealing the root canal system is one of the keys to successful root canal therapy. The moisture condition of the root canal dentin may influence the adhesion of sealers to dentin by influencing dentin wettability and, thereby, the sealer penetration. Aim: To examine the influence of levels of dentin moisture on the push-out bond strength of bioactive glass based endodontic sealer [Nishika canal sealer BG (CS-BG)] in comparison with a bioceramic root canal sealer (iRoot SP) Materials and Methods: Twenty four root canals from extracted human decoronated premolars were prepared in vitro to #30/0.09 taper and assigned to 4 moisture condition groups (Zmener et al;): Group1. Ethanol (dry) 2.Paper points (normal moisture) 3. Moist 4. Wet. After drying, the canals were obturated with bioactive glass based sealer (Nishika canal sealer CS-BG) and bioceramic sealer (iRoot SP). The specimens were stored at 37 degree C and 95% relative humidity for 48 h to ensure a complete set of the materials. Then, each root was sectioned into eight slices with 1-mm-thick using a diamond saw (40 slices each group). The push-out strength was tested for each slice between the sealer and dentin wall using a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min, and failure modes were observed under a stereoscopic microscope at a 30x magnification. Statistical Analysis: Results were analysed using Two-way analysis of variance and Tukey test. Results: Study under progress.
Reg. No. 239
Category: Original Research
Dual wavelength combo coherence laser for the eradication of Enterococcus faecalis from root canal system: A multiple photosensitizer technique
S. Anugraha, A. V. Anagha
Malabar Dental College, Edappal, Kerala, India
Background: Though traditional root canal irrigation procedures are an indispensable part of endodontic treatment, additional disinfection strategies such as antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (PDT) are recommended to improve the efficacy of canal sterilisation. In this study, the disinfection efficiency of PDT is evaluated using two different photosensitizers irradiated separately and in combination using combo coherence lasers. Aim: To compare the efficacy of PDT for the eradication of E. faecalis using two different irradiation techniques using combo coherence lasers. Materials and Methods: 20 extracted mandibular premolars with their root canals innoculated with E. Faecalis for 48 hours, instrumented with nickel-titanium instruments and irrigated with 2.5% NaOCl and then randomly distributed into 4 experimental groups;Group 1: Methylene blue, MB (660 nm) for 2 minutes, Group 2: Indocyanine green, ICG (810 nm) for 2 minutes, Group 3: Combination of MB+ICG as a single mixture followed by combocoherence laser irradiation with 660 nm+810 nm for 2 minutes, Group 4: MB (660 nm) followed by ICG (810 nm) for 4 minutes. Samples were taken after instrumentation/irrigation and following the specific PDT procedure for each group and the colony forming units were counted. Statistical Analysis: Performed using One way ANOVA/Kruskal wallis test followed by Tukey's HSD posthoc test, SPSS 26.0. Results: Group 3 and 4 shows more efficient removal of E.faecalis from the root canals compared to group 1 and 2. Conclusion: The eradication of E faecalis by PDT provided better results compared to traditional methods.
Reg. No. 240
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Improving the world, one smile at a time
Nimmi Mary Mathew, N. Krishna Priya
Malabar Dental College, Edappal, Kerala, India
Full mouth rehabilitation entails the performance of all the procedures necessary to produce healthy, aesthetics, functional well-being, and self-maintaining masticatory mechanism. This case reports that a satisfactory clinical result was achieved by restoring the lost esthetics and function in a 32-year-old female patient, who had reported to the Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, with multiple carious lesions, loss of vertical dimensions and poor gingival esthetics. The treatment comprised of multiple RCTs, post and core for severely broken down teeth, prosthetic rehabilitation, gingival zenith correction and gingival depigmentation using diode laser.
Reg. No. 242
Category: Original Research
Effect of N-acetyl cysteine on dentine micro hardness when used along with diode laser and endo-activator
Pinkle George
Bapuji Dental College and Hospital, Davangere, Karnataka, India
One of the main aim in root canal therapy is thorough cleaning of rootcanal to eliminate debris and micro-organisms.In recent studies, N-acetyl cysteine, an acetylated form of amino acid cysteine has found to have antimicrobial efficacy against endodontic pathogens and has shown to be effective in preventing bacterial adhesions. Irrigation solutions used during cleaning and shaping may affect the physical and chemical properties of radicular dentine, including microhardness, which may decrease the sealing of sealers to the dentine walls. This study evaluated the impact of different irrigation protocols on the micro-hardness of radicular dentine. Aim: To compare and evaluate the effect of N-acetyl cysteine in conjunction with diode laser and Endo-activator on root dentine microhardness. Methodology: 30 single –rooted mandibular premolars were decoronatedto obtain a standardized root length of 12 mm.The canals were instrumented with Protaper gold till F3 size after working length was determined and later confirmed with radiograph. The teeth were randomly allocated into 3 groups based on theirrigation protocol, Group 1 –control, Group 2-N-acetyl cysteine with Endo-activator, Group 3-N-acetyl cysteine with Diode laser. After the procedure, the samples were cut into halves and send for Vickers microhardness testing. The data will be statistically analyzed using independent t test. The results and conclusion of the study is yet to be determined.
Reg. No. 244
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of fluid flow pattern in root canal models using Er, Cr:YSGG laser activated irrigation and its computational fluid dynamics – An in vitro study
K. K. Mohammed Yasin, I. Shamseena
Educare Institute of Dental Sciences, Mundiyanthara, Kerala, India
Background: Laser-activated irrigation (LAI) has recently been introduced as newer method for root canal irrigation. There is limited information about mechanism and fluid dynamics. Aim: To visualize the action of laser-induced bubbles and fluid flow pattern generated during Laser activated irrigation (LAI) and its simulation in software for graphically recording computational fluid dynamic. Materials and Methods: An Er, Cr:YSGG laser (Biolase MD Turbo) equipped with novel radial firing tip 200 micro meter is placed stationary at 5 mm from apical stop is used to activate sodium hypochlorite in root canal model prepared in three different apical sizes and taper ISO 30- taper 0.06, ISO 30-taper 0.04, ISO 30-taper 0.02. Fluid flow features in root canal model can be observed using a camera attached with a sufficient lens. The root canal model with exact same dimensions can be created using 3D modelling software and used for the numerical simulation of the irrigant flow. A pressure based, unsteady flow solver with fine grid resolution might be sufficient to capture most of the flow physics in the canal.The variation of flow parameters are examined and the inference obtained is correlated to the images from the visualization method. Stastical Analysis: Comparison of both observations will be analysed using SPSS version 2.1 software. Conclusion: Findings of the study may open door to easier steps for learning and understanding fluid dynamics with newer computational techniques.
Reg. No. 246
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of the effect of orifice enlargers of various file systems on pericervical dentin thickness using CBCT – An in vitro study
C. H. Shreya Sri
SVS Institute of Dental Sciences, Mahbubnagar, Andhra Pradesh, India
Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate and compare the effect of orifice enlargers of various file systems to assess the thickness of Pericervical dentin by using CBCT. Materials and Methods: fifteen permanent mandibular teeth will be collected and divided into 3 groups. Teeth will be mounted in the wax moulds and CBCT analysis will be done. Access cavity preparation will be done with Endo access bur and Endo-Z bur, size 10-k file is used for apical patency and after rotary instrumentation with orifice enlarger of different file systems, second set of CBCT images will be taken. Later pre and post CBCT analysis will be compared for evaluation of loss of amount of pericervical dentin. Results and Conclusion: To be evaluated (study in progress).
Reg. No. 247
Category: Systematic Review
Role of instrumentation motions of single file systems in post operative pain in non-surgical endodontics: A systematic review
Manasi Surwade
MGM Dental College, Navimumbai, Maharashtra, India
Introduction: There is a myth among general population that single-visit endodontic treatment induces more postoperative pain, discomfort, and flare-up. Different instrumentation motions like “rotatory motion,” and “reciprocating” motion are developed to reduce the risks associated with movement of instruments in single file system. Objective: The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate and summarize the studies comparing the effect of continuous rotatory and reciprocating instrumentation motions in single file system on postoperative pain incidence in non-surgical endodontic treatments. Materials and Methods: A systematic review of clinical studies which was conducted according to the PRISMA checklist. The review involved a search of the electronic databases of PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus and grey literature. The included studies were related to the role of instrumentation motions of single file systems in post operative pain in endodontics. Results: Out of the 97 articles which were obtained, irrelevant articles were excluded and a total of 10 articles were selected for this systematic review which assessed the effect of continuous rotatory and reciprocating instrumentation motions in single file system on postoperative pain incidence. Clinical Significance: Various single file systems of different instrumentation motions with the capability to prepare root canals with only one instrument have been introduced for various factors such as less inventory, time saving, clinicians comfort, minimally invasive endodontics and single visit treatment for patients. But at the same time it is crucial to note the incidence of post operative pain for patients with these single file systems.
Reg. No. 248
Category: Original Research
Comparative study of three reciprocating file systems to assess changes in working length during root canal instrumentation and the effect of canal curvature on working length change
G. Nithesh Kumar Reddy, K. Anusha Reddy
Mallareddy Institute of Dental Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
Background: Root canal instrumentation shapes root canals, for root canal filling. Ideal shape is a continuously tapering, conical canal where widest part is at canal orifice and narrowest part is at apical foramen, maintained at its original size and position. In order to achieve this, an accurate measure of root canal working length is essential. Working length guide's clinician during instrumentation and for filling canal to desired apical location. Despite efforts to maintain a consistent working length, numerous studies have shown that a reduction in working length commonly occurs during root canal instrumentation. Aim: Aim of this study is to compare a reduction in working length and area of canal enlargement resulting from instrumentation with WAVE ONE GOLD (Dentsply), JIZAI (MANI), ONE RECI (MICRO MEGA), files. The effect of the canal curvature on the working length and area of canal enlargement was also assessed. Methods: A total of 45 plastic canal models are used, with a canal curvature. Instrumentation of 15 models with canal curvature are performed using each of the file systems up to size 25. Working length measurements are taken before and after instrumentation with each file type. Composite images are made from superimposition of pre- and post-preparation photographs, and difference in area is calculated using ImageJ software. Results: Awaited.
Reg. No. 250
Category: Original Research
Evaluation of the effect of bioactive glass nanoparticles in dentin remineralization and sealer penetration of different root canal sealers
Bhavanasi Vasavi Sunanda
Mallareddy Institute of Dental Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
Context: Successful endodontic treatment is multifactorial which mainly depends up on elimination of smear layer. Eliminating smear layer has shown to affect the adhesion of obturation materials to root dentin. Routine irrigants like NaOCl, EDTA have shown to decrease the microhardness of root dentin. To combat these adverse effects, use of remineralizing agents as final irrigant has been proposed. Aim: To evaluate dentin remineralization when bioactive glass is used as final irrigant and its effect on bio ceramic and resin sealer penetration. Materials and Methods: Sixty extracted mandibular premolars were divided into three groups based on final irrigation protocol. GROUP 1: Normal Saline, GROUP 2:10 ml of 5.25%NaOCl (5 min),10 ml of 17% EDTA (5 min), GROUP 3: 10 ml of 5.25% NaOCl (5 min), 10 ml of 17% EDTA (5 min) + 10 ml of 20 mg Bioactive Glass (10 min). Each group will be divided into two halves. One half of the samples will be evaluated for dentin remineralization using SEM-EDX and the remaining half samples will be obturated using resin sealer and bioceramic sealer and will be evaluated for sealer penetration. Results: Awaiting for the results.
Reg. No. 253
Category: Original Research
Evaluation of apical microleakage with separated rotary instruments: A glucose penetration leakage study
Simran Kaur
J. N. Kapoor Dav Centenary Dental College, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India
Context: Endodontic therapy consists of cleaning and shaping the root canal system, removing organic debris, and sealing the intracanal space with permanent filling materials. A separated instrument will make it difficult for cleaning and shaping of root canals which can result in the failure of the treatment. The clinician has to bypass the instrument and clean and fill the canal in the presence of the broken instrument. Sometimes bypass of an instrument is difficult especially if it is broken in the apical third of the canal. Depending on the preoperative conditions and stage of cleaning and shaping, clinicians may opt to leave the separated fragment in the canal and seal it. Aim: The aim of this study will be to evaluate apical microleakage in root canals containing broken rotary instruments of various sizes, using glucose penetration leakage study. Materials and Methods: 66 extracted human premolars will be decoronated, and root canals will be instrumented with rotary files and divided into six groups – Group IA: #20,4% Group IB: #25,4% Group IC: #30,4% Group IIA: #20,6% Group IIB: #25,6% Group IIC: #30,6%.The files will be scratched 3 mm from the tip by a high-speed handpiece, and they will be intentionally broken in the apical third of the canals. The middle and coronal sections of the canals will be obturated with thermoplasticized gutta percha. Apical microleakage will be measured using the glucose penetration method. Results: The data obtained will be subjected to statistical analysis. Conclusion: The data obtained will be subjected to statistical analysis.
Reg. No. 254
Category: Original Research
Cone-beam computed tomographic analysis of shaping ability of rotary and reciprocating files in oval shaped root canals
Tripti Rathore
Saraswati Dental College, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Context: Large root canals are considered straightforward to treat, and less attention is paid to transportation or excessive preparation while treating them endodontically. Oval cross-sections present a challenge for cleansing all walls of the roots. In the quest to cleanse thoroughly, clinicians may inadvertently work on particular walls more. This can lead to future complications of root cracks and fracture. Hence, canal centering maintenance is vital for endodontic treatment's long-term success. Aim: To evaluate the Shaping Ability of Rotary and Reciprocating files in Oval shaped Root Canals by using Cone Beam Computed Tomography Materials and Methods: 60 teeth with oval canals will be divided into 3 groups, and large root canals will be created with apical diameter #30 (Group 1), #35 (Group 2), or #40 (Group 3) by using hand files. Each group will again be divided into 2 experimental groups (NiTi rotary files and Reciprocating files), and root canals will be instrumented with Jizai (Group 1a, 2a and 3a), Hyflex (Group 1b, 2b and 3b), Wave one (Group 1c, 2c and 3c) and NeoEndo (Group 1d, 2d and 3d). Canals were scanned before and after instrumentation by using cone-beam computed tomography scanner to evaluate mesiodistal transportation, buccolingual transportation, centering ratio, percent increased prepared area (PA), and Canal straightening at 2, 5, and 8 mm from the apex. Results: The data will be subjected to statistical analysis. Conclusion: The data will be subjected to statistical analysis.
Reg. No. 255
Category: Original Research
Influence of saliva contamination and decontamination procedures on shear bond strength of ETCH and rinse adhesive system: An in vitro study
Sadhana Majhi
Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Akkinepallivari Lingotam, Telangana, India
Context: Isolation is very critical for the success of adhesion of the composite resin to dentin as contamination encountered during bonding procedures can lead to a reduction in the bond strength. Etch and rinse adhesive being a multistep process requires separate acid etching, and chances of contamination are more likely due to the increased number of application steps. Aim: This study aims to evaluate and compare the effect of different decontamination surface treatments of the saliva-contaminated dentin on the shear bond strength of etch and rinse adhesives after the acid etching procedure is completed. Materials and Methods: The buccal surfaces of 40 human premolars will be ground to expose dentin and embedded in acrylic resin. Etching and rinsing will be done. The specimens will be divided into four groups. Group 1 (control group without contamination). The rest of the groups will follow contamination with unstimulated freshly prepared saliva and decontamination procedure simultaneously: Group 2 (etching + rinsing + blot drying), Group 3 (NaOCl + sodium ascorbate), Group 4 (NaOCl + Proanthocyanidin). A fifth-generation bonding agent will be used to bond composite to dentin surfaces which will then be subjected to universal testing machine (UTM) to check the shear bond strength. Statistical Analysis: The data obtained will be subjected to Statistical analysis. Results: The results will be subjected to statistical analysis. Conclusion: Not applicable.
Reg. No. 256
Category: Original Research
Evaluation of novel acid-etching protocol using alpha hydroxy acids to 37% phosphoric acid – An in-vitro study
S. P. Jayasooryan
Sri Ramachandra Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Background: Surface etching is a prerequisite step for the micromechanical interlocking of dental resins to enamel and dentin. In etch-and-rinse adhesion strategy, a separate acid etching step dissolves the mineral phase and exposes a collagen dense dentin matrix. In current practice, Phosphoric acid used almost exclusively as the acid etchant. Pa is highly acidic and therefore has an aggressive pattern of demineralization of enamel and has a negative effect on other organic components of the dentin. Due to the aggressive nature of Pa on dental tissues, the investigation of hydroxy acids as alternative etchants has been proposed. The use of a-hydroxy acids (AHAs) has been demonstrated to be successful for bonding to enamel and dentin with results comparable to immediate bond strength values obtained with Pa. Aim: Evaluation of Novel acid-etching protocol using Alpha hydroxy acids to 37% phosphoric acid – an In-vitro study Methodology: Blocks from the enamel buccal surface of 30 extracted Human premolars were exposed using a diamond disc. All blocks were embedded in acrylic resin and polished with silicon carbide paper. The polished specimens were cleaned in deionized water for 15 minutes to remove residual polishing material. Tooth were etched either with 37% mandelic acid, 37% gallic acid and 37% phosphoric acids for 30 seconds under passive application mode. The sample were evaluated microhardness and under scanning electron microscope at 1000X magnification. Result and Conclusion: Study in progress.
Reg. No. 257
Category: Original Research
Effect of root canal solvents on the bond strength of bioceramic sealers to root canal dentin – An in vitro study
A. Varshitha
Sri Ramachandra Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Background: In non-surgical endodontic re-treatment, Gutta-percha removal is done using solvents, heat, mechanical instrumentation, either alone or in combination. Organic solvents like xylene soften and dissolve gutta percha and sealers and aids in removal by hand instrumentation. Root canal dentin exposed to solvents may alter physical and chemical properties of dentin and could affect bond strength of sealers to root canal dentin. Bioceramic- based sealer are preferred sealer of choice in case of endodontic retreatment. Aim: To evaluate the effect of xylene used for GP removal on the push out bond strength of bioceramic sealers to root canal dentin. Methodology: Human single rooted teeth decoronated, root length is standardized. Cleaning and shaping of root canals done till size F3 protaper gold rotary files using 3% NaOCl, saline. Teeth are randomly assigned into two groups based on the chemical treatment. Group I: Use of xylene, Group II: Use of saline. Further divided into two sub-groups, Sub-group A - Epoxy resin sealer (AH Plus), Sub-group B - Bioceramic sealer (Bio-C sealer). Each root is embedded in epoxy resin, 1 slice (1 mm thick) was obtained from each one third of root. Each section subjected to a compressive load via a universal testing machine to check bond strength of sealers to root canal dentin. Results and Conclusion: Study in progress.
Reg. No. 258
Category: Original Research
Root dentin-sealer interface following continuous chelation irrigation – A scanning electron microscope study
P. Swetha
Sri Ramachandra Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Background: Dense, three-dimensional root canal filling is essential for success of endodontic therapy. Sealers fill voids between gutta-percha cones and between gutta-percha and root dentin. Irrigation of root canal is routinely done with NaOCl and EDTA. Recently a newer protocol for irrigation has been introduced, the continuous chelation technique which may alter root dentin surface. There is lacunae in literature regarding impact of components of irrigants on root canal wall following use of Bioceramic sealer. The alterations on root dentin surface and Dentin Sealer interface needs to be studied in detail when using Bioceramic sealers following continuous chelation. Aim: To evaluate interfacial adaptation of bioceramic sealer to dentin following sequential and continuous chelation irrigation. Methodology: Twenty Single-rooted Mandibular Premolar teeth sectioned at cemento-enamel junction to standardise the root length. Teeth will be divided into GROUP 1 - Sequential irrigation (5 ml of 2.5% NaOCl during instrumentation for 1 min followed by rinse with Distilled water, 5 ml of 17% EDTA followed by 5 ml of distilled water for 1 min as final rinse), GROUP 2 – continuous chelation (5 ml of NaOCl/HEBP during instrumentation for 2 mins followed by 5 ml of distilled water as final rinse for 1 min). Instrumentation of the root canal will be done with Protaper Gold NiTi file, irrigation protocol according to the assigned group. Each root will be longitudinally sectioned. Under SEM, representative area from middle and apical third of root canal from each sample will be focused. Voids, gaps at sealer-dentin interface will be analysed. Results and Conclusion: Study in progress.
Reg. No. 260
Category: Systematic Review
Root canal irrigation using sodium hypochlorite verses various laser assisted devices for root canal disinfection systematic review
Rutuja Mane
MGM Dental College, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Root canal irrigation using ultrasonics with sodium hypochlorite verses various laser assisted device for root canal disinfection: Systematic Review Effective endodontic treatment requires the combination of physical and chemical agents to eradicate soft-tissue debris, smear layer, and microorganisms because buildup of debris in the root canal system makes effective cleaning and disinfection impossible. Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is the most commonly used irrigant in endodontics. Activation of irrigants with ultrasonic brings about significant bacterial reduction from the root canal systems. Many studies have proven to have an adjunct methods for sterilization of the canal. The use of lasers at different wavelengths has been proposed to supplement conventional endodontic cleaning procedures. Laser-activated irrigation has been introduced as a powerful method for root canal irrigation. The specific characteristics of laser light, together with the possibility that light can better reach the intricacies of the root canal system, have raised interest in its use for root canal disinfection. Both the use of high-power lasers and the combination of low-power laser light with a photosensitizer have been proposed for this purpose. Different laser assisted device are photo-activated disinfection (PAD), photodynamic disinfection (PDD) or antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT), Er, Cr:YSGG laser, Photon- induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS). Lasers can penetrate to a depth of >1000 micron into dentinal tubules. Laser irradiation has the potential to kill microorganisms & to remove debris & smear layer from root canal efficiently as compared to ultrasonics. The purpose of this study will be to compare the effectiveness of the cleaning and disinfection of root canals by using ultrasonics with sodium hypochlorite verses various laser assisted device in the root canal disinfection.
Reg. No. 262
Category: Original Research
Effect of self-adhesive bulk-fill composite resin on fracture resistance of MOD cavities in maxillary premolar teeth: An in vitro study
P. N. V. Manohar, Vaka Sai Yaswanth
Vishnu Dental College, Kovvada, Andhra Pradesh, India
Background and Objective: Self-adhesive Bulk-fill composite resins are an innovative class of dental materials developed to simplify the restoration procedures. Studies reported that mechanical and adhesive properties of self- adhesive bulk-fill materials vary widely. Hence the effect of self-adhesive bulk-fill composite resins on structural durability needs to be evaluated. Aim of the study: To evaluate the fracture resistance of maxillary premolar teeth with MOD cavities restored with self-adhesive bulk- fill resin composites. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two maxillary premolars are divided into four groups (n=8). Intact teeth in the first group are considered as positive control. MOD cavities will be prepared in the remaining groups. The second group is left unrestored and considered as negative control group. Two different resin composite systems are used to restore the third and fourth groups. Third group is restored with conventional Beautifil bulk-fill and Fourth group is restored with self-adhesive bulk-fill Surefil one composite resin. All samples will be finished and polished with an enhanced finishing kit and stored in distilled water for a month before fracture resistance testing. All the samples will be exposed to the axial loading centered over occlusal surface with cuspal inclination in a computer-controlled universal testing machine via a steel bar (6 mm in diameter) and the maximum applied force in Newton will be recorded as the fracture resistance. Statistical Analysis: Data will be tabulated and analyzed using One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by t-test in order to determine significant differences among groups (P= 0.05). Results and Conclusion: Are awaited.
Reg. No. 263
Category: Original Research
Overcoming needle phobia – Advancement from needle to needleless jet injection technique
Aishwarya Jain
K. M. Shah Dental College and Hospital, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
Aim: To evaluate and compare pain on injection, onset and efficacy of local anesthesia delivered using conventional injections vs needle less Jet injector in maxillary teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. Materials and Methods: After obtaining ethical approval and registering to Clinical Trial Registration India (CTRI NO- CTRI/2022/09/045420), informed consent was obtained. Total sixty patients were enrolled as per the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Systemically healthy patients between 18 – 60 years of age with maxillary teeth having moderate to deep caries with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis having lingering pain with VAS more than 3 were included. Patients with known hypersensitivity to lignocaine, fractured, visibly cracked tooth, developmental anomalies, open apex, non-vital, acute apical abscess or phoenix abscess were excluded from the study. Patients were allocated into two groups using computer randomization (www.randomizer.org): Group 1- Conventional needle injection (n=30), Group 2: Needleless jet injection (n=30). Patients were explained about VAS score and pretreatment VAS (1-10 point) scores were recorded. LA was delivered using conventional needle injection or needle less jet injector depending on the group. Post-operative pain was assessed by blinded evaluator using VAS score immediately after injection. The onset of anesthesia was evaluated at 1, 3 and 5 minutes using pulp sensibility tests and efficacy of LA was assessed by asking the patients about VAS score after 10 minutes. Statistical Analysis: Will be done using independent t test for quantitative data and will be analyzed using IBM SPSS 20 for windows statistical software. Results: Awaited.
Reg. No. 265
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of a non-peroxide (PAP) bleaching agent and 20% carbamide peroxide, with and without laser activation; a short-term in-vivo study
Neenu Palavelil, M. Amheena
Malabar Dental College, Edappal, Kerala, India
Context: Traditional bleaching agents have adverse soft and hard tissue effects. Recently agents containing Phthalimide Peroxy-Caproic-Acid (PAP) are found to be safe and reliable, at the same time as equally as effective as peroxide containing agents. Aim: To compare the whitening efficacy of PAP and Carbamide peroxide (CP) bleaching agents with and without laser activation. Materials and Methods: 16 subjects were selected, randomly allocated to two groups (n=8). For direct comparison between bleaching protocols employed, split-mouth design was used. Group 1: Both sides of dental arches treated with 20% CP, for 2 consecutive 15 minutes periods, totaling 30' of gel action without laser activation on right side (Group1A), left side activated with laser light of 810 nm wavelength for 5';for a total of 30' gel action (Group1B), Group 2: Both sides of dental arches treated with 20% PAP, right side without laser activation (30' gel action) (Group2A), left side with laser activation (30' gel action) (Group2B). Tooth shades assessed using VITA shade guide before and immediately after procedure, after 24 hrs, 1 week and 1 month; and conventional digital photographic method was employed to record it. Results were assessed and compared. Statistical Analysis: Performed using Independent T test. Results: nBoth CP and PAP agents produced significant teeth whitening effect. Laser irradiation promoted better effect. Conclusion: PAP can be used as a safe and effective alternative for tooth whitening.
Reg. No. 268
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
CBCT evaluation and surgical management of a long-standing cystic lesion with foreign body reaction
Sunidhi Agarwal
Seema Dental College and Hospital, Rishikesh, Uttar Pradesh, India
Introduction: Endodontic treatment is considered to be non-successful if there is presence and persistence of peri radicular infection. Often such cases orthograde approach is rarely predictable. Endodontic surgery is recommended in unresolved or long-standing peri radicular infection with clinical symptoms. The present case report highlights the diagnosis and management of unresolved periapical lesion with foreign body reaction to inert root canal filling material. Case Description: Patient reported to the department complaining of intermittent pain and discomfort in front tooth region since 3 months. He had H/o trauma three years back for which he had undergone root canal treatment two years back in the front tooth region. On clinical examination 11 has tooth color crown. The vestibule was tender on palpation and tooth was tender on percussion. Radiographic examination revealed that there was dense radiopacity in the root canal space suggestive of root canal filling material and periapical there was well circumscribed radiolucency of 2 mm. This periapical radiolucency also contained a radiopaque mass. The patient was advised for CBCT following which he was scheduled for periapical surgery. Methodology: Retrograde management of periapical lesion was done with peri apical surgery. Excisional biopsy was done, and subsequent histopathological analysis of the lesion was done. Discussion: The present case report is unique case at it clearly shows that inert material beyond root canal apex can predispose tooth to foreign body reaction and non-healing of periapical lesion. The CBCT and histological diagnosis aid in managing the case successfully.
Reg. No. 269
Category: Original Research
Deducing the enigma of mandibuar premolars – A CBCT based study on central Gujarat population
Devashree Govind Darak
K. M. Shah Dental College and Hospital, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
Aim: To evaluate the root canal configuration of mandibular premolars and its relation to mental foramina based on CBCT in Central Gujarat population. Materials and Methods: CBCT scans for 250 premolars were taken from the vadodara population.(K M Shah dental college & hospital and smart scan CBCT center, vadodara). All the scans would be evaluated by the trained principal investigator and co- investigator. DICOM files of CBCT scans will be evaluated in Sagittal, coronal and axial sections. The following information would be recorded: Root canal configuration of mandibular premolars according to Vertucci (1984) in Sagittal & coronal section of CBCT. Number of canals seen in mandibular premolars in axial section of CBCT. Presence of bifurcation or trifurcations and Level of apical bifurcation or trifurcation if present in the root canals, Isthmus and its types in mandibular premolars. Distance of root apex of mandibular posterior teeth from mental foramen in saggital section of CBCT, Degree of Curvature present in any of the root canal of mandibular first and second premolars in saggital or Coronal section of CBCT. This will then be further evaluated by blinded co-investigator. Results: Awaited. Conclusion: Awaited.
Reg. No. 273
Category: Original Research
OPG assisted inferior alveolar nerve block: A ray of hope against multiple shots
Dikshit Solanki
K. M. Shah Dental College and Hospital, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
Background: The inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) block is one of the most used techniques for giving local anesthesia to mandibular teeth. However, the success rate of it is around 19-56% in symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (SIP) cases. It can be due to various reasons i.e., cross innervations, bifid mandibular foramen, etc. Therefore, Clinicians require supplemental injections during access opening, especially in mandibular molars. OPG (Orthopantomogram) is a commonly advised radiograph when multiple teeth are involved. The location of the mandibular foramen, the opening where the IAN enters to supply mandibular teeth, can be determined easily on an OPG. So, if local anesthesia is administered after calculating mandibular foramen's presence on an OPG then the IAN can be anesthetized effectively. This idea provided the impetus to conduct this clinical trial. Aim: To evaluate and compare the clinical efficacy of conventional inferior alveolar nerve block technique with OPG- assisted inferior alveolar nerve block technique. Materials and Methods: 28 Patients (to get a power of 80%) presenting with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (SIP) in mandibular molars were divided into 2 Groups (N=14). Group A (control group): The conventional IAN block was given. Group B: An OPG Of the patient was taken and the location of the mandibular foramen was measured and then the IAN block was given. Statistical Analysis: The success of the anaesthesia was evaluated and compared statistically using chi-square test. Results: Awaited. Conclusion: Awaited.
Reg. No. 274
Category: Original Research
Winged v/s wingless who performs batter?
Rohan Jiteshkumar Doshi
K. M. Shah Dental College and Hospital, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
Background: In the era of adhesive dentistry, complete isolation while working is required. The gold standard rubber dam is retained on the tooth using two different types of clamps: wingless and winged (special clamps/tissue protectors). Since no research has been done to compare their clinical efficacy, the current investigation was carried out. Aim: To evaluate and compare the post-operative pain and clinical efficacy of winged and wingless clamps during rubber dam isolation of class I restoration. Materials and Methods: Ethics clearance and CTRI registration were completed. A total of 60 patients were enrolled after obtaining informed consent and doing sample size calculations. Patients between the ages of 18 and 60 who had mild to moderate class I caries in their permanent molars were included in the study. Patients with poor oral hygiene and known latex allergies were disqualified from the trial. Using computer randomization (www.randomizer.org), participants were divided into two groups: - Group 1: wingless clamps (n=30), Group 2: winged clamps (n=30). After administering LA and choosing the appropriate clamps, the teeth were prepared, the caries were excavated, and a composite restoration was completed. Shah's and Kothari's self-designed clinical evaluation criteria for rubber dam were used in the evaluation. Statistical Analysis: Statistical Analysis was done. Chi-square test was applied for evaluation in intra group using software SPSS version 22 by IBM SPSS. Results: Awaited.
Reg. No. 277
Category: Systematic Review
Modern restorative approach for restoration of endodontically treated teeth – An overview
Suparna Ganguly Saha
College of Dental Science and Hospital, Rau, Madhya Pradesh, India
Endodontically treated posterior teeth are more susceptible to biomechanical failures because of unrestorable caries, impact of endodontic access cavity preparation, alteration in moisture content and collagen structure, loss of tooth structure during chemomechanical preparation and loss of proprioception. Adequate post endodontic rehabilitation plays a primary role in determining the long term survival of such teeth. Sufficient circumferential supramarginal tooth structure, residual tooth volume, number of remaining walls, tooth location and proximal contacts are now considered relevant for improved clinical performance. Teeth restored expeditiously with cuspal coverage restorations, where required, ensure enhanced survival in contrast to delayed placement of crowns. The continued evolution of dental materials and techniques combined with a progressive trend towards more conservative endodontic restorative procedures warrant reappraisal of the traditional approach of indiscriminately providing full coverage restorations for all teeth. Advancements in adhesive technologies, use of fiber reinforced composite materials, silorane based composites and bulk-fill composites, have brought about a revolution in the restoration of endodontically treated teeth. Bonded indirect ceramic crowns in the form of onlays, overlays and endocrowns have been documented as minimally invasive treatment options for restoring larger defects. Of further interest, is the emerging research relating to digital technology, micro-tissue engineering by enhancing the cross-linking of collagen and utilizing nanoparticle technologies to stabilize the dentine matrix. The aim of this literature review is to emphasize the recent therapeutic options for post endodontic restorations, the factors governing the decision making process and the fundamental principles along with the adhesive techniques for long term clinical success.
Reg. No. 279
Category: Original Research
Evaluation of solubility and precipitate formation of fumaric acid with other endodontic irrigants – An in vitro study
V. N. Priyankaa
Sri Ramachandra Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Background: Formation of smear layer during root-canal treatment is an inevitable process which contains organic and inorganic components. Hence chemo-mechanical preparation is essential for complete debridement and disinfection. The most commonly used combination includes NaOCl and EDTA for the effective removal of smear layer. However, many studies indicate EDTA to be ineffective at the apical third of the root canal. In addition, when both NaOCl and CHX solutions are used consecutively, results in the formation of precipitate (para) which is carcinogenic to humans. In recent times, a newer irrigant known as fumaric acid- a trans isomer of maleic acid that has anti-carcinogenic, anti-inflammatory properties has been experimented as an alternative to EDTA. Thus, this study focuses on evaluation of solubility and precipitate formation of fumaric acid when used with other endodontic irrigants. Aim: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the precipitate formation when 0.7% fumaric acid interacts with other conventional endodontic irrigants. Methods: Conventional endodontic irrigants such as 3% sodium hypochlorite, 17% EDTA, normal saline and newer irrigant 0.7% fumaric acid is used. Group (1): 3% sodium hypochlorite + 0.7% fumaric acid; Group (2): 17% EDTA + 0.7% fumaric acid; Group (3): saline + 0.7% fumaric acid. Each irrigants separately and the mixture formed after the manipulation of irrigants is later subjected to mass spectrophotometry for evaluation of precipitate. Results and Conclusion: Study in progress.
Reg. No. 280
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Removal of bioceramic sealer and epoxy resin-based sealer using rotary retreatment file system supplemented with solvent and passive ultrasonic agitation from root canal: An in vitro study
Pooja Barghare
MGM Dental College, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Introduction: Nonsurgical root canal treatment can fail due to intra and extra-canal bacteria, inadequate shaping and cleaning of canals, lack of good coronal seal, untreated, unfilled or overfilled root canal spaces, and iatrogenic errors. The rationale of retreatment is complete removal of the infected residual root canal filling materials to allow for better disinfection of the root canal system and closer adaptation of the obturating material. Bioceramic sealers have biomineralization capacity and thereby form strong chemical bonding with the root dentin. Removal of these sealers often poses challenges during retreatment. regardless of the technique used, complete removal of the obturation material is not achieved, particularly in the apical third of the root canals. Passive ultrasonic agitation may improve the removal of these filling materials. Methodology: Seventy-two human extracted teeth were equally divided in 4 group, obturation was performed in group 1 and group 2 with AH plus sealer and in group 3 and 4 with ceraseal bio ceramic sealer. After 1 month, retreatment was performed. Removal of gutta-percha from Group 2 and 4 was done with ultrasonic agitation of solvent and in from group 1 and 3 gutta percha removed without ultrasonic agitation. After sectioning, the remaining filling material will be valuated under stereomicroscope. Results: Study is ongoing, the results will be presented after completion of the study.
Reg. No. 281
Category: Systematic Review
Oral health barriers and treatment needs among transgender population
Isha Tiwari
Institute of Dental Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
Background: Transgender and gender nonconforming (TGNC) people are a marginalized set of the population that continues to experience health care inequalities. Transgender people are mostly victims of barriers which eventually lead to compromised oral health. Oral health is apparently compromised among the transgenders. The objective of this SR is to evaluate the barriers and treatment needs among transgender population. Materials and Methods: The main database used to access studies were PUBMED, SCOPUS, WEB OF SCIENCE and GOOGLE SCHOLAR using keywords pertaining to topic. The full text of selected articles were read and data extraction was done. Quality of studies was evaluated using modified CONSORT. Results: To be awaited. Conclusion: To be awaited.
Reg. No. 282
Category: Original Research
Effectiveness of optically modified photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy of root canals against multispecies bacterial biofilm
V. B. Srinidhi
St. Joseph Dental College, Duggirala, Andhra Pradesh, India
Background: Performing photodynamic therapy in root canal is difficult due to limited light penetration into root canal to activate photosensitizers. Utilizing the surface Plasmon resonance of silver nanoparticles will enhance the activation of photosensitizers by wavelength specific light source. Aim: (a) To improve the light absorption characteristics of photosensitizers by addition of silver nanoparticles of different shapes (b) to evaluate antibacterial effectiveness of these modified photosensitizers against multispecies bacterial biofilm. Methodology: Root canal sample from tooth diagnosed with pulpal necrosis will be taken to isolate and cultivate multispecies bacteria. Silver nanoparticles of spherical and triangle shape will be mixed with curcumin and temoporfin photosensitizers respectively after determination of minimal inhibitory concentration and minimal bactericidal concentration of both silver nanoparticles and photosensitizers. Fifty sound single rooted human teeth will be instrumented after access cavity to size 35 ISO size. Teeth will be sterilized followed by inoculation of multispecies bacteria into root canal. The teeth will be incubated for two weeks for biofilm formation. Root canal sample will be taken to determine baseline colony forming unit. The teeth will be randomly divided into five groups: (a) sodium hypochlorite (b) temoporfin alone (c) temoporfin with triangular silver nanoparticles (d) circumin activated with blue light (e) circumin with spherical silver nanoparticles. After photodynamic therapy of root canal, bacterial samples will be taken to determine colony forming unit. Results: Study in progress.
Reg. No. 283
Category: Original Research
Assessment and shade matching of color parameters of composites before and after curing: A spectrophotometric analysis
Dasari Akhil
Narayana Dental College, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India
Background: Accurate selection of shades in restorative dentistry is mandatory for clinical success. Improved shade guides, shade-taking devices have the potential of achieving excellent colour matched restorations. Shade guides are subjective and relies on dentist skills and on lighting conditions. Portable spectrophotometers are considered objective, reliable, and accurate because ambient light does not influence the quality of spectral acquisitions. Shade information via the (CIE)'s color notation system based on the L*, a*, b* axis is exported in numerical values related to visual shades, eliminating the influence of ambient light and the observer's subjectivity. Aim: The aim of this study is to compare the composite shade matching of teeth visually and by spectrophotometry. Materials and Methods: CIE l a,b values of 15 extracted human anterior teeth and the shades of the composites will be determined by using spectrophotometry analysis. Prior to the tooth preparation the matched la,b values of teeth and composite shade will be individually evaluated by two examiners. Tooth preparation will be done and restored with the matched composite shade. Then the restored teeth will be again evaluated by the two examiners. After curing the CIE l, a, b value of the restoration will be calculated by spectrophotometer. Results: Study is in progress.
Reg. No. 284
Category: Original Research
Evaluation of longevity of cervical restorations using gingival composite: A randomised clinical trial
Yasmeen Mohammed Azeem
G. Pulla Reddy Dental College and Hospital, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India
Background: Non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) are characterized by loss of hard tissue at the cementoenamel junction in the absence of caries that is commonly caused by both pathological and physiological tooth wear. The restoration of NCCLs is a commonly preferred treatment choice in the presence of uncontrolled hypersensitivity, poor aesthetic appearance, uncontrolled plaque retention, clear lesion progression, and increased cervical caries risk. When tooth-coloured restorative materials are utilized to restore NCCLs the disproportionate appearance of the visible crown may give a dissatisfying result. To overcome the un aesthetic appearance, gingival composites may be a solution. P- Non-Carious Cervical lesions, I-Gingival composites, C- Injectable composites, O- Evaluation of longevity of restoration using FDI criteria, S- Pilot study. Aim and Objective: The aim of this randomized clinical trial is to compare the clinical performance of gingival composite and injectable composite in non-carious cervical restorations over a period of one month using FDI criteria. Materials and Methods: In this trial, total of 20 patients having minimum 2 non-carious cervical lesions will be selected and restored using BEAUTIFIL II Gingiva and BEAUTIFIL Injectable composite resin following which two experienced and calibrated examiners will evaluate the restorations using the World Federation criteria (FDI) at baseline and one month of clinical service. Statistical Analysis: Results will be statistically analysed using SPSS software. Results and Conclusion: “Study is in progress.”
Reg. No. 285
Category: Original Research
Anesthetic efficacy of ropivacaine and lidocaine in irreversible pulpitis: A randomised controlled trial
Paluru Harika
Government Dental College and Hospital, RIMS, Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh, India
Background: Local Anesthesia is the effective method of pain control in root canal therapy. The Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block (IAN) block is certainly the most used mandibular injection technique to achieve local anesthesia for endodontic treatments. The failure rate of IAN blocks represents a common clinical problem for the treatment of mandibular posterior teeth with irreversible pulpitis. Lignocaine is the most popularly used local anesthetic in dentistry. In this study, an alternate anesthetic agent Ropivacaine will be used which is efficient in providing potent prolonged anesthesia without the addition of vasoconstrictor (Adrenaline), thus avoiding the associated undesirable cardiovascular effects. Problem: Irreversible pulpitis, Intervention: 0.75% Ropivacaine, Comparison: 2%Lidocaine with 1:80,000 epinephrine, Outcome: Anesthetic efficacy using Visual Analog scale. Aim: The present study aims to evaluate the Anesthetic efficacy of Ropivacaine using visual analog scale. Materials and Methods: In this study, Patients will be randomly assigned in to two groups (n= 26). Before administering the anesthesia, the patients will be asked to rate their pain using a Heft-Parker visual analogue pain scale following a cold test. After IANB injection Lidocaine with 1:80,000 epinephrine and Ropivacaine will be injected for respective groups. 15 minutes after anesthesia, teeth will be tested with same cold test and Patients will be instructed to rate any pain during access cavity preparation and instrument inserted in to the root canal. Statistical Analysis: Chi square test. Results: In progress.
Reg. No. 288
Category: Systematic Review
Lasers in post operative pain control after root canal therapy – Published data analysis
Vallapareddy Sriya Saatwika
Narayana Dental College, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India
Post-operative pain is one of the most common tangible outcomes manifested after root canal therapy in patients, which can have a considerable influence on quality of life. In recent years, intracanal laser irradiation has been used in root canal preparation, gaining acceptance for its disinfection ability as adjunct to the conventional mechanical instrumentation and irrigation protocols available. Diode lasers (810, 940, and 980 nm wavelengths) exhibit high water transmission, which allows them to interact with the microorganisms located in the deeper layers of dentinal tubules. In the literature many clinical studies have been published with Lasers evaluating the post operative pain after root canal treatment. Aim and Objective: This paper aims to critically evaluate the evidence available regarding the effects of laser disinfection on post operative pain. Materials and Methods: Electronic databases, including PubMed & Google scholar were searched for studies published until august 2022 on post operative pain when lasers were used as a disinfectant during root canal treatment in the control group. The Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms, synonyms, and free keywords in the search strategy were defined based on the PICOS17 strategy described below: P – Individuals submitted to endodontic procedures, I – Laser, C – Without Lasers, O – Post operative pain, S – In vivo study. Statistical Analysis: Personalized Data Extraction will be formulated which include conditions like the published Journal, Year, Author, Diagnosis, Type of Laser, Control group, Number of visits, Scale, Post operative time intervals, Study Design, Conclusion etc. Results: Qualitative analysis has to be done.
Reg. No. 289
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Broken but not separated – A biologic restoration
Pushpa Kumari
Government Dental College and Hospital, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India
Context: Coronal fractures are most common form of dental trauma. Complicated crown fractures involve enamel, dentin and pulp. One of the options for managing coronal tooth fracture is reattaching the tooth fragment as it offers a conservative aesthetic and cost-effective restoration option. Reattachment of fragment to fractured teeth can provide good and long-lasting aesthetics, restores function and can be used as an alternative to restoration with resin-based composites as full coverage crowns. Aim: To aim is to present a case of reattaching a complicated crown fracture. Materials and Methods: Patient came with complain of pain and mobility of upper anterior teeth region. The fractured fragment was grade III mobile and attached to the soft tissue, first the fragment was removed then the tooth was root canal treated. Post space preparation was done in the root as well as the fractured crown. The palatal margin was subgingival so flap was reflected surgically to expose the margin and achieve isolation during fracture reattachment. Conclusion: Reattachment of the fractured fragment is a viable and conservative treatment option.
Reg. No. 290
Category: Original Research
Comparative analysis of fluoride recharge and wear resistance of GIC modified with nano-chitosan, nano-hydroxyapatite and arginine particles: In-vitro study
V. P. Thejashwini, Hima Bindu
Government Dental College and Hospital, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India
Background: Conventional GICs are considered to be the time-tested gold standard direct restorative material for fluoride release and recharge. This effect of fluoride release is seen to reduce over time. GICs also have a low wear resistance. Arginine, chitosan and nanohydroxyapatite particles have a potential to improve the fluoride release and also strength. In this study, these three particles have been added to type II GIC to improve the fluoride recharge and wear resistance. Aim: To compare the fluoride recharge and release potential and wear resistance of GICs modified with nano-chitosan, arginine, and nano-hydroxyapatite particles through in vitro analysis. Materials and Methods: Type II GIC is modified by adding nano-chitosan, nano-hydroxyapatite and arginine particles to the powder. 1” diameter disks are created for each of the groups using Teflon molds. Group 1: Type II GIC only, Group 2: Type II GIC + nano-chitosan particles to GIC powder, Group 3: Type II GIC + nanohydroxyapatite particles to GIC powder, Group 4: Type II GIC + arginine particles to GIC powder. These disks are immersed in deionized water for 21 days, replacing the water every 24 h. On 21st day, 1.23%APF gel was applied to test the fluoride recharge. Fluoride release was measured before and after recharge. For analysis of wear resistance, the discs are subjected to electronic tooth brush simulation and the loss of material is measured. Statistical Analysis: Repeated measures ANOVA. Results: Under progress. Conclusion: Under progress.
Reg. No. 291
Category: Original Research
Comparison of shear bond strength and microleakage in composite restorations of class II MOD cavities reinforced with titanium mesh and ribbond fibers
Gudimella Haripriya, Amani Makkapati
Government Dental College and Hospital, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India
Background: Posterior teeth with extensive caries are prone to fracture due to limited residual tooth structure. Though the evolution of restorative materials offers many advantages, there is a constant need for newer advancements to enhance the treatment outcome. Aim: To compare the shear bond strength and microleakage in class II MOD cavities reinforced with titanium mesh and Ribbond fibers and restored with nanohybrid composite. Materials and Methods: Forty-five extracted (n=45) premolars were taken and class II cavities were made with the dimensions of 2 mm occlusal depth, 4 mm proximal depth and 2 mm width gingival seat. After cavity preparation, the teeth were divided into 3 groups based on the reinforcement material used. Group 1 (n=15) served as control where no reinforcement was done. In Group 2 the cavity was reinforced by adapting a titanium mesh along the pulpal floor and axial wall on a layer of unpolymerized composite. In Group 3 Ribbond fibers were oriented horizontally over pulpal floor and gingival seat. After reinforcing, the cavities were restored. Shear bond strength will be analyzed using universal testing machine and microleakage by Stereomicroscope. Statistical Analysis: Statistical analysis will be done using one way ANOVA if the data follows normal distribution or Kruskal Wallis test if the data doesn't follow normal distribution. Inter group comparison will be done using Tukey's post hoc test. Results and Conclusion: To be obtained.
Reg. No. 294
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Effect of diode laser in outcome of pulpotomy in permanent teeth having symptoms indicative of irreversible pulpitis
Prajakta Suresh Vetal
Dr. R. Ahmed Dental College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Context: The improved understanding of pulp biology and the regenerative and healing potential of the inflamed pulp has encouraged the adoption of Vital Pulp Therapy (VPT). Conservation of tooth in terms of structure & function and preservation & maintenance of pulp vitality is pivotal in minimally invasive endodontics. Aim: Evaluation of effect of diode laser in outcome of pulpotomy in permanent teeth having symptoms indicative of irreversible pulpitis. Materials and Methods: Decontamination, Hemostatic, Bio-stimulation these are effect of Diode Laser in conjunction with Biodentine have the ability to stimulate odontoblast like cells for reparative dentine formation. In this case report, under LA and rubber dam isolation pulp chamber accessed &coronal pulp tissue removed, hemorrhage controlled by applying Diode Laser followed by placement of biodentine and RMGIC. Final restoration done with resin-bonded composite restoration. Results: The regression of clinical signs and symptoms and resolution of apical radiolucency and positive response to pulp sensibility test observed at recall appointments. Conclusion: A more conservative approach of Pulpotomy in cases of Irreversible Pulpitis, where the favourable outcome depends on healing capability of the remaining pulp as well as the biocompatibility of the material used.
Reg. No. 295
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Combined root canal treatment and vital pulp therapy for the management of mature permanent mandibular molar teeth – A case series
Tanya Bansal
Dr. R. Ahmed Dental College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
The type of diseased status of pulp found in multirooted teeth may vary from one root canal to the other. Current endodontic treatment strategies allow for different treatment options such as Vital Pulp Therapy, Root Canal Treatment and Regenerative Endodontic Therapy depending upon the status of pulp in a specific root canal. Considering the advantages of Vital Pulp Therapy over Root Canal Treatment in maintaining proprioception, hydration of tooth, defense mechanism and reduction in the propensity of tooth fracture has encouraged the adoption of Vital Pulp Therapy over Conventional Root Canal Treatment .The concept of Minimally Invasive Endodontics and introduction of hydraulic Calcium Silicate based materials with good sealing and bioactive potentials have opened a new era in Vital Pulp Therapy with more favourable outcomes. The prognosis of Vital Pulp Therapy in mature permanent teeth with the pulp exposed due to caries, depends upon proper case selection, strict aseptic conditions, biomaterial used and proper coronal seal. The presentation here demonstrates a case series of conservative approach using Combined Treatment modalities in Mature Permanent Mandibular Molar teeth on the basis of clinical and radiographical assessment.
Reg. No. 296
Category: Original Research
Effect of different flowable liners on cuspal deflection and fracture resistance in maxillary premolars restored with bulk-fill composite – An in vitro study
Krupali Kalena Dineshbhai, Axali Parmar
Government Dental College and Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
Background: Polymerization shrinkage and cuspal deflection has been considered the most noteworthy drawback of composite restoration. Flowable liners produces an intermediate thin layer, suggesting to absorb shrinkage stress. Aim: To evaluate the effect of different flowable liners on cuspal deflection and fracture resistance in maxillary premolars restored with bulk fill composite. Materials and Methods: 48 MOD cavities were prepared in extracted human maxillary premolar teeth. The cavities (n=12) were prepared and randomly divided into 4 groups. Group I, II and III was lined with Neospectra ST, Tetric N Ceram and Filtek 3M liners respectively and all of them were further restored using Tetric N ceram bulk fill composite. 12 Intact teeth were taken as positive control and prepared and not restored teeth were as negative control group. Cuspal deflections were recorded using a digital micrometer. All of the specimens subjected to a compressive load in a universal Instron Testing Machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min until a fracture. Statistical Analysis: The data were analyzed using one way-ANOVA followed by the post-hoc tukey test. Results: Statistically significant differences were found between tested group in regards to cuspal deflection and fracture resistance. Neospectra ST shown highest fracture resistance and Tetric N-ceram shown least cuspal deflection. Conclusion: Different flowable liners has impact on fracture resistance and cuspal deflection of tooth restored with composite.
Reg. No. 297
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of sealing ability of four different restorative materials used as a pre-endodontic build up: An in vitro study
Komal Diliprao Suryavanshi
Yogita Dental College and Hospital, Khed, Maharashtra, India
Aim: To compare and evaluate the sealing ability of Flowable, Dual cure, Packable composite and flowable light cure Glass ionomer cement used as a Pre-endodontic build up restorative materials. Background: Pre-endodontic build up restorative materials should render the seal of the access cavity wall to prevent marginal leakage. Materials and Methods: Eighty freshly extracted molars were selected for the study and were cut above the CEJ. The mesial or distal half of the tooth stump was removed to prepare 5–6 mm steps using a diamond bur. All the samples were divided into four groups (n=20). Pre-endodontic build up restoration was done with Group 1: flowable composite, Group 2: dual cure composite, Group 3: packable composite and Group 4: flowable light cure GIC to restore the missing portion of the tooth stump. The cavity were shaped using a diamond bur, the apex and its periphery were sealed with a self-curing acrylic resin. The root canals were irrigated, filled with calcium hydroxide and sealed using temporary sealing materials. The samples were thermocycled 500 times and immersed in an aqueous solution of methylene blue. After 2 days, they were cut along the long axis of the tooth and the depth of dye penetration was measured at the dentin and restorative side. Statistical Analysis: Data were analyzed using Anova and Post-Hoc Tukey test. Results: Result will be displayed later.
Reg. No. 298
Category: Original Research
Evaluation of pushout bond strength of surface treated glass fiber posts using universal adhesive and resin luting cement with and without silanisation: An in vitro study
Chundi Sai Vinitha, Yadapalli Praharshini
G. Pulla Reddy Dental College and Hospital, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India
Context: Endodontically treated teeth that lack coronal tooth structure are exposed to shearing chewing forces and commonly need the placement of a post to provide adequate retention of a core foundation. Durability of the post relies on the development of a strong bond between the luting cement and the intraradicular dentin, as well as between the luting cement and post material. Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of universal bonding agent and surface treatment with and without silanisation of the post on the pushout bond strength of glass fiber posts cemented with resin luting cement to intraradicular dentin. Materials and Methods: A total of 30 Maxillary single rooted roots will be prepared and obturated using lateral condensation technique followed by post space preparation. Universal bonding agent (CLEARFIL TRI S BOND Universal, kuraray) will be applied into the canal and cured. Glass fiber post (Reforpost glass fiber, Angelus) will be surface treated (9% HF, ultradent) and are randomly divided into 2 groups based on silanisation (Silane, ultradent), group I (n=15): no silanisation, group II (n=15): silanisation. The resin luting cement will be inserted inside the root canal, the post will be positioned, cured and sectioned into 3 parts (cervical, middle, and apical). The push-out test will be conducted at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Result and Conclusion: Study in progress.
Reg. No. 299
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Coronal pulpotomy using PRF and biodentine in a mature permanent molar tooth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis: A case report
Ragini Kumari
Dr. R. Ahmed Dental College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Introduction: Pulpotomy is a vital pulp therapy in which the coronal portion of the pulp is removed and the remaining radicular pulp is preserved and a suitable material (PRF+Biodentine) is placed that protects the pulp from further injury and promotes healing. Preserving the pulp is important in the treatment of carious exposures in young permanent teeth or primary molars. Aim: To evaluate the outcome of pulpotomy in permanent teeth having symptoms indicative of irreversible pulpitis using PRF & Biodentine. Case Report: Under LA and rubber dam isolation, access opening was done followed by removal of coronal portion and Haemostasis was achieved with the help of NaOCl cotton pellets followed by placement of PRF, Biodentine and RMGIC. Final restoration done with resin-bonded composite restoration. Conclusion: In the present case, the advantages of the growth factor releasing potential of PRF and the sealing ability of Biodentine are utilized to accelerate the healing of irreversible inflamed pulp tissue. Hence, it can be considered as an alternative to Conventional Root Canal Treatment to preserve the vitality of tooth.
Reg. No. 301
Category: Original Research
Evaluation of patient and clinician related outcomes in anterior esthetic restorations with one-shaded and group-shaded composites: A randomized clinical trial
Paleti Pranavi Teja
Dr. Sudha and Nageswara Rao Siddhartha Institute of Dental Sciences, Allapuram, Andhra Pradesh, India
Background: Direct composite restorations are the first treatment of choice for restoring anterior teeth affected with caries or fracture. The esthetic success of composite restorations depends, to a great extent, on their optical properties that should mimic those of natural teeth. The problem of color-matching techniques remains unresolved in direct resin composite restorations because they are dependent on the experience level of clinicians. In the present study, the concept of “One-shade or Single-shade” composite resins has been implemented to eliminate the need for shade matching procedure. P: Shade matching of composite resins, I: Omnichroma (One-shaded composites), C: Tetric N Ceram (Group shaded composites), O: Color matching (FDI criteria), Patient satisfaction (Pyschological Impact of Dental Aesthetic Questionnaire- PIDAQ), S: Randomized Clinical Trial. Aim and Objecive: To compare the color matching ability and patient satisfaction of one-shaded and group shaded composites. Materials and Methods: Patients with Class3 or Class4 lesions or fractured teeth without signs & symptoms of pulpitis will be included, and will be allocated to two groups randomly. The teeth in one group will be restored with one-shaded resin composite & with group-shaded composite in the other. Color matching and patient satisfaction at baseline and after 1 month followup will be evaluated. Stastical Analysis: will be analyzed using student t-test. Results and Conclusion: “Study still in progress.”
Reg. No. 304
Category: Original Research
Analysis of stress distribution among two different root repair materials at various levels of root perforations in mandibular molar teeth: A finite element analysis
Mummidivarapu Sai Sravya
Government Dental College, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India
Background: Root canal perforations form communications between the root canal system and the periodontium leading to poor prognosis of the tooth due to reduced fracture resistance. Now a days novel perforation repair materials were developed. Selecting perforation repair material is utmost importance for proper sealing. Among the root repair materials, MTA is the gold standard material. This study is intended to compare MTA with a new ready to use bioceramic material. Aim: This study aimed to assess and compare the stress distribution using MTA and Bio C root repair materials for repairing perforation sites. Materials and Methods: 1. MTA, 2. Bio C root repair, Two groups were taken each were divided into three subgroups: Group1- Repaired with MTA; Subgroup 1A-No perforation, 1B-Furcal perforation, 1C-Strip perforation, Group2 - Repaired with Bio C repair; Subgroup 2A-No perforation, 2B-Furcal perforation, 2C-Strip perforation. Perforation size is standardised with a diameter of 1-1.2 mm and length of 2 mm for furcal perforation. Strip perforation is made between middle and cervical 3rd of tooth which is 1.2 mm wide and 7 mm long.3-D reconstruction is done using CBCT images, thus anatomically accurate models were obtained. These were used to construct FEA models. FEA analysis will be done to predict the biomechanical response of teeth with perforation repair using above mentioned materials, thus helping in predicting the prognosis of tooth. Results and Conclusion: Study is still under progress.
Reg. No. 311
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Building endodontic success stories with pre-endodontic restorations
Mrunalini Jitendra Vaidya
YMT Dental College, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
A favorable long-term biologic, radiographic and clinical outcome of endodontic treatment, based on the classic endodontic triad of adequate access, thorough cleaning and shaping and a three-dimensional obturation in teeth with one or more missing axial walls, can be achieved only if pre-endodontic build up is done. The causative factors like remnants of carious dentin and pathologic microflora or the faulty restorations with microleakage, or the crack lines, which caused irreversible damage to the pulp, have to be eliminated while doing the endodontic access cavity preparation. Adequate replenishment and containment of the irrigating agent while cleaning and shaping is possible with all the axial walls intact. A number of clinical trials and systematic reviews were carried out to investigate various temporary dressing materials and its seal, abrasion and dislodgment rate. The replacement of missing walls before the beginning of the endodontic treatment definitely reduces the chances of and the stress associated with dislodgement of the temporary restorations. Removal of decay and crack lines help to assess the restorative prognosis. The pre-endodontic restorations minimize fractures till the definitive restorative procedures can be carries out. This paper aims to discuss a series of cases with radiographic and clinical pictures of step-by-step procedures for pre-endo build up of structurally compromised teeth to focus on the techniques such as canal projection, deep margin elevation, material of pre-endo build-ups. It also highlights the need, advantages, appropriate time to do pre-endo restorations and limitations of same.
Reg. No. 313
Category: Original Research
Clinical and radiographic evaluation of endodontic treatment of human teeth using different file systems
A. Pritish Kumar Reddy
Divya Jyoti College of Dental Sciences, Niwari Dehat, Uttar Pradesh, India
Introduction: Endodontic therapy in teeth has been performed using various instrumentation techniques. Various rotary instruments are available to perform efficient root canal preparation. These rotary instruments has been designed to aid in better root canal preparation in permanent teeth. Materials and Methods: Patients requiring endodontic treatment were selected and randomised into two groups. Group I were instrumented using super endo files and Group II with hyflex EDM rotary file. All the teeth were obturated with gutta percha. Post obturation restoration was done in all the teeth. Standardized digital radiographs were taken before and after root canal treatment. Clinical and radiographic examination was done. Patients were recalled for follow up. Results: No significant differences were noted with regard to the instrumentation. The super endo rotary file and hyflex EDM file systems performed similarly with respect to the endodontic treatment.
Reg. No. 315
Category: Original Research
Microleakage comparison of RMGIC, MTA, BIODENTIN as intracoronal barriers in non vital bleaching MGIC, MTA, Biodentin as coronalbarriers in non vital bleaching coronal
Noopura
KMCT Dental College, Kozhikode, Kerala, India
Background: Cervical root resorption is one of the most important complications of intra coronal bleaching. A way of preventing this type of resorption is using a coronal barrier under the bleaching materials.Aim of the study is to compare the sealing ability of RMGIC, Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA), Biodentine as a coronal barrier in intra coronalbleaching. Aim: Compare the sealing ability of RMGIC, Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA), Biodentine as a coronal barrier in intra coronalbleaching. Materials and Methods: In this study, single-root maxillary anterior teeth were endodontically prepared and divided into 3 experimental groups. In the experimental groups, gutta percha was removed up to 3 mm below thecemento enamel junction (CEJ).RMGIC, MTA, biodentin were placed over gutta percha up to the level of CEJ. After a 24-hour incubation period, the bleaching agent (a mixture of sodium perborate and 30% hydrogen peroxide) was placed in the access cavities. The bleaching agents were replaced every 3 days over 9 days. Then, the access cavity was filled with 2% methylene blue for 48 hours.All samples were longitudinally sectioned and the dye penetration range was evaluated using a stereomicroscope. Statistical Analysis: Data were statistically analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann–Whitney tests (a=0.05). Results: RMGIC showed greatest leakage.Biodentin and MTA displayed lower microleakage. Conclusions: MTA, biodentin shows promising results in preventing peroxide leakage compared to biodentin when used as intracoronal barriers in nonvital bleaching.
Reg. No. 316
Category: Original Research
Effect of ETCH and rinse and self etch modes in universal dental adhesives on microleakage between composite and resin modified GIC in class 2 sandwich restorations
S. J. Rajina
KMCT Dental College, Kozhikode, Kerala, India
Background and Purpose: Microleakage is the most common cause of secondary caries and failure of restorations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the Microleakage between resin modified glass-ionomer (RMGI) and resin composite in sandwich restorations using different bonding techniques. Aim: To compare and evaluate microleakage between composite and resin modified GIC when universal bonding agent is applied in etch and rinse and self etch mode Materials and Methods: Forty four premolars were used in this experimental study. Class II cavities were prepared and the gingival margin placed 1 mm below cementoenamel junction. RMGI was inserted on the gingival floor in 1 mm thickness and the teeth were divided into two groups. Group I: cavities were etched, rinsed and treated with universal bonding agent (G PREMIO BOND) (2). Group II: Universal adhesive (G PREMIOBOND) was applied in self etch mode. All cavities were then restored using bulk fill composite. To evaluate the microleakage, the samples were subjected to thermocycling (500 cycles), immersed in methylene blue for 72 hours, and sectioned mesiodistally. The samples were subsequently observed under stereomicroscope. Mann-Whitney test was used to analyze the data (P<0.05). Results: The results will be obtained only after the completion of the study.
Reg. No. 317
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of surface roughness and color stability of a nanohybrid composite after periodic exposure to spices – An in vitro profilometric and spectrophotometric analysis
V. K. Swapna
Kanur Dental College, Kannur, Kerala, India
Background: To determine effect of spices on a nanohybrid composite by evaluating the surface roughness and color stability using a profilometer and spectrophotometer. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the surface roughness and color stability of a nanohybrid composite resin after exposure to spices; chilli, clove after 24 hours and one week. Materials and Methods: 24 specimens of nanohybrid composite resin discs of dimension 5 mm × 2 mm were fabricated and randomly divided into 3 groups based on the spices (group 1: control group – artificial saliva, group 2: clove, group 3: chilli). Surface roughness and color stability tests done by using profilometer and spectrophotometer. Readings taken 24 hour after initial curing and on the 7 th day. Statistical Analysis: The statistical software IBM SPSS statistics 20.0 (IBM Corporation, Armonk NY, USA) was used for analysing the data. One way ANOVA was used to find the significance of study parameters between the groups and paired t test for intra group comparison. Results: Surface roughness and color change observed in both the groups and greater values in group3.All the difference are statistically significant. Conclusion: Exposure time has an effect on surface roughness and color change as both increased with time. Spices effects the surface roughness and color, greater surface roughness and more color change observed in chilli group.
Reg. No. 320
Category: Original Research
Influence of preparation technique and different bonding agents on the fracture resistance of reattached tooth fragment: An in vitro study
Divya K. Raj
KMCT Dental College, Kozhikode, Kerala, India
Context: Coronal fractures of the anterior teeth are the most frequent form of traumatic dental injury that mainly affects children and adolescents. The traditional conservative treatment of crown fractures has been the restoration of involved teeth with composite resin and dental bonding systems. Despite the recent developments in adhesive materials and restorative techniques, there is no restorative material that can reproduce the esthetic, functional needs and the natural dental structures. Therefore, when the fractured fragment is available and ample enough to be used after dental fracture, reattachment should be considered the treatment of choice as the most conservative treatment approach. Aim: This invitro study evaluate and compare the influence of preparation technique and bonding agents on the fracture resistance of dental fragments reattached to the sectioned incisal edges. Materials and Methods: The crown portion of the twenty human maxillary incisors were divided into three equal parts and then marked incisal third were cut with the diamond disk. Fractured teeth were assigned into two reattachment protocols: (i) simple reattachment, (ii) beveling technique. These groups were further divided into two subgroups with respect to the two different adhesive system (seventh and eight generation bonding agents) and the fractured fragments are reattached with nanohybrid flowable composite, then after thermocycling process samples were subjected to universal testing machine for testing fracture resistance. Statistical Analysis: Statistical analysis is done by using one way ANOVA and post-hoc Turkey test. Results and Conclusion: Study in progress.
Reg. No. 321
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of human pulp tissue dissolution by three herbal endodontic irrigants – An in vitro study
Nimmy Kurian
KMCT Dental College, Kozhikode, Kerala, India
Context: The success in endodontic therapy is dependent largely on the absolute elimination of pulp tissue remnants within the root canal system.In order to avoid complications associated with the usage of NaOCl, many authors have suggested the usage of herbal agents as an alternative to the conventional root canal irrigants. Thus these natural components which are potent in dissolving the pulp tissue with negligible deleterious effect on dentin, could be useful alternatives to the conventional irrigating solutions. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the capacity of 3 herbal endodontic irrigants (papain, garlic extract, grape seed extract)in human pulp tissue dissolution. Materials and Methods: Pulp tissue samples collected from intact, non carious extracted third molars and premolars are standardized to 8 mg in each group.These samples were placed in 5 ml of papain extract, garlic extract and grape seed extract (proteolytic agents) for periods 5,10,30 and 60 minutes.At the end of each reaction period, the contents were carefully removed, blotted dry on absorbent paper, and weighed.The solutions were discarded, and the samples were re-immersed in 5 ml of fresh solution. The preweighed pulp samples were further weighed again after the dissolution phase, and residual weight loss in each group is obtained.The result will be then statistically analysed using one way analysis of variance and tukey post hoc test. The result will be obtained only after the completion of the study.
Reg. No. 323
Category: Original Research
Effect of preheating and different activation techniques of sodium hypochlorite on the tubular penetration of bioceramic sealer: A confocal laser scanning microscopic study
Avina Arjampudi
KIMS Dental College and Hospital, Amalapuram, Andhra Pradesh, India
Background: Optimum sealer penetration into the dentinal tubules is necessary to inhibit the bacterial regrowth and to increase the success of the root canal therapy. Aim: To evaluate the effect of temperature and different activation techniques (laser, Ultrasonic) on the penetration of Bio - C sealer into the root canal dentin. Materials and Methods: 40 extracted single rooted teeth were decoronated to standardize the root length of 13 mm. Working length was determined, and biomechanical preparation for all the samples was done using Protaper rotary instruments till F3 size. The samples were divided into four groups (n=10). The irrigation protocol for all the four groups is as follows: Group A- Irrigation was done with normal 3% NaOCl. Activation was performed by ultrasonic device. Group B- Irrigation was done with normal 3% NaOCl. Activation was performed by diode laser. Group C- Irrigation was done with preheated 3% NaOCl. Activation was performed by ultrasonic device. Group D- Irrigation was done with preheated 3% NaOCl. Activation was performed by diode laser. The canals were obturated with gutta percha and Bio C sealer using cold lateral compaction technique. Sealer was labelled with fluorescent rhodamine B dye to visualize under microscope. The specimens were sectioned at 3 mm and 5 mm from the apex and visualized under confocal laser scanning microscope. Results: The study is in progress.
Reg. No. 324
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of post operative pain after single visit endodontic treatment using Protaper Gold and Hyflex EDM rotary file system
Lanjewar Anuja Prakash
Sharad Pawar Dental College, Wardha, Maharashtra, India
Background: Endodontics has a widened range due to its increase in success rate & increase in lifespan of individuals. As of today, extracting the tooth has become a rare situation & endodontic intrusion has become a custom. Although after having a detailed knowledge about internal anatomy of tooth, it is a must to know about the upcoming evolution of instruments as well as materials & complete knowledge regarding techniques of treatment modalities. Post operative pain could leave a significant control on quality of life which will begin after completion of endodontic treatment having a range of 3%- 58% cases. Materials and Methods: 26 patients with irreversible pulpitis were selected for single visit endodontics. The teeth were blindly assigned to two groups based on instrumentation systems used: Group A (Protaper Gold) & Group B (EDM Hyflex). Participants were asked to note the incidence of pre- & postoperative pain on visual analog scale at different time intervals. Results: The greatest mean pain in both Group A & B was found to be maximum in the first 24 hours with significant reduction in pain at the subsequent observation time points of 48 hours, 72 hours, and 7 days. Group A showed minimum pain followed by Group B. Conclusion: In single-visit endodontics, both Protaper Gold & EDM Hyflex both may prove to be a better system, but according to statistics Protaper gold being slightly superior as it produces minimal postoperative pain, thus improving the overall acceptance of endodontic treatment.
Reg. No. 325
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of reinforcing effect of three different intra orifice barriers on peri cervical dentin of endodontically treated teeth: An in vitro study
Keerthi Sri Thota
Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics
Background: Endodontic procedures often lead to extensive loss of tooth structure that may result in unnecessary fractures. So, bonded restorative materials as intra orifice barriers were placed in the cervical third of the tooth which may help in enhancing the fracture resistance. Aim: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate and compare the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth using three different intra-orifice barriers. Materials and Methods: Forty freshly extracted mandibular premolars with straight roots and root canals were reduced to obtain a 14 mm standard length from the coronal aspect. All the canals were enlarged with protaper NI-TI files up to size F3 and specimens were obturated with gutta-percha using single cone technique. Except for the control group specimens, the coronal 3 mm of root fillings of all other samples were removed with the aid of a heated plugger. Further the samples were randomly divided into 4 groups of 10 specimens each based on the intra orifice barrier placed. Group I (n=10): Control Group (without any intra orifice barrier), Group II (n=10): Ever X posterior, GROUP III (n=10): Tetric N Ceram, GROUP IV (n=10): Beautiful II. After the placement of the intra orifice barrier materials, specimens were stored at 37°C and 100% humidity for one week to allow the materials to set completely. After one week, all the groups were subjected to evaluate the fracture resistance using a Universal testing machine. Results: Results are in progress.
Reg. No. 327
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of push out bond strength of light cure MTA, BIO MTA+, light cure Glass Ionomer in furcal perforation with and without blood contamination: An in-vitro study
Shreyas Santosh Akkole
Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University Dental College and Hospital, Sangli, Maharashtra, India
Aim: To evaluate and compare the push out bond strength of Light cure MTA, BIO MTA+, Light cure Glass Ionomer cement in furcal perforation with and without blood contamination. Materials and Methods: Teeth will be decoronated at the cemento-enamel junction using a Diamond disk will be mounted in acrylic molds, leaving a space of 3 mm under the furcal area. Perforations will be created using Round carbide bur. Samples will be assigned to two groups based on contamination (Group A) or non-contamination (Group B) with blood, and further subdivided according to materials [Light cure MTA (DENTACT), BIO MTA+ (CERKAMED), Light cure Glass Ionomer (GC CORPORATION)] which will be used. To simulate contamination, a 21-gauge needle with syringe will be used to inject the perforation cavities with blood, provided by the researcher. A piece of Ab Gel will be packed under the furcal area. Both Group A and Group B will be filled with the test materials using carrier and condensed. Cotton pellets, wet with normal saline, will be placed over the reparative material in each tooth. All samples will be kept in an incubator at 37°C and 100% relative humidity for 7 days, after which they will be subjected to a push-out test. Statistical Analysis: Appropriate Statistical analysis will be applied in Excel sheet and analyzesd. Results and Conclusion: Ongoing study. Result in progress.
Reg. No. 328
Category: Original Research
An in-vitro study to evaluate and compare the polymerization shrinkage two different bulk fill composites: Is it time to switch!!!
Ritika Chaudhary
Uttaranchal Dental and Medical Research Institute, Kansrao, Uttarakhand, India
The composite resin materials were introduced to dentistry more than 50 years ago and since then these materials have been continuously evolving. It has become a choice among the patients as it not only helps in maintaining the ideal tooth form and function but also helps in enhancing the aesthetics. Moreover, nonadhesive restorative materials like amalgam and cast gold, which were used for several decades required extensive cavity preparations in comparison to composite restorations which require minimal intervention. Composites are still undergoing continuous change to reduce the polymerization shrinkage and stress as well as improve the depth of cure of the material, which remains a major drawback. For this in-vitro study, we measured the polymerization shrinkage of the composite specimens using aluminium moulds which were 4 mm long with an internal diameter of 4 mm. Results suggest that polymerization shrinkage has been minimized but not completely eliminated.
Reg. No. 329
Category: Systematic Review
Use of glycolic acid to etch radicular dentin – A scoping review
Shalini Devinderanath Aggarwal
Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Pimpri, Maharashtra, India
Surface conditioning is a required step for micromechanical interlocking of resin cements into the tooth substrate. The agent of choice to condition radicular dentin is 37% Orthophosphoric Acid. PA, is an aggressive acid and a search for its alternative has been a long-standing quest. Maleic acid, EDTA and Citric acid have been explored as etchants of tooth substrate. Most of these acids were found to have insufficient action on the mineral content of the enamel and dentin, thereby leading to poorer bond strengths. Glycolic Acid, a naturally occurring organic acid, belonging to the group of a-hydroxy acids (AHA) has also been considered for etching of these tissues. GA has a higher pH than that of PA and also shows evidence of an increase in the synthesis of collagen and also elevate fibroblast proliferation in vital tissues. This Scoping Review was conducted with a view to collect information about the usage, if any, of Glycolic Acid for the conditioning of radicular dentin, in vitro. Focused Question: What effect does GA have on the Human Radicular Dentin? P- Extracted Human Teeth, I- Glycolic Acid, C- None, O- Use of Glycolic Acid was found to result in the formation of a Hybrid Layer. Materials and Methods: Relevant articles published over a 10-year period were identified and retrieved from four internet databases, using a manual search. Results: According to the extracted data, it was found that GA forms a Hybrid Layer in radicular dentin. Conclusions: GA could be used for conditioning of the root dentin, prior to post placement.
Reg. No. 330
Category: Original Research
Evaluation of amount of gutta percha remaining, time taken for its removal and dentinal crack propagation using two retreatment systems – An in vitro study
Twinkle Agarwal
Institute of Dental Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
Aim: To evaluate and compare the dentinal crack propagation in the root canal dentin, amount of gutta percha remaining and the time required for the retreatment procedure using two different retreatment system. Materials and Methods: Fourty Orthodontically extracted lower premolars were instrumented with heroshaper files as per the manufacturer's instructions till 25/06 %.Standard irrigation protocol was followed. Gutta percha and resin based sealer was used for cold lateral obturation technique. Further the samples were randomly divided into 2 groups group A – Neoendo retreatment files and group B-Heroshaper retreatment files respectively. After 14 days and a month, all samples were subjected to retreatment procedure as per manufacturer's instructions. Evaluation of root dentin was done under microscope until no obturating material, smooth surface, and devoid of debris seen. Procedural working time was recorded and the samples were examined under scanning electron microscope for dentin crack presence. The data was subjected to statistical analysis. Results: Study under progress. Conclusion: Study under progress.
Reg. No. 331
Category: Original Research
Efficacy of different irrigating solutions on smear layer removal by using Neoendo S rotary file – An in vitro SEM study
Ramancha Vinay
SVS Institute of Dental Sciences, Mahbubnagar, Andhra Pradesh, India
Background: Root canal preparation comprises combined action of endodontic instrumentation and irrigating solutions for thorough disinfection. The mechanical instrumentation of the canal creates a granular amorphous smear layer that contains both organic and inorganic substances which cover the canal wall and occlude the opening of dentinal tubules. Smear layer averts the penetration of irrigating solutions, intracanal medicaments, and filling materials into the dentinal tubules and hampers their contact with the root canal wall so that it increases the risk of microleakage and bacterial infection. Hence, elimination or reduction of smear layer is recommended with proper instrumentation and adequate irrigation. Aim: To evaluate the Efficacy of different irrigating solutions on smear layer removal by using Neoendo S rotary file -An in vitro SEM STUDY. Materials and Methods: Twenty extracted mandibular premolars with single-canal were selected for this study. Radiographs were taken to confirm the presence of single canal and absence of any type of calcifications, resorption, cracks, and fractures. The teeth were decoronated to a standardized length of 12 mm and working length was determined with ISO #15 K file. After this, teeth were randomly divided into 4 groups. All the root canal instrumentation is done with Neoendo S rotary file and irrigated with different irrigating solutions. Longitudinal grooves were prepared with slow-speed silicon carbide disc on the buccal and lingual surfaces of each root. Preparation for scanning electron microscope was done. Statistical Analysis: The results will be statistically analyzed.
Reg. No. 332
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Every generation needs regeneration – A paper presentation
Neha Chettry, Richa
Buddha Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India
Aim: To study the effectiveness of Regenerative Endodontic Treatment (RET) in apical closure performed in a traumatic and a failed endodontically treated cases. Materials and Methods: A 20 years old male patient and a 14 years old female patient having a history of trauma and a failed endodontically treated tooth with immature apex respectively were selected for RET. The treatment was planned according to the guidelines laid by American Association of Endodontics 2021. On the first appointment the canals were irrigated with sodium hypochlorite with minimal instrumentation and then dressed with triple antibiotic paste consisting of ciprofloxacin, metronidazole and tetracycline. At the second visit copious, gentle irrigation of the canal with 20 ml of 17% EDTA and dry with paper points. Platelet rich fibrin (PRF) was placed, and the Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) was placed over the PRF. A 3–4 mm layer of glass ionomer cement was placed coronal to MTA followed by final restoration of composite. Results: The follow up of the cases showed progressive resolution of the clinical symptoms as well as periapical lesion and also the narrowing of the apical portion of the root suggestive of continued root development. Conclusion: The result concluded that regenerative procedure could be an alternative to the conventional root canal treatment.
Reg. No. 335
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of single versus multiple continuous rotating file systems used in the retreatment of teeth obturated by cold lateral compaction and warm vertical compaction: An in vitro cone beam computed tomography study
Prajakta Sunil Kulkarni
Sinhgad Dental College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
Aim: Comparative evaluation of single versus multiple continuous rotating file systems used in the retreatment of teeth, obturated by cold lateral compaction and warm vertical compaction: An in vitro Cone Beam Computed Tomography study.
Methods and Materials: This in vitro CBCT study will be done using 20 Single rooted mandibular premolars extracted for orthodontic purpose. Their root canal treatment will be done with the help of protaper gold files and samples will be divided in two groups for obturation. Group 1 will be obturated by cold lateral compaction and Group 2 will be obturated by warm vertical compaction. Later, primary CBCT evaluation will be done. Then samples will be again redivided for the retreatment. In group 1A, retreatment will be done using Hyflex retreatment files and in group 1B retreatment will be done using Protaper retreatment files. Similarly Group 2 will be divided in group 2A and group 2B for retreatment with Hyflex files and Protaper retreatment files respectively. Post obturation CBCT evaluation will be done to check the remaining obturating material of the root canal after retreatment using Volume analysis. Also, time analysis will be done to measure the time taken by each retreatment file system. Statistical Analysis: The complete data will be compiled and appropriate statistical analysis will be applied. Results and Conclusion: This is an ongoing study, result and conclusion are in progress.
Reg. No. 338
Category: Original Research
3D comparison and finite element analysis of static structural effects on WaveOne Gold and Reciproc Blue endodontic files under bending and torsional characteristics
Amandeep Kaur
AIIMS, New Delhi, India
Aim: To evaluate bending and torsional properties of two reciprocating NiTi endodontic file systems Reciproc Blue and WaveOne Gold by virtual modelling and finite elements analysis Background: Reciprocation in NiTi instruments reduces torsional stress by minimal binding of instruments into root canal dentin. FEA allows exploring properties of NiTi rotary instruments in a cost-efficient manner, as a prelude to mechanical testing. Methodology: Using design modeller and simulation features of the commercial software ANSYS 18.1 workbench, finite element models of WaveOne Gold (0.25 mm tip diameter;7% taper) and Reciproc Blue (0.25 mm tip diameter; 8% taper) were examined depicting cross section geometric characteristics, node and element count. The cross-section of each file was rotated 360 degrees to produce a 3D geometric model. Nonlinear impact was taken into account during analysis. Medium-size mesh feature containing 3-D pieces (brick and tetrahedron) was used for the FE meshing. These models were loaded at 1 N force and twisted by providing a moment of 2.5N-mm at one end in different directions. Complex von-Misses stress distribution data were produced in both file models. The moment rigidity curve was obtained using transient analysis. Results: The numerical results of the bending and torsional test revealed that Reciproc Blue is 30.48% more flexible than WaveOne Gold endodontic files. Conclusion: The findings of this finite element study highlighted that heat treatment of files increases their resistance while preparing extremely curved canals. It can be concluded that the Reciproc Blue file model is more adaptable than the WaveOne Gold file model.
Reg. No. 346
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Endodontic management of root canal variations: A case series
M. B. Wavdhane
Government Dental College and Hospital, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
Context: The root canal system is complicated and has many anatomical variations among different populations. It is so important to understand the morphology of root canal system before any endodontic procedure, since the lack of knowledge of root canal system could lead to missing the additional root canals which causes failure of endodontic treatment. Variations can be diagnosed taking help of radiological aid. This case series summarizes the endodontic management of such rare cases with anatomic variations. Aim: The aim of this case series is to demonstrate successful endodontic management of anatomic variation of root canal system according to Vertucci classification. Materials and Methods: The anatomic variations were assessed using angulated radiographs. After the excavation of residual decay the access was obtained .The standard cleaning and shaping protocol were followed. Hermetic seal as obtained by oburation of the root canal system. Results: This case series shows successful healing of teeth with root canal variations by using radiological aid and expertise of clinician. Statiscal Analysis: Not applicable Conclusion: Proper diagnosis and careful clinicoradiological examination are necessary, and it is essential to reinforce the knowledge of the rare morphology of root canals for clinicians.
Reg. No. 347
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Post-endodontic rehabilitation of extensively destructed molar by using endocrown
Seema D. Pathak
Government Dental College and Hospital, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
Context: A tooth with extensive coronal destruction always remains a challenge for dentist. An innovative technique like endocrown can be used. It is described as a monolithic ceramic bonded construction characterized by a supra-cervical butt joint, retaining maximum enamel to improve adhesion. It invades the pulpal chamber, but not the root canals and is milled using computer-aided techniques or by molding ceramic materials under pressure. The remaining tooth substance is thus more robust, resulting in increased longevity. Aim: Post-endodontic rehabilitation of first mandibular molar having two supernumerary roots by using endocrown. Materials and Methods: Access opening done and previous gutta percha was removed followed by biomechanical preparation of missed supernumerary canal was initiated. Calcium hydroxide intracanal dressing was given for 2 weeks followed by obturation. After 2 weeks the temporary cement restoration was removed, followed by removal of 2 mm of gutta-percha from the canal orifices. Flowable composite was placed in the pulp chamber to obtain a monoblock effect. Occlusal reduction of the crown was done. Putty impression was made and fabrication of endocrown was done by using CAD-CAM.Followed by final cementation of crown. Results: Successful endodontic treatment was performed along with prosthetic rehabilitation of involved tooth having large coronal destruction. Conclusion: Endocrown represents a conservative approach for mechanical and aesthetic restoration of posterior tooth. Root canals are not involved in the process, and the procedure is less traumatic than alternatives. The supragingival position of the cervical margin preserves the marginal periodontium.
Reg. No. 348
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Apexification procedure using bio-root inlay – An Innovative approach in the management of open apex
Pradhya S. Wadikar
Government Dental College and Hospital, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
Context: Traumatic dental injuries are very common in children and adolescents which can result in pulpal necrosis. The most frequent teeth being maxillary incisors with prevalence of 13%. The major challenge is associated with management of open apices including complete debridement, canal disinfection, to create an apical barrier and three dimensional adaptation of obturating material. The ideal goal is to create an apical barrier with a hard calcified tissue by apexification. Aims: Management of tooth with Open Apex with Dehiscence and Periapical abscess Materials and Methods: Access opening and Biomechanical preparation was initiated and Calcium Hydroxide was used as an intracanal medicament. After the resolution of symptoms intracanal impression was made from which a mould was obtained. This was used to create a customised bio-root inlay, using a mixture of MTA and Glass Ionomer cement, for the apexification of the involved tooth. This was followed by surgical intervention of the mucosal dehiscence defect. The patient was followed up for up to 6 months. Statistical Analysis: Not applicable. Results: Successful healing of the periapical lesion and the dehiscence defect was seen with adequate bone formation and no post-operative symptoms. Conclusion: This case report demonstrates an innovative treatment modality for the successful management of open apex with periapical lesion and bone loss using the combined bioactive effects of MTA and Glass ionomer cement.
Reg. No. 349
Category: Original Research
Micro CT comparison of volume of dentine removed with two different retreatment file systems – An in vitro study
R. Preethi
SVS Institute of Dental Sciences, Mahbubnagar, Andhra Pradesh, India
Introduction: Nonsurgical endodontic Retreatment is to achieve access to the root canal system by complete removal of previous filling material, followed by canal cleaning, shaping and refilling. NiTi systems specifically designed for retreatment purposes have physical characteristics such as cross-sectional design, cutting angle, and presence/absence of an active tip that may affect gutta-percha and dentin removal from the root canal. There is direct correlation between the root thickness and the ability of the tooth to resist lateral forces and avoid fracture, so the thinner the dentin, the more likely the tooth is to fracture. the residual dentine thickness if not maintained to predetermined values that would weaken the root remarkably. Aim: The aim of the invitro study is to compare the volume of dentine removed after retreatment using two different retreatment file systems. Materials and Methods: 30 Human extracted mandibular premolars containing single canal were prepared upto # F2 Pro-taper gold rotary instrument and filled with gutta-percha and AH plus sealer. The teeth were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=15), according to the retreatment system evaluated: PRO-TAPER UNIVERSAL RETREATMENT and ENDO RESTART RETREATMENT FILE SYSTEMS. Retreatment was considered complete when the working length was reached and when smooth dentinal walls were observed, with no evidence of filling material adhered to instruments. Preoperative and postoperative micro-CT images was obtained to observe the volume of dentine removed after retreatment. Results: Awaited.
Reg. No. 350
Category: Original Research
Smear layer removal and mineral content analysis of root dentin after using a natural fruit acid: An in vitro SEM-EDX study
Kallu Abhijith
SVS Institute of Dental Sciences, Mahbubnagar, Andhra Pradesh, India
Root canal preparation comprises combined action of Endodontic instruments and irrigating solutions for thorough disinfection. The mechanical instrumentation of the canal creates a granular, amorphous Smear layer that contains both organic and inorganic substances which cover the canal wall and occlude the openings of Dentinal tubules. The presence of smear layer favours the adhesion and colonisation of micro-organisms and limits effective disinfection by preventing irrigants and intracranal medicaments from penetrating into Dentinal tubules. Removal of smear layer is essential for the success of endodontic treatment and agents that facilitate Smear layer removal of Smear layer are called Chelating Agents. EDTA, being the most widely chelating agent, brings about loss of minerals of root dentin, thereby making it friable. Therefore the current study aimed to evaluate the effect of natural fruit acid on Smear layer removal and mineral loss of root dentin.
Reg. No. 351
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Rehabilitation of grossly carious teeth following biomimetic principles
Varsha
Buddha Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India
Emerging concepts in biomimetic restorative dentistry (BRD) provide the ability to restore the biomechanical, structural, and esthetic integrity of teeth with utmost respect for biologic structures consisting of pulp and periodontal tissues.At its core, the biomimetic approach respects the simple philosophy to adequately restore teeth, we must “mimic life” and understand the natural tooth in its entirety. Aim: To restore the structural integrity of grossly carious teeth with unexposed pulp following the biomimetic principle. Methods: In this technique teeth indicated for advanced destructive conditions such a grossly carious teeth with broken-down cusp were selected. Biomimetic restorative protocol based on two main principle of stress-reducing and bond-maximizing protocols were followed. Adhesive techniques from direct to semi-indirect and indirect approaches that provides novel restorative designs were applied to restore destructed portion of the tooth to revive its naturality. Results: Combining ceramics and composite resin, optimal stiffness, their wear and surface characteristics, and the biomechanical strength is achieved through high-performance bonding which enable the crown of the tooth as a whole to support masticatory function. Conclusion: This concepts can result in greater longevity of the natural dentition in comparision to traditional methods.Also more sound tissue is preserved, tooth vitality is maintained, and treatment is less expensive than traditional and more invasive procedure.BRD offers restorative solutions that balance the functional and esthetic needs of the anterior and posterior dentitions promoting the science and merits of tooth-conserving dentistry.
Reg. No. 352
Category: Original Research
Assessment of irrigant penetration depth of 0.5% and 1% phytosphingosine as a root canal irrigant with and without ultrasonic activation – An in vitro study
T. E. Lokeshware
SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Background: Combination of several irrigants can increase the ability to penetrate into tubules improving the root canal disinfection against organisms like E. faecalis that play an important role in the failure of RCT. Previous studies have demonstrated that Phytosphingosine (PHS), a sphingoid lipid possesses antimicrobial activity and collagen-stabilising ability. Hence, we intend to assess the effectiveness of this agent to be used as final irrigant to root dentine. The aim of this study is to evaluate the irrigant penetration depth of 0.5% and 1% phytosphingosine as a root canal irrigant with and without ultrasonic activation- An invitro study. Methodology: Thirty single rooted mandibular premolars were obtained, crowns were decoronated using a diamond disc. Access cavity was prepared, cleaning and shaping was performed until 30.06 using rotary files. Irrigation was performed in sequential order using 3% sodium hypochlorite, 17% EDTA and saline as an intermediate flush. Following which the specimens was divided into two groups and three subgroups based on the final irrigant as following: Group 1: with ultrasonic activation, Group 2: without ultrasonic activation, Group 1a & 2a: 0.5% PHS, Group 1b & 2b: 1% PHS, Group 1c & 2c: 2% CHX. Horizontal sectioning was performed at 2, 5, 8 mm and the depth of penetration of irrigant analysed using CLSM analysis. Results: Study in progress.
Reg. No. 353
Category: Original Research
Comparison of the efficacy of various intracanal medicament removal protocols on push out bond strength of Biodentine: An in vitro study
Pooja J. Sonwane
Pandit Upadhyay Dental College, Solapur, Maharashtra, India
Aim: To compare the efficacy of various intracanal medicament removal protocols on push out bond strength of Biodentine. Materials and Methods: Thirty five extracted maxillary incisors will be collected. The crowns of the teeth will be removed with the help of diamond discs under water coolant to obtain standardised root length of 14 mm. Root canal preparation will be done to a master apical size of #80k file. To achieve standardised internal canal diameter & simulated immature teeth with open apex peeso reamers with sizes 1-4 will be used. After that Metapex will be applied to simulated immature canals. After temporary sealing the orifices with cotton pellet & cavit, samples will be stored at 370 c & 100% humidity for 1 week. Then the samples will be divided into 3 experimental groups (n=10) according to intracanal medicament removal protocol, as follows: Group 1 – Manual method using k file, Group 2 – XP Endo Finisher, Group 3 – Sonic activation, Control group – Metapex will not be applied (n=5). Then biodentine will be placed at apical thirds of root canals upto 4-5 mm. The apical segments of specimens will be sectioned horizontally to obtain slice of 2 mm thickness. Dislodgement resistance of biodentine will be measured using Universal Testing Machine. Results: Results are awaited.
Reg. No. 354
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of apical plug sealing ability in open apices using local brand MTA, Proroot MTA, Biodentine: An in vitro study
Neha Gangaram Asole
Pandit Upadhyay Dental College, Solapur, Maharashtra, India
Aim: Comparative evaluation of apical plug sealing ability in open apices using local brand MTA, Proroot MTA, Biodentine: An in vitro study. Materials and Methods: Single rooted and single canal 30 extracted teeth will be collected and stored in 3 % sodium hypochlorite for one hour. The crowns will be decoronated and 3 mm root tip will be removed with a high-speed diamond disc under water cooling. The ultimate sample length will be standardized to 12 mm. Apical instrumentation of root will be carried out with size of #80 K file. Then root canals will be dried with paper points. Apical plug will created with orthograde filling using 3 different materials: Group 1- Local brand MTA (Maarc MTA, India), Group 2- ProRoot MTA (Dentsply, USA), Group 3- Biodentine (Septodent, Saint Maur des Foses, France). Plug materials will be condensed at a thickness of 4 mm to the using prefitted endodontic pluggers and obturated with gutta-percha. Coronal access will be sealed using composite resin restorative material. The external root surfaces except the 3 mm apical part will be covered with two layers of nail varnish. All samples will be incubated at 37°C in 1% methylene blue dye for 48 h, then washed under tap water. The teeth will be sectioned longitudinally. The degree of leakage will be evaluated based on the penetration of the dye stain from apical to coronal of the root. Each specimen will be examined under a stereomicroscope. Results: Results are awaited.
Reg. No. 355
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of push out bond strength and tubular density in diabetic and non-diabetic root dentin with MTA mixed with different ionic vehicles
M. Vinoth Kumar
SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) adversely affects the formation of enamel and dentin in the early growth stage. Peritubular dentin is more affected, results in bigger dentinal tubules and higher tubular density, thereby significantly weakening the root dentin. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) has the ability to increase root fracture resistance, making it an endodontic filling material. In order to further increase the bond strength, Disodium hydrogen phosphate/Phosphate buffered saline were suggested to mix with MTA. Aim: The objective of this in vitro study is to compare the push-out bond strength and tubular density of diabetic root dentin restored with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) mixed with phosphate buffer solution. (PBS)/Disodium hydrogen phosphate (DSHP). Methodology: Eighteen teeth extracted from diabetic and nondiabetic patients (N=9 in each group) were decoronated, prepared up to #5 Gates-Glidden drill, and sectioned horizontally at the midroot area to prepare 36 dentin slices, each measuring 2 mm in thickness. Dentin specimens were randomly assigned to three subgroups based on the vehicle employed (n=6); MTA+ distilled water, MTA+DSHP, MTA+PBS. MTA will be prepared and packed into the root canal space followed by incubation for 3 days. The push-out bond strength will be assessed using a universal testing machine and the failure types at the cement-dentin interface of all the specimens will be viewed under a stereomicroscope. Further, the tubular density of the specimens filled with different test groups will be evaluated under SEM. The results will be then tabulated and statistically analyzed (p<0.05). Results: Study in progress.
Reg. No. 357
Category: Original Research
The efficacy of transdermal patches of diclofenac and ketoprofen for post endodontic pain control: A randomised controlled trial
Kundana Racha
Panineeya Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Secunderabad, Telangana, India
Aim: To compare the efficacy of transdermal patches of Diclofenac and Ketoprofen for post endodontic pain control. Methodology: Sixty patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis with periapical lesion in single rooted teeth of either arch will be endodontically treated by a single endodontist. Oral Diclofenac for group I and Transdermal Diclofenac patch for group II and Transdermal Ketoprofen patch for group III will be administered as post endodontic analgesics .Visual analogue scale (VAS) chart will be used to record pain intensity scores preoperatively and at intervals of 4, 8, 12 and 24 h postoperatively. Paracetamol 650 mg tablets will be provided as rescue medication. Results: Data will be tabulated and results will be statistically analysed.
Reg. No. 358
Category: Original Research
The effect of novel rotary file systems along with irrigation agitation technique on oral health related quality of life in teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis: A randomised clinical trail
Ravuri Varshini Meghana
Narayana Dental College, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India
Background: Root canal preparation is an important step in endodontic treatment which removes vital or necrotic pulp tissue, simultaneously increasing the root canal volume to facilitate the disinfection by irrigants and medicaments. Anatomical rotary system like Trunatomy has been received substantial attention because of its innovative and effective file design, it is more fatigue resistant and showed significantly more predicable torque and threading-in force. Root canal irrigants reduces friction between the instrument and dentin, improves the cutting effectiveness of the files used; dissolves tissue and, furthermore, has washing effect and antimicrobial/antibiofilm effect. Even though Postoperative pain is considered one of the key factors influencing Oral Health-Related Quality of Life of patient (OHRQoL) undergoing root canal treatment. There are many other influencing factors like physical & psychological. OHRQoL is an essential component in the evaluation of the impact of oral problems and the appraisal of the results of treatment. Aim: Is to compare and evaluate the OHRQoL before and after endodontic treatment using two different rotary instruments along with and without irrigation agitation techniques in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpits teeth. Methods: Patients were selected based on inclusion criteria, after obtaining written consent' they were randomised into 2 groups based on intervention. According to the irrigation agitation technique 2 groups were divided into 2 subgroups each. The canals were obturated using gutta percha and root canal sealer. Coronal access cavity was restored with permanent restorative material. Results: The results will be statistically analyzed using SPSS software “study still in progress.”
Reg. No. 359
Category: Original Research
Niobium pentoxide incorporated nano-hydroxyapatite on demineralized dentin
Mileeza Arella Mendonca
SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Context: Dentin hypersensitivity is a common clinical condition characterized by sharp pain in response to various stimuli. Although several remineralizing agents have been employed, a material that provides quick, effective and long-lasting relief is still sought after. Aim: This study aimed to comparatively evaluate the effect of Oyster shell derived nanohydroxyapatite with and without Niobium pentoxide for tubular occlusion on demineralized dentin. Materials and Methods: Nano-hydroxyapatite (Os-nHA) powder was synthesized from oyster shell and characterized using XRD, FTIR, SEM-EDX and TEM. 25 wt% niobium pentoxide (Nb2O5) was added to synthesized Os-nHA powder (Os-nHA-Nb) and ballmilled. Extracted caries free human molars were selected. Dentin discs of 3 mm thickness were prepared from crown portion, polished and ultrasonicated to remove the loose debris. They were subjected to citric acid to simulate conditions of dentin hypersensitivity. Five discs were subjected to SEM to confirm open dentinal tubules. The remaining dentin discs were randomly assigned to 4 groups (n=14): group 1 - Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP), group 2 - Os-nHA, group 3 - Os-nHA-Nb, group 4 - No treatment. After 21 days dentin discs were subjected to SEM to analyze the tubule occlusion. Post treatment to simulate the clinical conditions the dentin discs were subjected to citric acid challenge and analyzed under SEM for tubular occlusion. Results: Results will be tabulated and statistically analyzed.
Reg. No. 362
Category: Original Research
Three-dimensional analysis of the post-space
Roja Bastia
Institute of Dental Sciences, Bhubaneshwar, Odisha, India
Background: Functional and aesthetic rehabilitation of endodontically treated teeth with substantial loss of tooth structure often requires a post-retained fixed prosthetic restoration. Digital images of the prepared tooth which are required for CAD/CAM fabrication of a restoration can be obtained by direct intraoral scanning or by scanning impressions. However, no evidence has determined which of the available procedures is best for scanning the post space and CAD/CAM fabrication of posts. Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the volume of the post-space using direct and indirect scanning method. Materials and Methods: Thirty anterior extracted teeth were endodontically treated and prepared to receive post and core. Three different methods of scanning were used (n = 30); an intra-oral scanner to directly scan the post space (Group 1) and a laboratory scanner to directly scan the post space (Group 2) and to scan the silicone impression of the post space (Group 3). The digitalized data collected from all the groups were transferred to Exocad Dental DB 2.3 Matera 6990 software for calculation of the volume. Statistical Analysis: Kappa statistics were used to find out the agreement between the scanning methods. Results: Awaited. Conclusion: Awaited.
Reg. No. 364
Category: Original Research
Influence of desensitizing toothpastes on the bond strength of a self-ETCH adhesive to exposed dentin surfaces
Shiza Yezdani
SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Background: Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) is a frequently encountered issue which brings a plethora of problems such as a typical short sharp pain which arises when the dentinal tubules become exposed. This further leads to loss of cementum leading to gingival recession, supraeruption of teeth and extensive non-carious cervical lesions. Standard treatment for DH has not yet been established. Common method for DH is occlusion of the dentinal tubules using dentin desensitizer. Apart from this, dental adhesives such as self-etch adhesives and dentin desensitizers could significantly relieve DH immediately and over a month after treatment. Aim: The aim is to determine the influence of desensitizing toothpastes on the bond strength of a self-etch adhesive to exposed dentin surface. Materials and Methods: Flat mid-coronal dentin was exposed in extracted human molar teeth and polished. The samples were randomly divided into 5 groups, group 1: No desensitizing treatment, group 2: CPP-ACP, group 3: NM, group 4: PA and group 5: nHAp. The dentifrices were brushed on the exposed dentin surface, left in contact before rinsing with water. The samples were stored in artificial saliva and the same procedure was repeated for a week. After surface desensitizing, the dentin was subjected to bonding procedure with a universal adhesive in a self-etch mode followed by a resin composite build-up. Shear bond strength was evaluated in a universal testing machine. The mode of fracture was analysed using stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscope. Results: Results will be tabulated and statistically analyzed.
Reg. No. 365
Category: Original Research
Comparitive evaluation of fracture resistence of different flowable composites
Sravanthi Puli
SVS Institute of Dental Sciences, Mahbubnagar, Andhra Pradesh, India
Introduction: Composite is the most esthetic tooth colored restorative material. Improvement in resin based composite technology has increased the acceptance of this material among dental professionals particularly for posterior teeth. In this study we compared the fracture resistance of different flowable composites used for Class-I cavities. Materials and Methods: In this in-vitro study, 40 teeth were divided into 4 groups of 10 each. Class-I cavities were prepared and restored with 4 different flowable composites i.e Grandio Flow, Premise Flowable, Ivoclar Tetric-N-Flow, Dentsply respectively. Fracture resistance of teeth was measured by Universal testing machine. Results: Results will be statistically analysed.
Reg. No. 366
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Treatment strategies for fluorosis teeth – Case series
Veluru Mounika
Narayana Dental College, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India
Aim: Aesthetic improvement of fluorosis teeth with minimal intervention procedures. Introduction: Dental fluorosis is a disease caused by excessive deposition of fluoride in enamel featured with white or yellowish lesions on tooth surface. This condition affects both function and aesthetics, Presence of fluoride provokes a defective crystal growth responsible for typical features of fluorosis. Features of dental fluorosis are various and the extent of it could be clinically heterogeneous: spotted enamel, brownish or yellowish lesions, pitted surfaces and thin and horizontals striations can appear on all tooth surfaces affecting dentin. Several treatment strategies were proposed for dental fluorosis, which depend on the severity and extent of the disease. The most frequently reported are micro and/or macro-abrasion, dental bleaching, composite restorations, veneers and prosthetic crowns moreover, a recent review indicated the resin infiltration technique as the most performing and promising approach. Methodology: 1st case – Remineralizing tooth paste will be advised. 2nd case – Bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide for 8 minutes in 1st visit & patient will be advised to use remineralizing tooth paste for 1 month. 3rd case – Microabrasion will be performed. 4th case – Resin infiltration will be performed. Results: Study in progres.
Reg. No. 367
Category: Original Research
Effect of different beverages on the color stability of two composite resin materials – An in vitro spectrophotometric analysis
Nidhi Manhas
Institute of Dental Sciences, Sehora, Jammu and Kashmir, India
Background: The color and esthetic appearance of natural teeth has become increasingly important for patients. This study was done to compare the effect of different beverages on the color stability of microhybrid and nanohybrid composite resin materials with in vitro Spectrophotometric analysis. Materials and Methods: This in vitro study was done in the department of conservative dentistry and endodontic. The study includes 160 composite discs with 80 samples in Group I: Ivoclar Vivadent (Te–Economplus) (Mircohybrid) and 80 samples in Group II: Filtek Z350 XT (3M) (Nanohybrid). They were further sub divided into eight subgroups with 10 samples in each (distilled water, green tea, black coffee, coca cola. Orange juice,, Pomegranate Juice, Beetroot Juice and redbull. Each composite disc was dipped in each beverages 3 times a day for 10 minutes for 56 days consecutively. Later sample disc were checked for color changes using spectrophotometer. Results were noted, and collected data was statistically analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey Post – hoc test. Results: Highest discoloration was observed in group I composite resin in subgroup 8 and least discoloration was observed in subgroup 1 and 5 followed by subgroup 2, subgroup 7, subgroup 4, subgroup 3 and subgroup 7. Highest discoloration was observed in group II in subgroup 3 and least discoloration was observed in subgroup 1 followed by subgroup 2, subgroup 5, subgroup7, subgroup 4, subgroup 6 and subgroup 8. Compared to microhybrid (group I) nanohybrid (Group II) had lowest color changes with beverages. Conclusion: Red bull showed maximum discoloration in microhybrid composite while black coffee in nanohybrid composite. Microhybrid composite resin showed more discoloration as compared to Nanohybrid composite resin in overall all the beverages.
Reg. No. 369
Category: Original Research
Effect of dentin biomodification techniques on dentin bonding and nano leakage using 2 different adhesive systems
R. Shirley Stella Josephine
Best Dental Science College, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) on microtensile bond strength, nanoleakage of two different adhesive systems on sound and eroded dentin. Materials and Methods: Forty eight human mandibular molars were selected for this study. After the dentin surface was exposed, these teeth were randomly divided into 2 main groups: Group 1 (sound dentin) and Goup 2 (eroded dentin) with (n=24) in each group. These groups are further divided based on the application of DMSO as: Group 1A (sound dentin+ with DMSO), Group 1B (sound dentin+ without DMSO), Group 2A (eroded dentin+ with DMSO) and Group 2B (eroded dentin+ without DMSO). These groups are then further subdivided according to the adhesive systems as total etch and self etch system each containing (n=6) in each group. The adhesive systems Tetric N Bond and Tetric N Bond Universal were applied and restored using resin composite. Then the samples were sectioned and evaluated for microtensile bond strength. Selected sticks were used for detecting nanoleakage. Results: The study is under progress.
Reg. No. 370
Category: Original Research
Comparison of efficacy of novel caries detecting dye with gold standard caries detecting dye
Pooja R. Mohanty
Institute of Dental Sciences
Background: Management of deep dental caries is critical in restoring tooth. However, removal of infected dentin is based on its consistency and colour. Caries detecting dye become essential and aid clinician in removing caries infected dentin through colour staining property. Caries detecting dye stain infected dentin darker than affected dentin and several studies have shown it to be both specific and sensitive procedure. However the property of caries detecting dye to stain infected dentin is due to its low molecular weight. This study compares gold standard caries detecting dye with novel staining dye and compares its effectiveness in staining infected dentin. Aim: The aim of the present study is to compare the efficacy of novel caries detecting dye solution with gold standard caries detector dyes. Materials and Methods: Twenty extracted human posterior teeth (n=20) without pulpal exposure were sectioned mesiodistally through the center of the lesions using a water-cooled disk. The tooth were randomly divided into two groups and treated with Caries Detector (CD) and experimental group. Effective caries removal was done after application of dye solution. Staining efficacy will be evaluated under dental operating microscope and stereomicroscope by three reviewers. Statistical Analysis: Intra and Inter operator reliability will be assessed with Cohen kappa coefficient assessment. Results: The study is under progress. Conclusion: The study is under progress.
Reg. No. 372
Category: Original Research
Tooth discoloration induced by calcium silicate based materials with or without dentin bonding agent: Spectrophotometric analysis
Tanvi Kohli
Swami Devi Dyal Dental Hospital and College, Golpura, Haryana, India
Aim: To compare the tooth discoloration induced by different calcium silicate based materials with or without dentin bonding agent using spectrophotometry. Materials and Methods: 90 maxillary single rooted anterior teeth were divided into 3 groups and further divided into 6 subgroups with 15 samples each. Group I(a) - ProRoot MTA (White) with dentin bonding agent. Group I(b) - ProRoot MTA (White) without dentin bonding agent. Group II(a) - MTA Angelus (Grey) with dentin bonding agent, Group II(b) - MTA Angelus (Grey) without dentin bonding agent, Group III(a) - Biodentine with dentin bonding agent, Group III(b) - Biodentine without dentin bonding agent. Access cavity will be prepared and biomechanical preparation using rotary Protaper until F2 will be done. The coronal gutta percha will be removed 3 mm using Peeso Reamer and 3 mm plug of these materials will be placed in root canal below the coronal orifice respectively. The teeth will be sealed with RMGIC. The samples will be analysed for discoloration after 24 hours, 1 week, 1 month and 3 months. Collected data was statistically analysed using One Way ANOVA followed by Tukey's Hsd Post hoc analysis. Results: The results showed that Group III(a) showed least discoloration as compared to the Group I(a), Group I(b) and Group II(a) and Group II(b) at all intervals of time and Group II(a) showed maximum discoloration. Conclusion: All the three endodontic materials showed coronal discoloration at each interval. The application of dentin bonding agent prior to the materials used had a significant role in preventing the discoloration of the teeth.
Reg. No. 374
Category: Original Research
Effect of different modelling agents on colour stability of composite
Sweta Mishra
Institute of Dental Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
Context: Composites are the most commonly preferred direct restoratives used for minimally invasive procedure to provide optical characteristics similar to those of natural teeth; despite the favourable properties of composites, viscous resin monomers in composites make it difficult to sculpt them for marginal adaptation to fit the natural anatomical shapes of teeth. Therefore, various modeling agents have been proposed to improve the adaptation and configuration of composites. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of two modeling agents on the color change (?E) of a universal composite on exposure to softdrinks, tea and coffee. Materials and Methods: Eighty three cylinder-shaped composite specimens of 4 x 8 mm thickness were prepared using a plastic mould. The specimens' surfaces were prepared as following groups: group A, no modeling agent; group B, Light-curing SHOFU Ceramage Modeling Liquid; group C, Dentsply Ceramco III Modeling Liquid; and group D, a universal adhesive (Ivoclar Tetric N-Bond Universal Bond)system. Except group A, application of modelling agent was done between each increment of composite with composite brush followed by last application, protected by glycerine and light cured. All specimens were randomly allocated into 3 subgroups according to storage media: softdrink (A1, B1, C1 & D1), tea (A2, B2, C2 & D2) and coffee (A3, B3, C3 & D3). Colour change (?E) was measured at 24 hours, 1 week, and 6 weeks intervals. Statistical Analysis: Obtained data will be subjected to statistical analysis. Results: Study is currently under process. Conclusion: Conclusion is awaited.
Reg. No. 376
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Endodontic management of teeth with different canal variations
Pawar Kiran
Government Dental College and Hospital, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India
Context: The hard tissue repository of the human dental pulp takes on numerous configurations and shapes. A thorough knowledge of the root canal anatomy and its variations is required for achieving success in root canal therapy, along with diagnosis, treatment planning and clinical expertise. Human molars and premolars demonstrate relatively high anatomic variations and abnormalities with respect to number of roots and root canals. The presence of an untreated canal may be a reason for failure. Aim: The aim of this paper is to discuss the endodontic management of teeth with different canal configurations (C shape canal, 2 palatal canals in maxillary 1st molar, 2 canals in mandibular canine, mid mesial and mid distal canals, apical split canal). Materials and Methods: The patient received local anesthesia. Conventional endodontic access opening was made. Clinical examination with a DG-16 endodontic explorer revealed distinct orifices. Scouting and working length estimation done with no.10 and no.15?K-files by means of an apex locator and confirmed with a periapical radiograph. The canals were cleaned and shaped under copious irrigation with 3% sodium hypochlorite and obturated accordingly. Results: All the patients were asymptomatic in regular follow-ups. Conclusion: Clinicians undertaking treatment of complex anatomy cases need to be patient as prolonged and multiple appointments are very much a certainty.A thorough understanding of normal anatomy and variations, interpretation of angled radiographs, proper access cavity preparation, a detailed exploration under magnification, followed by adequate cleaning, shaping, and obturation collectively play vital role in endodontic success.
Reg. No. 377
Category: Original Research
Effect of blood contamination and various hemostatic procedures on the push out bond strength of biodentine in simulated furcation perforations
Tanvi Agrawal
Terna Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Introduction: Furcation perforations are responsible for a proportion of endodontic failures. Significant step during perforation repair and sealing is hemostasis and use of perforation repair material. Aim: To compare the effect of Blood Contamination and use of 3 Hemostatic techniques, 25% aluminium chloride, 20% ferric sulfate and 980 nm diode laser on the retention characteristics of Biodentine when used as furcation repair material at 24 hrs and 7 days. Materials and Methods: Furcation perforations of standardised dimension will be prepared on 30 extracted mandibular teeth. These simulated perforation cavities will then be contaminated with freshly drawn blood and divided into 3 groups based on the Hemostatic technique used. Group 1: (n= 10)25% aluminium chloride, Group 2 (n=10) 20% ferric sulfate, Group 3 (n=10) diode laser. The perforation cavities will be restored with Biodentine. 5 out of 10 samples from each group will be tested after 24 hrs for the push out bond strength and the remaining samples after 7 days will be tested for push out bond strength using Universal testing Machine. The values will be recorded in a data collection sheet. Statistical Analysis: The data collected will be analysed using the One-way analysis of variance and Tukey's HSD post hoc test with a level of significance set at 0.05. The results will then be compared and a conclusion drawn out.
Reg. No. 378
Category: Original Research
Influence of chitosan based endo radio-opaque solution on smear layer removal
Subhashree Sahoo
Institute of Dental Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
Objective: The objective of this paper is to study the influence of CERS (CHITOSAN BASED ENDO RADIO-OPAQUE SOLUTION) on removal of the smear layer of single rooted extracted teeth. Methodology: Twelve single rooted extracted teeth were decoronated to a root length of 16 mm. The samples were divided into 2 groups, group A: instrumentation was done using Hyflex files in rotary motion up to the size 40 (4%) and in group B: instrumentation was done using Endo star E3 Azure files in reciprocating motion up to the size 45 (4%). 2 ml of 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) was used for irrigation throughout the instrumentation. Further, the groups were divided into 3 sub groups, based on the final irrigation solution used,17% EDTA group 1 (A1, B1); MTAD group 2 (A2, B2);CERS group 3 (A3, B3). Samples were split longitudinally and examined under scanning electron microscope for effective smear layer removal at coronal, middle and apical root canal levels. Data collection was subjected to statistical analysis. Results: Awaited. Conclusions: Awaited.
Reg. No. 379
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Management of external root resorption due to delayed endodontic treatment in traumatised tooth: A case report
Srishti Songsoya Chatterjee
Institute of Dental Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
Root resorption is multifactorial pathologic process leading to progressive destruction and eventual loss of root dentin and cementum. The etiology and pathogenesis of root resorption haven't yet been understood completely. However, the most significant etiological factors are trauma, pulpal infection and orthodontic treatment. It is mostly asymptomatic and is revealed accidentally by radiographic examination. Thus, regular radiographic examinations help in early diagnosis and further prevention of root resorption. A 34-year-old patient with the chief complaint of trauma had reported to department. There were no signs of resorption on clinical and radiographic examination at first visit. On subsequent appointment, external root resorption was noticed radiographically. Thus, the current case report will elaborately discuss etiology, clinical evaluation and management of external root resorption.
Reg. No. 380
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of anti-bacterial effect of resin-based sealer after exposure to three root canal irrigants: An in-vitro study
Gopal Chandra Sanyal
Mahatma Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Puducherry, India
Aim: The aim of this in vitro study is to compare and assess the antibacterial property of AH plus (resin sealer) leachates after exposure to Sodium Hypochlorite (NaOCl), Ethylene Diamine Tetraacetic acid (EDTA) and Chlorhexidine (CHX). Materials and Methods: The anti-bacterial effect of epoxy resin-based sealer after exposure to three commonly used root canal irrigants is evaluated in this study. The three common irrigants used in chemicomechanical preparation of the canal system were used in this study: 5% NaOCl, 17% EDTA, 2% CHX with saline used as control. After 10 min exposure to these irrigants, sealer leachates formed in saline of freshly mixed, 1 day, 7 days set sealers were compared in this study. For antimicrobial activity of sealer leachates E.faecalis was prepared by suspending the bacteria in phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Colonies of surviving bacteria were calculated after dilution in PBS and plating on Tryptone Soya Broth (TSB) agar plates incubated overnight at 37 °C. Results: The results based on the data reveal significant anti-bacterial activity of AH plus leachates when exposed to CHX and NaOCl compared to saline and EDTA groups (p <0.05). No significant changes were observed when comparison was made between saline and EDTA, NaOCl and CHX. Conclusion: Exposure of AH plus to CHX and NaOCl significantly improved the antibacterial effects. On the other hand, EDTA did not lead to much increase in anti-bacterial effect of AH plus.
Reg. No. 382
Category: Original Research
Evaluation of chemical interaction between polyhexamethylene biguanide and other irrigants: An in vitro study
K. Bharathi Kannan
Mahatma Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Puducherry, India
Aim: The aim of this in vitro study is to evaluate the chemical interaction of polyhexamethylene biguanide (0.2 %) with Saline (0.9%), Sodium hypochlorite (3%), Chlorhexidine (2%), and Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (17 % EDTA) which is commonly used in endodontic practice. Materials and Methods: To determine the change of colour and formation of a precipitate, when polyhexamethylene biguanide (0.2 %) interacts with Saline (0.9%), Sodium hypochlorite (3%), Chlorhexidine (2%), and EDTA (17%). 0.5 ml of each solution was mixed in a ratio of 1:1 on flat 1.5 ml of polypropylene microtubes. All the microtubes were centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 min and the supernatant was discarded. The precipitate was washed with deionized water and then acidified with 0.1% formic acid. Results: The result based on the experiment reveals the formation of a yellowish white precipitate when 0.2 % polyhexamethylene biguanide interacts with 3 % Sodium hypochlorite, no precipitate formation was observed when 0.2 % polyhexamethylene biguanide mixed with 0.9% Saline, 2 % Chlorhexidine, 17 % EDTA. Conclusion: A yellowish-white precipitate was observed in the association between polyhexamethylene biguanide and Sodium hypochlorite.
Reg. No. 383
Category: Original Research
Efficacy of hand files versus rotary retreatment files systems in gutta percha removal from curved canals in tooth accessed with ultraconservative opening
Mustafa Hajoori, Dritali Patel
Karnavati School of Dentistry, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
Aim: To compare the efficacy of different rotary instruments for removing obturating material from root canals with Ninja access in mandibular mesiobuccal curved canals using CBCT. Materials and Methods: Forty extracted human mandibular molar teeth were accessed through UltraConservative opening (Ninja Access). They were then obturated using gutta percha and AH Plus sealer using lateral compaction technique. The teeth were then stored for 1 week. The samples were divided into four groups according to the rotary file used for removing the obturating material: Group I – Hedstrom Files; Group II – Pro taper Universal Retreatment Files; Group III – Neoendo Retreatment Files; Group IV – R-Endo Retreatment. The amount of remaining filling material after the retreatment procedure was checked with CBCT. The data was statistically analyzed. Results: No significant difference was found between used files during removal of gutta percha (P>0.05). However, the three rotary retreatment files left significantly less remnants than Hedström files during removal of the gutta percha. The time taken for retreatment was significantly higher for Hedström filed followed by R-endo retreatment files. There was no significant difference between Protaper and Neo-Endo retreatment files. Conclusion: All of the retreatment rotary file systems were effective for removing endodontic filling material, and the material remaining after retreatment was comparable, but the Neo-Endo rotary retreatment system was faster.
Reg. No. 384
Category: Original Research
Comparative assessment of various calcium hydroxide combinations in pain reduction during endodontic treatment
Khan Alreem Suhel Subedar
Terna Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Introduction: Pain is defined as an unpleasant situation of any degree after initiation of endodontic treatment either intra-appointment or post-obturation and is considered an undesirable occurrence for both patient and dentist. It is suggested that bacterial injury is probably the major cause of pain. Intracanal medicaments are widely used to destroy any bacteria surviving after instrumentation and irrigation. The aim of this study is to assess the ability of calcium hydroxide and its various combinations when used as intra-canal medication in reducing postoperative pain. Methodology: 30 patients with teeth requiring endodontic treatment were randomly assigned into three groups according to the intra-canal medication used: Group 1 (n=10): calcium hydroxide group (CH), Group 2 (n=10): calcium hydroxide group (CH) with ibuprofen, and Group 3 (n=10): calcium hydroxide group (CH) with ciprofloxacin. Pain will be recorded using Visual Analog Scale at pre operative, one day, three days, and seven days intervals for patients undergoing endodontic treatment in the department. The pain recordings will be marked on a data collection sheet and the same will be processed using an appropriate statistical test. Inter and Intra group comparisons between the various test groups will be drawn out helping us get an idea of the feasibility of calcium hydroxide combinations usage in pain reduction for endodontic treatment.
Reg. No. 385
Category: Original Research
A confocal laser scanning microscopic evaluation of hybrid layer thickness by using three different adhesives systems on the dentinal surface – An in vitro study
Talagadadeevi Prasanna Lakshmi Sudha
KIMS Dental College and Hospital, Amalapuram, Andhra Pradesh, India
Background: The adhesives are classified according to the bonding strategies, these different systems mechanisms were currently believed to be based on micromechanical interlocking rather than on primary chemical adhesion due to resin infiltration into demineralized dentin permitting the formation of hybrid layers and resin tags. Incomplete resin impregnation results in the reduction of the bond strength. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate hybrid layer thickness on coronal dentin by inducing three different modes of adhesives. Materials and Methods: Thirty freshly extracted mandibular molars were decoronated up to mid-coronal and sectioned longitudinally along the mesiodistal line. The specimens were divided randomly based on three adhesive systems (n=10) which were labeled with rhodamine B dye, and grouped into: Group I [n=10] Total etch [Adper single bond 2], Group II[n=10] Self etch [Adper prompt L-pop], Group III[n=10] All in one [Optibond]. Application of adhesives on the occlusal dentin following the manufacturer's recommendations and were subsequently light cured for 20 sec. Then a 2-mm thick composite [beautiful II] layer will be applied and light cured, for 20 s. The specimens will be stored in distilled water at 37°C for 24 h. Two slices were sectioned media–distally from each sample and were investigated with a confocal laser scanning microscope. Results: Results are in progress.
Reg. No. 386
Category: Original Research
A finite element analysis of the effect of fibre post on stress distribution in endodontically treated maxillary first premolar
V. Vidya
KMCT College of Dental Sciences, Kozhikode, Kerala, India
Context: Endodontically treated teeth are structurally different from non-restored vital teeth. Hence, they require specific restorative treatments. The retention of restorative materials, in cases with substantial coronal dentine loss, can be enhanced by an endodontic post. Compared to molars, premolars have less tooth substance and smaller pulp chambers to retain a core build-up after endodontic treatment and the possibility of cusp fractures during function, is higher for endodontically treated premolars with MOD preparations and the stress distribution within the root of tooth play a key role in understanding fracture resistance and crack propagation mechanisms. Aim: By means of a finite element method (FEM), this study is to evaluate the effect of fiber post (FP) placement on the stress distribution in endodontically treated upper first premolars (UFPs) with mesial–occlusal–distal (MOD) composite restorations under static load. Materials and Methods: FEM models are created to simulate three different clinical situations involving endodontically treated upper first premolars with MOD cavities restored wih one of the following: composite resin, one fibre post in the palatal root and two fibre post – one in palatal and buccal root. As control, the model of an intact upper first premolar was included. A simulated load of 150 N is applied. Stress distribution is observed on each model surface, on the mid buccal– palatal plane, and on two horizontal planes (at cervical and root-furcation levels); the maximum Von Mises stress values are calculated. Results: Study under progress.
Reg. No. 388
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Unflap the wings to enhance the grins: A novel approach for diastema closure
Priyanka Tripathi, Deep Shree Pradhan
Buddha Institute of Dental Sciences And Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India
Introduction: Midline diastemas are commonly cited by patients as a primary aesthetic concern and are defined as an interdental space greater than 0.5 mm within the maxillary central incisors. Diastema Closure with direct composites is minimally invasive and often performed procedures in restorative dentistry and is a technique-sensitive procedure. 1. FRONT WING TECHNIQUE: Front 'wings' are developed, and posterior sectional matrices are used to achieve a good contact point. The palatal part is easily contoured against the buccal wings on one side and the proximal matrices on the other. Flowable resin is first placed and not cured. Next, the composite is packed from the palatal aspect until no more material flows out from the buccal. This ensures good sealing of the space and helps in achieving tight contact. 2. PROCEDURE WITH PUTTY INDEX: A palatal silicone index is made and fit is checked inside the patient's mouth. The shade selection is done. Etching and bonding procedures are used. The palatal putty index is repositioned, and direct composite material is added incrementally on 11, 21. Finishing and polishing are then carried out sequentially in both techniques. Conclusion: In a time where conservative dentistry is nearly always preferred, the front-wing technique is easy to work with as it makes an objective that is difficult to achieve look simpler. Skipping the palatal index allowed us to achieve a good emergence profile and contact without complicating the procedure.
Reg. No. 389
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
MTA inlay a creative approach in teeth with open apex
Shubham Kassa
Pandit Upadhyay Dental College, Solapur, Maharashtra, India
This article reports an alternative technique in the treatment of a central incisor with a wide open apex and parallel dentinal walls. Root canal treatment was initiated, and calcium hydroxide intracanal medicament was placed in the canal for a month. The intracanal medicament was removed by instrumentation and irrigation was done with 3% sodium hypochlorite and 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. A light body impression of the root canal space was made and replicated the three-dimensional root canal space in a putty impression. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) was condensed into the impression and allowed to set for 24 h in the presence of moisture to obtain a inlay. This inlay was cemented into the canal. Follow-up of every 3 months revealed clinically asymptomatic and satisfactory healing of periapical lesion.
Reg. No. 390
Category: Original Research
Efficacy of indigenously developed needle design for endodontic irrigation – A laboratory based study
Narsigari Achuth
Narayana Dental College, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India
Background: The success of endodontic treatment depends on the eradication of microbes from the root-canal system and prevention of reinfection. The root canal is shaped with hand and rotary instruments under constant irrigation to remove the inflamed and necrotic tissue, microbes/biofilms, and other debris from the root-canal space. Irrigants have traditionally been delivered into the root-canal space using syringes and metal needles of different size and tip design. The ability of an irrigant to penetrate into the apical region of a canal depends on multiple factors like pressure whether positive or negative, irrigations needle guage, distance from the root tip as weel as size and shape of vent. The commercially available needle designs consist of hexagonal or rhomboid shapes with or without bevelling and we even have side vented or open vented needles but still the complete disinfection of the apical third of root canal still is an difficult hurdle to overcome, this study aims to create a novel double side vented needles of elliptical design to create a three dimensional irrigant flow pattern in the apical third of root canal to disinfect the root canal space. Aim: To evaluate the effect of needle tip design on irrigant in apical third of root canal. Objective: To assess the different needle tip designs and their effect on irrigants in apical third of root canal. Methodology: Commercially available irrigation needles will be made into a cad file using cad software and one virtually developed indigenous needle design will also be fabricated using cad auto tool software, the design consists of elliptical shaped vents placed on lateral surfaces of needle with closed apical end .These designs will be tested using gambit software which is advanced tool for determining fluid dynamics given fixed parameters and the parameter tested is irrigating solution flow pattern in the apical third of root canal. Results: Study in progress
Reg. No. 391
Category: Original Research
Antimicrobial effects of Mimosa pudica (touch me not plant) against Streptococcus mutans, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli – An in vitro study
Tharun Samuel Mathai
SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Context: Increase in antibiotic resistance has lead to a search for herbal alternatives. Mimosa pudica root extract contains mimosine, a non-protein amino acid having a wide array of properties mainly anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory. Aim: The aim of the study is to comparatively evaluate the anti-microbial effect of Mimosa pudica root extract against E. coli, E. faecalis and S. mutans. Methodology: Preparation of aqueous and alcoholic extract of Mimosa pudica will be done. To determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the above extract against E.coli, E. faecalis and S. mutans by broth dilution method. Tested samples will be categorized as group 1-calcium hydroxide, group 2- Mimosa pudica aqueous root extract, group 3- Mimosa pudica alcoholic root extract. Inoculum will be prepared by making a direct broth suspension of different isolated bacterial colonies from 18 to 24 hour agar suspension and will be adjusted to achieve turbidity equivalent to a 0.5 McFarland turbidity standard. 1 mL of the inoculum is added to each tube containing 1 mL of antimicrobial testing agent in the dilution series. Inoculated tubes will be incubated at 35 ± 2°C for 16 to 20 hours. To determine MBC, dilution representing MIC and two of more concentrated product dilutions will be plated to determine viable colony factor unit/ml. Results: Results will be tabulated and statistically analysed.
Reg. No. 398
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Keeping it alive: Direct pulp capping
Hardik Shah, Shivangi Pujara
Government Dental College and Hospital, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India
Introduction: Pain caused by pulpitis is one of the most common reasons for emergency dental visits and root canal treatment has traditionally been recommended as a treatment of choice. However, in early stages of irreversible pulpitis, vital pulp therapy can be considered as an alternative to preserve pulp vitality and for formation of reparative dentin. Direct pulp capping is a simpler and less invasive treatment in which a bioactive material is placed over exposed pulp and sealed with a permanent restoration. By virtue of minimal dental intervention, further damage to pulp is prevented. Aim: The aim is to evaluate the outcome of direct pulp capping with Biodentine (Septodont, Paris, France) in deeply carious teeth with carious pulp exposure. Materials and Methods: Vital pulps exposed during deep caries excavation in permanent molar teeth under rubber dam isolation were treated either with 3% sodium hypochlorite for 2 minutes or with 2% chlorhexidine for 30 seconds for achieving hemostasis and disinfection following which the pulp tissue was capped with Biodentine covering the entire pulpal floor. This was followed by the placement of resin-modified glass ionomer cement and final restoration with 3M Single Bond universal adhesive and Hybrid Composite (Ivoclar Vivadent Tetric N-Ceram, India). Results: In the follow-up period that ranged from 5 to 6 months, all teeth are asymptomatic. Conclusion: Biodentine appears to be suitable material for direct pulp capping under clinical conditions. However long-term follow-up is required in order to evaluate the effectiveness of Biodentine in a long run.
Reg. No. 399
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Non surgical endodontic management of three different type of dens invaginatus associated with periapical lesion: A case series
Sanjeev Kunhappan
Government Dental College, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
Background: Dens invaginatus is a developmental anomaly that mostly affects the permanent maxillary lateral incisors and results in an enamel-lined cavity intruding into the crown or root before the mineralization phase. This anomaly may increase the risk of pulp disease and can potentially complicate endodontic procedure due to the aberrant root canal anatomy. Oehler's (1957) gave the classification for Dens In Dente into three types depending on the depth of the invagination. The diagnosis is based on clinical and radiological examinations. Thorough knowledge of the possible aberrancies in root canal system is imperative for the success of endodontic therapy. The challenge also lies in through debridement, disinfection and three dimensional obturation. Aim: Successful non surgical endodontic management of three different types of Dens invaginatus associated with periapical lesion. Methods: After access cavity preparation narrow dens cavity opening was identified. Debridement was carried out by using K-files and copious amount of warm 3% sodium hypochlorite using passive ultrasonic activation. Disinfection was done using triple antibiotic paste as intracanal medicament for three weeks. Obturation was done with mineral trioxide aggregate and access cavity sealed with composite resin. Results: During follow up patients remained asymptomatic and radiographs showed trabecular reconstruction with resolution of periapical lesion. Conclusion: Successful treatment depends on the proper understanding and knowledge of the variations in the canal configuration. This case series presents the successful non surgical endodontic management of three different types of Dens invaginatus, associated with periapical lesion.
Reg. No. 400
Category: Original Research
Comparison of microleakage in Class I cavities with pulpal exposure using biological substrate with conventional pulp capping agents
Smiley
Sri Guru Ramdas Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Amritsar, Punjab, India
Background: The development of minimally invasive biologically based therapies aimed at preservation of the pulp vitality remains the ultimate goal for endodontics. Calcium hydroxide & bioceramic materials have been used as pulp capping agents, but their low bond strength to restorative materials affects sealing ability, hence microleakage can occur. Aim: Aim of this present study was to evaluate microleakage using biological tooth substrate (enamel slab) as a pulp capping agent compared with conventional pulp capping materials such as Dycal and Biodentine. Materials and Methods: Class 1 cavities with pulpal exposure were prepared in freshly extracted premolars (orthodontic reasons) and divided into 4 groups. Group 1 was restored with enamel slab as pulp capping agent with RMGIC base, Group 2 was restored with enamel slab without RMGIC base, Group 3 was restored with biodentine and RMGIC base and Group 4 was restored with calcium hydroxide and RMGIC base. Then these cavities were restored with posterior composite. All specimens after restoration were evaluated for microleakage under a stereomicroscope using the dye penetration method. Results: Results of this present study are awaited and will be further statistically analysed.
Reg. No. 401
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of mechanical strength and antimicrobial activity of reinforced glass ionomer cement with nano-hydroxyapatite-silica, titanium di oxide and conventional glass ionomer cement: An in vitro study
Garima Joshi Kaushal
School of Dental Sciences, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
Background: Glass ionomer cements (GICs) are water-based cements, have been widely used as restorative dental-filling materials.However, GICs are brittle and have poor mechanical properties that include low fracture strength, fracture toughness and wear resistance. These properties are their main disadvantages to overcome it modifications will be made in its composition. Aim: Aim is to assess the microleakage, shear bond strength & antibacterial activity of reinforced GIC with nano hydroxyapatite silica, titanium di oxide & conventional GIC . Methods: Nanohydoxyapatite silica will be made through sol-gel technique similarly titanium dioxide nanotubes will be made and incorporate into the conventional GIC and later on its microleakage assesment, shear bond strength and antimicrobial testing will be done. Statistical Analysis: The data will be analysed using statistical package for social sciences (spss)version 21. Graph will be prepared on Microsoft excel. Results: The incorporation of nanohydroxyapatite into GIC has shown great improvements in the physical and biological properties of the GIC, thus, making it one of the most suitable additives to be used. Conclusion: GIC exerts some shortcomings which limit its usage in clinical dentistry, particularly in high-stress bearing areas. The shortcomings of GIC can be improved by the addition of some specific additives.
Reg. No. 402
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Evaluation of effect of diode laser, biodentine and PRF membrane in direct pulp capping procedure: A case report
Baishakhi Sarkar
Dr. R. Ahmed Dental College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Vital pulp therapy is aimed at preserving and maintaining health of pulp in teeth where pulp exposure had occurred. One of the options is “Direct Pulp Capping” where exposed vital pulp is covered with a protective capping agent in an attempt to preserve pulp vitality. For this purpose Diode LASER can be used to expedite the repair of the pulp. Cariously exposed permanent teeth with reversible pulpitis were selected and under local anaesthesia before rubber dam isolation, followed by caries removal, were divided into 4 groups. In GROUP 1, Biodentine and in GROUP 2, patients own PRF membrane placed on exposure site followed by RMGIC liner and composite restoration. After the LASER application in both GROUPS 3 & 4, Biodentine placed in GROUP 3 and PRF membrane placed in GROUP 4 followed by final restoration. The patients were kept on regular follow up visits. The thickness of reparative dentine were assessed radiographically and was found that the LASER assisted pulp capping procedures showed better results.
Reg. No. 406
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of cyclic fatigue resistance of newly introduced different rotary file systems – An in vitro study
Nivedita Saini, Meghana Vartak
Teerthnaker Mahaveer Dental College, Bagadpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
Aim: Aim of the study is to evaluate and compare the cyclic fatigue resistance of newly introduced different rotary file systems. Methodology: Nickel Titanium (NiTi) rotary files were selected and were distributed into five different groups:-1. Rotary TruNatomy Nickel Titanium file (DentsplySirona, Maillefer, Ballaigue, Switzerland), 2. Rotary Gen endo Nickel Titanium file (Coltene/Whaledent, Altstätten, Switzerland), 3.Rotary Neoendo flex rotary file Nickel Titanium file (Orikam), 4. Rotary Endo xp shaper file system.(FkG, Brasseler, USA). All files with ISO tip size of no.25 ,4% taper and instrument length 25?mm are taken and tested for cyclic fatigue resistance in testing device. The artificial canal with 60-degree with 3?mm radius is used The device is attached to a base that allows three-dimensional reproducible position. X-Smart rotary endodontic motor (X-Smart; Dentsply, Maillefer) is attached to the device. Every file is rotated at speed (according to manufactures instruction) until it will separate inside the testing model and a stopwatch will be used simultaneously. The time of fracture for each file will be visually recorded with a stopwatch to 8 the nearest whole seconds. Afterwards, the number of cycles to fracture (NCF) will be calculated by multiplying the time required (in seconds) to failure with rotational speed. Number of cycles to fracture (NCF) = RPM × Time. The following data will be collected and statistics will be applied to draw results. Results: Results are in process.
Reg. No. 409
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Radix entomolaris/paramolaris: An endodontic challenge: A series of 4 cases
Sushmita Chakraborty
NIMS Dental College and Hospital, Chitanukalan, Rajasthan, India
A comprehensive knowledge about the root morphology and the root canal anatomy and their variations are the basic prerequisite for a successful endodontic treatment. Mandibular molars are no exception to this rule. These are the teeth which may have an additional root located lingually (radix entomolaris) or bucally (radix paramolaris).The prevalence of these three rooted mandibular first molars appears to be less than 3% in African population, not to exceed 4.2% in Caucasians, to be less than 5% in Eurasian and Asian populations, and to be higher than 5% (even upto 40%)in populations with Mongolian traits. Here we report 3 cases of radix entomolaris and 1 case of radix paramolaris to increase awareness and understanding of this unusual morphology so that procedural errors during endodontic therapy might be avoided.
Reg. No. 412
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Every tooth in a man's head is more valuable than a diamond
Akshada Mungee, Itika Jain
Sri Aurobindo College of Dentistry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
Context: White spot lesions (WSLs) are opacities that occur by demineralisation of enamel under the surface and cause aesthetic problems. WSLs can be either recognized as the first clinical sign of enamel caries or as a developmental anomaly (hypomineralisation). The treatment of white lesions should aim at arresting the lesion progression of carious lesions and improving the aesthetics by diminishing the opacity of the developmental disturbances of a tooth. Over the years many treatment methods have been proposed but none of them have shown good clinical results. In recent years, the resin infiltration technique, used as a microinvasive treatment for WSLs, has become a very attractive therapeutic method. Aim: The aim of this report was to evaluate the effectiveness of Icon infiltration resin on white spots lesion. Materials and Methods: Patients reporting to the department with the chief complaint of white spot on the anterior teeth. A microinvasive therapeutic approach with infiltrating resin Icon (DMG, Hamburg, Germany) was preferred, applying DMG Icon caries infiltration vestibular resin, due to WSLs localisation. Conclusion: The ICON system significantly improves the aesthetics of the affected teeth, and thus also improves the patients' well-being. The aesthetic effect of this treatment was evident immediately after treatment. This technique is considered to be microinvasive and might bridge the gap between non-invasive and minimally invasive treatment of WSLs, postponing, as long as possible, the need for other restorative procedures.
Reg. No. 415
Category: Original Research
Non carious cervical restoration - biomimetic approach to predictable prognosis
Pranav Paresh Tillu
MIDSR Dental College and Hospital, Latur, Maharashtra, India
Introduction: The most common failure of class V restoration occurs due to marginal discolouration, cervical gap formation, sensitivity, loss of tooth structure. The differential polymerization shrinkage stress to dentin and enamel on cervical cavities may potentially lead to failure of the restorations. Employment of the principles of biomimetic dentistry can lead to predictable prognosis. Aim: To evaluate and compare the marginal microleakage of heated packable composite and bulk fill packable composite with and without biomimetic approach in non-carious cervical cavities. Materials and Methods: The study was performed on 100 human extracted premolars. Standardized Class V cavities involving the radicular dentin and cervical enamel were prepared on facial surfaces of each specimen. Specimens were divided into 4 groups (n=25). Group 1 Total etch bonding protocol using universal bonding agent (UBA) (3M ESPE) and restoration with heated packable composite (3M ESPE), Group 2 Total etch bonding protocol using UBA (3M ESPE) and restoration with bulk fill packable composite (Shofu beautifil), Group 3 IDS of dentin with Clearfil SE (Kuraray) bond and biobase formation, selective etching for enamel, UBA (3M ESPE) and restoration with heated packable composite, Group 4 IDS of dentin with Clearfil SE bond and biobase formation, selective etching of enamel, UBA (3M ESPE) and restoration with bulk fill packable composite (Shofu beautifil). Specimens were subjected to thermocycling. The specimens were then immersed in Saffranin stain for 48 h. They were sectioned longitudinally and were observed under a confocal laser scanning microscope. Results: Results are awaited.
Reg. No. 417
Category: Original Research
Efficacy of different commercially available remineralizing agents on erosive lesions remineralization – In vitro study
Athirajulawaru Pranaya, K. Anusha Reddy
MNR Dental College, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
Introduction: Almost in 20% of the population erosion or Chemical wear of tooth is a well-established dental pathology. About 89% of individuals with severe tooth wear were found to have erosive etiology. The demineralized defects can be treated by remineralizing agents. Aim: The aim of this study is to compare the different commercially available toothpastes containing nano-hydroxyapatite, arginine, novamin particles infiltration into artificially created erosive lesions on the enamel to assess the gain of mineral content. Materials and Methods: Thirty extracted human premolars were collected to obtain enamel samples. They are disinfected and to create erosive lesions carbonated drinks are used. Samples are divided into 3 groups nanohydroxyapatite, arginine, novamin [n=10] respectively and checked for the mineral content before infiltration via energy dispersive xray spectroscopy. The commercially available toothpastes were infiltrated over the tooth and checked for gain of mineral content via energy dispersive xray spectroscopy- scanning electron microscopy. Results: Awaited.
Reg. No. 419
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of the sealing ability and depth of penetration of premixed bioceramic versus epoxy resin-based sealers in endodontically treated teeth, irrigated with different chelating agents: In vitro study
Surelee Chavan
Y. M. T. Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Aim of the study: The aim of this in-vitro study was to comparatively evaluate the sealing ability and depth of penetration of two different root canal sealers (pre-mixed bioceramic sealer and epoxy resin-based sealer) in endodontically treated teeth when irrigated with two different chelating agents (EDTA and Chitosan). Methodology: The present in-vitro study was carried out on single-rooted extracted human teeth with a single canal and complete root formation. The extracted teeth were subjected to standardized root canal instrumentation (crown-down technique) and were irrigated with 5.25% NaOCl after each instrument. Based on the final irrigating solution used, samples were divided randomly into two groups: (1) 17% EDTA, (2) 0.2% Chitosan. After irrigation, the samples from each group were further randomly sub-divided and each group was obturated using either (A) Premixed bioceramic sealer and (B) Epoxy-resin based sealer using cold lateral condensation technique. Transverse sections were made of one half of the sample and tubular penetration depth were measured by Confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). To test the sealing ability, the other half of the sample was longitudinally sectioned and viewed under a Scanning electron Microscope (SEM analysis). Results: Results of the study are awaited. Conclusion and Clinical Significance: The results of the study will help understand the bonding of the new premixed bioceramic sealers to the dentinal walls and also focus on the role of chelating agents for improving the sealing ability.
Reg. No. 420
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of depth of penetration of sodium hypochlorite in radicular dentine with different irrigant activation techniques: An in-vitro confocal laser scanning microscopy study
Hrishikesh Joshi
Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University Dental College and Hospital, Sangli, Maharashtra, India
Aim: To evaluate and compare the depth of penetration of sodium hypochlorite in radicular dentinal tubules by manual dynamic agitation, XP Endo finisher files, sonic agitation, passive ultrasonic activation. Materials and Methods: The extracted teeth will be stored in 0.1% Thymol solution for preservation and disinfection until use. The crowns of the teeth will be decoronated with a diamond disc bur and a straight handpiece to standardize a root length of 15 mm. Working length will be determined by extending the file beyond the apex and subtracting 0.5 mm from length of file and that file length will be considered as working length. Two coats of nail polish will be applied around the root surface, and modelling wax will be used to seal off the apex to prevent irrigant leakage. Biomechanical preparation will be done with Protaper gold files till F4 maintaining patency of the canals. Irrigation with normal saline and sodium hypochlorite will be done using side vented needle and luer lock syringe for initial irrigation. Preparation of sodium hypochlorite with Rhodamine B dye for final irrigation protocol-0.1 gm of Rhodamine B will be diluted in 500 ml of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite. After biomechanical preparation is done the teeth will be randomly divided into 4 test groups and 1 control group for final irrigation activation protocol. Statistical Analisis: For the study, appropriate statistical analysis will be applied depending on the distribution of the data. Results and Conclusion: This is an on-going study; the results are awaited.
Reg. No. 421
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of the efficacy of 3 remineralizing solutions to prevent stain absorption on freshly bleached enamel – An in vitro study
D. L. Malini
St. Joseph Dental College, Eluru, Andhra Pradesh, India
Background: The application of remineralizing agents is recommended following tooth bleaching to accelerate remineralization and to prevent post-operative tooth hypersensitivity and enamel staining. Aim: To compare the efficacy of three different remineralizing agents in prevention of stain absorption on freshly bleached enamel. Materials and Methods: This in-vitro study was conducted using 40 single-rooted, non-carious, extracted human incisors. Bleaching was done with 16% carbamide peroxide in cycles for 14 successive days. Following bleaching, the samples were divided into four groups of 10 samples each based on the remineralizing agent used as follows: Group I (control group); Group II (CPP-ACP); Group III (nanohydroxyapatite and mesoporous silica); Group IV (nanohydroxyapatite and chitosan). After application of respective remineralizing agents in each group, immersion in staining solution was repeated at regular intervals. Spectrophotometric evaluation of the samples was done after 3 weeks. Readings were recorded in CIELAB color system and de* (total change in color) was the primary outcome variable. Descriptive statistics, unpaired t test, one way ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc tests were done to analyze the study data. Results: It was observed that mean values for de* were highest in Group I (control) and least in Group III. The differences in de* between groups were statistically significant (p<0.001*). Post hoc analysis revealed that the pairwise differences were significant between all possible pairs. Conclusion: Nanohydroxyapatite and mesoporous silica when used as a remineralizing agent on freshly bleached enamel reduces color change effectively as compared to the other remineralizing agents evaluated in this study.
Reg. No. 423
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Aesthetic conservative management of fluorosis affected teeth with resin infiltration: Case report
Manpreet Kaur
Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Amritsar, Punjab, India
Dental fluorosis is a developmental disturbance of dental enamel caused by excessive exposure to high concentrations of fluoride during tooth development. It causes unaesthetic appearance due to mottled and pitted surfaces. The aim of the scientific case report is to show a sequential recent technique of minimally invasive procedures for esthetic resolution in such teeth. A clinical case of moderate fluorosis was treated with microabrasion and infiltration of low-viscosity resin. A commercial resin was applied to the facial surfaces on the anterior teeth in both the maxillary and mandibular arches resulting in masking of spots and re-establishing color harmony.
Reg. No. 425
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of solubility of two different root canal sealers (pre mixed bioceramic sealers and epoxy resin based root canal sealers) – An in vitro study
Piyush Raul
Y. M. T. Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Aim of the study: The aim of the study is to test the solubility of two different root canal sealers (pre-mixed bioceramic sealer and epoxy resin-based sealer). Methodology: The specimens will be prepared using ring molds with an internal diameter of 20 ± 0,1 mm and a height of 1.5 ± 0,1 mm and digitally weighted to register the mass of each specimen before and after immersion in distilled water. Solubility will be determined after 24 hours. Solubility will be determined by using sample weight loss (%) after 24 hours and after 2 months. The test will be performed according to the International Standards Organization 6876 standard and the American Dental Association specifications No. 30 and No. 57 Results: Results of the study are awaited.
Reg. No. 427
Category: Original Research
A comparative evaluation of working length with digital radiography and sixth generation apex locator (canal pro apex locator) in the presence of continuous chelation irrigation – A randomized controlled clinical trial
R. Sriram
KSR Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Thokkavadi, Tamil Nadu, India
Background: Accurate working length determination is a pre-requisite for a successful endodontic treatment. Even with improved systems of working length measurement, different readings may be recorded in different electrolytes present in the canal. The purpose of this in vivo comparative study was to determine the accuracy in measuring the working length of root canal using Direct Digital Radiographic Method (Radiovisiography or RVG) and CANAL PRO electronic apex locator in the presence of three different irrigating solutions: 3% NaOCl, HEBP, 3% NaOCl+HEBP solutions. Aim: To assess the accuracy of the canal pro apex locator in presence of continuous chelation irrigation. Materials and Methods: Thirty- single-rooted human teeth scheduled for RCT is selected for the study. Measurements is performed with the RVG AND CANAL PRO APEX LOCATOR in the presence of different irrigant solutions: 3% NaOCl, HEBP, 3% NaOCl+HEBP solutions. The data will be collected and then tabulated and subjected to statistical analysis. Results: On going (not completed).
Reg. No. 428
Category: Systematic Review
Analysing anesthetic failure and the effect of pre-anesthetic medication in symptomatic teeth – A systematic review
Sarikarani Barnwal
College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
Background: Failure of molar anesthesia is commonly encountered in inflamed pulp. Effective pain management is challenging in such situations. Several strategies have been investigated for achieving successful pulpal anesthesia during endodontic treatment of molars with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. Aim: The aim of the present systematic review is to assess the effectiveness of supplementary methods along with the conventional local anesthetic techniques in achieving profound anesthesia. Materials and Methods: A literature search on PubMed and Google scholar database from the year 1990–2021 is conducted using the keywords: “Molar anesthesia,” “Local anesthesia failure,” “Hot tooth,” “irreversible pulpitis.” The articles pertaining to the failure of anesthesia during endodontic treatment of molars and the techniques for the improved success of molar anesthesia were reviewed. The data is analyzed in terms of author, year, type of study design, study population and type of intervention, method of assessment of outcome, outcome assessed, result and clinical recommendations. Results: The articles obtained from the literature search are reviewed independently by author. Conclusion: High quality evidence demonstrated that the premedication increases the success rate of local anesthesia in patients with symptomatic teeth undergoing endodontic therapy. Preoperative medications increase the efficacy of these injections.
Reg. No. 431
Category: Original Research
Fracture resistance of post endodontic restoration using self-adhesive bioactive resin and a bulkfill composite with or without resin impregnated glass fibres: An in vitro study
Aishika Paul, Rohit Dubey
KLE V. K. Institute of Dental Sciences, Belgaum, Karnataka, India
Coronal restoration of endodontically treated teeth (ETT)with (MOD)cavities has importance in long term success.Study evaluated effect of fiber reinforcement on fracture resistance (FR) of ETT restored with bulkfill (Tetric N ceram) and hydrophilic self-adhesive bioactive resin (ActivaBioactive)with and without resin impregnated glass fibres (Interlig) incorporation. Aim: Evaluation and comparison of fracture resistance of Post endodontic restoration (PER) using Self adhesive bioactive resin and bulkfill composite with or without resin impregnated glass fibres:An invitro study. Methodology: 80 permanent maxillary premolars were used.Occlusal isthmus of MOD-cavities was 1/3 of intercuspal distance, and proximal box was 2/3 of bucco-palatal width.Gingival floor was placed 1 mm above (CEJ).After After Access cavity BMP done using protaper universal followed by obturation.Samples into 2 groups. Group1: PER using Bulkfill Composite, Group2:PER using Activa Bioactive, Subgroup1A:PER using Bulkfill without Interlig. Subgroup1B: PER using Bulkfill with Interlig. Subgroup2A: PER using Activa Bioactive without Interlig, Subgroup2B: PER using Activa Bioactive with Interlig. Fracture resistance checked using Universal Testing Machine. Results: Awaited.
Reg. No. 432
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of the fracture resistance in endodontically treated teeth obturated with two different root canal sealers (pre-mixed bioceramic sealer and epoxy resin-based sealer): An in vitro study
Simren Bhatia
YMT Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Aim of the study: Comparative evaluation of the fracture resistance in endodontically treated teeth obturated with two different root canal sealers (pre-mixed bioceramic sealer and epoxy resin-based sealer): an in vitro study. Methodology: The present in vitro study was carried out on single-rooted extracted human teeth with a single canal and complete root formation. The extracted teeth were subjected to standardized root canal instrumentation (step-back technique) and were irrigated with 3 mL of 5.25% NaOCl after each instrument. Based on the final irrigating solution used, the specimens were divided randomly into two groups: (1) 17% EDTA, (2) 0.2% Chitosan. After irrigation, the samples from each group were randomly further divided further into two groups and the two groups were obturated using premixed bioceramic sealer and epoxy-resin based sealer using cold lateral condensation technique. The roots were then mounted in acrylic molds for fracture resistance testing and subjected to compressive load at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min until fracture using Universal Testing Machine. Results: Results of the study are awaited.
Reg. No. 433
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of effect of temperature on release of free available chlorine from sodium hypochlorite to calcium hypochlorite – An in-vitro study
P. S. Pavitra
Sathyabama Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Context: Chlorine, a highly active molecule which when released, contacts with organic tissue results in inhibition of bacterial enzymes. Warming the NaOCl and Ca(OCl) 2 solutions accelerates the reaction and increases FAC, which is critical for efficacious disinfection. Aim: To comparatively evaluate the effect of temperature on release of free available chlorine from sodium hypochlorite to calcium hypochlorite. Materials and Methods: A diluted 2.5%NaOCl and 2.5% Ca(OCl)2 were prepared. Half of the solutions were warmed and maintained at 60-70oC and the other half were stored at room temperature. FAC and pH of 2.5%NaOCl and 2.5% Ca(OCl)2 at room temperature were measured and labelled as group 1 and 2 respectively. FAC and pH of 2.5%NaOCl and 2.5% Ca(OCl)2 at 60-70oC were measured and labelled as group 3 and 4 respectively. FAC was measured using iodometric titration and pH using digital pH meter. Statistical Analysis: The data was analysed using IBM SPSS version 21. Intragroup comparison was analysed using Kruskal-Wallis test and Intergroup comparison using Mann-Whitney U test. Results: Kruskal-Wallis test showed no statistical significant differences in FAC among the groups at various time intervals (p-value>0.05). Mann-Whitney U test showed no statistical significance between any of the groups at 0 hr, 30 min, 1 hr, 3 hr time intervals. Kruskal-Wallis test showed no statistical significant differences in pH of the solutions at various time intervals. Conclusion: Warming NaOCl and Ca(OCl)2 did not affect the release of FAC.
Reg. No. 435
Category: Original Research
The effect of surface treatments on the shear bond strength of composite resin and RMGIC to biodentine and its evaluation under SEM: An in vitro study
Dayana Jose, Nikitha Elizebeth Anesh
Mar Baselios Dental College, Thrikkariyoor, Kerala, India
Aim and Objectives: Study was undertaken to compare the effect of different surface treatments on the shear bond strength of composite resin and RMGIC on the Biodentine. Methods: Sixty acrylic blocks (4×2)cavities made, Biodentine was filled and divided into 3 groups (n=20) according to the surface treatments. Group 1 (biodentine etched with 37.5% phosphoric acid gel (D-tech). Group 2 (sandblasted using intra oral sandblasting device (Air prophy unit), Group 3 (treated with 9% hydrofluoric acid (CERKAMED) and stored for 72 hours at 37 °C and 100% humidity. Each group were divided into 2 subgroups according to the type of restorative material. Group IA (37.5% phosphoric acid etching -composite resin), Group IB (37.5% phosphoric acid etching - RMGIC), Group 2 A (intra oral sandblasting-composite resin), Group 2B (intra oral sandblasting RMGIC), Group 3 A (9% hydrofluoric acid etching – composite resin) and Group 3B (9% hydrofluoric acid etching – RMGIC). Bonding agent (Te – Econom Bond Ivoclar, vivadent) was applied and cured. A split teflon mould was used to build composite and RMGIC cylinders of 2 mm diameter and 5 mm depth and cured. Shear bond strength was determined using universal testing machine and fractured surfaces examined under SEM. Results: Results of the study showed that 9% hydrofluoric acid etching - Biodentine showed significantly higher shear bond strength than other groups and is the preferred choice of surface treatment on Biodentine in vital pulp therapy and composite resin showed better shear bond strength with Biodentine.
Reg. No. 436
Category: Original Research
A comparative evalutation of three different file system namely trunatomy, neo endo flex files and hyflex CM files for canal transporation and centering ability using CBCT: An in vitro study
Shreyasi Sinha
Kanti Devi Dental College and Hospital, Kota, Uttar Pradesh, India
Introduction: The ability of an endodontic instrument to remain centered in the root canal system is one of the most important characteristic influencing the clinical performance of a particular file system. Aims: The aim of the study was to compare the canal transportation and centering ability of three different file system namely TruNatomy, Neoendo Flex Files and Hyflex CM Files using CBCT. Materials and Methods: Forty five single rooted extracted premolar teeth were divided into three groups of 15 samples each. GROUP-I (n=15):for TruNatomy Files, GROUP-II (n=15):for HyflxCM Files, GROUP-III (n=15):for Neondo Flex Files. Access cavities were prepared, and each specimen was instrumented using the specific file system. Pre-and Post instrumentation CBCT was carried out. Canal transportation and centering ratio were calculated at three cross section levels that corresponded to 3 mm, 6 mm, and 9 mm distance from the apical end of the root. Statistical Analysis: The data obtained will be subjected to statistical analysis using ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc tests. Results: Is awaited.
Reg. No. 437
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of antimicrobial efficacy and depth of penetration of variouss intracanal medicaments against Enterococcus faecalis – An in vitro study
Mounika Gandla
Mallareddy Institute of Dental Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
Context: E. faecalis is one of the most commonly found species in persistent and secondary infections associated with endodontic failure. The resistance of E.faecalis to various intracanal medicaments has led to introduction of newer intracanal medicaments such as Bromelain and Nitrofurantoin. Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the antimicrobial efficacy of Calcium hydroxide (CaOH), Modified Triple Antibiotic Paste (MTAP), Bromelain and Nitrofurantoin against E.faecalis. Fifty freshly extracted single-rooted teeth are collected and 6 mm sections are prepared. The samples are inoculated with E.faecalis for 21 days and the samples are randomly divided into five groups-Negative control, CaOH, MTAP, bromelain and Nitrofurantoin following which the antibacterial efficacy of the experimental medicaments are quantitatively assessed by harvesting the dentinal debris from the block lumen. The depth of penetration of the medicaments was measured using LIVE/DEAD BacLight stain under Confocal laser scanning microscope. Statistical Analysis: Chi-Square and Kruskal Wallis ANOVA tests are used. Results: Results will be disclosed after completion of study.
Reg. No. 441
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of push out bond strength of epoxy resin based sealer and a premixed bioceramic sealer: An in vitro study
Shailee Shah
YMT Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate and compare the push out bond strength of epoxy resin based sealer and a premixed bioceramic sealer. Materials and Methods: The present in vitro study will be carried out on single-rooted extracted human teeth with a single canal and complete root formation. The extracted teeth will be prepared till size F3 standardized root canal instrumentation using ProTaper Gold Rotary files (Denstply) and will be irrigated with 5.25% NaOCl after each instrument. Based on the final irrigating solution used, samples will be divided randomly into two groups: (1) 17%EDTA, (2) 0.2%Chitosan. After irrigation, the samples from each group will be randomly further divided and each group will be obturated using premixed bioceramic sealer or epoxy-resin based sealer using cold lateral condensation technique. Two-millimetre slices will be obtained from each sample, which were subjected to push-out bond strength (PBS) under the universal testing machine. Results: Results of the study are awaited.
Reg. No. 442
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of the shade match of monoshade resin-based composite (RBC) restorative materials placed using spectrophotometer
Sheetal Patekar
YMT Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Materials and Methods: Standardized Class V cavities were made on acrylic teeth of shades A1, A2, A3. Three monoshade RBCs—Omnichroma (Tokuyama), Charisma topaz one (Kulzer), Vittra APS Unique (FGM) along with Filtek Z350 XT by 3M (multi-shade composite) were placed in class V cavity acrylic teeth of corresponding shade at depths of 1.5 mm. Groups were divided as follows: Group 1: Omnichroma; subgroups: 1A: Shade A1, subgroup 1B:Shade A2, subgroup 1C: Shade A3. Group 2: Charisma Topaz One; subgroups: 2A: Shade A1, subgroup 2B: Shade A2, subgroup 2C: Shade A3. Group 3: Vittra APS Unique, subgroups: 3A: Shade A1, subgroup 3B: Shade A2, subgroup 3C: Shade A3. 4: Filtek Z350 XT. (control). subgroups: 4A: Shade A1, subgroup 4B: Shade A2, subgroup 4C: Shade A3. The L*, a*, and b* readings will be obtained using VITA Easyshade V Spectrophotometer for the teeth and restorations. Mean ?E00 values will be calculated by comparing the readings. Results: Results are awaited.
Reg. No. 443
Category: Original Research
Efficacy and evaluation of selective caries removal from occlusal carious lesions with smartbur, cerabur and BRIX3000 with and without magnification under dental operating microscope: A Randomized controlled trial
Rajesh Davalagar
KLE V. K. Institute of Dental Sciences, Belgaum, Karnataka, India
Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of Selective caries removal with Smartbur, Cerabur and Brix3000 under dental operating microscope. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 carious mandibular molars will be selected for the study and allotted to 2 groups. In GROUP 1, Selective Caries Removal with Smartburs (n=10), Ceraburs (n=10), Brix3000 (n=10) will be performed under Dental Operating Microscope (CARL ZEISS), In GROUP 2, Selective Caries Removal with Smartburs (n=10), Ceraburs (n=10), Brix3000 (n=10) will be performed without DOM. Under aseptic conditions, selective caries removal will be performed with above mentioned techniques and according to manufacturer instructions. Later efficacy of caries removal will be evaluated by applying Caries Detector dye (KURARAY, JAPAN) for ten seconds by a blinded examiner using visual and tactile criteria under DOM. The efficacy of caries removal will be verified and graded based on the criteria proposed by Munshi AK, et al. Patients comfort will be evaluated by using the VAS. Time taken for caries removal will be recorded with the help of a stopwatch. Biodentine will be applied to the deepest areas of the cavity when necessary and will be restored with Composite resin. Results: Data will be subjected to statistical analysis and the two groups will be evaluated using Student's t-test and the intra-group comparison will be assessed using paired t-test. Conclusion and Clinical Significance: Results and inferences awaited for statistical analysis.
Reg. No. 444
Category: Original Research
Attitude and prevalence towards the usage of magnification and its's effect on musculo-skeletal discomfort and pain among dental practitioners in the state of Madhya Pradesh: A questionnaire based survey
Riddhi Pandya, Ashfaque Abdulla
Mansarovar Dental College and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
Background: Work-related musculoskeletal discomforts are the most important problems in the dental practitioners now a days. In recent times 62% of dentists reported at least one musculoskeletal complaint, 30% chronic complaints, 16% had spells of absence and, 32% sought medical care. Awkward posture is the most important factor among the risk factors not only among health of dentist but the quality of work also. By usage of magnification, implementing an interventional ergonomic program we can greatly minimize the risk of these musculoskeletal disorders. Aim: This study aims to assess the attitude & prevalence of dental practitioners towards the usage of magnification and its's effect on musculo-skeletal discomfort and pain, in india. This may guide us to make preventive strategies to prolong well-being, job satisfaction, and long career duration of the dental practioners in india. Methods: A web-based questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the awareness and prevalence of magnification towards musculo-skeletal pain among the 1000 dental practitioners in the state of madhyapradesh. Data was gathered by conducting a survey using a questionnaire that was composed of four sections: demographic, magnification devices usage, attitude toward magnification, and the Nordic questionnaire to assess musculo-skeletal discomfort & pain. Statistical analysis was done. Results: The result is awaited. Conclusion: This study will be completed before presentation.
Reg. No. 446
Category: Original Research
Effect of smear layer on fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth with different root canal sealers – An in vitro study
Chhavi Sharma
Kanti Devi Dental College and Hospital, Kota, Uttar Pradesh, India
Background: Endodontic obturating material should strengthen the tooth irrespective of the presence or absence of smear layer. Aim: Evaluate the effect of smear layer on fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth with different root canal sealers. Methodology: Fifty extracted human single rooted teeth were decoronated & root canal preparation was done using ProTaper rotary file system till size F3, the canals were irrigated with 2 ml of 1% sodium hypochlorite solution after each instrument change followed by final Irrigation with saline. Teeth were divided into five groups (n=10), group I specimen selected as control group in which obturation was not done, smear layer removal was done in group II & III and obturated with AH PLUS and MTA fillapex respectively while in group IV & V smear layer was not removed and obturated with AH PLUS and MTA fillapex respectively, all the roots were subjected to a universal testing machine. Statistical Analysis: The data obtained will be subjected to one way ANOVA and turkey HSD test. Results: Awaited. Conclusion: Awaited.
Reg. No. 448
Category: Original Research
Assessment of pain perception of patients during restorative procedures using virtual reality technique: A randomized controlled trial in a dental institute of North Gujarat, India
Kailash M. Attur
Narsinhbhai Patel Dental College and Hospital Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar, Gujarat, India
Introduction: Dental anxiety is one of the major reasons for children and adults to avoid dental treatments. Distraction techniques can be employed by dentists which can keep the patients engaged during the entire treatment procedure. This could help saving time for the dentist and also make the dental appointment a pleasant one for the patient. Methodology: A randomized, single blind, parallel study was conducted in a dental school in Visnagar among adult patients aged 20- 50 years. Patients having Class I Caries (GV Black's Classification) and willing to give informed consent were included in the study. 30 patients were randomly divided into 2 groups – Group A and Group B. Group A received the Virtual Reality Glass Gear during the treatment and Group B was the control group. After completion of the procedure, the patients were asked to rate their anxiety using the VAS scale. Results: 60% study participants belonged to the age group of 21-30 years, followed by 36.7% who belonged to the 31-40 years age group. The mean VAS score of the participants who received the intervention was 2.13 ± 0.9 and the mean VAS score was 6.53 ± 0.8. The difference between the mean VAS scores of both groups was statistically significant (P- Value = 0.05). Conclusion: Distraction techniques can therefore be used effectively during dental procedures. The results of this study provide good encouragement for Virtual Reality (VR) to be used as an effective tool for the anxious adults as well as children.
Reg. No. 449
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Guided endodontic access for the management of obliterated calcified canal in maxillary central and lateral incisor using 3D prototyping technique: A case report
Mallarapu Sathyanvesh
Panineeya Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Secunderabad, Telangana, India
Obliteration of the root canal system due to accelerated dentinogenesis and dystrophic calcification can challenge the achievement of root canal treatment goals. This paper describes the, application of 3D guided technology for predictable navigation of obliterated canal systems during root canal treatment to avoid iatrogenic damage of the root. Teeth with calcific metamorphosis pose a challenge to the endodontist in achieving proper access, identification, and debridement of the root canal. With the conventional technique, radiographs and bur orientation have dictated the access cavity preparation, which leads to the removal of more sound tooth structure and iatrogenic errors. To overcome these issues, the recent diagnostic imaging techniques such as cone beam computed tomography followed by three-dimensional fabrication of template have been proposed, which aid the clinician to accurately locate and negotiate the obliterated canal. The present case report describes the importance of conservative access cavity preparation with the use of the guided endodontic technique for the treatment of calcified canals in the upper left incisors. A male patient reported to the department of conservative dentistry and endodontics at panineeya institute of dental sciences with chief complain of pain and swelling in upper front region of jaw. On radiographic examination calcified root canal was associated with upper anterior teeth along with peri apical cyst. Root canal treatment was planned for calcified tooth using 3-D guided template.
Reg. No. 450
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Autotransplantation of the third molar: A therapeutic alternative to the replacement of a grossly decayed tooth: A case series
T. Pallavi
Panineeya Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Secunderabad, Telangana, India
Tooth auto transplantation is the repositioning of an erupted, partially erupted, or non-erupted autologous tooth from one site to another within the same individual. Several factors influence the success rate of the auto transplant, such as the stage of root development, morphology of the tooth, the surgical procedure selected, the extraoral time, the shape of the recipient socket, the vascularity of the recipient bed, and the vitality of the cells of the periodontal ligament. This case series aims to present a successfully treated cases of auto transplantation of a mandibular third molar for replacement of grossly decayed first molars. In all the cases consent form, blood profile, preoperative radiographs of the patients were taken. Extraction of the grossly decayed 1st molars were done, followed by atraumatic extraction of 3rd molars, storage of 3rd molars in saline, next evaluation of sockets by radiographs were done. Followed by socket preparation of donor site to receive transplanted teeth, suturing of the surgical sites and splinting were done. After stabilisation of the transplanted teeth endodontic therapy was performed and prosthesis was given and patient is reviewed regularly.
Clinical relevance: Autogenous transplantation is a fast and economical option when a suitable donor tooth is available for the replacement of non-salvageable teeth. The preservation of the periodontal ligament cells is considered to be critical for the success of a transplanted tooth.
Reg. No. 454
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Surgical management of periapical cysts: Case series
Thalamanchi Vaishnavi
Panineeya Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Secunderabad, Telangana, India
Periapical surgery is required when periradicular pathosis associated with endodontically treated teeth which cannot be resolved by nonsurgical root canal therapy (retreatment), or when retreatment has been unsuccessful, not feasible or contraindicated. PRF has many advantages over platelet-rich plasma as it provides a physiologic architecture that is very favourable to the healing process, which is obtained due to the slow polymerization process. Being a rich source of growth factors, platelet rich fibrin (PRF) possess many advantages in bone regeneration. This paper discusses the clinical report of 2 periapical endodontic surgeries which were performed on patients with a large periapical cyst. The surgical defect is filled with a combination of PRF in one case and bone graft crystals in another case and sutured. Clinical examination revealed uneventful wound healing. The purpose of this case report is to present an attempt to evaluate the healing potential of the combination of PRF and bone graft.
Reg. No. 455
Category: Original Research
Evaluation and comparison of smear layer removal potency of two different irrigation regimens in apical thirds of permanent mandibular first molar using stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscope: An in vitro study
R. Ragavi
Vivekanandha Dental College for Women, Elaiyampalayam, Tamil Nadu, India
Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate and compare the smear layer removal potency of two different irrigating techniques in apical thirds of root canals of perman0ent mandibular first molar. Materials and Methods: Thirty mandibular first molar teeth with extracted for periodontal concerns were collected. Followed by the preparation of the canal, the teeth have been irrigated with assigned irrigation solution and devices. Teeth were randomly divided into three groups based on the different endodontic irrigants employed namely Group 1:5.25% sodium hypochlorite,17% EDTA and Saline, Group 2: Side vented polypropylene irrigation tip group with 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-bisphosphonate [HEBP] and 5% sodium hypochlorite and Group 3: Apical negative pressure group with 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-bisphosphonate [HEBP], side vented polypropylene irrigation tip and 5% sodium hypochlorite. Staining was done with 1% methylene blue dye by immersing the teeth in the solution for 24 h to detect the amount of dye penetration caused by the removal of the smear layer. The teeth were then split longitudinally into two halves to be viewed under stereomicroscope and SEM. Results: Group 3 and 2 had better removal of smear layer than Group 1 with statistically significant difference was present. Conclusion: Apical negative pressure technique and Side vented needle irrigation technique with continuous chelating agent resulted in the better removal of the smear layer than with Conventional Irrigation technique.
Reg. No. 457
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
A conservative management of periodontally involved mandibular 1st molars-original case series
Sumaiya Waheed
Panineeya Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Secunderabad, Telangana, India
Endo-Perio lesion is a condition characterized by the association of periodontal and pulpal disease in the same dental element. The Endo-Perio lesions confront the clinician as far as diagnosis and prognosis of the affected teeth is concerned. There are various treatment options for the treatment of Endo-Perio lesion, Hemisection is the treatment choice for Endo-Perio lesions to preserve the remaining part of the molar having sound periodontium. It is a resection of periodontally involved root along with the associated crown portion. The main advantage of such treatment is that the conversion of furcation involved multirooted tooth into non-furcated single-root tooth, which provides favorable environment for oral hygiene maintenance. Prognosis and treatment of Endo-Perio lesions depend on the severity of bone loss, root trunk length, degree of root separation, curvature of root, ability to eradicate the osseous defect, and restorative and oral hygiene procedures.This case reports describes the management of teeth with grossly decayed mesial root. Decision was made to save the tooth rather than to extract it by following interdisciplinary treatment approach. Endodontic treatment followed by hemisection of mesial root were successfully performed to treat advanced perio-endo lesions. By this way, natural tooth and surrounding structures were preserved and thereby cost was lesser than the other treatment alternatives. In this paper I will be discussing series of cases highlighting the importance of multidisciplinary approach for rehabilitation of badly decayed mesial half of the tooth structure.
Reg. No. 458
Category: Original Research
Effects of different dentin conditioning agents on blood clot in regenerative endodontic procedures
S. Sree Varshini, R. Sastigayatri
KSR Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Thokkavadi, Tamil Nadu, India
Aim: To investigate the effects of 17% EDTA, 10% CITRIC ACID and 37% phosphoric acid on the characteristics and fibrin density of blood clot using in vitro dentin blocks. Methodology: Forty single rooted human mandibular premolars of standardized length were prepared to simulate open apices and irrigated with the following protocols: Group 1: 20 ml Normal saline, Group 2: 20 ml of 17% EDTA for 5 min, Group 3: 20 ml of citric acid for 5 min Group 4: 20 ml of 37% phosphoric acid for 30 sec. The roots were split, and human blood was placed. The characteristics and fibrin density of clots were observed using a scanning electron microscope. Fibrin densities in all irrigation groups were evaluated using ImageJ software (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD) and statistical analysis to be performed. Results: Study in progress.
Reg. No. 459
Category: Original Research
To evaluate the micro shear bond strength of glass ionomer cement when used with different dentin surface treatments
Shruti Bhattad
HSRSM Dental College, Hingoli, Maharashtra, India
Materials and Methods: Teeth extracted for orthodontic purpose which are not carious, endodontically treated, fractured, were selected for the study. cylindrical specimens of a GIC (Shofu fx ultra) will be attached to the dentin. The teeth are then randomly assigned to 4 groups of equal size (n=10), corresponding to type of dentin surface treatments. Group 1:Maleic acid; Group 2: phosphoric acid gel; Group 3: EDTA; Group 4: no dentin conditioning (control). The specimens were placed in a universal testing machine (Model 3343, Instron Corp., Canton, Mass., USA) and subsequently tested for shear bond strength (MPa). Statistical Analysis: Yet to be done. Results: Pending. Conclusion: Pending.
Reg. No. 460
Category: Original Research
Colour stability and staining susceptibility of nanohybrid composite after treatment with two different bleaching agents
Kavya Belaram
KMCT Dental College, Kozhikode, Kerala, India
Introduction: Nano-hybrid resin-based composites (RBC) have been introduced for direct restorations and tooth-coloured filling. The use of bleaching agents for whitening the stained restorative materials may result in alterations in microhardness and roughness and leads to biofilm formation and extrinsic staining. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the colour stability and staining susceptibility of nanohybrid composites after treatment with 30% hydrogen peroxide and 20% carbamide peroxide. Aim: To evaluate the colour stability and staining susceptibility of nanohybrid composite after treatment with two different bleaching agents. Methodology: Nano hybrid composite, one staining solution, and two bleaching agents are evaluated in the present study. 36 disc-shaped specimens of each RBC were fabricated and divided into 3 groups of 12 samples each. The three groups include, 1. Control group (C), 2. Samples treated with Ultradent opalescence PF 20% group (A), 3. Samples treated with Florence in office whitening system group (B). Group A and B will be subjected to bleaching agents. Three bleaching sessions will be performed with a 1-h break. After each bleaching session, specimens will be cleaned with distilled water for 30 s and stored in distilled water until the next bleaching session. Samples in the group A, B, C will be placed in a container with 10 mL of tea solution at room temperature for 3 h. The color of each specimen will be measured and expressed by CIELAB system using a Spectrophotometer and the surface roughness will be measured using Profilometer. The color stability and surface roughness of group A and B will be compared with group C. Statistical Analysis: All statistical procedures will be performed using SPSS 20.0 and one-way ANOVA test will be used for association between variables. Results: Study is ongoing. Conclusion: Study is ongoing.
Reg. No. 462
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Comprehensive and divergent restorative treatment procedure for patient with Sjogren's syndrome
B. M. Annapoorna
Bapuji Dental College, Davangere, Karnataka, India
Saliva has primary role in maintaining the general and oral health, salivary gland dysfunction is due to pathological conditions, systemic illness, and various medications. Lack of salivary secretion results many medical health issues along with hampered oral health. Sjogren's syndrome is an autoimmune disease that attack healthy white blood cells and secretory glands resulting in dryness in mouth and eyes. General Specific Oral manifestations in such patients includes, increased risk for dental caries, gingivitis, mouth sores, difficulty in deglutition and digestion. This abstract is on the case report of the patient diagnosed with primary Sjogren's syndrome having multiple extensive caries lesions. A 55 years male patient visited the institution for dry mouth problem since two years. Demineralization of cuspal area of posterior and incisal aspects of anterior teeth, along with pitting lesion, addition to this deep circumferential root caries in all teeth were noted. Patient got extracted mandibular central incisors few months back due to unbearable pain. A Comprehensive and Divergent restorative treatment plan was carried out meticulously after thorough clinical and radiographical evaluation.
Reg. No. 463
Category: Original Research
The effect of bioceramic sealer and calcium hydroxide based sealer on postoperative pain in mandibular molars after endodontic treatment: A randomized controlled trial
Debasmita Ghosh, Pragati Barukial
Rama Dental College, Hospital and Research Centre, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
Aim: To compare the effect of bioceramic based sealer (EndoSequence BC Sealer) and calcium hydroxide based sealer (Apexit plus) on postoperative pain following root canal treatment. Methodology: Patients (n=60) having first or second molar tooth diagnosed with asymptomatic irreversible pulpitis are randomly divided into two groups according to the sealer used (n=30) and were treated by two Endodontists having at least ten years of experience. All patients received a single-visit root canal treatment. After the treatments, postoperative pain scores and analgesic intake were recorded at 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours, and 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 days. The data were statistically analysed with nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis tests (for the comparisons of the age and VAS scores), Friedman tests (for the assessments of the changes in pain scores over time), chi-squared tests (for the comparisons of categorical variables), and Spearman's correlation test (for the correlation assessments of the age and gender factors with postoperative pain) (a=0.05). Results: There were no significant differences among the groups in terms of postoperative pain at any time points assessed (P>0.05) nor for analgesic intake of patients among the groups (P>0.05). Analgesic intake decreased significantly after 12 hours in all groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: The sealers tested in this study had similar levels of postoperative pain and were associated with similar intake of analgesics.
Reg. No. 464
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Digital glyde path: Application of guided endodontics for fibre post removal during nonsurgical retreatment
Sachin Gupta
Subharati Dental College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
Context: Retreatment procedures in endodontics often involves removal of fibre posts which becomes challenging and poses several risks like undue loss of tooth structure and root perforation. Recently, Guided Endodontic approach has been proposed to predictably treat such cases. The basic concept of this technique is identical to the procedure that uses a computer-aided design (CAD)/computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) template for guiding the position and direction of the dental implant. Case Description: A 35 years old patient reported with the chief complaint of pain in 12. Clinical examination showed composite restoration in 12 which was tender on percussion. Radiographic image revealed periapical pathosis in 12 which was poorly obturated and restored with a fibre post and core. With patient's consent, retreatment of 12 with removal of fibre post using guided endodontic technique was planned. Planning of virtual drill path on CBCT was done using SICATEndo software. The extraoral scanning was used to generate STL file. DICOM and STL files were then merged to generate a Digital Glide path©. The 3D printing of sleeved template was done which was then used in the patient for guiding incremental removal of fibre post. Finally, patency was achieved and MTA was used to seal the apical third followed by placement of post and core assembly. Conclusion: Guided endodontics serves as a predictable treatment modality for safe and quick removal of FRC post with minimal loss of tooth structure. Thus, exponentially increasing the success rate in retreatment cases.
Reg. No. 465
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Predictable endodontic management of severe canal curvatures – A case series
Shikha Jaiswal, Sachin Gupta
Subharati Dental College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
Context: There are numerous anatomical hazards which may inhibit effective completion of endodontic treatment; one of them being dilacerated root canals which often cause an exponential rise in the difficulty level of root canal treatment thus making canal negotiation, cleaning and preparation challenging. The inability to effectively explore curved canals and use of inappropriate or conventional instruments and techniques may lead to endodontic mishaps like blocking of the canal, ledging, apical transportation, perforation, instrument separation, etc. Managing curvatures becomes all the more difficult when encountered in the posterior region of the oral cavity. Case Description: This paper would be a presentation of case series of management of severely curved canals in posterior teeth with the use of specialized instrumentation techniques like tactile controlled activation and a summary of clinical tips to predictably manage such cases. Conclusion: Successful management of severely curved canals would involve diagnosis in terms of proper assessment, location, angle, and radius of the curvature to assign a specific level of potential difficulty followed by a selection of appropriate instruments and customized shaping technique.
Reg. No. 466
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Combined regenerative endodontic procedure and vital pulp therapy in mandibular molar: A case series
R. Anusree
Dr. R. Ahmed Dental College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Aim: To evaluate the treatment outcome of combined VPT and REP in mandibular molar teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. Materials and Methods: 5 Patients with deep caries, who complained of pain and diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis and apical periodontitis were selected from the OPD. Under anesthesia and rubber dam isolation, access cavity was prepared. After pulpotomy, based on insitu clinical assessment, VPT was done in the root with intact vital pulp and REP in the root where bacterial invasion has proceeded deeper. After irrigation with 3% NaOCI, 3 mm MTA plug followed by RMGIC restoration was placed over the vital pulp. After working length estimation and minimal filing, canals were Irrigated with 20 ml 1.5% NaOCl. Calcium hydroxide was placed, followed by restoration with GIC. Second visit was done after 3 weeks; canals were rinsed with 20 ml 17% EDTA and saline. Bleeding was induced with K file. Over the blood clot, Collagen plug followed by 3 mm of MTA was placed. And the tooth was restored with Composite. Followup was done at 3,6,12 and 18 months. Conclusion: Combination therapy involving VPT and REP is a minimally invasive treatment option for both preservation of vital pulp tissue and regeneration of new vital tissues.
Reg. No. 469
Category: Original Research
To evaluate the effects of the rotary file systems Protaper Gold and Hyflex EDM on the apical foramen of mandibular molars
Priyansh Saxena
Rishiraj College of Dental Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
Aim: To evaluate the effects of the rotary file systems Protaper Gold and Hyflex EDM on the apical foramen of mandibular molars. Materials and Methods: The study included 10 removed mandibular molars with a total of twenty mesial root canals. Access cavities were set up, and the working length at the apical foramen was determined. Protaper Gold (PTG) and Hyflex EDM were used in Group 1 and Group 2, respectively, to separate the canals (n=10). It was instrumented up to file size #25/0.06. AF areas (A0, A1) were evaluated using a stereomicroscope at a 100X magnification both before and after instrumentation. Each canal's foraminal distortion was computed by deducting A1 from A0. Utilizing ANOVA and posthoc Tukey tests, statistical analysis was carried out. Results: In all instances, apical foraminal distortion was visible. Compared to Protaper Gold, Hyflex EDM system displayed the least amount of AF deformation. The amount of deformation that is produced may be significantly influenced by the alloy, taper, and cross-section of the file.
Reg. No. 470
Category: Original Research
Evaluation of dissolving efficiency of Xylene, 5% Acetic Acid, 37% phosphoric acid on two different bioceramic sealers over two different temperature and time frames – An in vitro study
Shrutika Jadhav
HSRSM Dental College, Hingoli, Maharashtra, India
Context: If Endodontic retreatment is needed in teeth obturated with bioceramic sealer. Aim: The study will be evaluating ability of three different solvent to dissolve two different bioceramic sealer over two different temperature and time frames. Methodology: 120 Teflon molds of outer diameter 10×2 mm (diameter ×depth) and inner diameter 5 ×1.5 mm (diameter ×depth)will be equally divided into Group I:Angelus MTA fillapex Bioceramic sealer (n=60)and Group II = Meta ceraseal Bioceramic sealer (n=60).Sealer will be manipulated according to manufactures instructions and placed in molds allotted to each group .It will be allowed to set at 37°C in 100% humidty for two weeks .Prepared samples in each group will be further divided into 3 subgroups based on solvents i.e Xylene (n=20),5% Acetic acid (n=20) ,37% Phosphoric acid (n=20).Pre-weighing of the samples in each subgroups will be calculated .Samples will be dipped in respective solvents at two different temperature i.e 37°C and 42°C for 1 minute and 2 minute and corresponding weight will be measured .Difference in the weight will be calculated. Appropriate statistical analysis test will be used. Results: Awaited. Conclusion: Awaited.
Reg. No. 472
Category: Original Research
To assess the effectiveness of premedication using piroxicam along with anesthetic efficacy of bupivacaine in patients with irreversible pulpitis
L. Madhankumar
Adhiparashakthi Dental College and Hospital, Melmaruvathur, Tamil Nadu, India
Aim: To assess the effectiveness of premedication using piroxicam along with anesthetic efficacy of bupivacaine in patients with irreversible pulpitis. Materials and Methods: ? Group 1-No premedication + IANB with bupivacaine.? Group 2-premedication using placebo + IANB with bupivacaine.? Group 3-premedication using piroxicam + IANB with bupivacaine.? This study includes healthy patients having a first or second mandibular molar tooth acute irreversible pulpitis and normal periapical radiographic appearance without sensitivity to percussion. ? Informed consent of all subjects or their parents (for patients younger than 18 years old) was obtained. ? Before administering anesthesia, a visual analogue pain scale (VAS) was given to each patient to rate their pain level. ? One hour after oral administration of the premedication, patient was anesthetized with Bupivacaine 0.5% followed by rubber dam isolation. ? Access cavity preparations were done following Working length of each canal was determined by using apex locator and was confirmed by taking radiographs.Cleaning and shaping of the root canals completed in crown-down manner with Neoendo files with 2 ml of 3% sodium hypochlorite irrigation solution. ? Following cleaning and shaping, dry cotton pellet without any medicament was placed in the pulp chamber, and the access cavity restored with intermediate restorative material. ? Patients were recalled for obturation, 72 h after instrumentation of the root canals, they were instructed to complete a pain diary on VAS at 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 72-h,1 week after intervals after root canal instrumentation. Statistical Analysis: Study in progress. Results: Study in progress. Conclusion: Study in progress.
Reg. No. 473
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of dentin bridge formation by alendronate and biodentine in human tooth culture model – An in vitro study
Kerena Joseline Charles
KSR Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Thokkavadi, Tamil Nadu, India
30 human maxillary and mandibular teeth are included in the study. The specimens are randomly allocated to two groups based on the pulp capping material used. In a tooth culture model set up, pulp is intentionally exposed and capped respectively with Biodentine (Group I) or Alendronate (Group II). The capping material is overlaid with resin composite restoration. The samples are to be cultured in a 5% CO2 incubator at 37°C for 45 days, with the culture media being replenished every day. At the end of the incubation period, the samples from both the groups are removed from the model and taken up for histological analysis.
Reg. No. 476
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Magnification and illumination – A restoratively derive path to clinical excellence
Mithra Nidarsh Hegde
A. B. Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
Advances in science and research has led to lot of changes in clinical techniques of restorative dentistry. The approach to diagnose, treat and prevent is precise and perfect with the use of Magnification and Illumination in clinical practices. This presentation gives the clinical tips and techniques to success in Restorative Dentistry.
Reg. No. 483
Category: Original Research
Application of artificial intelligence to diagnose the complex splitting canals in endodontics
Aarti Ashok Bohora
SMBT Dental College, Sangamner, Maharashtra, India
Introduction: Endodontic management of a tooth is an interesting and challenging procedure that is partly unsighted, and its success depends on individual clinical acumen and skill, as well as the procedural techniques applied. The root canal systems are intricate. But one type of morphology that brings a unique difficulty is the “splitting canal system” or “bifurcation of root canal” or “trifurcation of root canal”. Identifying the variation pre-operatively is the 1st step to manage these complexities successfully. The role of artificial intelligence (AI) is currently increasing for diagnosing cases and treatment planning in endodontics. Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of artificial intelligence (AI) system for detecting splitting canals (Vertucci's type V) pre-operatively. Methodology: In this study, we propose to develop a Machine/Deep Learning based model for the detection of splitting canal system in molars and Premolars on RVG/ IOPA radiograph images. Following steps will be performed. Pre-processing of Images: Initially we will remove undesirable information from the images. Images will be enhanced for better resolution using one of the Histogram Equalization, CLAHE, FCIE, Adaptive Gamma Correction method. Furthermore, normalisation would be performed Segmentation: For segmenting Region of interest in images, machine learning based methods can be employed such as unsupervised techniques (kmeans, dbscan etc). Under deep learning approach, custom CNN model can be developed and thereafter, using explainable AI techniques such as GRADCAM, Saliency Maps can be used to get ROI. By performing such steps, we can detect splitting canal system pre-operatively. Results and Conclusion: Results awaited.
Reg. No. 484
Category: Original Research
To assess the effect of MMP inhibitors on shear bond strength of etch and rinse and self etch adhesive system
Monisha P. Khatri
Maratha Mandal's Nathajirao G. Halgekar Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Belgaum, Karnataka, India
Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare the shear bond strength (SBS) of an etch and rinse (E&R) and self-etch adhesive (SA) by using various Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitors. Methodology: A total of 140 extracted permanent premolars were collected. The samples were divided into two groups, Group I treated with etch and rinse adhesive system and Group II treated with self-etch adhesive system. The samples were further divided into subgroup A treated with 2% CHX and subgroup B where they were treated with a herbal ingredient. 2 mm composite buildup was done to measure the SBS. The samples were then stored in artificial saliva for 6 months and subjected to universal testing machine. Data analysis was done by ANOVA and Post hoc Tukeys test. Results: CHX showed increased bond strength in E&R system. No significant difference was seen in the SBS of CHX and the herbal ingredient in E&R as well as the SA system. Conclusion: SBS was increased when CHX was used in E&R adhesive system alone.
Reg. No. 485
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Periapical lesion management – The conundrum of endodontics
H. Srujana
SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Large periapical lesions have always been a concern for Endodontists. Treatment options to manage such lesions range from non-surgical endodontic therapies with or without endodontic surgery to extraction of the involved teeth. Endodontic therapy ensures a thorough debridement of the root canal space. Following canal debridement, providing a tight hermetic 3D seal to prevent re-infection of the canal space and to entomb any leftover microorganisms is essential. This have been proven efficient in resolving periapical pathosis effectively. The current case series deals with 2 cases wherein, the first case was managed non-surgically following the Lesion Sterilization Tissue Repair concept while surgical management was chosen as the treatment modality for the second case. Though, surgical management may not be the first choice in the line of treatment for managing large periapical lesions, numerous diagnostic and prognostic factors can guide clinicians to select a suitable protocol for managing large periapical lesions. This case series aims to discuss these criteria so that large periapical lesion management has a predictable outcome that is measurable and repeatable.
Reg. No. 487
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Surgical and endodontic management of mishap – A case report
K. Janani
SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Introduction: The success of dental treatment depends on appropriate diagnosis followed by management of the clinical condition. This present report discusses a case wherein the patient presented with a separated instrument beyond the apex along with perforation. Using bioactive material, the perforation site was sealed and the separated instrument was retrieved by surgical approach. The clinical and radiographic examination after two years revealed complete periapical healing. Instrument separation during endodontic treatment tends to happen in routine clinical practice, but most often caused due to operators' negligence who failed to assess the anatomy of the root canal system. Discussing perforation, it is necessary to seal the perforation site as soon as possible for a better prognosis. As a clinician, every effort should be made to minimize the mishap that occurs during endodontic treatment.
Reg. No. 490
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Endodontic perforation an unforced error: A case series
Neeraj Kumar
Army Hospital (Research and Referral) Delhi Cantt, Delhi, India
Endodontic perforations represent pathologic or iatrogenic communications between the root canal space and the attachment apparatus. Iatrogenic root perforations, which may have serious implications, occur in approximately 2-12% of endodontically treated teeth. This case series presents the successful management of an iatrogenic perforations which could have been altogether avoided by initially taking undistorted diagnostic radiograph to adhering to the protocols for making access cavity by carefully understanding the crown adnexa to internal anatomy of the pulp chamber and crown and tooth angulation as well as preventing excess removal of radicular dentin during debridement while cleaning and preparing the root canals by hand/ rotary instruments. Successful management of root perforations is dependent on early diagnosis of the defect, location of the perforation, choice of treatment, materials used, host response, and the clinical acumen/ expertise/ experience of the practitioner. Therefore, to avoid unforced errors during endodontic treatment, there is requirement to re-assess clinical procedures, to address shortcomings of clinical practices if there are any, and to get motivated again to continue with the desire to deal with any endodontic challenge to achieve successful outcome of endodontic therapy.
Reg. No. 492
Category: Original Research
Optical properties of one shade Composite restoration influenced by dissimilar dentin replacement materials
Saliha Anjum
Best Dental Science College, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the optical properties of One shade Composite restoration with two different Dentin replacement materials. Materials and Methods: Dentin specimens (2 mm thick, N=16/group) were prepared using Biodentine (Septodont), TheraCal LC (Bisco) and Omnichroma (Tokuyama). Enamel layers were prepared using One shade Composite in varying thickness. Optical properties were determined using a spectrophotometer. Results: Study under progress.
Reg. No. 496
Category: Original Research
The comparative study of push-out bond strength of two different root canal sealers with cold lateral condensation obturation technique – In vitro study
Neha Dubey
Bhabha College Of Dental Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
Aim: The study was to compare the pushout bond strength of BioCeramic sealer and Resin sealer using Gutta percha with cold lateral compaction technique. Materials and Methods: Forty five human extracted single rooted teeth Mandibular 1st premolar teeth with completely formed apices were selected, instrumentation were done by using Protaper Next rotary system using X1, X2 and X3. The teeth were divided into three groups based upon the sealer used Group 1: Bioceramic sealer (CeraFill RCSTM), Group 2: Epoxy resin based sealer (AH Plus sealer), and Group 3: Obturated using Gutta percha only using cold lateral compaction technique and stored for 4 week. After obturation, each tooth was prepared for push-out bond strength test with root slices of 2 mm thickness using universal testing machine. Results: The highest bond strength was found in Group1 Bioceramic sealer (CeraFill RCSTM) (P < 0.05) compare to other groups. Statistical analysis is done by ANOVA, Student't' test. Conclusion: The push-out bond strength of Bioceramic sealer was higher when compared to AH Plus sealer.
Reg. No. 497
Category: Original Research
A comparative evaluation of remaining dentin thickness following biomechanical preparation of teeth using different rotary file systems: An in vitro study
S. R. Indhra
Best Dental Science College, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
Aim: The aim of the study is to compare and evaluate the remaining dentin thickness following biomechanical preparation of teeth using different rotary file systems. Materials and Methods: Seventy five noncarious mandibular premolar teeth were collected and decoronated at the level of cementoenamel junction with a diamond disc. All specimens were randomly divided into 4 experimental groups – TruNatomy (Dentsply sirona, Mallifer), Mtwo (VDW, Antaeus, Munich, Germany), RaCe (FKG, La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland), GEN ENDO (Coltene -Whaledent, Allstetten, Switzerland) and 1 control group of 15 teeth each. After mounting the samples in a u-shaped wax sheet, preoperative cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were taken. Biomechanical preparation of canals was done following the assigned protocol of manufacturers. Postoperative CBCT scans were taken and comparison was carried out with preoperative scans. Results: Study in progress.
Reg. No. 499
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Healing of periradicular lesions with unintentional calcium hydroxide over extensions – A case series
Jagriti Sahota
Himachal Dental College, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India
Calcium hydroxide is a widely used material in endodontic treatment, as it is an effective intracanal antibacterial dressing, mainly because of its biocompatibility and alkaline pH. The aim of the present evaluation was to evaluate the effect of accidental extrusion of (Metapex- calcium hydroxide paste containing iodoform and barium sulphate) into periapical lesions and tissues on the prognosis of periapical healing. It was seen that calcium hydroxide extrusion did not disfavor healing, radiographic examinations gave evidence of healing of periradicular lesions.
Reg. No. 500
Category: Original Research
Stress' analysis of horizontal mid-root fracture in a central incisor managed with different treatment protocols: A finite element study
Saumya Johri
Faculty of dental sciences KGMU, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Introduction: 3D-finite element analysis (3D-FEA) is a mathematical tool that enables virtual simulation of complex mechanical stresses on tooth models and analyses the stress distribution pattern. There is limited literature on the analytical stress distribution patterns in a tooth with horizontal mid-root fracture and different treatment protocols used to manage them. Aims: To calculate the average von misses' stresses in a maxillary central incisor with mid-root fracture using 3D finite element analysis after various management protocols. Materials and Methods: Three models were constructed using 3D software (Solid works 20.1): Model 1: Normal tooth, Model 2-tooth with horizontal mid root fracture, no displacement, and 0.3 mm diastasis, Model 3: Same as model no 2 with intra-radicular splinting (Protaper F3 file), Model 4: Same as model no 2, gutta-percha at the bottom 4 mm of the canal and intraradicular splinting (Glass fiber post size 2). Properties (Young's modulus, poisson's ratio and density) were assigned to models. Each were subjected to standard loading conditions (horizontal, vertical and oblique) and the resultant maximum von-Mises stresses (VMS) that represents a combination of tensile, compressive and shear stresses was calculated. Statistical Analysis: Average von-Mises stress along the length of the root will be analysed and compared. Results: Maximum stress was distributed at the palatal end of the coronal radicular fragment. Stress was more concentrated at the junction of around the splint in model no 3. Conclusions: 3D-FEA can be a promising tool to predict the best treatment modality for mid-root fracture cases. (Model 4 is currently under FEA analysis, will be completed in a few days).
Reg. No. 501
Category: Original Research
A comparative evaluation of push out and compressive strength of biodentine combined with triple antibiotic paste and 0.2% chitosan nanoparticles as root end filling material – An in-vitro study
S. Firdoush Reshma
Al-Badar Rural Dental College and Hospital, Gulbarga, Karnataka, India
Aim: To evaluate the push out and compressive strength of Biodentine combined with triple antibiotic paste (TAP) and 0.2% chitosan nanoparticles (CN) as root end filling material. Materials and Methods: The study was done in two stages compressive and push out tests. For compressive strength, 45 cylindrical discs of dimensions 6 mm diameter x 4 mm length of experimental materials were prepared as divided into 3 groups (n=15), Group 1: Biodentine, Group 2: Biodentine + TAP (1:1) and Group 3: Biodentine + 0.2% (CN). To evaluate push out bond strength, 45 human extracted single root premolars were decoronated to a length of 13 mm, followed by root canal treatment, the root is resected at 3 mm from the apex, and root end was prepared and retro filled as mentioned in the above groups. For both the parameters, samples were subjected to Instron universal testing machine. The sample size estimation was estimated with effect size of 0.48, power 80% at 0.05 level of significance, and the data were statistically analysed using One-way ANOVA test. Results and Conclusion: Yet to be evaluated. Clinical Significance: Combination of triple antibiotic paste and 0.2% chitosan nanoparticles increases the antimicrobial activity of Biodentine as root end filing material.
Reg. No. 502
Category: Original Research
Comparing microleakage in composite restoration using a novel semi split filling technique with bulk filling technique – An in-vitro study
Dritali Patel
Karnavati School of Dentistry, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
Objectives: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate microleakage using semi split bulk filling technique and bulk filling technique for composite restorations. Methods: Forty extracted human molars were used for the study and rectangular shaped class I cavity was prepared on the occlusal surface of all the teeth. Teeth were randomly divided into two groups and restored using two different techniques. Group I: Bulk Filling Technique Group II: Semi Split Bulk Filling Technique. Samples were thermocycled and immersed in 0.2 % methylene blue dye for 24 hrs. The teeth were sectioned mesiodistally and were evaluated under a stereomicroscope for microleakage. The microleakage score (0 to 4) was obtained and analysis was done using Wilcoxon rank sum test. Results: The mean value of the scores for the bulk filling technique was 23.75 and the mean value of scores for semi split bulk finning technique was 17.25. However, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, the new semi split filling technique did not significantly decrease the overall microleakage but it showed less microleakage at the pulpal floor.
Reg. No. 503
Category: Original Research
Dentinal tubule penetration depth by using three different sealers – An in vitro study
Ayushi Khandelwal
Divya Jyoti College of Dental Sciences, Niwari Dehat, Uttar Pradesh, India
Objectives: The aim of this in vitro study was to assess the dentinal tubule penetration of three different sealers, Apexit plus, MTA fillapex smartmix and a biofill sealer. Materials and Methods: 45 human single rooted premolars teeth were divided into three experimental groups and were filled with gutta-percha using a single-cone technique in conjunction with one of the three sealers Apexit plus, MTA fillapex smartmix and a biofill sealer. The roots in each group were cross-sectioned at 1 and 5 mm from the root apex, and the surfaces were examined under SEM. Results: Samples has been sent to lab. Results awaited.
Reg. No. 504
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Clearing the hinderance – A case report on guided endodontic access in calcified maxillary anterior teeth
Sincy Kurian
Mansarovar Dental College and Hospital, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
Introduction: According to classification of the AAE on level of difficulty, treatment of calcified root canals is highly difficult. Guided endodontics has been previously reported and considered safe and predictable option for such cases. Case Report: A 22-year-old male patient reported with the chief complaint of discoloured tooth in his upper right front tooth. The patient gave a history of traumatic injury about a decade back. Intraoral examination revealed discoloured tooth w.r.t. 11. Palpation and percussion tests revealed no tenderness. Pulp sensibility tests gave negative response. Radiographic evaluation revealed root canal obliteration till the middle third level and a faint pulp space further. Periodontal space widening and discontinuity in lamina dura was evident. Based on clinical tests and radiographic findings a final diagnosis of pulp necrosis with asymptomatic apical periodontitis was made and root canal treatment followed by non-vital tooth bleaching was decided. Informed consent was obtained from the patient. The use of guided endodontics was planned for this case. CBCT and intraoral scanning was done. Scans were superimposed and STL file was made. After planning, a 3D printed guide was fabricated. Followed by this endodontic access was done and root canal treatment was completed. Discussion: Combination of endodontic guides and ultrasonic tips are very safe and reliable technique for management of calcified root canals. Guided endodontics pave newer paths for predictable yet accurate technique for management of calcified canals.
Reg. No. 505
Category: Original Research
Efficacy of finisher gentlefile brush, XP-endo finisher and passive ultrasonic irrigation on the removal of an oil-based calcium hydroxide paste from the root canals: An in vitro study
Ojaswini Prabhakar Pawar
Mansarovar Dental College and Hospital, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
Context: Disinfection of root canals is of prime importance in endodontic treatment. Out of the many methods used, placement of calcium hydroxide in various forms is preferred and is of necessity in many cases. Its complete removal is also necessary to achieve fluid tight seal following obturation. Various systems have been advocated previously for this. Gentlefile system which contains the Gentlefile brush has been used for irrigation purposes but not for removal of intracanal medicament till date. Aim: To compare the efficacy of Finisher Gentlefile Brush, XP-Endo Finisher and Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation on the removal of an oil-based calcium hydroxide paste from root canals. Materials and Methods: 60 extracted mandibular premolars were prepared using ProTaper Universal system till F5 followed by placement of Metapex. Samples were divided into 3 groups according to the method of removal which included Passive ultrasonic irrigation, XP-Endofinisher and Gentlefile brush. Specimens were split longitudinally and were evaluated under stereomicroscope for remaining calcium hydroxide in the canals. Results: Chi square test was used for comparison and p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. XP-Endofinisher and passive ultrasonic irrigation showed no significant difference, but significant difference was found between XP- endofinisher and Gentlefile brush. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, none of the methods could completely remove Metapex from the root canals but Gentlefile brush showed promising results.
Reg. No. 508
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of mode of bond failure of two bulk fill composites to various pulp capping agents – An in vitro scanning electron microscopic analysis
Rahul Dawani
Sri Aurobindo College of Dentistry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
Objectives: The Aim of this Study was to Compare the Shear Bond Strength (SBS) of Two Bulk fill Composites to various Pulp Capping Agents and to Evaluate their Mode of Bond Failure at the Interface under Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) Materials and Methods: 32 Acrylic Blocks 3-4 cms in Height and 3-4 mm in Diameter were prepared and divided into two groups (n=10) as per the type of the Composite used. They were further divided into two subgroups (n=4) depending upon the type of the pulp capping agent used. Shear Bond Strength is Tested using using Universal Testing Machine with a Crosshead Speed of 1 mm/min. Mode of Bond Failure is Seen in Scanning Electron Microscope. Statistical Analysis: Was Performed Using ANOVA Test And Post Hoc Tukey Test. Results: It was Observed that Biodentine has better Shear Bond Strength than MTA, BIO C REPAIR & THERACAL LC. ? Both MTA and THERACAL LC Shows Cohesive Bond Failure with SEM Analysis. Conclusion: From the Results it was concluded that BIODENTINE Has Better Shear Bond Strength Than MTA, BIO C REPAIR And THERACAL LC And Both MTA And THERACAL LC Shows Cohesive Bond Failure with SEM Analysis.
Reg. No. 509
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of the microhardness and surface roughness in biomimetic material during immersion in different desensitizing mouthwashes using Vickers micro hardness test and surface profilometer
Shubhangi Kadoo
Sri Aurobindo College of Dentistry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
Aim: This study evaluates Vickers microhardness and surface roughness in Bio-C Repair MTA and Glass-ionomer cement, both immersed in desensitizing mouthwashes. Materials and Methods: Twenty samples of round shaped of size 4-mm in diameter and 2-mm in height were randomly distributed in desensitizing mouthwashes. 1. Senquel –AD mouthwash. 2. Colgate sensitive pro-relief mouthwash. All samples were put in a flask within the mouthwashes for 2 min, under vibration, twice a day for 21 days. Microhardness and surface roughness were assessed at 48-hours. Statistical Analysis: Statistical tests of normality (Kolmogorov – Smirnov) were analysed using non parametric test. Mean & standard deviation were calculated for quantitative total score variable and frequency percentage for categorial variable. Independent t test was applied for the comparison of two groups, if data found to be normal. If p = 0.05, the result will be statistically significant. Results: For roughness: within the 48 hours, the Bio-C Repair MTA showed higher surface roughness when immersed in the Senquel-AD mouthwash. For microhardness: within the 48 hours, the Bio-C Repair MTA showed higher microhardness when immersed in the Senquel-AD mouthwash. Conclusion: Bio-C Repair MTA showed higher surface roughness and microhardness against the Glass-ionomer cement.
Reg. No. 510
Category: Original Research
Comparison of change in canal angulation and canal transportation in mandibular molar canals prepared with two different rotary system using CBCT: Hyflex EDM Vs Protaper Gold
Rahul Vaswani
Sri Aurobindo College of Dentistry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
Aim: The aim of this study is to compare the canal angulation and canal transportation in mandibular molar canals prepared with two different rotary system. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four mandibular molars were selected and assigned to two different groups (n=12) G1- Hyflex EDM; G2- Protaper Gold. All the teeth were embedded in the moulds of clear acrylic resin. All the teeth were scanned with CBCT to determine the morphology of the canals before instrumentation. The access cavity was prepared using Endo Access bur size 2 and K-file of size #10 hand file was used to check canal patency, k file of size #15 was used to determine working length. Biomechanical preparation was done using following files: Protaper Gold, Hyflex EDM. Simultaneous irrigation was done using 5% sodium hypochlorite. After the cleaning and shaping process, post instrumentation CBCT scans were taken. Pre- and post-instrumentation CBCT scans were analysed with CS 3D Imaging software. Schneider's method was used to define change in canal curvature. Canal transportation was calculated at 2 cross sectional levels that corresponded to 3 mm, 6 mm distance from apical end. Statistical Analysis: Independent t-Test, Paired t-Test and One way ANOVA Test were applied for comparison between groups. Results: As observed in our study Protaper Gold produced less Canal Angulation change and Canal Transportation when compared with Hyflex EDM.
Reg. No. 511
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Management of open apex using an apical matrix-collagen sponge and MTA – Case report
Rejin Mariyam
Government Dental College, Kozhikode, Kerala, India
Teeth with open apices, such as immature teeth or those with apical root resorption are clinical cases with a difficult immediate resolution. Therefore, to allow safe root canal filling, some techniques have been recommended, such as chemical or thermal adaptation of the gutta-percha in the radicular apical third and/or apexification with long-term intracanal calcium hydroxide dressing. However, these methods have many technical problems and require multiple sittings. In order to treat teeth with open apices in a short time, and to avoid the possible negative effects presented by prolonged use of intracanal calcium hydroxide medication, placement of an apical barrier with freeze-dried bone, tricalcium phosphate, dehydrated dentin matrix, or more recently, calcium silicate-based cements (CSC), such as mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and Biodentine, has been proposed. With the use of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) in dentistry, it was possible to optimize the treatment time by immediate placement of the apical plug and the root canal filling. However, some negative effects can occur if MTA is extruded beyond the apex. To avoid this accident, it has been recommended to use an apical matrix prior to the placement of MTA. Collagen membrane has disadvantages like high cost and difficulty handling the material. Lyophilized collagen hemostatic sponge is a practical alternative, easy to handle, low cost, and has satisfactory tissue tolerance.
Reg. No. 512
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of two different rotary instrumentation systems for removal of gutta-percha from root canal during endodontic retreatment with and without solvent: An in vitro study
Vrushali Mangaldas Mahajan
Mansarovar Dental College and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
Background: Endodontics has been the flag-bearer of dentistry for a very long time. Previous studies have reported success rates of RCT >90%. But then, incidences of root canal failures, though minimal, did not fade away. The increasing patient demands for saving teeth signifies the importance of the retreatment procedure. For even a tiny percentage of cases in which RCT is not successful, comparing file systems and solvents used for re-treatment could be beneficial. Aim: Comparative evaluation of the efficacy of two different retreatment files for removal of gutta-percha with and without solvent. Materials and Methods: RCT was performed using ProTaper Universal NiTi rotary instruments. Retreatment was performed using protaper retreatment and re endostart retreatment files & each specimen was split into two halves. Each half of every specimen will be separately imaged. Digitized images of each half specimen will be obtained at × 20 original magnifications with the digital camera attached to a DOM. The amount of gutta-percha and sealer on canal walls was imaged in a standardized way in both sections and measured using AutoCAD 2019 software. Statistical Analysis: The mean total surface area of residual obturation material and the mean percentage of residual obturation material in the specimen were statistically evaluated for all the groups. ANOVA statistical test applied. Conclusion: ProTaper universal retreatment instruments with solvent are more efficient compared to Endostar retreatment instruments.
Reg. No. 517
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Esthetic rehabilitation with minimally invasive approach - Case reports
Damuka Sudheer Kumar
Tamilnadu Government Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Composite resin restorative materials were developed to overcome the disadvantages of amalgam restorative materials. Dental amalgams are unaesthetic and toxic. Composites are filled resins and they exhibits high compressive strength, abrasion resistance, ease of application and high translucency. Depending on the filler size and shape various composites have been developed till now. Recent developments in anterior direct composite restorations have centered around the attainment of esthetic life like restorations. Case 1: A 33 years old male patient reported with chief complaint of fractured upper front teeth 2 years back. Clinical and radiographic examination revealed Elli's class II fracture in 11 and 12. Esthetic outcome was designed by using digital smile design software (DTS Pro) and wax mock up done. Composite restoration (Te-Econom plus; ivoclar vivadent) was done using putty index method. Case 2: A 18 years old male patient reported with chief complaint of yellowish brown discoloration in upper front teeth for past 10 years. Clinical examination revealed yellow brown discoloration which was non pitted involving 11,12,21,22. Treatment planned was vital bleaching followed by direct composite veneering (BEAUTIFIL Injectable; Shofu) using injection molding technique. Composites can be used to restore fractured anterior teeth and to camouflage stains due to fluorosis in order to produce good esthetic outcome.
Reg. No. 519
Category: Original Research
The antimicrobial analysis of restorative materials against various microbiota – An in-vitro study
Supurna Franklin
Saraswati Dental College, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Background: Conventionally, caries treatment involves complete caries removal and restoring the cavity prepared with restorative materials. However, the most frequent reason for replacing restoration is secondary caries. Therefore, the antibacterial activity of restorative material is exceedingly important. This study analyzes antibacterial efficacy of various restorative materials. Aim: To analyze antimicrobial activity of various restorative materials against different microbiota at various time intervals. Materials and Methods: Restorative materials (GIC, Prime and Bond Universal, Cention-N, Cention -N plus doxycycline) were manipulated according to manufacturer's instructions. Their antimicrobial efficacy was assessed against Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus and Lactobacillus acidophilus. Total of 14 plates were taken for each bacterium and each material. The media were inoculated by strains, wells were prepared and loaded with materials. Plates were incubated and evaluated for zone of inhibition at time interval of 24, 48, 72 hours. Results: Awaited. Statistical Analysis: Awaited. Conclusion: Awaited.
Reg. No. 522
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Bone grafts and platelet rich fibrin as an adjunct to periapical surgeries: A case report
Siddhant Sharma
Himachal Dental College, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India
Diseases of the pulp and periapical tissues are routinely treated by conventional root canal therapy. But in certain cases, surgical intervention could be used as an alternative when the non surgical approach is not feasible. Periapical surgery is a well-accepted technique used to salvage endodontically treated teeth that cannot be treated by conventional endodontic procedure. The objective of periapical surgery is to obtain apical tissue regeneration. This is usually achieved by removal of any irritant present within the confines of the affected root. Bone tissue heals spontaneously, but in complicated conditions such as large bone defects, the healing process fails. Therefore, it is still a challenge to treat and reconstruct large bone defects. A variety of therapeutic modalities have been developed to enhance the healing response and fill the bone defects. This case report highlights the healing of a large periapical lesion using bone graft harvested from patient's maxillary tuberosity.
Reg. No. 523
Category: Original Research
Incidence of postoperative pain after Single and Multiple visit root canal treatment in patients reporting in conservative dentistry and endodontics OPD of a tertiary care hospital: A cross sectional study
Priyanka Bhugra
Manav Rachna Dental College, Faridabad, Haryana, India
Context: Control of pain is important in dentistry because pain according to patient is a strong predictor for the performance of root canal treatment. As etiology of pain is multifactorial, there is primary influence of number of sittings and medication vs no medication, hence pain management after root canal treatment (i.e postobturation pain) is an important issue in clinical practice. Aim: To conduct an in vivo study for the incidence of postoperative pain on patients undergoing root canal treatment. Materials and Methods: A study was conducted in our department of conservative dentistry and endodontics in which patients who came to outpatient department were allocated into single visit and multiple visit endodontic treatment. Patients in both the single and multiple visit were further allocated into 3 subgroups. Subgroup 1- Both medication, Subgroup 2- Only analgesic, Subgroup 3- No medication. Following this approach and criteria of study, patients performa was made. Based on performa, intensity of subjective symptoms particularly postobturation pain was determined by using Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Results: Study is still under investigation to determine which group show more postobturation pain using VAS scale. Conclusion: Study in progress.
Reg. No. 526
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of microleakage of bioactive, alkasite and nanocomposite restorative materials in class V cavities: An in vitro dye penetration study
Amruta Phadke, Pranjali Sudesh Narvekar
KLE V. K. Institute of Dental Sciences, Belgaum, Karnataka, India
Context: One of the prime factors for success of a restoration is marginal adaptability and proper marginal seal. Restoration of Class V cavities is always a challenge. Activa Bioactive is a bioactive restorative material that chemically bonds and seals the cavity against microleakage. ?Cention-N is a new alkasite restorative material that has long-term release of calcium ions and fluoride ions.?Flowable composites have been recommended as liners due to their low viscosity, increased elasticity, and wettability. The sandwich technique is expected to combine the advantages of both the materials. Aim: To evaluate and compare the microleakage in Class V cavities restored with Activa bioactive, Cention-N and flowable composite as liner prior to nanocomposite resin using dye penetration test. Materials and Methods: Thirty extracted human permanent maxillary premolars were used to prepare Class V cavities with standardised dimension of 4 x 2 x 2 mm. After etching and bonding teeth were randomly divided into three groups and restored: Group A.- Activa Bioactiva (Pulpdent Corporation, Watertown), Group B.- Cention N (Ivoclar, Vivadent), Group C.- 1 mm of flowable composite Tetric N-Flow applied as liner prior to Filtek Z350 XT Universal composite. Teeth were then immersed in methylene blue dye for 24 hrs, then sectioned longitudinally. Following which dye penetration was assessed using stereomicroscope at 24 x magnification. Results: The study is in progress and the results are awaited?
Reg. No. 527
Category: Original Research
Knowledge of pre-endodontic buildup among dental surgeons in Northern India to move a step ahead towards successful endodontic therapy: A clinical survey
Shatakshi Rastogi, K. Anupama
Saraswati Dental College, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Background: The majority of clinical cases documented for root canal therapy have a considerable loss of coronal structure which determines the importance of pre-endodontic buildup that serves as a foundation for permanent prosthesis. Aim: Aim of the present study was to access the knowledge, importance, and concept of pre-endodontic buildup and various available techniques among postgraduates, academicians, and practitioners while performing routine root canal therapy across Northern India. Materials and Methods: A self-prepared questionnaire survey was done using an online platform with 640 subjects among postgraduates, academicians, and practitioners, including both endodontists and non-endodontists performing root canal treatment. Statistical Analysis: The collected data were tabulated and statistically analyzed using SPSS 19 software. The level of significance was set at p<0.05. Results: Our survey brings out a positive response rate of 64% among 60% endodontists and 40% non-endodontists. It was found that 76.1% of respondents were aware of the concept of pre-endodontic buildup. However, 14.6% of endodontists were always, while 34.1% and 51.2% practiced pre-endodontic buildup frequently and rarely respectively. Lower Practice scores among endodontists were associated with a lack of patient compliance and time, while non-endodontists were due to a lack of knowledge on pre-endodontic buildup. Conclusion: Integration of stable pre-endodontic build-up for structurally compromised teeth with a plethora of materials and techniques has proven to change the clinical outcome with a high success rate.
Reg. No. 528
Category: Original Research
Efficacy of low level laser therapy in the management of postoperative pain after single visit endodontic treatment in patients with symptomatic apical periodontitis: A single blinded randomized clinical trial
Nandhita Murugavel
KLE Society's Institute of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
Background: Root canal treatments have been associated with pain preoperatively, operatively as well as postoperatively. Post-endodontic pain affects upto 53% of cases, and can be attributed to mechanical, chemical or biologic irritation of the periapical tissues. Postoperative pain has also been recorded as as 7.8% higher in older individuals when compared to younger groups. These could be various reasons for limiting the use of single visit endodontic treatment (SVET) in these cases, which has otherwise proved effective when compared with multi-visit endodontics in terms of post-operative pain, flare-ups and even healing. An upcoming therapeutic intervention in pain management is low level laser therapy (LLLT). It has shown significant reduction of post-endodontic pain in recent studies. However, there is a lack of evidence in the literature regarding the management of post-endodontic pain in older individuals, as they tend to experience higher pain levels. Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of LLLT in the management of postoperative pain after SVET in symptomatic apical periodontitis cases in an older age group. Methodology: Post-single visit endodontic treatment, 58 individuals were randomly assigned to one of 2 groups: a laser group, wherein LLLT was applied or a placebo group, in which there was mock application of LLLT. Pain scores was recorded for a week and with the follow-up of a month using Visual Analogue Scale. This was to be compared with baseline pre-operative pain levels. Statistical Analysis: Will be performed with student's t-test and paired t-test. Results and Conclusions: Awaited from statistical analysis.
Reg. No. 531
Category: Original Research
An in-vitro comparative evaluation of canal transportation and centering ability of rotary versus reciprocating file systems using cone beam computed tomography
Niyati Sharma
Terna Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Introduction: Root canal shaping, which is the key stage in endodontic treatment, should create a continuous tapered preparation from crown to apex while maintaining the original path of the canal and keeping the foramen size as small as practical. Since stainless steel instruments are more rigid, they can't maintain the canal centering especially in curved canals. This led to the development of more flexible nickel-titanium instruments. However, further research is required to study the centering ability and tendency of canal transportation with both rotary and reciprocating NiTi instruments. Aims and Objectives: To evaluate and compare canal transportation and centering ability of a rotary system (ProTaper Gold, Dentsply) and a reciprocating system (WaveOne Gold, Dentsply) using Cone-beam computed tomography. Materials and Methods: In this in-vitro study, 24 extracted single rooted premolars, having a root curvature of 10-20° (as per Schneider's technique) will be divided into 2 equal groups: Group A- (n=12) Protaper Gold (rotary) and Group B- (n=12) WaveOne Gold (reciprocating). All teeth will be decoronated at 16 mm and prepared with respective file systems. Both pre-operative and post-operative CBCT scans would be taken to study the centering ability and canal transportation using the appropriate formulas. Statistical Analysis: The data collected will be analysed using the appropriate statistical tests and conclusion will be drawn out.
Reg. No. 532
Category: Original Research
Generating the lost-regeneration by hiPSCs
Anisha
Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Introduction: “Stem cell is an undifferentiated cell of a multicellular organism which is capable of giving rise to indefinitely more cells of the same type, and from which certain other kinds of cell arises by differentiation.” Somatic cells can be reprogrammed into pluripotent cells by altering their landscape and are termed as induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). These cells are capable of regeneration and mimic embryonic stem cells with the exclusion of ethical issues associated with embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Materials and Methods: In theory, iPSCs generated from terminally differentiated cells can be induced to further differentiate into all types of organs that are derived from the embryonic germ layers. Since iPSC reprogramming technology is relatively new, extensive efforts have been put together to optimize the protocols to establish in vitro differentiation of human iPSCs (hiPSCs) into various desirable cell types/organs. Present study evaluates CGF and PRF as natural scaffold and source of growth factor for the regeneration of hiPSCs. Conclusion: CGF and PRF prolong the duration of growth factor activity, which is conducive for growth factor synergy, and enhances cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. iPSCs provide the possibility to conduct elaborate studies in biomedical research and development, for human disease treatment, regeneration, and development of cell transplantation therapy.
Reg. No. 533
Category: Original Research
Comparision of different irrigation activation methods for removal of intracanal medicament from simulated root canal model with lateral canals – Micro-CT study
K. S. Adarsh
Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Introduction: Calcium hydroxide is the most common intracanal medicament used between the sessions of endodontic therapy, because of its antimicrobial property and organic tissue dissolution capacity. The remnants of Ca(OH)2 can remain in root canals and decrease the efficacy of root canal treatment. Thus, calcium hydroxide should be completely removed from the root canals. Materials and Methods: Radiopaque Ca(OH)2 paste is placed in the prepared root canals for the purpose of conducting the experiment. Thereafter, the samples are randomly divided into different groups based on the method of irrigant activation used. Micro-CT images are obtained for each group before and after irrigant activation and the volume of Ca(OH)2 removed using different irrigant activation modalities is assessed using the imaging software. Conclusion: Complete removal calcium hydroxide paste from root canal is not achievable using routine irrigation technique from complex areas such as lateral canal, fins and isthmuses. Hence to overcome these limitations several irrigation activation techniques should be used.
Reg. No. 534
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Apexification: Case reports of apexification treatment of immature permanent teeth with biodentine and MTA
Ajay Nevil
Noorul Islam College of Dental Sciences, Pathamkallu, Kerala, India
Apexification is defined as a method to induce a calcific barrier across an open apex of an immature, pulpless tooth by formation of osteocementum or bone like tissue. Materials such as calcium hydroxide and mineral trioxide aggregate are used in apexification procedures, but the search for improved materials with higher characteristics of biocompatibility led to newer materials. Biodentine is a silicate cement that possesses adequate handling characteristics and acceptable mechanical and bioactivity properties. It has a wide range of applications including root perforations repair, apexification, management of resorptive lesions, as a retrograde filling material in endodontic surgery and pulp capping and can also be used as a dentine replacement material in restorative dentistry.One unique characteristics of the product is its fast setting time which is achieved by increasing particle size by adding calcium chloride to the liquid component, and decreasing the liquid content. The setting period of the material is as short as 9–12 minutes. This shorter setting time is an improvement compared to other calcium silicate materials. MTA has been shown to have superior sealing ability compared to amalgam, ZnO eugenol, IRM and super-EBA. It has also been shown to have superior characteristics as a direct pulp-capping agent when compared with Ca(OH)2 in the root canal. It is a has less leakage, better antibacterial properties, high marginal adaptation, and a pH of 12.5 and is more biocompatible. This case series describes about the apexification procedure done in two immature permanent teeth using MTA and Biodentine.
Reg. No. 539
Category: Original Research
Evaluation of the effect of Syringe irrigation in curved root canals using 3 endodontic needles at different positions and flow rates: A computational fluid dynamics study
Anisha Parmar
Karnavati School of Dentistry, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
Aim: To evaluate the effect of irrigant flow in curved root canal during irrigation with a syringe and three types of needles, using a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model. Methods: A mandibular first molar with curved (20o to 30o) mesial canals was chosen for this study. The root canals were prepared and scanned, and then the images were exported to Computer-Aided Design (CAD) software. The needle types include flat end-tip, side-vented, and modified side-vented needles. Different insertion depths and inlet velocities were studied. The flow pattern, irrigant replacement, velocity distribution, wall stress distribution, and apical pressure in the canal were compared with an open-source CFD software OpenFOAM using the Volume of Fluid (VoF) approach. Postprocessing of the results was carried out using Paraview and Tecplot 360. Results: Most irrigants flowed to the canal outlet from the adjacent instrumented canal space with different trajectories. Poor irrigation replacement appeared in the schemes without enough needle insertion no matter which kind of needle has been used, though relatively lower pressure emerged at the apical foramen. The closed-end side-vented needle required insertion depth closer to WL, for efficient irrigant replacement, compared to open-end irrigation needle types. Besides increased velocity, it produced increased irrigant apical pressure. Conclusion: Orientation of the opening of the side-vented needle influences the flow pattern, velocity, apical wall pressure, and penetration. For all irrigation needle types and needle insertion depths, the increase in flow rate was followed by an increased irrigant apical pressure.
Reg. No. 540
Category: Original Research
Effect of temperature of sodium hypochlorite on cyclic fatigue resistance of heat-treated rotary files on extreme 90° root canal curvatures in stainless steel metal block
Kruti Jadawala
Karnavati School of Dentistry, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
Aim: The aim of the study is to compare the effect of temperature of sodium hypochlorite on cyclic fatigue resistance of heat-treated rotary files on extreme 90o root canal curvatures in stainless steel metal block. Materials and Methods: The cyclic fatigue resistance of heat-treated files-TruNatomy (TN), Hyflex CM (HCM) and non-heat-treated file-K3XF (KXF) was tested in the following conditions: control (no immersion), immersion in distilled water (DW) at 37oC, immersion in DW at 60oC, immersion in sodium hypochlorite NaOCl at 37oC, and immersion in NaOCl at 60oC. The immersion period was 5 minutes for all conditions. A stainless-steel artificial canal with a curvature of 90oC and a 5-mm radius was used. The time to failure and fragment lengths were recorded for each instrument, and data were subjected to statistical analysis. Results: HCM showed an increase in the cyclic fatigue resistance in distilled water at 60oC/ 104o F followed by 5.25% NaOCl at 37oC / 98o F, Distilled water at 37oC/ 98o F, Control and least in 5.25% NaOCl at 60oC/ 104o F compared to TN and K3XF. Conclusions: Heat treated files performed superiorly compared to non-heat treated file. HCM showed the highest cyclic fatigue followed by TN and K3XF.
Reg. No. 543
Category: Original Research
Fracture resistance of mandibular first molar reinforced with different post designs and core preparation after obturation – An in vitro study
Puja Raosaheb Khakal
YCMM and RDF'S Dental College and Hospital, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India
Aim: To compare fracture resistance of mandibular first molar reinforced with different post design and core preparation after obturation. Materials and Methods: Twenty four mandibular first molar teeth were selected and divided into three groups. In group I (n=8) endodontically treated –no post. Group II vertical post metal. Group III horizontal diagonal post design –fibre post. The individual teeth were mounted on acrylic base and loaded on universal testing machine to check maximum load at fracture and fracture pattern .fracture load were compared and data examined statistically. Results: Statistical analysis of results are in progress. Discussion: Analysis of endodontic treatment outcomes suggest that tooth fracture may be a greater problem than reinfection. Fractures in endodontically treated teeth have a reduced long term survival rate due to reduced fracture resistance caused by dentin loss during endodontic procedures. Reviews of several in vitro studies suggest that a composite restoration reinforced with glass fibers, particularly with fiberglass posts laid horizontally in a buccolingual direction, significantly increased fracture resistance. Conclusion: Study can be concluded after statistical analysis.
Reg. No. 544
Category: Original Research
A spectrophotometeric evaluation to ascertain the effects of various widely consumed beverages on the colour stability of a recently marketed universal nanohybrid, nanofilled, and microhybrid composite resin
Shreya Modi
Karnavati School of Dentistry, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
Background: The difficulty with restorative dentistry is that the colour of composite varies over time when exposed to a variety of common beverages, requiring the patient's expenditure. Aim: To examine how different composite materials changed colour when exposed to the most popular drinks. Materials and Methods: 120 disc-shaped composite pellets with (6 x 2) mm size were created and randomly divided into 3 groups and 4 subgroups, based on the kind of composite (nanohybrid, nanofilled, and microhybrid) and beverages utilised (distilled water, Coca-cola, tea, and coffee), respectively. Samples were immersed in beverages for 7 days at 37°C. The colour was evaluated both before and after immersion using a spectrophotometer. After measuring the CIE L*a*b* values, the acquired CIE ?E values were tabulated. Statistical Analysis: Following a one-way ANOVA, a paired t-test and post hoc Tukey's test were performed. Results: Overall, distilled water showed the least amount of colour change, followed by Coca-Cola, coffee and tea. In Tea, Coffee and Coca-cola, nanohybrid composite and nanofilled composite showed statistically significant difference in mean color change value -16.74 (P<0.001), -7.29 (P<0.001) and -1.02 (P= 0.018) respectively, while nanohybrid and microhybrid composite showed statistically insignificant difference. Conclusion: The least mean colour change was seen in nanohybrid composites, followed by microhybrid composites, while the greatest colour change was observed in nanofilled composites.
Reg. No. 546
Category: Original Research
The effect of preheating of composite resin on its colour stability after immersion in tea and coca cola solutions: An in vitro study
Pankaj S. Debadwar
Pandit Upadhyay Dental College, Solapur, Maharashtra, India
Aim: To evaluate the preheating effect of composite resin on its colour stability when immersed in tea and coca cola solutions. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 60 disks samples of a nano hybrid composite with a diameter of 5 mm and thickness 2 mm were prepared using plastic mould. Specimens were divided into two groups. Group 1 of 30 specimens, composite was placed in refrigerator and placed in plastic moulds at room temperature. After condensing, celluloid strips were placed to achieve smooth, glossy surface. Samples were polymerized for 40 seconds. In group 2 of 30 specimens, a composite gun containing composite was placed in convection micro oven at temperature of 53 to 680C, the composite was immediately inserted in plastic mould to reduce heat dissipation and cured for 40 seconds. All the samples were unmoulded and placed in 370C distilled water for 24 hours for complete polymerization. Samples were dried with moisture absorbing paper and colour stability was measured (t0). The samples of each group were randomly divided into 3 subgroups (n=10) and respectively immersed in distilled water, tea and coca cola. Solutions were changed and samples were washed daily. After 30 days, colour stability of all the samples was measured using CIE-L*a*b* system. Results: Statistical analysis are in progress.
Discussion: Preheating of composite resin rises its degree of polymerization leading to reduced absorption and penetration of the colorant solution causing higher resistance to discolouration. Conclusion: Study can be concluded after statistical analysis.
Reg. No. 547
Category: Original Research
Evaluation of post-operative hypersensitivity of bulk fill composite resins in Class-1 cavities
Snehal Arunrao Tawar, Aishwarya Shivkumar Ranjalkar
CSMSS Dental College and Hospital, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
Context: The advancement in restorative material has been a principle goal of material science to develop the ideal material to replace lost dental tissue. The increasing concerns about aesthetics, conservative restorations and the content of mercury in amalgam, the selection of bulk fill restorative material is become necessary in stress bearing areas. Aim: To evaluate incidences and severity of postoperative sensitivity in patient restored with 3 different bulk fill composite resin restorative material- Tetric N-Cerum, SDI Aura, Surefill on visual analog scale. Materials and Methods: Thirty-six patients having occlusal caries will be selected and divided into three groups. Class I cavity will be prepared and restored with bulk fill composite resin material. Group 1 patients will be receiving Tetric N-Cerum as a bulk fill composite resin restorative material. Group 2 patients will be receiving SDI Aura as a bulk fill composite resin restorative material. Group 3 patients will be receiving Surefill as a bulk fill composite resin restorative material. Postoperative hypersensitivity will be measured by using a visual analogue scale (VAS) with air stimulus by using the 3-way syringe. The ratings will be done at 24 hours, 72 hours and 1-week post treatment. Statitical Analysis: Quantitative data obtained will be statistically analysed by using One-way ANOVA test. Results and Conclusion: Awaited.
Reg. No. 554
Category: Original Research
To compare and evaluate the antimicrobial effect of three different irrigants in infected root canals – An in vivo microbiological study
Rutuja Rameshwar Pawar, Shivani Tushar Vyavahare
CSMSS Dental College and Hospital, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
Context: The major goal in endodontics is to clean, disinfect and seal the root canal system from the sources of infection. The elimination of pulp tissue, bacteria and their residual products from an infected root canal is one of the keys of successful endodontic treatment. The use of irrigants is complimentary to instrumentation to remove the bacteria and their products. Aim: To compare and evaluate the antimicrobial effect of three different irrigants in infected root canals. Materials and Methods: Thirty-six patients requiring root canal treatment in single-rooted teeth with necrotic pulp and satisfying the inclusion and exclusion criteria will be included and divided into 3 random groups 12 each. In group I, canals will be irrigated with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite during instrumentation and group II canals will be initially irrigated with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and saline during instrumentation and then exposed to a 5 min final irrigation with 2% Iodine Potassium Iodide. In group III, canals will be initially the irrigated with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and saline during instrumentation and then exposed to a 5 min final irrigation with Ozonated oil. Bacteria samples will be collected before treatment (S1) and at the end of the treatment (S2) using sterile paper points which will be deposited in brain heart infusion broth and microbiological evaluation will be carried out. Statistical Analysis: Quantitative data will be statistically analyzed by using paired t test and ANOVA test. Results and Conclusion: Are awaited.
Reg. No. 555
Category: Original Research
To compare and evaluate apical extrusion of Enterococcus faecalis from infected root canal system using rotary and reciprocating file systems
Deole Sonal Anand
CSMSS Dental College and Hospital, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
Context: All available biomechanical preparation techniques and instruments are associated with some amount of apical extrusion of bacterial and pulpal content which is considered as the major cause of root canal treatment failure. Hence the present study aims to evaluate the amount of apical extrusion with different file systems. Aim: To compare and evaluate apical extrusion of E faecalis from infected root canal system using rotary and reciprocating file systems. Materials and Methods: Sixty freshly extracted mandibular premolars with single canals were collected. Access cavities were prepared and canals were made free of bacteria and pulp in all samples. The teeth were mounted on the bacteria collecting apparatus. Root canals were contaminated with E faecalis and dried at 37°C for 24 h. The contaminated samples were then divided into three experimental groups and prepared according to manufacturers instructions. Group 1: Protaper gold, Group 2: M two rotary file group, Group 3: RECIPROC blue reciprocating file group. The extrude was collected and incubated in the suspension of brain–heart infusion agar at 37oC for 24 h. Colonies of bacteria were counted and the results given as number of CFU. Obtained data will be statistically analysed for results. Results and Conclusion: Are awaited
Reg. No. 558
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Delayed but not lost: A case report of delayed fragment reattachment
Balasubramaniam Shankar
Government Dental College and Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
One of the most esthetically acceptable methods of replacing a fractured tooth is by reattaching the split fragment to the remaining tooth structure. Despite advancements in composites over decades, no synthetic restorative material can replace the tooth better than itself. Fragment reattachment, first described by Chosack and Eidelman in 1964, has become a favorable treatment modality due to its cost- effectiveness. With improvements in bonding systems over the years, reattachment of a broken fragment has provided better results. Literature states early preparation and reattachment of the fragment is essential for clinical success of the procedure. However, in this case, due to the patient's illness, reattachment had to be delayed for a week. Though delayed fragment reattachment appears to be successful after the follow- ups, success of the tooth fragment reattachment depends on multiple factors. More scientific evidence needs to be generated to strongly declare or recommend the delayed attachment.
Reg. No. 560
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Evaluate the effect of local application of Simvastatin in bone regeneration after periradicular surgery and compare it with normal healing
Manoj Kumar
UIDS, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
Present paper presentation evaluate the effects of local application of Simvastatin in bone regeneration after peri-radicular surgery and compare it with normal healing. Simvastatin has been shown to enhance bone formation by BMP-2 and reduce bone resorption. It also have vasodilator, anti-thrombolite, anti-oxidant, immunomodulatory effect. S Gupta in 2020 also concluded Simvastatin has significant effect on bone regeneration as compared to PRF and hydroxyapatite. Present case report compare regeneration of lesion in peri-radicular region with or without Simvastatin.
Reg. No. 561
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of dentinal cracks after root canal preparation using TruNatomy, Neoendo flex and Neoendo Neohybrid files: An in vitro study
Priyanka Priyadarshni
K. D. Dental College and Hospital, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
Aim: Aim of the study was to compare and evaluate the dentinal cracks caused by TruNatomy, Neoendo flex and Neoendo Neohybrid files after root canal preparation:-An in vitro study. Materials and Methods: 100 single rooted mandibular premolar extracted teeth were taken. The specimens were randomly assigned to four groups, with 25 samples in each group. The root canal preparation for the four groups was done with TruNatomy, Neoendo flex and Neoendo Neohybrid files respectively and the control group was left unprepared. The specimens were horizontally sectioned at 3, 6 and 9 mm from the apex. Sectioned samples were viewed under a stereomicroscope to determine the presence or absence of dentinal cracks. The data will be analyzed using one-way ANOVA and post hoc tests. Results: Results are awaited.
Reg. No. 562
Category: Original Research
Comparing the efficacy of herbal irrigants with laser activation in removing endodontic pathogens: An in vitro analysis
T. Shunmuga Priya
Rajas Dental College, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India
Background: Removal of harmful endodontic pathogens involves mechanical enlargement of the root canals along with the use of chemicals to improve debridement and disinfection. Although this is effective in many cases, failures still occur due to microorganisms remaining inside the root canal system. Aim: To compare the antimicrobial efficacy of 3% sodium hypochlorite, Azadirachta indica extract and Morinda citrifolia extract before and after laser activation. Materials and Methods: 64 single rooted teeth with single canal were selected and decoronated to a standard length of 16 mm. All the samples were autoclaved. Two samples were selected randomly to check the complete disinfection and the rest were inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis. Biofilm formation was checked in two randomly selected samples after 7 days. The remaining samples were divided in to 3 groups (A, B and C). Then each group was subdivided in to 2 subgroups (A1, A2, B1, B2, C1 and C2). First group was irrigated with 3% sodium hypochlorite, second group was irrigated with Azadirachta indica extract and third group was irrigated with Morinda citrifolia extract. A2, B2 and C2 were activated with Biolase diode laser and colony forming units were counted for all samples. Statistical Analysis: Kruskal – Wallis test and Mann – Whitney U test were used. Results: Laser activation resulted in fewer colony forming units compared to non-laser activation groups. Conclusion: Diode laser can be used as an useful adjuvant in root canal disinfection.
Reg. No. 563
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Effect of local application of simvastatin in bone regeneration after peri radicular surgery
Deeksha, Manoj Kumar
Dr. HSJ Dental College, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
Present paper presentation evaluates the effect of local application of simvastatin in peri-radicular surgery and compares it with normal healing. simvastatin has been shown to enhance bone formation by increasing BMP-2 and reduce bone resorption. it has vasodilative, anti-thrombotic, anti-oxidant immunomodulatory effect. S.Gupta in 2020 also concluded that simvastatin has significant effect on bone regeneration as compared to PRF and hydroxyapatite. present case report compares regeneration of 13*15 mm lesion in peri-radicular surgery with or without simvastatin.
Reg. No. 565
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of the antimicrobial efficacy of nisin, tea tree oil and calcium hydroxide in the elimination of polymicrobial film
Tripat Jot Kaur
Dr. HSJ Dental College, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
Context: Endodontic disease is a biofilm-mediated infection. To ensure complete elimination of bacteria, effective antimicrobial agent in the root canal is required. Intracanal medicaments play major role in eradication of the microorganisms. Nisin and Tea tree oil are the newer intracanal medicaments having significant antimicrobial activity. Aim: Comparative evaluation of the antimicrobial efficacy of Nisin, Tea tree oil and calcium hydroxide in the elimination of polymicrobial film. Materials and Methods: Dentin disks were immersed in a microtitre well plate containing nutrient broth and Enterococcus faecalis [ATCC 29212], Streptococcus salivarius [ATCC 13419] & Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus [ATCC 43300] in each of the wells. Polymicrobial biofilm was established on dentin disks. Phosphate buffer saline was used to wash off any planktonic bacteria. Medicaments calcium hydroxide, Nisin & tea tree oil at a concentration of their MBC were added. Saline was used as control. This set up was incubated for 24 hours. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was done for qualitative observation of the biofilm. Statistical Analysis: The data were analysed statistically using JSM 6100 (JEOL). Results: Antimicrobial efficacy of Teatree oil is stronger than Nisin, Calcium hydroxide, and Normal saline against E. faecalis biofilm. Conclusions: Dentin discs treated with Teatree oil displayed maximum effectiveness against polymicrobial biofilm. Easy availability, cost- effectiveness, increased shelf life, low toxicity and lack of microbial resistance of tea tree oil are the added benefits.
Reg. No. 566
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth restored with custom-made glass fiber post and biological dentin post – An in vitro study
T. Dharani
Vivekanandha Dental College for Women, Elaiyampalayam, Tamil Nadu, India
Aim: This in-vitro study aimed to evaluate and compare the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth restored with custom-made glass fiber posts and biological dentin posts. Materials and Methods: Forty-five freshly extracted intact human maxillary central incisors were selected for the study. All the teeth were decoronated, and root canal treatment was performed. The samples were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=15). In Group A and B sectional obturation was performed and the samples were restored with custom-made glass fiber post and biological dentin post milled using Computer Aided Design and Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAD-CAM). In Group C single cone obturation technique was performed and this acted as a control group. The samples were subjected to a compressive load of 2.5 mm/min at 135° angulation to the long axis of the teeth using the universal testing machine. Statistical Analysis: The load at which the fracture occurred was analysed statistically by one-way ANOVA and post-hoc turkey test. Results: The findings showed a statistically significant difference among the test groups. The biological dentin post showed the highest fracture resistance, followed by the custom-made glass fiber post. Conclusion: Teeth restored with biological dentin posts showed higher fracture resistance than those restored with custom-made glass fiber posts.
Reg. No. 570
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Do not throw... Reattach
Sagarika
Faculty of Dental Sciences-RUAS, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
Traumatic injuries result in damage to dental and periradicular tissues. Trauma can occur due to road traffic accidents, contact injuries or sports. It can lead to uncomplicated crown fracture, complicated crown fracture or complicated crown – root fracture. These affect patient's psychological well-being, esthetics and both oral and para oral functions. The traditional treatment of complicated crown fracture involves the use of definitive crown after crown lengthening, post and core-supported restorations with or without orthodontic or surgical extrusion, even extraction followed by implant or fixed partial denture. Reattachment of the tooth fragment is a conservative technique for managing coronal fractures when the tooth fragment is available. Reattachment utilizes the patient's natural teeth, restoring exact form, surface morphology, color with minimal violation of biological width. It provides fast and esthetically pleasing results as well as restores patient's confidence. Reattachment of the tooth fragment can be used as an intermediate restoration until definitive treatment is planned. This paper presents esthetic and functional management of tooth fractures.
Reg. No. 571
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of microleakage in large Class II cavities using different liners under bulk-fill resin composite using stereomicroscope – An in vitro study
P. Denisha
Vivekanandha Dental College for Women, Elaiyampalayam, Tamil Nadu, India
Aim: To compare and evaluate the marginal microleakage using resin based and bioactive liners under large Class II composite restoration using closed sandwich technique. Materials and Methods: A total of 33 Human Maxillary premolars extracted for therapeutic reasons were collected, cleaned and stored in distilled water. Standardized large mesio-occlusal (MO) cavities were prepared on all the samples under water coolant. Samples were randomly divided into three groups (n=11). In Group 1: RMGIC liner and Group 2: Bioactive liner and the samples were then restored with bulk fill composite. In Group 3: Direct composite without a cavity liner and this act as a control group. The restorations were finished and polished and subjected to thermocycling. The samples were then be immersed in 2% buffered methylene blue dye for 24 hrs, then sectioned longitudinally in the mesio-distal direction using diamond disc with water coolant and were examined under the stereomicroscope at 40x magnification to assess dye leakage. Statistical Analysis: Data were analyzed statistically by Kruskal-Wallis Test and Mann-Whitney Test (p< 0.05). Results: The results indicate a statistically significant differences among the test groups. The control group showed the highest microleakage followed by RMGIC liner and bioactive liner. Conclusion: Teeth restored with bioactive liner with bulkfill composite resin restorations resulted in reduced microleakage.
Reg. No. 574
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of different obturating systems using cone beam computed tomography – An in vitro study
Grusha Gupta
Adesh Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Barnala, Punjab, India
Background: Newer file systems and jumping to single cone obturation have made endodontists life a bit easier. According to manufacturers, different newer single file systems corresponds to their single cone obturation. But the anatomical configuration of palatal and distal roots omits using single cone obturation. Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the homogeneity and quality of different obturating systems using CBCT in palatal and distal canals of maxillary and mandibular molars at coronal, middle and apical third region. Materials and Methods: Extracted maxillary and mandibular molars have been used for the study. Access Cavity and Biomechanical preparation have been done on distal canals of mandibular molars and palatal canals of maxillary molars. After access and biomechanical preparation of canals, volumetric spaces have been evaluated before and after obturation to check the amount of space left in the different obturating techniques, that is, single cone technique, lateral condensation technique and beefill technique. Statistical Analysis: After completion of the study, samples will be subjected to one-way ANOVA test. Results: Study in progress.
Reg. No. 575
Category: Original Research
Evaluating by CBCT the root canal morphology of mandibular premolars in North Indian population – An in vitro study
Savrose Kaur
Adesh Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Barnala, Punjab, India
Background: Objective of endodontic treatment is thorough cleaning and shaping of root canals followed by three dimensional obturation. A thorough knowledge and a clear understanding of external and internal anatomy of human dentition is essential for successful endodontic procedure. Human mandibular premolars are known for having aberrant anatomy. Mandibular first premolar is considered as enigma to endodontist with dual canal at various levels. Aim: Conducting an in vitro study to evaluate the variation in root canal morphology using cone beam computed tomography in North Indian population. Materials and Methods: 120 extracted single rooted mandibular premolars was the sample size. Out of these 70 samples were collected till date, mounted in modelling wax, cone beam computed tomography was performed and images were evaluated to draw a result based on Vertucci's classification. Results: Data will be collected, and statistical analysis will be done using Chi square test. Conclusion: Significant variation might be observed in canal morphology. Study yet in progress.
Reg. No. 576
Category: Original Research
Effectiveness of intracanal medicaiment, calcium hydroxide, tap, rosemary extract against Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans
D. E. Raktim
Chhattisgarh Dental College, Sundra, Chhattisgarh, India
Context: Root canal re-infection is mostly associated with E. Faecalis and C. albicans. Calcium hydroxide is one of the most widely used intracanal medicament owing to its antimicrobial properties with high pH. Triple antibiotic paste a combination of antibiotics (Metrogyl, ciprofloxacin and minocycline) is effective against both aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms but the drawback is, it discolour the tooth, bacterial resistance and alter the dentin structure. An aromatic plant derivative Rosemary extract (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) possesses anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory properties for medicinal purposes. So, its use as a new biomaterial in endodontics is assessed. Aim: The aim of the study is to to compare the effectiveness of a new intra-canal medicaiment “Rosemary extract”, Triple Antibiotic Paste and Calcium Hydroxide against E. Faecalis and C. Albicans. Materials and Methods: Inoculation of E. Faecalis and C. Albicans were inoculated on a suitable culture plate. The culture plate was incubated at 37 degree centigrade for 24 hours and 72 hours. The zone of inhibition was measured. The Zone of inhibition were analysed using Anova Test. Conclusion: Rosemary extract might prove to be a better alternative to other antimicrobial materials in failed endodontic re-infection cases in near future.
Reg. No. 577
Category: Original Research
Buckling resistance of initial hand and rotary files used for glide path preparation: An in vitro study
Sravani Bheemavarapu, Katta Ishitha
Sri Sai Collage of Dental Surgery, Vikarabad, Telangana, India
Aim: The aim of this in vitro study is to compare the buckling resistance between initial hand and rotary files used for glide path preparation. Materials and Methods: A total of ninety test instruments will be divided into two major groups based on the mode of use, Group 1- Hand instruments, Subgroup 1a- C Plus file, Subgroup 1b - D Finder, Subgroup 1c –Sybron Endo Pathfinder CS File, and Group 2 - Rotary instruments, Subgroup 2a- Neo Endo Flex Glide File, Subgroup 2b- Dentsply Path File, Subgroup 2c- Waldent Wal-Flex Glide File. These six subgroups of initial size endodontic files containing fifteen samples each, will be tested for buckling resistance by applying load in axial direction using a universal testing machine. The maximum load required to generate a lateral elastic displacement of 1 mm will be recorded for each instrument. Results will be obtained and analysis will be done.
Reg. No. 578
Category: Original Research
Effect of novel cavity cleanser on fracture resistance of composite restoration with different adhesive strategies: An in-vitro study
Sattiraju Sai Priyanka, Devanapally Vaijayanti
Sri Sai Collage of Dental Surgery, Vikarabad, Telangana, India
Aim: To evaluate the effect of novel cavity cleanser on fracture resistance of the composite restoration when bonded with three different adhesive strategies. Materials and Methods: A Total of 30 extracted non-carious premolars with no wear defects cracks, fracture lines, will be included in this study. Standardized class I cavities will be prepared on the occlusal surface of the premolar teeth. Samples will be allocated into groups based on different adhesive strategies. Group I (Total etch) A: etching + cavity cleanser + adhesive is applied. B: etching + chlorhexidine (control) + adhesive is applied. Group II (Self-etch), A: cavity cleanser + self-etch adhesive is applied. B: chlorhexidine (control) + self-etch adhesive is applied. Group III (Self-etch) A: etching + cavity cleanser + self-etch adhesive is applied. B: etching + chlorhexidine (control) + self-etch adhesive is applied. All the samples will be restored with composite resin as per manufacturer instructions. The fracture resistance of composite restoration will be obtained using Universal testing machine and data obtained will be subjected to statistical analysis.
Reg. No. 579
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth restored with novel fiber reinforced composite post system using different types of luting cements – An in vitro study
Gudikandula Navya, Vatnala Satvika
Sri Sai Collage of Dental Surgery, Vikarabad, Telangana, India
Materials and Methods: Forty extracted intact human single rooted teeth are selected. All the teeth are decoronated 3 mm above the level of CEJ, then root canal treatment is performed and the teeth are subjected to post space preparation, then the samples are divided into two groups (n=20) based on the type of Luting cement used for post cementation while using same fiber reinforced composite post system for both the groups. Group 1-Interlig Angelus with Self Etch Adhesive Dual cure resin. Group 2-Interlig Angelus with Self – Adhesive Dual cure resin. Then Core Build up is done with Nanohybrid composite and is standardized to 4 mm. All specimens will be subjected to a compressive load of 5 mm / min at 135° angulation using Universal Testing Machine and the results will be subjected to statistical analysis.
Reg. No. 584
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Because teeth have feelings too!!!
Shweta Jambagi
P. M. N. M. Dental College and Hospital, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India
Introduction: Advances in dentistry, as well as the increased desire of patients to maintain their dentition, have led to treatment of teeth that once would have been removed. Furcally-involved teeth present unique challenges to the success of periodontal therapy. Anatomic and morphological complicating factors dictate modifications in treatment approaches used for managing these areas.This article describes a simple procedure of hemisection in mandibular molars and its subsequent restoration. Case Report: CASE-1: Hemisection followed by combined PFM Crown 46,47. A 42 year old male reported with the complaint of pain with right mandibular first molar. On clinical examination, the right mandibular first molar was sensitive to percussion and revealed no mobility. On radiographic examination; R/L was involving pulp and interradicular area with periapical lesion was present w.r.t 46 mesial and distal roots. The bony support of distal root was intact.After clinical and radiological evaluation further planned for hemisection for 46 tooth and RCT w.r.t. 47 followed by PFM crown. CASE-2: Hemisection with 36. A 65 year old male patient reported with chief complaint of food lodgement in left mandibular molar.on clinical examination, deep proximal caries was present, disto-lingual wall was missing & radiographic examination revealed R/L involving pulp & interradicular region.Further planned for hemisection for 36 for successful results.
Reg. No. 585
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Cryotherapy for vital pulp treatment: A case series of novel technique
Soumya Singhai
Hitkarni Dental College, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
Cryotherapy is derived from the Greek word kr ´yos, meaning “cold.” The goal of cryotherapy is to remove heat by reducing the temperature of the tissue. The application of cold to human tissue, decreases nerve conduction velocity and reduces hemorrhaging, edema, inflammation and postoperative pain. Prior to initiating vital pulp cryotherapy, a pre-treatment pulpal and periradicular diagnosis is needed. After obtaining current radiographs, objective pulpal and peri-radicular clinical sensibility testing is performed. Endodontic patients who present with a pre-treatment pulpal diagnosis of a normal pulp, reversible pulpitis or symptomatic irreversible pulpitis; along with the possibility of a pulp exposure resulting from caries excavation, are good candidates for pulp capping or a partial pulpectomy. After the exposed or indirect exposed pulp has been treated with sterile-water ice and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, it is covered with a bioceramic material. A light-cured glass ionomer is placed directly over the bioceramic pulp cap or partial pulpectomy. Next, a permanent restoration (composite) is placed and periapical radiographs are taken. The patient is placed on a two-week recall. In this presentation, a case series of pulp treatment is presented.
Reg. No. 586
Category: Original Research
Effect of various irrigation activation techniques on irrigant penetration in the apical third of curved canals: An in vitro study
Anjana Aleys Mathew, P. S. Pavitra
Sathyabama University Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Background: Disinfection is an integral part of root canal treatment along with cleaning and shaping. Biomechanical preparation creates sufficient space for the irrigants to reach the site of the bacteria within the canal. Effective delivery and activation techniques of the irrigant play a pivotal role to guarantee adequate quantity is delivered to the apex of the canal. Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the irrigant penetration in the apical third of moderately curved canals using a combination of contrast media and 3% NaOCl (44:55) with different irrigation activation techniques. Materials and Methods: 40 mesial roots of mandibular molars with a curvature of 10-20% were selected. All samples were standardized in length. A preoperative CBCT was taken. The patency established using #10 k ?le (Mani, Japan), followed by #15 and #20 k file to working lengthand instrumentation done with the rotary ?le system XP-ENDO shaper (#30/04) (FKG Swiss endo). Sodium hypochlorite (3%) irrigation done during instrumentation. The 4 groups were divided: Group A— side-vented needle, Group B— XP-ENDO Finisher (FKG Swiss endo) Group C- Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation device, and Group D— Eddy ultrasonic system. Iohexol dye along with NaOCl (45:55) activation was performed. Postoperative CBCT was taken, and the measurement from the apical foramen to the point where the dye had not penetrated apically for each tooth was calculated. Statistical Analysis: The sample size estimated to be 40 (10 per group) using G*Power software (3.1.9.3). Results: Results will be cross-tabulated to examine the independence between variables. Results, discussion, and conclusion will be presented.
Reg. No. 588
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of post endodontic pain in posterior teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis following intracanal irrigation with sodium hypochlorite at different temperatures
Gazala Ameen, Harmanjot Maangat
Dr. HSJ Dental College, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
Introduction: The management of pain, both during and after root canal therapy, is one of the most important aspects of endodontic practice. Postoperative pain is considered an undesirable complication of endodontic treatment. Cryotherapy is a new therapeutic alternative for pain management and postoperative care in sports medicine and general surgery. It minimizes pain by lowering the tissue temperature. It is being actively investigated in the field of dentistry especially in endodontics. Aim: To evaluate and compare the effects of intracanal sodium hypochlorite irrigation at different temperatures on postoperative pain after root canal treatment in posterior teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. Materials and Methods: 51 patients with the diagnosis of symptomatic irreversible pulpitis were selected according to inclusion criteria, and baseline score was recorded. They were then randomly divided into three groups (n = 17): Group A: Normal Room temperature NaOCl (24 °C), Group B: Cryotreated NaOCl (2-4 °C), and Group C: Warm NaOCl (45 °C) which received 20 ml of the respective irrigant for 5 minutes.The final irrigation was done with saline. A routine single-visit root canal treatment procedure was performed, and each patient received questionnaire containing VAS to score the pain intensity felt after 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h. The recall visit was scheduled after three days to return the questionnaire and undergo a clinical assessment. Statistical Analysis: The study is near completion and the data will be analysed in near future. Results: The results will be updated as soon as they are available. Conclusion: Will be updated.
Reg. No. 591
Category: Original Research
Wasting diseases – A dental neglect
K. Sandeep
SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Introduction: Wasting diseases (Attrition, Abfraction, Abrasion and Erosion) are characterized by a slow and irreversible loss of mineralized tooth structure. The aetiology of these wasting diseases is unknown and controversial. However, the scientific evidence supporting the multifactorial aetiology is insufficient. Hence the aim of the present study was to collect and analyse the data for identifying the etiological risk factors contributing to the causation of such wasting diseases. Methodology: Patients reporting to the Department Of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SRM Dental College, Chennai were routinely screened for evaluating the presence of wasting diseases. A total of 250 patients with one or more lesions with wasting disease were included in this study. A set of 30 variables evaluating the subjective symptoms and objective signs from these patients were analysed. Results: Based on the patient responses, the etiological risk factors which act as progenitors inducing such wasting diseases includes age, Gastroesophageal reflux disease, type of snacking, oral hygiene status, brushing motion, presence of gingival recession or periodontitis, tooth type and teeth which are in occlusion with prosthesis. Further the frequency, extent, aggrevating factors and relieving factors have been assessed and their correlation to the wasting diseases were analysed. The awareness amongst patients on the prevalence and management of these wasting diseases is minimal. Conclusion: The early detection of these predisposing factors and the habitual modification coupled with the effective management of the wasting diseases can maintain the structural integrity of the teeth and minimises the loss of teeth at an early stage.
Reg. No. 593
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Esthetic enhancement of discolored non-vital teeth – A conservative approach
Swetha Kannamparambil
Government Dental College and Hospital, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
Context: The anterior teeth are an integral part of facial aesthetics and are involved in complex social, cultural and psychological interactions. Non-vital bleaching is a conservative technique to treat the intrinsic discoloration of non-vital teeth of several etiologies. Various methods to bleach non-vital teeth have been proposed. Three techniques were described through the literature: the walking bleach technique, the inside/outside bleach technique and the in-office bleaching procedure. The most recommended one is the walking bleach technique since it is simple, safe, with lower risks and suitable for patients and dentists. Aim: The aim of this case series is to demonstrate successful aesthetic rehabilitation by non-vital bleaching technique in maxillary anterior teeth. Materials and Methods: The affected teeth were isolated with rubber dam and root canal treatment was performed. Barrier space preparation was done 2 mm apical to the cemento-enamel junction. Glass ionomer cement was used as the barrier material. Mixture of sodium perborate and distilled was placed in the pulp chambers and sealed with adhesive temporary restorations. The patients were recalled every week to assess the bleaching results. The bleaching procedure was also repeated every week until desired results were achieved. Results: Discoloration of the affected teeth was completely removed, with successful enhancement of the teeth shades. Patients were highly satisfied with the aesthetic results. Conclusion: Non-vital bleaching is an economical, predictable, and non-invasive procedure, providing rather quick and good aesthetic results. Adequate procedural care should be taken to prevent any post-operative complications.
Reg. No. 594
Category: Original Research
Evaluation of marginal integrity of composite restoration by conventional and stamp technique using a split mouth design: A single blinded in vivo study
J. Jeena
SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Background: With the evolution of biomimetic dentistry and propagation of concepts of minimally invasive dentistry, the predictability of composite restorations has been on rise. Achieving cusp fossa relationship with opposing teeth and creating occlusal harmony is a challenging procedure in posterior teeth requiring both operator's skill as well as precious clinical time. To enable proper occlusal anatomy at lesser clinical time, stamp technique was introduced. The foremost reason for composite failure is due to the formation of marginal gaps causing bacterial leakage at the resin tooth interface, leading to discoloration, postoperative sensitivity, and ultimately restoration loss. Though few studies have evaluated the clinical performance of stamp technique, marginal integrity between the restoration and cavosurface margin by this technique is not yet quantified. Aim: To evaluate and compare the marginal integrity of class I composite restorations in mandibular molars done by conventional and stamp technique. Materials and Methods: A total of 24 patients with class I caries involving the occlusal surface of mandibular molars on both sides of arch without cavitation will be recruited for the study and randomly divided into two groups based on the restoration technique. Group 1: Conventional layering technique, Group 2: Stamp technique. Pre- and post-operative polyether impression will be taken and epoxy resin replica will be made and evaluated under SEM for marginal integrity. Quantification of marginal gap will be assessed using Image J software. Results: Results will be tabulated and statistically analysed.
Reg. No. 595
Category: Original Research
Music therapy for reduction of dental anxiety in the patients undergoing symptomatic endodontic procedures – An in vivo study
Gokul Gunasekaran1,2
1KLE Society's Institute of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 2SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Background: Dental anxiety has been identified as a significant and common problem in patients with pain that causes an obstacle for endodontists during endodontic treatment. Methods to effectively reduce anxiety include pharmacological interventions, which may have side effects. Alternative, supplementary approaches like music therapy is an effective and non-invasive intervention which can decrease the anxiety levels to a large extent. Aim: To evaluate the effect of 'patient preferred music intervention' on patients with dental anxiety before and during the endodontic procedures in vivo. Methodology: A well-ventilated room will be used for 24 patients under treatment. The patient will be seated comfortably on the dental chair. Physiological (BP, HR, PR and FT) and psychological measurements (STAI) will be assessed before the start of the treatment for the evaluation of the dental anxiety scores and to assess the patient's behaviour towards the treatment. Patients will be randomly allotted to three groups: free style music, music in headphones or without music intervention. After thorough examination of the patient, the patient-preferred music will be played (Freestyle or headphones) and the volume will be adjusted according to the patient's choice on the music system and will be played throughout the root canal treatment. The administration of local anaesthesia will be done, RCT will be initiated under rubber dam isolation. The control group in the study will be treated similarly mentioned above but without any music intervention. Post treatment physiological and psychological STAI scores will then be recorded and statistically analysed. Results: Study in progress.
Reg. No. 596
Category: Original Research
Evaluation of bacterial contamination of bioceramic and non-bioceramic gutta percha cones before and after clinical use for 1 month, and the comparative analysis of disinfection of gutta percha cones using herbal irrigants – An in-vitro study
Harshata Tirtalli Sathish
KLE V. K. Institute of Dental Sciences, Belgaum, Karnataka, India
Materials and Methods: This in vitro study will be done using 48 Gutta Percha cones. 12 Bioceramic Gutta Percha cones and 12 Non-Bioceramic Gutta Percha points of size Medium, will be collected from freshly opened boxes. In the similar way, 24 cones will be collected from boxes in clinical use for 1 month. These cones will be divided into four groups of 12 gutta percha each, as mentioned above, namely, Group A, B, C and D. Group C and D will be further divided into 3 groups based on the disinfecting solution used, i.e, Sodium Hypochlorite, Calendula Officinalis and Thymus Vulgaris. The Gutta percha points will be cultured using brain-heart infusion broth and Mac Conkeys blood agar, and evaluated for Colony Forming Units, before and after disinfection. Statistical Analysis: The complete data will be compiled and appropriate statistical analysis will be applied. Results and Conclusion: This is an ongoing study, result and conclusion are in progress.
Reg. No. 597
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Endodontic management of the trouble curve: A case series
Aarti Pathak
Government Dental College, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
Context: Dilacerations or curved canals are developmental anomalies, characterized by an abrupt deviation in the longitudinal axis of the tooth. Common causes of treatment failures in such cases are primarily related to procedural errors such as ledges, fractured instruments, canal blockages, zip and elbow creations. A detailed and thorough assessment of preoperative radiographs along with a careful approach yielded into a safe and a successful endodontic treatment of such teeth. This case series describes successful endodontic management of dilacerated teeth. Aim: The aim of the present case series is successful endodontic management of teeth with dilacerated roots. Materials and Methods: After access, initial inspection of the root canal was done with K-file no.8 & 10, and then. Gates Glidden (GG) drills were used sequentially. After this pathfinder stainless steel file of intermediate sizes, i.e., no. 13, no. 16, and no. 19, were used and the canals were further enlarged up to #15, #20,#25 size. Final radicular preparation was carried out using Neoendo Flex files up to 4% taper 25 size of the instrument. After biomechanical preparation, obturation was done with 25 size 4% taper gutta-percha along with AH Plus sealer. The post obturation restoration was done using amalgam. Results: The root canal was adequately filled and patient was asymptomatic after the treatment. Conclusion: BY understanding the complex and varied root canal morphology and its anatomy and choosing a suitable canal preparation technique more suited for such morphology, will contribute to successful root canal treatment.
Reg. No. 599
Category: Original Research
Effect of three different irrigating solutions on heat treated nickel-titanium endodontic rotary instruments – An in vitro study
Prathamesh Sunil Galkar
SMBT Dental College, Sangamner, Maharashtra, India
Aim: The present study is aimed at individually evaluate and compare the effect of the corrosion susceptibility of an Ni-Ti endodontic instruments immersed in 3% NaOCl, 17% EDTA and triphala both by visual inspection and by scanning electron microscopy.us. Materials and Methods: A total of 90 new rotary files were used in this study, and each selected file was 21 mm in length, with an ISO #25 tip size. Each file was selected. File immersion in 3%NaOCl, 17% EDTA and triphala was terminated at three time points, namely 20 min, 45 min and 1 h. After examining the files at each time point, three files were taken out of each microtube and prepared for further analysis. Evaluation by scanning electron microscopy after being immersed in 3% NaOCl, 17% EDTA and triphala for each experimental period, each file was taken out of the microtube, and rinsed in distilled water twice, and allowed to air-dry at room temperature overnight. Statistical Analysis: Statistical analysis will be performed using Statistical package for local sciences. (SPSS) version 21 for windows. Data normality will be checked by using Shapiro – Wilk test. Overall intergroup comparison among three groups will be done using One-way Anova 'F' test followed by Tukey's post hoc test for pairwise intergroup comparison between each groups. Results: Ongoing. Conclusion: Ongoing.
Reg. No. 600
Category: Original Research
Effectiveness of air sonics and ultrasonics sealer placement technique on depth of penetration of sealer: An in vitro study
K. Ravalika, Deveneni Pundarikakshaiah
Panineeya Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Secunderabad, Telangana, India
Aim: The aim of this study is to compare and evaluate the effectiveness of air sonics and ultrasonics sealer placement technique on depth of penetration of sealer. Materials and Methods: A total of 30 single rooted teeth will be taken.Teeth will be decoronated and working length will be determined.Root canals will be instrumented using Pro taper universal file system to a size of f4 and will be divided into three groups (n=10) randomly according to the sealer placement technique: Group 1 – lentulo spiral, Group 2 – ultrasonic endodontic tip, Group 3 – air sonics (PATS Vario) using Rhodamine B labelled AH Plus sealer. Canals will be obturated using gutta percha and teeth sealed using cavit.Horizontal sections will be done at 3 and 6-mm levels from apical foramen and two-millimeter-thick samples will be submitted to confocal laser microscopy. Analysis will be done and results will be obtained for depth of penetration of selaer.
Reg. No. 601
Category: Original Research
Unrevealing the mystery for successful outcome
Maninder Kaur
National Dental College and Hospital, Dera Bassi, Punjab, India
Background: Success of root canal treatment depends primarily on the awareness of roots and their anatomy for correct diagnosis and to prevent errors. Unrecognition of these variations may alter the success of endodontic treatment. Thus, it become necessary to identify them beforehand. A major anatomical variant of mandibular first molar is presence of an extra root or entomolaris with global prevalence of 0.7%-33.1%. Aim: The aim of the present study is evaluate the frequency of supernumerary root in permanent mandibular first molar in Malwa region population. Materials and Methods: A total of 1500 patients who reported in AIDSR in the department of oral medicine and radiology for dental treatment till date, who possessing mandibular first molar have been selected for this study. The orthopantomogram has been used to detect and record the incidence of three root in mandibular first molar. Results: The Prevalence of third root in mandibular first molar and the correlation between right and left side occurrence and between either gender have been recorded and result will be statistically analysed using Chi-square test after complete collection of data before presentation. Conclusion: The results is yet to be concluded as study is in further progression with the new patients to get the more authenticated outcome with increased number of outpatient record.
Reg. No. 602
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of efficiency of different endodontic file systems; ProTaper next, TruNatomy, I-RACE in terms of remaining dentin thickness: An in vitro CBCT analysis
Anju Retnakaran
Noorul Islam College of Dental Sciences, Pathamkallu, Kerala, India
Aim and Objectives of study: To compare the efficiency of different endodontic file systems; ProTaper next, TruNatomy, I-RACE in terms of remaining dentin thickness. Materials and Methods: 42 single-rooted mandibular first premolar teeth extracted for therapeutic reasons were selected and disinfected with hydrogen peroxide. The patency of all teeth was checked using a no 10 K file and the Decoronation of teeth done at 14 mm from the apex. Teeth were arranged on a wax rim and Pre CBCT taken and diameter at 3 mm and 6 mm from the apex is noted (D1). Cleaning and shaping were done in all groups (crown down technique up to 25 size files, recapitulation by No.15-K-File). Irrigation done by 3% Sodium Hypochlorite for 1 minute followed by 2 ml of 17%EDTA for 1 minute followed by 2 ml of 3% NaOCl and 2 ml of saline for 1 minute and post-CBCT was taken and diameter at 3 mm and 6 mm from the apex was noted (D2). Difference of D1 and D2 was taken at 3 mm and 6 mm from the apex, there by the remaining dentin thickness value was determined. Statistical Analysis: For comparison between groups, taking all three groups together one way ANOVA method was used followed by post-hoc method. Results and Conclusion: TruNatomy files show better preservation of remaining dentin thickness over the other file systems used in the study.
Reg. No. 604
Category: Original Research
The mighty 'C's – a turn up!?
R. Raga Nivedha
Madha Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Calcium-silicate cements are becoming an invaluable addition to the material armamentarium in the field of conservative dentistry and endodontics due to their diverse applications owing to its good sealing ability, biocompatibility, and osteo-conductivity. Despite the advantages, their cost is prohibitively high; besides, longer setting time and tooth staining are the other disadvantages. In an attempt to provide an economically viable material, we developed our own indigenous bioactive calcium-silicate cement with additives to enhance its bio activity. Aim: The aim of the study is to investigate the biocompatibility of an indigenous bio active calcium-silicate cement with Curcumin, a main constituent of Curcuma longa (Turmeric) and Cissus quadrangularis (Veld Grape) extracts as additives. Materials and Methods: The calcium-silicate cement samples were divided into 5 groups based on their composition. Group A (control) – MTA Angelus (Brazil), Group B- indigenous bioactive Calcium-silicate cement, Group C - indigenous bioactive Calcium-silicate cement with Turmeric extract, Group D – indigenous bioactive Calcium-silicate cement with Veld Grape extract, Group E – indigenous bioactive Calcium-silicate cement with both Turmeric and Veld Grape extracts. MTT assay, measuring the number of in-vitro living cells was conducted for the groups on fibroblasts. Results and Conclusion: The study is still in progress.
Reg. No. 605
Category: Original Research
Evaluation of canal shaping ability of different Ni-Ti file systems – An in vitro study
Deveneni Pundarikakshaiah
Panineeya Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Secunderabad, Telangana, India
Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the canal shaping ability of different Ni-Ti file systems with varying cross-sections. Materials and Methods: Forty single rooted premolars confirmed with a pre-operative CBCT are taken for this study. These specimens will be divided into four experimental groups. Group 1: Jizai Ni-Ti files, Group 2: Neo Endo flex, Group 3: M-two, Group 4: Neo Endo Hybrid. Cleaning and shaping of all the specimens are performed based on these experimental groups. The post-operative specimens are scanned using CBCT imaging and evaluated using dedicated software. Change in canal area, canal volume and untouched canal surface are calculated, statistically analysed and results will be obtained.
Reg. No. 606
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of smear layer removal in root canals using canal brush, Navitip FX and Sonic activation – A SEM study
R. Naveenkumar
Rajas Dental College, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India
Introduction: Proper cleaning and shaping and disinfection of the root canal space is essential for enhancing the outcome of endodontic treatment. Cleaning and shaping either it be performed with hand files or rotary files produces an amorphous layer in the root canal space consisting of organic and inorganic debris referred as smear layer. The smear layer would interfere with action of intracanal medicaments and also sealer penetration. Removal of smear layer increases the endodontic treatment outcome. Aim: To find the efficacy of two mechanical cleansing devices; activation systems in the removal of smear layer from the walls of the root canal. Materials and Methods: Nineteen extracted human single rooted premolars were used in the study. The specimens were prepared upto size #F4 ProTaper gold system and randomly divided into 5 groups. Group A: positive control (EDTA), Group B: mechanical cleansing using canal brush after irrigation with NaOCl, Group C: Irrigation with NaviTip FX, Group D: EndoActivator, Group E: Normal saline [negative control]. Scanning elctron microscopic analysis of the specimen was done. Statistical analysis was performed with chi square test. Results: There was no statistical significance in the apical third scores among all groups while NaviTip FX had lower score in apical third. Conclusion: NaviTip FX had better removal of smear layer than that of the other groups.
Reg. No. 608
Category: Original Research
Comparitive evaluation of fluoride release, recharge potential and microleakage of novel and traditional restorative materials – An in vitro study
Jasneel Singh Grover
Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Amritsar, Punjab, India
Background: One of the most important property of any restorative material is its anticariogenic effect which has been attributed mainly due to presence of fluoride. Since a number of upcoming materials are fluoride releasing, it is important to check that the material maintains a continuous level of fluoride and resists microleakage. Aim: To evaluate fluoride release, recharge potential and microleakage of novel and traditional restorative materials. Materials and Methods: For this study, five fluoride releasing restorative materials (n=10) (G1-Zirconomer; G2-GC Gold Label Hybrid; G3-Tetric N Prime; G4{+ve control}- Ketac Molar and G5 {-ve control}- Te Econom Plus) were selected and evalauted for two parameters, microleakage and fluoride release including recharge potential. For microleakage, standard class V cavities were prepared on maxillary premolars with coronal margin in the enamel and were restored with respective restorative material. Teeth were then thermocycled, immersed in methylene blue dye, sectioned longitudinally and analyzed for microleakage under stereomicroscope. Fluoride release was checked by preparing the samples using silicon moulds of 3 x 3 mm followed by transferring the set specimens into deionised water. The samples were evaluated for fluoride release using ion Selective Electrode coupled with a benchtop analyser at 1st, 7th and 15th day. After 15 days, the specimens were further handbrushed with a fluoride containing dentifrice (CLINPRO-3M) and were suspended in plastic bottles containing 10 ml of deionized water and incubated at 37°C for 24 h and were be rechecked for fluoride release at similar time intervals. Results: Results are awaited and will be subjected to statistical analysis.
Reg. No. 611
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Importance of CBCT in endodontic management of mandibular premolars with variable anatomy: A case series
Srishti Jain
Rishiraj College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
Mandibular premolars are one of the most challenging teeth to treat endodontically due to comparatively wide variations in root canal morphology, number and shape of the roots and root canals than other teeth. These variations are the most and common reason for endodontic flare-ups and failures during root canal therapy. Conventional periapical radiograph is a 2- Dimensional investigation and does not give complete and thorough information about root canals anatomy. The root canal morphology in premolars is more difficult than it appears on simple radiographs. The use of CBCT in is beneficial as it provides with 3-D non invasive images and complete morphological complex anatomy details. This paper presents a Case series of patients with complex anatomy in the mandibular premolars, in which CBCT helped identify the roots and root canals endodontically manage the same.
Reg. No. 612
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of pull out bond strength of fibre post to root dentin pretreated with two synthetic and two natural antioxidants: An in-vitro study
Rohini Sarang Ingale
Vasantdada Patil Dental College and Hospital, Sangli, Maharashtra, India
Aim: To compare and evaluate pull out bond strength of fibre post to root dentin pretreated with two synthetic and two natural antioxidants Methodology: This in-vitro study will be done using 20 single rooted mandibular premolars extracted for orthodontic purpose. Root canal treatment will be done using Protaper universal files and obturation will be done. Then, post space will be prepared using peeso reamers, retaining 5 mm of apical gutta percha. Then samples will be randomly divided into 4 groups based on pretreatment of root dentin namely group I- 2% Chlorhexidine gluconate, group II -10% sodium ascorbate, group III- 6.5% proanthocyanidine and group IV- 0.05% epigalocatechin-3-gallate. The root dentin will be irrigated with respective experimental solutions & then the fiber post will be luted. After 24 hrs, Pull out bond strength will be evaluated using a Universal testing machine. Statistical Analysis: The complete data will be compiled & appropriate statistical analysis will be applied. Results and Conculsion: This is an ongoing study, result & conclusion are in progress.
Reg. No. 613
Category: Original Research
Effect of acid etching on shear bond strength of GIC to composite resin
Mintu Maria Joseph
AME'S Dental College and Hospital, Raichur, Karnataka, India
Background: The “sandwich” technique is one of the most recommended procedure in which two different restorative materials are used with the best physical-mechanical and esthetic properties. Although enamel and dentin pre-treatment before the application of bonding systems and restorative materials is well established in the literature, the need for GIC surface treatment before the placement of composite resin in sandwich restorations still remains debatable. So this study will access the effect of acid etching of GIC to composite. Aim: This study aims to evaluate the effect of acid etching on shear bond strength of etched and non etched GIC to composite resin. Materials and Methods: Cavities have been prepared on occlusal surfaces of 45 human permanent maxillary premolars and restored as follows: Group 1- GIC with acid etching will be placed under composite, Group 2- GIC without acid etching will be placed under composite, Group 3- Composite directly bonded to the teeth. Then the samples will be send for shear bond strength evaluation after the completion of study. Statistical Analysis: Samples will be analyzed using the ANOVA test. Results: Study is under progress. Conclusion: Study is under progress.
Reg. No. 615
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of various dentinal tubule sealing protocols for intracoronal bleaching: An in vitro study
Sayantani Saha
Guru Nanak Institute of Dental Science and Research, Khardaha, West Bengal, India
Context: Many clinical reports and histological studies have shown that intracoronal bleaching may induce external cervical root resorption. This is probably due to the diffusion of bleaching agents through unprotected dentinal tubules leading to resorptive changes in periodontium. This process is enhanced in presence of bacteria. Hence application of proper intracoronal barrier is necessary for intracoronal bleaching procedures. Aim: To evaluate the bacterial microleakage by various dentinal tubule sealing protocols with traditionally used coronal intraorifice barriers. Materials and Methods: Root canal procedure of freshly extracted teeth will be done followed by removal of 2 mm of gutta percha coronally. Coronal part of the canal will be cleaned and irrigated. The samples will be divided into 3 groups. Group1: self etch bonding agent will be applied onto the dentinal tubules. Group 2: canal wall will be irradiated with 980 nm diode laser. Group 3: no treatment of the canal wall. The canal orifice will be sealed with biodentin and allowed to set. The bleaching agent will then be applied 3 times at 72 hour interval. After the procedure, bacterial microleakage test will be performed. Statistical Analysis: Data analysis will be done using Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Mann-Whitney U test by standard and appropriate ways. Results and Conclusion: Results awaited.
Reg. No. 616
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Non-surgical healing of a periapical lesion and apexification with MTA
Manika Gautam
Rishiraj College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
Introduction: The main aim of endodontic treatment is to return the involved teeth to a healthy state and function without surgical intervention. The mere surgical removal of lesions of pulpal origin without removing the causes through proper root canal cleaning, shaping and obturation, will not result in the healing of the periradicular tissues. Therefore, removal of microbiological etiology with nonsurgical root canal treatment is of significance to regress the mechanism of apoptosis and this can be a challenge for clinicians in case of periapical lesions. This case paper presents the use of various medicaments to eliminate bacteria, reduce periapical inflammation and healing with the aid of triple antibiotic paste and Mineral trioxide Aggregate.
Reg. No. 617
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Endodontic management of developmental anomalies – Taurodontism, fusion and radix entomolaris
Geetam Uttam Duduskar
Government Dental College and Hospital, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
Background: The causes of developmental anomalies of teeth are due to abnormalities during tooth formation, trauma to the bud stage of tooth, unknown alterations of dental sac, papilla and HERS, etc. These anomalies are challenge to clinicians during endodontic treatment and requires special skills. Taurodontism is a rare dental anomaly in which involved tooth has an enlarged and elongated body and pulp chamber with apical displacement of pulpal floor. Fusion is a rare developmental anomaly that is described as a union of two independently developing primary or secondary teeth. It can be either partial or complete. Mandibular molars may sometimes have an additional root located lingually (the radix entomolaris) or buccally (the radix paramolaris). Ifsuch anomalies are encountered, awareness and understanding the tooth and its root canal morphology, assessment by radiographs and CBCT leads to successful outcome of root canal treatment. Aim: The present article represents endodontic management of developmental anomalies – Taurodontism, Fusion and Radix Entomolaris. Materials and Methods: Presenting a case series where all patients reported with pain either in upper molar (taurodontism) or lateral incisor (fusion) or lower molar (Radix) respectively. Clinical examination, IOPA & CBCT were done and diagnosis were made. Results: Successful endodontic treatment of all three respective teeth was done. Conclusion: In these cases radiographs & CBCT are of utmost importance for diagnosis. Complete knowledge of such morphologies, effective cleaning and shaping and obturation leads to successful endodontic management.
Reg. No. 618
Category: Original Research
A comparative evaluation of effect of oxygen inhibition layer on the color stability of composite restoration exposed to different beverages – An in-vitro study
Lavanshi Mishra
College of Dental Science and Hospital, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of oxygen inhibition layer on the color stability of composite restoration. Materials and Methods: Disc shaped Stainless steel mould of 6 mm diameter and 2 mm depth were used to prepare the specimens of nanohybrid composite (N=80). All the samples were divided into 4 groups depending upon the application of protective layer that is USG gel, GC coat, Inox oxygen inhibitor and control group. Protective layer was applied with the help of applicator brush followed by light curing for 40 seconds. All the group were further divided into subgroups depending upon beverages in which they were immersed that is tea, coffee, green tea and green tea with lemon. They were immersed in their respective beverages for 28 days and solution was changed everyday. After 28 days, specimens were rinsed with distilled water for 2 minutes, followed by 12 hour in a desiccator chamber. Later all the specimens (N =80) will be assessed for discoloration using spectrophotometer. Stastical Analysis: The collected data will then be subjected for statistical analysis. Results and Conclusion: Awaited.
Reg. No. 619
Category: Original Research
Evaluation of sealing ability of two different orthograde root end filling material: An in-vitro study
Isha Shringi
College of Dental Science and Hospital, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
Aim: The purpose of this invitro study is to evaluate and compare the sealing ability of two different orthograde materials in resected roots using stereomicroscopic method. Materials and Methods: 78 extracted single-rooted human permanent teeth were cleaned, shaped and obturated with two different materials. The samples were randomly divided into 3 equal groups i.e 2 experimental (group A & group B) and 1 control group. In group A and B, 6 mm of eMTA and ProRoot MTA were placed in an orthograde manner then these 2 experimental group were again be divided into 2 equal subgroups (subgroup 1 & subgroup 2) according to the type of bur used to resect the 3 mm of apices of all samples of all individual group (i.e subgroup 1 carbide bur & subgroup 2 Lindemann bur). In the control group the apical 3 mm of each sample were resected and the root end prepared with ultrasonic tips to depth of 3 mm, then filled with MTA. Then the experimental and control group were compared by examining the samples of the respective group under a stereomicroscope and the resected root surfaces were evaluated for the presence of microcracks on microphotographs. Statistical Analysis: The collected data will then be subjected for statistical analysis. Results and Conclusion: Awaited.
Reg. No. 620
Category: Original Research
A comparative evaluation of the canal centering ability and apical transportation during root canal preparation using four different Ni Ti single file systems – A CBCT analysis
Sonam Patidar
College of Dental Science and Hospital, Indore, Madhya Pradesh
Context: In vitro study. Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the canal centering ability and apical transportation of root canals during preparation with single file system (2 Reciprocating and 2 Rotational). Materials and Methods: 40 extracted human mandibular molar teeth were selected for this study, Access opening was done using no. 2 round carbide bur (SS white) and Endo Z bur (Dentsply Maillefer) Working length was established by inserting #10k-Files into each canal until it is visualised in the apical foramina. The teeth were hemisected with the distal halves being removed using a double sided diamond disc. The mesial halves were mounted parallel to each other in an arch of modelling wax upto the level of cementoenamel junction. A preoperative CBCT scan of the mesial root were taken to obtain three axial slices at (2 mm, 3 mm, & 4 mm) in from the apex. The samples were then be divided into four groups based on the different Ni-Ti single file system used. Group A:WaveOne Gold (n=10), Group B:Reciproc Blue (n=10), Group C:One Curve (n=10), Group D:Protaper Next (n=10). After instrumentation all sample were scanned, three dimensional CBCT images was obtained from mesiodistal and buccolingual diameters and were recorded at 2, 3 and 4 mm from the apex. Scanned images were then be assessed to determined canal centering ability and apical transportation.
Results and Stastical Analysis: Awaited. Conclusion: Awaited.
Reg. No. 623
Category: Original Research
Shine through the Caffeine
V. S. Roja Raj
Sri Balaji Dental College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
Background: Bleaching is a simple method to treat discolouration of teeth. Apart from brightening the tooth colour, it has also been known to alter the enamel matrix because of the strong oxidizing effect of hydrogen peroxide and can cause significant mineral loss. It also causes porosity of enamel surface and thereby increasing its stain susceptibility. Remineralising treatment is well recognized and received lot of attention by both clinician and researchers. Aim: This study aims to evaluate the stain absorption on freshly bleached enamel surface of extracted human teeth with varied surface treatment. The stain absorption has been evaluated at the end of one hour, 24 hours and 48 hours post bleaching. Materials and Methods: 50 freshly extracted human Permanent Maxillary Premolars extracted for orthodontic therapeutic purpose have been subjected to bleaching with 35% Hydrogen peroxide as per the manufacturer instructions. Samples have been divided into five groups (n=10). Group I- Control group (Unbleached). Group II- Samples immersed in coffee solution after bleaching without surface treatment. Group III, IV and V- Samples immersed in coffee solution after bleaching with surface treatment of Dente 91, Colgate Visible White and CPP-ACP respectively. A Spectrophotometer has been used for colour analysis. Statistical Analysis: The results will be analysed statistically by ANOVA test after completion of study. Results: There might be significant changes noticed amongst the experimental groups. Conclusions: The study is still under progress.
Reg. No. 624
Category: Original Research
Antimicrobial efficacy of Artocarpus heterophyllus (jackfruit), Azadirachta indica (neem), Morinda citrifolia (noni), Moringa oleifera (drumstick), against endodontic pathogens: An in-vitro study
A. Joan Pushpa
Rajas Dental College, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India
Context: Plant products are important in disease prevention and treatment through antioxidant activity and inhibition of bacterial growth. Latex of Artocarpus heterophyllus include antioxidant, antibacterial effects and healing abscesses. Azadirachta indica is a potential agent for rootcanal irrigation due to antibacterial, anti candidial activity. Morinda citrifolia removes the smear layer and has wide antimicrobial activity. The antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti inflammatory effects of Moringa oleifera has potential of eliminating caries causing biofilm. Aim: To determine the antimicrobial efficacy of Artocarpus heterophyllus, Azadirachta indica, Morinda citrifolia, Moringa oleifera against Enterococcus faecalis, Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans. Materials and Methods: Extract of Artocarpus heterophyllus, Azadirachta indica, Morinda citrifolia, Moringa oleifera were collected and stored. Pure cultures were inoculated into agar plate and sub cultured at 370c for 24 hrs. Inoculum was prepared and cell density adjusted. After incubation, diameter of growth inhibition zones were measured. Statistical Analysis: Data were analyzed using Microsoft excel SPSS software. One way ANOVA with Bonferroni test was used for statistical analysis. Results: The extract of Azadirachta indica, Morinda citrifolia, Moringa oleifera were more effective against endodontic pathogen. Conclusion: The extract of Azadirachta indica, Morinda citrifolia, Moringa oleifera is an effective antimicrobial against endodontic pathogens and may serve as a future antimicrobial agent. However further studies is required to explore the maximum potential of these extracts.
Reg. No. 625
Category: Original Research
Cytoxicity evaluation of ethanolic and aqueous extract of Morinda citrifolia on human fibroblasts cells
J. S. Beautlin
Rajas Dental College, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India
Introduction: Root canal irrigation is regarded as the most important part of endodontic treatment, in particular for the eradication of root canal microbes. Various herbal extracts are used for endodontic irrigation. Among herbal irrigants Morinda citrifolia (noni) is found to have greater antimicrobial activity. The present study is to evaluate the cytoxicity of ethanolic and aqueous extract of Morinda citrifolia fruit on human dermal fibroblasts cells. Aim: To evaluate cytotoxicity of ethanolic and aqueous extract of Morinda citrifolia on human dermal fibroblasts cells. Materials and Methods: Ethanolic and aqueous extract is prepared from fresh fruits of Morinda citrifolia. Human dermal fibroblasts cells are seeded in 96 multi-well tissue plate and appropriate concenteration (10, 25, 50, 100 μg/ml) of both extracts, 2.5% sodium hypochlorite are placed for 24 hrs. The percentage of viability of cell lines is calculated using MTT Assay. Results: At the highest concentration of 100 ug/ml, aqueous and ethanolic extract showed the % cell viability values of 83.81 ug/ml and 67.35 ug/ml respectively. 2.5% sodium hypochlorite also showed reduction in viability of human dermal fibroblasts cells. Conclusion: MTT assay results suggest that the Aqueous, Ethanolic extracts, sodium hypochlorite are non-cytotoxic in nature on human dermal fibroblast cells. Ethanolic extract is moderately toxic than the Aqueous extract of Morinda citrifolia.
Reg. No. 627
Category: Original Research
Comparative study of microtensile bond strength after surface modification subsequent to immediate dentin sealing using filled and lightly filled adhesive systems in indirect restorations: An in-vitro study
P. Nikhisha
Faculty of Dental Sciences-RUAS, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
The advancements in the ceramics and adhesive systems have favored the treatment outcomes of indirect restorations. Cavity preparation for indirect restorations leaves a cut dentinal surface, which is vulnerable to bacterial microleakage, various stimuli/procedures which alters the substrate for bonding. IDS consists of applying the DBA immediately after tooth preparation, hence avoiding its contamination. There are various practical advantages of IDS such as diminished bacterial contamination, prevention of collapse of hybrid layer, development of stress-free dentin bonds and improved marginal integrity. Literature reports higher bond strengths of indirect restorations when IDS is performed. Various methods such as air abrasion, scrubbing with pumice, acid etchant or coarse diamond point are employed to condition IDS substrate, as constituents of the provisional restoration seep in to the sealed substrate. This may hamper the bond strength of final restoration. The study will be conducted on extracted human premolar teeth. A putty index will be taken for provisionalisation. A class 2 inlay cavity will be prepared on all specimens. The specimens will be randomly distributed to three groups for IDS: Optibond FL; ClearFill SE 2; Prime and Bond Elect. Temporization of the cavity will be done, followed by storage in artificial saliva for 1 week at 37°C. IDS surface will be subjected to two different surface modification procedures. Spoon excavator + Diamond point with low-speed handpiece and Spoon excavator + Air polisher. The composite inlays will be then cemented to the inlay cavity using self-adhesive cement. For the microtensile bond strength, dentin-restoration sticks with a cross-sectional area of approximately 0.9 mm2 will be prepared and subjected to universal testing machine. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to evaluate the microtensile bond strength of two different methods of surface modification on immediately sealed dentin using lightly filled and filled adhesive systems in indirect restorations. The results and conclusion of this study is yet to be determined.
Reg. No. 629
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Basic life support of pulp (vital pulp therapy)
Dundage Saraswati
M. S. Ramaiah Dental College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
Vitality of dental pulp is a key factor in the long-term prognosis of permanent teeth; in recent years, vital pulp therapy (VPT) has received significant consideration as it has been revealed that the inflamed pulp has the potential to heal. The vital pulp therapy is to preserve vital, healthy pulp tissue. This therapy's foundation is the elimination of bacteria from the dentin-pulp complex. The treatment option depends on the cause and extent of mineralised tooth tissue destruction. The outcome of such treatment is determined by assessment of the pulp's status and the dentist's ability to predict the success of the therapy. A recent International Endodontic Journal Editorial suggested clinical diagnosis of pulp disease should be reassessed because of the poor correlation between clinical symptoms and pulp sensibility testing and the actual histological status of the pulp. The objective vital pulp therapy (VPT) is to preserve and maintain healthy pulp tissue that has been compromised by trauma, caries, or restorative procedures. This paper presents clinical case and vital pulp therapy approach by various Pulp capping agents.
Reg. No. 630
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of three different desensitizing toothpastes in reducing dentin hypersensitivity: A clinical study
Prashansa Maheshwari
Peoples Dental Academy, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
Background: Dentine hypersensitivity (DH) is characterized by short, sharp pain arising from the exposed dentine in response to stimuli, typically thermal, evaporative, tactile, osmotic, or chemical. There are two strategies to control the hydrodynamic mechanism of pain for managing DH. Agents that reduce fluid flow within the dentine tubules by occluding the tubules, and those that interrupt the neural response to the stimuli. Aim: To compare and evaluate the effectiveness of three different desensitizing toothpastes containing 5%potassium nitrate, strontium chloride 10%, and NovaMin in reducing dentin hypersensitivity. Materials and Methods: A 4-week study was conducted on 30 adult patients suffering from hypersensitivity associated with cervical abrasion of two or more teeth anterior to the molars. The teeth were randomly divided into three groups (n = 10). Patients were divided into three toothpaste groups as follows: Group I: 5%potassium nitrate, Group II: strontium chloride 10%, and Group III: NovaMin. Using tactile stimulus and air stimulus, the sensitivity scores were recorded using Visual Analog Scale (VAS) at baseline, immediately after application, after 1 week, after 2 weeks, and after 4 weeks. Statistical Analysis: The data will be tabulated in Microsoft Excel and analysed with SPSS V.24 statistical software.The variables will be expressed with mean and standard deviation. The comparison between the groups will be done using one way ANOVA followed by Tukey post hoc analysis. The p value = 0.05 will be considered as statistically significant. Results: The study is in progress. Conclusion: The study is in progress.
Reg. No. 632
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Management of discoloured teeth: A case series
M. Atul Bharath
Government Dental College, Kottayam, Kerala, India
Context: Discoloured tooth is a commonly encountered clinical problem in general dental practice. Combined effects of intrinsic and extrinsic colour determines the appearance of teeth. Discolouration of teeth, especially the anteriors, can result in considerable cosmetic impairment in a person. Aim: A wide variety of management options exist and any one in particular may be most appropriate given the clinical scenario. It is therefore essential that dentists are familiar with the range of options that exist. This paper presents case series of tooth discolouration which was successfully treated using in office vital bleaching, non vital walking bleach and porcelain veneers. This case series allows the better understanding of the concept of nonvital tooth bleaching with hydrogen peroxide which gives a non-invasive alternative for aesthetic purpose in preserving the natural tooth structure. Conclusion: Consider adopting minimally invasive techniques in the first instance before moving to more invasive therapies Among bleaching techniques, in office bleaching with hydrogen peroxide provide superior aesthetic result in short period of time with no adverse effects. Indirect restorative techniques can provide predictable ways of managing discoloured tooth, although they come with greater financial cost than direct techniques and greater biological cost in terms of reduction of tooth structure. Several management options may be required in combination to obtain satisfactory results in certain cases.
Reg. No. 633
Category: Original Research
Color variations after dehydration and rehydration in maxillary anterior teeth of two age groups: An in vivo study
G. Abhiraj
Thai Moogambigai Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Aim: To determine the effect of in vivo dehydration and rehydration on color variations in maxillary anteriors of younger and older individuals. Materials and Methods: Spectrophotometric shade of maxillary anteriors from younger (20 to30 years, n=20) and older (65 to 80 years, n=20) participants were assessed at baseline and after every 10 minutes for 30 minutes after rubber dam isolation (dehydration). Then teeth were allowed to rehydrate and shade values were assessed every 10 minutes for 30 minutes, after 24 hours, and after 48 hours. Data were collected as CIE L*a*b* color coordinates. Color differences (?E * ab) were evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed using One-way Anova with Tukey's HSD test. Results: In younger participants, after 10 minutes of dehydration, mean ?E * ab values of maxillary anteriors were above the acceptability threshold (AT). In older participants, mean ?E * ab values were above perceptibility threshold (PT) and below AT at20 minutes of dehydration, and above AT at 30 minutes of dehydration. After 48 hours of rehydration, mean ?E * ab values of participants in both age groups were below PT except for canines in younger participants. Conclusion: Dehydration of maxillary anterior teeth leads to color changes which can reverse after rehydration to below acceptability thresholds at 10 minutes in older individuals, after 24 hours in younger individuals, and below perceptibility thresholds in most teeth after 48 hours.
Reg. No. 634
Category: Original Research
Quantitative estimation of total protein and IgA levels in saliva and their relationship with dental caries in young adults
P. C. Sreelakshmi, P. G. Mahesh
Government Dental College, Kottayam, Kerala, India
Background and Objectives: Dental caries is a multifactorial disease caused by complex interactions among acid producing bacteria, fermentable carbohydrates and many host factors including saliva. Saliva contains a large number of proteins that aids in the protection of the oral tissues. Salivary IgA is a first line defence against bacterial invasion of the oral cavity. These are mainly involved in preventing microbial adherence to the tooth surface, neutralizing enzymes, toxins & viruses, by acting in synergy with other defence factors such as lysozyme & lactoferrin. The objectives of present study were to assess salivary total protein and IgA levels in caries free and caries active patients and to find out association between total protein and IgA levels in saliva, with dental caries. Materials and Methods: A total of forty young adults in the age of 18-25 yrs, were divided in to 2 groups based on DMFT index. Group I consisted of 20 patients who were caries free and Group II had 20 caries active patients. Unstimulated mid morning whole saliva was collected two hours after breakfast.The total protein level was estimated by biuret method and IgA level estimated using nephelometric technique. The result was statistically analysed by Mann–Whitney U-test and Fisher's exact test. Results: The results showed significant difference between groups in terms of total protein and IgA levels in saliva with and without dental caries. Caries active group showed a mean total protein of 19.1± 3.46 mg/d, which was significantly higher as compared to caries free group 13.07±2.27 mg/dl.
Reg. No. 635
Category: Original Research
Histological assessment and proliferative effect of PRF-Gold Nanoparticles on dental pulp stem cells
Sophia Saud
Faculty of Dental Sciences-RUAS, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
Context: Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) fibrin matrix contains platelets and leukocytes with growth factors and cytokines. PRF promotes proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, endothelial cells, chondrocytes, various sources of fibroblasts. Gold nanoparticles, are one of the most promising tools in nanomedicine, and are used for diagnosis and treatment of diseases due to unique biological and optical characteristics, high surface area, easy functionalization, and nanoscale size meets the dimension of biological compounds. Aim: To assess the effect PRF-AuNps on Dental Pulp Stem Cells. Materials and Methods: Source: Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells, Gold Nanoparticles, PRF Preparation of PRF-AuNps, Histological Assessment of PRF-AuNps, Assess proliferative effect of PRF-AuNps on Dental Pulp Stem Cells. Statistical Analysis: Inferential statistics will be used for this data. Results and Conclusion: Study in process, results to be concluded after completion.
Reg. No. 636
Category: Original Research
Evaluation of coronal strain before and after root canal treatment in lone standing mandibular molar teeth
S. Muralidaran
Thai Moogambigai Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Evaluation of in vivo coronal strain before and after root canal treatment in lone standing mandibular molar teeth – A pilot study Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the bite force and strain alterations in mandibular lone standing molar teeth requiring endodontic treatment. Methodology: 5 patients requiring root canal treatment in mandibular molars without proximal contacts and a diagnosis of irreversible pulpitis were selected. Strain gauges were bonded to the buccal aspect of the tooth and the strain was recorded preoperatively, after access opening, bio mechanical preparation, root filling, and composite core build-up. Strain values and bite force values were recorded at maximum intercuspation in test and contralateral intact mandibular molar which served as the control tooth. Results: The coronal microstrain values were higher in lonestanding mandibular molar teeth compared to the contralateral mandibular molar teeth. The strain values in lonestanding mandibular molar teeth increased after access cavity preparation and decreased to preoperative values after composite core build-up. Conclusion: Coronal microstrain in lonestanding mandibular molars increases with root canal treatment and decreases after core build-up.
Reg. No. 637
Category: Original Research
A comparative evaluation of biomimetic enamel remineralization potential on white spot lesions: An in-vitro study
Priyanka Mahajan
Babu Banarasi Das College of Dental Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Background: In the current era of dentistry, emphasis is being laid on caries interception at the earliest by non-invasive remineralization techniques for the white spot lesions rather than opting for invasive treatment modalities. AIM: To evaluate and compare the remineralization potential of four recent remineralizing agents on white spot lesions. Materials and Methods: Single rooted human premolars extracted due to periodontal reasons or during orthodontic treatment were used for this study. The teeth were decoronated at CEJ level. Samples were then mounted in auto-polymerization acrylic resin. All the groups were subjected to demineralization process to induce white spot lesions. A post demineralization vicker hardness test was performed followed by random allocation to the four groups. The four groups were namely Self-assembling peptide (P11-4), Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate fluoride (CPP-ACPF), Nano-hydroxyapatite and Sodium monofluoro phosphate. A post remineralization Vickers hardness test was conducted to evaluate the remineralization potential of tested agents. Statistical Analysis: An analysis of variance will be performed to determine the significant difference of Vickers microhardness at different stages of determination. Results: Results are awaited. Conclusion: The results will lead the clinicians to the best available contemporary remineralizing agent available for remineralization therapy and its implementation into the clinical practice.
Reg. No. 638
Category: Original Research
A comparative evaluation of volumetric analysis of three different root-end filling materials using CBCT – An in-vitro study
Aastha Kharya
College of Dental Science and Hospital, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate the volumetric changes of three different root-end filling materials using CBCT. Materials and Methods: Seventy five extracted single-rooted human permanent teeth were collected. Samples were de-coronated, root canals were cleaned, shaped and obturated using warm vertical compaction technique. Apical 3 mm of the teeth were resected to eliminate the anatomic complexities. Retrograde cavities of 3 mm depth were prepared and scanned using CBCT. Prepared samples were divided into 3 equal groups according to the root end filling material used (n=25). GROUP A- e-MTA, GROUP B- ProRoot MTA and GROUP C- MTA plus. The prepared root end cavities were filled with the above mentioned root-end filling materials according to their respective groups and scanned after 24 hours to evaluate their filling capacity. Next scan was performed after immersing the samples in distilled water for 7 days to assess the volumetric changes of the cements. Three scans were performed entirely for each sample. First scan- Pre fill, next two scans were done after filling the root end filling material. Second scan- after 24 hours, and third scan- was done after 7 days.
Stastical Analysis: The collected data will then be subjected for statistical analysis. Results and Conclusion: Awaited.
Reg. No. 640
Category: Original Research
Effectiveness of different techniques in removing nano calcium hydroxide paste from simulated internal root resorption cavities: An scanning electron microscopic study
Snehal Somnath Shinde
SMBT Dental College, Sangamner, Maharashtra, India
Aim: An in vitro evaluation of effectiveness of different techniques in removing nano- calcium hydroxide as an intracanal medicament from simulated internal resorptive cavities. Materials and Methods: 30 freshly extracted maxillary central incisors with a single canal will be selected. For sample standardization, the crowns will be partially removed to create a length of 19 mm. The canals will be accessed and instrumented with protaper universal file system. The roots then will be split in the bucco-lingual direction and the halves will be separated. Simulated IRR cavities will be created, in both halves of the roots, 5 mm from the apex with a spherical bur. The specimens will be reconstructed with cyanoacrylate glue and allocated into three groups: the groups will be divided according to the instrument used for irrigant agitation, namely: conventional syringe irrigation, EndoActivator, XP endo Finisher. The specimens will be cleaved and analysed using scanning electron microscopy, to compare the nano Ca (OH)2 remnants between them. Statistical Analysis: The data will be statistically compared by Kruskal–Wallis test, Mann–Whitney U test. Results: Awaited. Conclusion: Study in progress.
Reg. No. 641
Category: Original Research
An in vivo comparative evalvation of antibacterial efficacy of sodium hypochlorite, triphala and curcumin against e.faecalis in root canal disinfection
Sayali Kamat
SMBT Dental College, Sangamner, Maharashtra, India
Aim: The present study aimed to individually evaluate and compare the aerobic and anaerobic antibacterial efficacy of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), triphala and curcumin as root canal irrigants. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four patients were selected and randomly allocated to one of the three groups (n = 8 each) according to the irrigant to be used in each group. For each included tooth, the pre irrigation and post irrigation (after irrigation with the test solution) samples were collected through sterile paper points and microbial culturing was done by swabbing on blood agar plates followed by incubation for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Statistical Analysis: Manual colony-forming units counting were done, and statistical analysis was performed. Analysis of variance (one-way) followed by post hoc test was performed as a parametric test to compare the difference between the groups for both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Results: Awaited. Conclusion: The study is still in process.
Reg. No. 643
Category: Original Research
Stress distribution in external cervical resorption cavities with pulpal involvement and at different heights and circumferential spread restored with calcium silicate based cements – A finite element analysis
Mudita Manaktala, Vedika Talwar
ITS Dental College, Gaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
Context: External Cervical Resorption (ECR) is treated by restorative or endodontic approaches, however very few studies have been done evaluating its biomechanics. Aim: To evaluate stress distribution patterns in simulated endodontically treated external cervical resorption lesions restored with MTA and Biodentine using finite element analysis. Methodology: 3-D solid base model of Maxillary central incisor was generated. Four experimental models simulating ECR were designed based on dimensional classification given by Patel et al 2018, Model 1 (A70): 1Ap, Model 2 (A130): 1Bp, Model 3 (B70): 2Ap, Model 4 (B130): 2Bp. All the four models were tested twice for stress distribution by filling two test materials in the lesion i.e. M: MTA & B: Biodentine. Oblique load of 100 N was applied at 45°angle to the long axis 2 mm lingual to incisal edge after the elements were assigned their respective properties. Von Mises Stress distribution in enamel, dentine, restoration and at all the interfaces was observed. Results: Stress concentrations were depicted as color scale and numeric values obtained in MPa. For whole tooth, maximum stresses were observed around the restorations and subcrestal lesions showed more stress concentrations than supracrestal lesions, maximum being in B70. Stress concentrations of MTA were lesser than those of Biodentine. Stresses in Enamel and Dentine followed the same pattern. In restoration, A70 showed minimum stress concentration. Conclusion: Even though MTA was found slightly superior in all the test models, no major difference was found between both materials and the highest stresses obtained after repair with Biodentine and MTA were comparable to each other.
Reg. No. 644
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of novel chelating agents for retrievability of intracanal calcium hydroxide using different irrigation protocols
Mansi Behl, Jyoti Tyagi
ITS Dental College, Gaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
Context: After the deleterious effects of residual calcium hydroxide dressing have been established, an attempt of it's efficacious removal through a variety of irrigants and irrigation techniques have been employed in Endodontics. However, literature has received scarce evidence directed towards complete removal of calcium hydroxide dressing using currently tested chelating agents. Aim: To evaluate and compare the efficacy of glycolic acid, phytic acid, chitosan nanoparticles and EDTA for removal of intracanal calcium hydroxide dressing using needle and passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI). Materials and Methods: Seventy two mandibular premolars were decoronated and roots were prepared upto apical size 30. Calcium hydroxide paste was filled in the canals and samples were stored for 1 week after which they were irrigated using different irrigants and irrigation techniques. The residual calcium hydroxide was analysed on split surface of samples under stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscope. Statistical Analysis: The data was subjected to analysis using Mann Whitney U test (level of significance- 5%). Results: Removal of calcium hydroxide was maximum in Chitosan group followed by phytic acid group aided by passive ultrasonic irrigation and was minimum when glycolic acid or EDTA was used for needle irrigation, as observed under stereomicroscope. Removal of calcium hydroxide from the coronal third was maximum followed by middle and then apical third. Needle irrigation using EDTA and glycolic acid was least efficacious. Conclusion: Chitosan and Phytic acid can be used for better removal of calcium hydroxide dressing. The efficacy of intracanal dressing retrieval can be enhanced by passive ultrasonic activation.
Reg. No. 647
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of vita shade guide and various composite shades using spectrophotometer, DSLR and cellphone – An in vitro study
Aman Verma, Aishi Sinha
ITS Dental College, Gaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
Context: Shade matching in direct esthetic restoration is indispensible. Existing literature suggests the use of spectrophotometer for unimpeachable results but is not feasible in every setup. Whereas, cellphones and DSLRs are readily accessible. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the L*, a*and b* values of different composite shades and their corresponding VITA shade tabs using DSLR and cellphone and comparing their values with spectrophotometer. Materials and Methods: Three shades A3B, B1B and C2B were evaluated: Estelite SQuick, (Tokuyama, Japan), Beautiful II (Shofu, Germany) and Filtek Z350 XT (3M ESPE) along with their corresponding VITA (Vita Zahnfabrik) sshade tabs. Six samples of each shade from each manufacturer were made using moulds of shade tabs from VITA shade guide. These moulds were filled with composite (n=6), polymerized. After the data collection, ?E* for all the 3 parameters i.e Spectrophotometer, DSLR and cellphone was evaluated for each shade of all the manufacturers and were compared with the VITA shade tabs. Results: ?E for Spectrophotometer Vs Cellphone was significantly more. When the L* a* b* values of different shades of 3M captured using DSLR and Cellphone were compared, for shade A3, L* value was not statistically significant (p < 0.05). Similarly, when different shades of Shofu were compared, for shade A3, there was no statistical difference in L* and a* value (p < 0.05) and for shade C2, there was a non-significant difference in b* values (p < 0.05). Conclusion: This study showed that the use of cellphone for composite shade matching could be a reliable method.
Reg. No. 648
Category: Original Research
Thermal induced structural and morphological changes in different temperature
Meenakshi Dixit, Ankita
Career Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Context: There are certain unfortunate circumstances of fire accidents and cremation where teeth and bones are the only organ of the deceased body which can remain unburnt till 1000 degree centigrade. In those situation teeth and bones are the only remains which can help in personal identification, illegal disputes, and outlawed cases as teeth and restorations are unique to an individual. Aim: The aim of the present study to assess morphological and radiological appearances of teeth subjected to high temperature. Subjects and Methods: In vitro study was done on 20 teeth which is divided into four groups of 5 each. Group 1 was control group without any restoration, group 2 samples were restored with GIC, group 3 were restored with composite and group 4 were restored with Cention –N. A burnout furnace was used for heating the teeth. All samples were heated at 200, 400, 600, and 800 degree Celsius respectively. Teeth were examined morphologically and radiographically to examine changes occurring in them. Results: Morphologically discolorations, loss of marginal adaptation changes in shape and dimension of restorations was observed at various temperature. Also, radiolucent, fissures were observed in enamel and dentin in coronal part or root part fissures were observed at different temperature. Conclusion: Present study documented morphological and radiographical changes on high temperature.
Reg. No. 649
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of crack formation in different file system: An in-vitro study (SEM)
Priti D. Desai
Aim: To evaluate & compare the incidence of microcracks in root dentin caused by Hand NiTi file Protaper Gold, Wave one and True Shapes File System. Materials and Methods: Thirty freshly extracted mandibular premolars were selected & divided into three groups (n=10). Teeth were decoronated at the CE junction. The working length was determined by size-10 K-file. In all Group (n=10) Biomechanical preparation was done according to manufactures instruction. Group I- Hand NiTi file Group II: Protaper Gold, Group –III wave-one file system and Group IV- true shape file system. Irrigation with 2 ml of 2.5% NaOCL after each instrument.17% EDTA was used as a lubricant.All the roots were sectioned perpendicular to the long axis at 3, 6 and 9 mm from the apex using a diamond disc at slow speed and stored in 2% thymol iodide. For SEM examination, all specimens were subjected to gold sputtering for 15 minutes. All the sections were examined under SEM at 100X and crack extending from inner wall to outer wall was recorded. Statistic analysis was done with Epi info ANOVA and post hoc test. Results: In coronal third more crack found with Proptaper gold than wave one gold and true shape file. In middle and apical third there in no significant difference found among all three file. Conclusion: Rotary cutting instruments does crack in root dentin but use of NiTi file with careful use reduces chance of crack formation.
Reg. No. 650
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of apical impermeability of EDTA, allium sativum and Camellia sinensis as a final rinse irrigation – An in vitro study
Aishwarya Wattamwar
SMBT Dental College, Sangamner, Maharashtra, India
Introduction: In endodontic treatment, an impermeable apical blockage and sealing of dentine tubules is desired to prevent bacteria and toxins from reaching the periapical tissues. Different agents which can be used for this impermeability are EDTA, Allium sativum and Camellia sinensis for irrigation. Aim: This study aimed to compare and evaluate the apical impermeability of EDTA, Allium sativum and Camellia sinensis as a final rinse irrigation. Materials and Methods: 30 therapeutically extracted human mature single canal mandibular premolar teeth were selected. The teeth were decoronated to length of 14 mm. Irrigation was completed with 6 ml of 5.25% NaOCl. The teeth were then randomly divided into 3 groups with 10 teeth in each group for final irrigation solutions. Group 1: 5 ml of 17% EDTA, Group 2: 5 ml of Garlic extract, Group 3: 5 ml of Green Tea extract. After drying; root canal obturation of teeth were completed with Bioceramic based sealer and incubated. All teeth were kept in drying oven inside a 2% methylene blue dye solution for 7 days at 37 °C. Dried samples were sectioned and gutta-percha was removed to examine with a 12.5X stereomicroscope for dye leakage. Dye penetration measurements were completed from two cross-sections and highest value was used for statistical assessments. Results: In progress. Conclusion: In progress.
Reg. No. 651
Category: Original Research
Effectiveness of different agents for disinfection of gutta percha cones – An in vitro study
Gurudeo Shamrao Chavhan
SMBT Dental College, Sangamner, Maharashtra, India
Aim: The present study aimed to individually evaluate and compare the efficacy of 1% sodium hypochlorite,2% Chlorhexidine gluconate, 6% Hydrogen peroxide, Basil oil, Neem and Obicure tea extract for chairside disinfection of gutta percha. Materials and Methods: Then the samples were divided randomly into six groups of 10 samples each (n=10). Control groups (positive and negative) consisted of 5 samples each (n=5). Cones were contaminated with saliva. To confirm that all the samples were contaminated, GP cones were inserted individually into test tubes containing 5 ml of sterile BHI broth and were then incubated at 37°C for 72 h. Bacterial growth was evaluated by the presence of turbidity in the broth. Then the samples were divided according to the disinfectant used: Group 1–1% NaOCl. Group 2–2% CHX. Group 3–6% Hydrogen peroxide. Group 4–Basil oil Group 5-Neem, Group 6 –Obicure tea extrate. Statistical Analysis: The presence or absence of turbidity resulted in quantitative data and the results were statistically analyzed by Fisher's exact test. Results: All the groups showed a statistically significant disinfection of GP (P < 0.05). However, between the groups, the maximum disinfection was seen with 1% NaOCl followed. Conclusion: NaOCl, 2% CHX, and 6% H2O2 showed significant disinfection of GP.
Reg. No. 652
Category: Systematic Review
Teeth are always in style…..To create a smile
Suranjita Das
Haldia Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Haldia, West Bengal, India
Patients seek better esthetic restorations; hence, proper color matching is important not only at the beginning but also over a long period of time. Thus, awareness of the various factors that influence the color stability of composite restorations is beneficial. We live in a world of esthetic dentistry where esthetic tooth-colored restorations are the trend today. Composite restoration which satisfies this need of esthetic tooth-colored restorations has evolved tremendously. Although the material holds good promise in the field of esthetic dentistry, it also possesses certain disadvantages such as discoloration in the long run. The success of composite restorations is due to their colour stability over time. Discolouration of composite resins can be caused by internal or external factors. Internally induced discolouration is permanent and is related to polymer quality, filler type, and amount, as well as the synergist added to the photo initiator system. Alteration of matrix or filler components of resin composites and incomplete polymerization constitute intrinsic factors leading to discolouration. It is reported that saliva, food components, and beverages may affect the aesthetics and integrity of dental composites. This is a factual truth for dental porcelain -colour instability in porcelain restoration is a common dilemma nowadays.
Reg. No. 653
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of effect of nsaid's in combination with serratiopeptidase and diode laser on post endodontic pain in patients with vital and non vital teeth: A randomised clinical trail
Sayali Nawanath Gosavi
Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital
Background: In spite of advances in root canal therapy and better knowledge of pulpal and periapical inflammation, up 40% of endodontic patients report varying degrees of pain. Many challenges are to be encountered by the endodontist, especially when dealing with necrotic teeth or vital teeth. However, a protocol to prevent and control the occurrence of post-endodontic pain need to be established. Aim: To evaluate and compare the effect of both non steroidal anti inflammatory drug in combination with serratiopeptidase and the application of photobiomodulation therapy protocol on the reduction of postoperative pain in endodontically treated vital and non vital teeth using a randomized clinical trial. Materials and Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, subjects experiencing moderate to severe pain will be selected. (n=40) The patients will be divided into two groups of 10 each as vital and non vital. Each group will be receiving NSAID'S in combination with Serratiopeptidase and Diode Laser. After examination, patients will be filling the consent form. The primary objective will be to measure the changes in pain score after post operative time frames of 6, 12, 18, 24, 48, 72 hours after the root canal treatment on a numerical rating scale. Then the pain evaluation form will be explained and delivered to the patients. Statistical Analysis: To measure the outcome, two pain scales will be used: numerical rate scale and verbal rate scale. Data will be analyzed using the chi-square, Mann-Whitney, and Wilcoxon paired tests. Results: Awaited. Conclusion: The study is in process.
Reg. No. 654
Category: Original Research
Effectiveness of ozonated oil and pro-argin formulation toothpaste alone and their combination in treatment of dentin hypersensitivity: A randomised clinical split mouth study
Gayatri Rajendra Gundap
D. Y. Patil Dental School, Pune, Maharashtra, India
Background: Dentinal hypersensitivity is a sharp pricking pain occurring on exposure of the dentinal surface to the external stimuli such as hot, cold, air, tactile, and chemical. There are various methods available for the treatment of Dentin Hypersensitivity; however, superiority of one method over others alone has not been proven. Aim: This study aims to compare the efficacy of Ozonated oil and Pro-argin formulation densensitizing paste in the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity (DH) and also to determine whether their combined application would improve the efficacy of the treatment. Materials and Methods: Ten patients affected by Dentinal Hypersensitivity will be included in the study. Selected teeth will be randomly divided into four groups: I] Ozonated oil 2] Pro-argin formulated dentifrice 3] Pro-argin formulated dentifrice along with Ozonated oil each applied to one of the quadrants and a 4] control group, consisting of a randomly selected additional tooth in one of the quadrants. Pain response to tactile and evaporative stimulus will be quantified on a visual analogue scale (VAS) over a 30 day period. Statistical Analysis: Statistical analysis will be performed using Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS) version 16 for Windows (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL). Descriptive quantitative data will be expressed in mean and standard deviation respectively. Data normality will be checked by using Shapiro-Wilk test. Intragroup and intergroup comparison of five groups at each interval will be done using ANOVA test followed by Turkey's Post-Hoc test. Results: Awaited. Conclusion: Study in progress.
Reg. No. 655
Category: Original Research
Evaluation of microhardness of three esthetic restorative materials after immersing in chlorhexidine mouthwash – An in vitro study
Kruti Yagnik
College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
Background: Nowadays, mouth rinses are widely used to prevent and control caries and periodontal diseases. The restorative materials used in dentistry are required to have long-term durability in the oral cavity. However frequent use of mouth rinses may have detrimental effects on oral tissues and the restorations present in the oral cavity. Aim: To evaluate and compare the Microhardness of Filtek Z250XT, Beautifill II and Neospectra after immersing in Chlorhexidine mouthwash. Materials and Methods: Sixty disc samples (n=20) of three different esthetic restorative materials, Group 1- Filtek Z250XT (3M ESPE), Group 2- Beautifill II (Shofu) and Group 3- Neospectra ST HV (Dentsply Sirona) were prepared. (n=10) samples from each group were immersed in chlorhexidine mouthwash and kept in an incubator at 37?C for 12 hours, as 12 hours of immersion was equivalent to one year of daily mouthwash use at two minutes/day. The samples were then subjected for micro hardness measurement using Vicker's hardness test. Statistical Analysis: The obtained data was statistically analysed, using Anova and Post hoc test. Results: Significant reduction in microhardness was observed after immersing in Chlorhexidine mouthwash in Group 1 and Group 3 when compared to Group 2. Conclusion: Filtek Z250XT shows the highest microhardness in comparison to the other two materials. But Beautifill II being more resistant to Chlorhexidine mouthwash does not show significant reduction as compared to the other two esthetic materials.
Reg. No. 656
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Revascularization of immature permanent teeth with necrotic pulp using platelet-rich fibrin: A case series
P. G. Mahesh
Government Dental College, Kottayam, Kerala, India
Completion of root development and closure of apex occurs up to 3 years following the eruption of teeth. Pulp necrosis due to various reasons such as trauma, caries, or other pulp pathosis can lead to cessation of root formation. Open apex impairs instrumentation and prevents the achievement of an adequate apical stop. There are various treatment options for the management of open apex like apexification with various bioactive materials, surgery with root-end sealing, and a regenerative endodontic procedure. In young patients, the regenerative endodontic procedure is the ideal treatment option. Pulp revascularization is a new treatment method for immature necrotic permanent teeth. After the treatment, it would provide a vital tooth that stimulates the apical development and the root maturation. This technique depends on the ability of residual pulp, apical and periodontal stem cells to differentiate and colonize the available pulp space. New odontoblasts formed from differentiated stem cells will induce deposition of hard tissue. Pulp revascularization represents the most promising therapy for immature teeth, requiring endodontic treatment. It is recommended as an alternative to apexification. Results of our case series are similar with clinical and radiological outcome of the other case reports which reported revascularization.
Reg. No. 658
Category: Original Research
Artemia salina as a tool to assess toxicity of various endodontic sealers
Kata Rupa, Nanditha Nandagiri
Mamatha Dental College, Khammam, Telangana, India
Background: Sealers are available in various formulations and they are known to exhibit different levels of cytotoxicity on dental tissues. The tissue response to these materials may influence the final outcome of root canal treatment. Therefore, biocompatibility is one of the most important requirements of root canal sealers. Aim: To assess the toxicity of various endodontic sealers through a brine shrimp lethality assay.
Objective: To compare the toxicity levels of various endodontic sealers at different concentrations. Methodology: Brine shrimp cysts will be incubated for 24 hours for hatching of larvae which will then be exposed to different concentrations of various endodontic sealers for 24 hours followed by determination of survival rate. Results: The obtained data will be subjected to statistical analysis.
Reg. No. 659
Category: Original Research
Is lime, a (re)-solve?!
R. Loshini
Sri Ramachandra Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Introduction: Endodontic retreatment requires efficient removal of obturating material from the root canal system. Though there are known chemical solvents for dissolving resilon from the root canal, natural products hold promise due to the absence of harmful side effects. Aim: The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of mosambi extract obtained from the peels of citrus limetta, as a solvent for resilon in comparison with chloroform, xylene, peppermint oil, cedarwood oil and emulsion of mosambi peel extract, peppermint oil and cedarwood oil. Materials and Methods: Known weight of resilon was taken and divided into 5 groups of equal weight to get 10 samples per group (Group A – Xylene; Group B – chloroform; Group C – mosambi peel extract; Group D – peppermint oil; Group E – cedar wood oil; Group F - emulsion of mosambi peel extract, peppermint oil and cedarwood oil; Group G – distilled water). Each group is further subdivided into 1 and 2 (A1, A2; B1, B2; C1, C2; D1, D2; E1, E2) respectively for 5 and 10 minutes immersion. The samples were weighed prior to immersion and after immersion. The weight loss obtained is considered a measure of dissolving efficacy of the corresponding solvent. The mean and standard deviation of absolute and percentage loss of weight was calculated at each time interval. Statistical analysis was done using Kruskal-Wallis and Dunns pair wise comparison. Conclusion: The study is under progress.
Reg. No. 662
Category: Original Research
Dermatoglyphics – A non invasive diagnostic tool in conservative detistry
Jangala Jahnavi, Murupoju Varshitha Sindhu
Mamatha Dental College, Khammam, Telangana, India
Introduction: Dental caries is a microbiological disease affecting teeth which has both genetic as well as environmental factors. As genetics is an emerging independent field in the dentistry as dermatoglyphics, which is an important screening test that can be used in the early diagnosis of many diseases including dental caries. Aim: The study aimed to determine a correlation between dermatoglyphics patterns and caries susceptibility. Methodology: A total of 400 subjects of age >18 years will be included in the study. The participants will be examined and caries experience will be assessed by Decayed, Missing, and Filled teeth (DMFT index) and finger prints will be recorded with duplicating ink pad and will be analyzed by Cummins method. The second digit (2D) and fourth digit (4D) will be measured using digital vernier caliper. Results: The obtained results will be subjected to statistical analysis.
Reg. No. 663
Category: Original Research
To evaluate and compare the smear layer removal efficacy of newer rotary files using scanning electron microscopic analysis
Aditya Rajiv Idhate
Rural Dental College, Loni, Maharashtra, India
Aim: To evaluate the smear layer removal efficacy of newer rotary files using scanning electron microscopic analysis. Materials and Methods: Thirty extracted mandibular premolars with single canal will be selected for this study. Radiographs will be taken to confirm the presence of single canal and absence of any type of calcifications, resorption, cracks, and fractures. The teeth will be decoronated to a standardized length of 12 mm with the help of carborundum disc to obtain segments similar in length and working length will be determined with ISO #15 K file. After this, all the samples will be randomly divided into three groups - Zen Super Flex Rotary Files, Trunatomy Rotary Files, Edge File X7 Files. After cleaning and shaping, samples in each group will be finally flushed with normal saline. Grooves will be made into the root in the buccal and lingual portion of the root using a diamond bur and the samples will be split longitudinally into two halves using chisel and mallet. Preparation for scanning electron microscope will be done and phototmicrographs will be taken for analysis at the coronal, middle, and apical third of the root canal. Statistical Analysis: The outcomes will be examined utilizing ANOVA test for examination of smear layer scores among different gatherings and Tukey's HSD test will be utilized for paired comparison of total smear layer scores. Conclusion: The study is still in progress. Results: Awaited.
Reg. No. 664
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of sealing ability of MTA, biodentine, glass ionomer cement and glass ionomer cement modified with Chicken Eggshell powder when used as furcal perforation repair materials using Spectrophotometric analysis – An in vitro study
Ekta Dharmendra Chandwani
SMBT Dental College, Sangamner, Maharashtra, India
Background: Despite its poor handling qualities and delayed setting time, Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) is usually suggested for perforation repair. Biodentine, an improved calcium silicate substance, can be an adjunct to MTA in overcoming its shortcomings. By using chicken eggshell powder, the traditional glass-ionomer restorative material's mechanical properties were improved, allowing it to be employed as a furcation repair material. Aim: To evaluate and compare the sealing ability of MTA, Biodentine and Glass Ionomer Cement and Glass ionomer cement modified with 7% chicken eggshell Powder by weight when uses as furcation perforation repair material. Materials and Methods: Thirty six extracted mandibular molars were collected and divided into four groups. Furcation perforations were created in the experimental samples using a no. 4 round bur and repaired with MTA in group I, Biodentine in group II, Glass ionomer cement in group III and Glass ionomer cement modified with 7% Chicken Eggshell powder in Group IV. 2% methylene blue dye was applied inside the access cavities of all the samples and stored in the dye for 48 hours. After complete removal of the dye, samples were immersed in concentrated nitric acid for extraction of the dye. The solutions were analyzed in a spectrophotometer at 550 nm with concentrated nitric acid as blank to detect the amount of dye and the values were recorded as absorbance units. Statistical Analysis: One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Scheffe multiple comparison test. Conclusion: Awaited. Results: Awaited.
Reg. No. 666
Category: Original Research
A comparative analysis of novel intracanal medicaments and chlorhexidine against Enterococcus faecalis – An in vitro study
Aditya Bhagat
Career Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Context: Enterococcus faecalis is often found in cases with failed endodontic treatment and is difficult to eradicate. Development of new antibiotics is limited, and pathogens continually generate new antibiotic resistance. In search for the same, we shift our focus towards a naturally available and long proven peptide named Nisin. It is the only bacteriocin to be approved as a food preservative and is being used in food industry since many years due to its broad-spectrum antibiotic properties. Nisin is produced by Lactococcus lactis sub species lactis, which attacks the cell wall of the target microorganisms. It has recently been highlighted for its biomedical applications. Aim: This study compares the antibacterial efficacy of various combinations: Nisin with Metronidazole, Nisin with Calcium Hydroxide, Nisin with Chlorhexidine and 2 % Chlorhexidine against E Faecalis. Materials and Methods: The inhibitory effect of the medicaments on E. faecalis was determined by the agar diffusion test. Standard strains of E faecalis were inoculated on MHA agar plates and co-incubated with medicated disk. Zone of inhibition was measured and recorded after 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours. Statistical Analysis: The recorded data were statistically analyzed by ANOVA test. Results: Nisin in combination with different medicaments showed statistically significant antibacterial effect against E faecalis. Conclusion: This study suggests the possible use of Nisin in combination with different proven medications as a potent intracanal medicament.
Reg. No. 667
Category: Original Research
Effect of intracanal cryotherapy on post endodontic pain using different irrigating solutions after single visit root canal treatment – An in vivo study
Shastri Pratibha Balkrishna
MGM Dental College, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
The aim of this study was to find out the effect of cryotherapy on post endodontic pain after doing single visit root canal treatment. The study was conducted in the Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Career Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Lucknow. Subjects fitting in the inclusion criteria were chosen. Four groups were made. Group A (Control group), irrigation was done with saline stored at room temperature using side vented needles for 5 minutes. In Group B, irrigation was done with 2% chlorhexidine stored at room temperature using side vented needles for 5 minutes, Group C, irrigation with cryotreated saline using MIDWEST system for 5 minutes, and in Group D irrigation with cryotreated chlorhexidine solution using MIDWEST system for 5 minutes. Henceafter performing this study we came to know the use of irrigating solutions through controlled release delivery system (MIDWEST SYSTEM). We understood the effectiveness of cryotreated 2% chlorhexidine solution as a final irrigating solution. A comparative analysis of cryotreated irrigating solutions like saline and chlorhexidine was also accomplished. An attempt was made to measure temperature achieved post cryotherapy treatment at the apical portion of the root canal using Metrix +TM Digital Thermometer (Type k). And finally, post endodontic pain using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was assessed.
Reg. No. 668
Category: Original Research
Evaluation of depth of penetration and smear layer removal after using N-acetyl cysteine with and without diode laser activation as final root canal irrigant: An in vitro SEM study
Gopinagaruri Snigdha Priya
G. Pulla Reddy Dental College and Hospital, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India
Aim: The aim of the study was to compare and evaluate the depth of penetration and smear layer removal ability of different root canal irrigants with and without diode laser irrigant activation. Materials and Methods: About 80 single-rooted human mandibular premolars were cleaned and decoronated to a standard 12 mm length. After access opening working length was determined and instrumented using protaper files. 5 ml of 2.5% sodium hypochlorite and normal saline were used in between instrumentation followed by final irrigation for 1 min as following groups (n=20). Group 1: 17%EDTA, Group 2: NAC, Group 3: Qmix, Group 4: 0.2% Chitosan nanoparticles. All four groups were further subdivided into two subgroups: Subgroup A – without diode laser, Subgroup B- with diode laser activation. In subgroup B 610 nm diode laser with power 1.5 w in continuous mode using the size of tip – 200 micrometer will be moved from apical to coronal in helical motion for 6 times with each cycle for 5 sec with a short interval between every cycle. After preparation, samples were split longitudinally in a buccolingual direction. One-half of each root was randomly selected for depth of penetration and, another half segment was subjected to smear layer evaluation under SEM. Smear layer evaluation scoring was done by Hulsmann's criteria. Based on sample size estimation data was analyzed with p-value = 5. Results: Yet to be evaluated.
Reg. No. 669
Category: Original Research
Financial impact of COVID-19 pandemic on endodontic practice among private dental practitioners in Mumbai and Navi Mumbai region of Maharashtra: A questionnaire-based study
Khan Zainab Khatoon Saeed Akhtar
Government Dental College and Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
COVID - 19 pandemic affected the whole world not only heath-wise but also socially, mentally, and economically. Dental professionals are potentially at a higher risk of infection as the saliva acts as the primary reservoir of droplet transmission which is common during dental procedures. This virus may remain within the droplets for a few hours to days depending on the surface and the surrounding atmosphere. The National Occupational Safety and Health classified dentists as a very high-risk group due to the potential exposure to SARS-CoV-2 through aerosol-generating procedures. Endodontists are one of them. To reduce the risk of cross-infection, the dental practice has been changed from routine sterilization to more preventive measures like the inclusion of PPE, respirators, high-volume saliva ejectors, compulsory use of rubber dams, etc. The pandemic not only led to the loss of many lives but also generated unemployment in a large sector of society, causing a financial burden to the patients which made them incapable of undergoing routine dental treatment. As a result, the dental fraternity was burdened from both ends; one due to investing in costlier equipment to maintain sterilization and providing only emergency care, the other due to the reduced number of patients. Based on this background, a study has been planned to assess the financial impact of COVID-19 on endodontic practice.
Reg. No. 671
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of dislocation resistance of MTA and biodentine after placement of Triple antibiotic paste and Ca(OH)2 as intracanal medicaments: An in-vitro study
Manish Bhaskar Badgujar
SMBT Dental College, Sangamner, Maharashtra, India
Background: Intracanal medicaments can be used in various endodontic conditions including multiple visit endodontics after trauma or in regenerative endodontics. These medicaments should be removed from the root canal before the placement of the filling or repair material. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of prior calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) and modified triple antibiotic paste (mTAP) placement on the push-out bond strength of Biodentine to root dentin when compared to mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). Methods: The root canals of 30 extracted mandibular premolars were prepared to a standardized internal diameter (1.5 mm). The specimens were randomly assigned to 3 groups according to the intracanal medicament used: mTAP (a mixture of metronidazole, ciprofloxacin, and cefaclor), Ca(OH)2, and no intracanal medicament. After 1 week, the medicaments were removed, and the middle third of the roots were cut into two transverse sections (2.0 ± 0.05) (n = 60 slices). Thereafter, the specimens were divided into two subgroups (n = 30 each): MTA or Biodentine. After 1 week, the push-out test was performed and failure mode was evaluated. Statistical Analysis: The data were statistically analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc. Results: Awaited. Conclusions: Awaited.
Reg. No. 674
Category: Original Research
Agrawal and Shah modified CAST index: Rationale, development and comparative evaluation with original index for assessing dental caries in Indian population
Vineet Agrawal
Manubhai Patel Dental College and Dental Hospital and SSR General Hospital, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
Background: Caries assessment spectrum and treatment (CAST) is novel index for full assessment of spectrum/range of dental caries described in hierarchical way. But its use in Indian population requires modifications and this paper describes rationale and development of the new modified-caries assessment spectrum and treatment index (Agrawal and Shah modified-CAST) and its comparative evaluation with original index for use in Indian population. Aim: To propose modified CAST index and Compare it with original CAST index for assessing prevalence of dental caries in Indian population. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 300 adult patients above 15 years of age. A modified-CAST instrument was developed by addition, deletion and merging of the scores of original index. After training session and calibration of the examiners, all the patients were examined for the caries experience by both CAST and modified-CAST codes which were recorded on a structured proforma. Statistical Analysis: Paired t test showed highly significant (p<0.001) difference in scores of original CAST and Modified-CAST index. Results: Prevalence of dental caries calculated using CAST instrument was 81.7% while using modified-CAST instrument was 87%. None of patients (0%) presented with pit and fissure sealants in CAST codes and 3% showed non-cavitated early enamel lesions and 8% showed root and cervical caries in modified-CAST instrument. Conclusion: Proposed modified-CAST instrument proved to be suitable and more appropriate in assessing the prevalence of dental caries in Indian population over original CAST instrument along with treatment needs of the Indian population.
Reg. No. 676
Category: Original Research
Evaluation of the effects of radiotherapy on microhardness and micromorphology of restorative materials
Apoorva Walia
Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Karnataka, India
Malignant neoplasms, which typically affect numerous oral tissues, are widespread in the head and neck region. Patients undergoing cervicofacial radiation require a multimodal approach, making caries lesions healing particularly difficult for dentists. Restorative treatment of caries lesions is essential prior to radiation therapy to reduce disease development and microbial load. Because ionising radiation inhibits the adherence of restorative materials to dental tissues, a post-radiotherapy tooth replacement may fail. There is an ongoing need to develop better materials capable of replacing missing tooth structures (enamel and dentin) for a longer period of time. The material's surface microhardness is a crucial feature that impacts the lifetime of repair. Surface hardness is a property that is commonly used to describe a material's resistance to plastic distortion by penetration. Cention N, Omnichroma flow, and bulk fill composites are three new materials being used to replace amalgam in posterior stress-bearing areas. To cure carious lesions and for aesthetic restorative procedures, resin composites and glass ionomer cements are widely employed. The goal of this research was to see how gamma X-ray radiation impacts the microhardness of three different restorative materials: Cention N, Omnichroma flow, and 3M Filtek Bulk Fill Posterior Packable Composite. The null hypothesis tested was that irradiation had no influence on the surface microhardness and micromorphology of the three restorative materials studied.
Reg. No. 677
Category: Original Research
Effect of air abrasion and laser surface treatment on the shear bond strength of composite inlay to dentin – An in vitro study
Jahnavi Javvadi
KIMS Dental College and Hospital, Amalapuram, Andhra Pradesh, India
Background: Surface treatments increase the surface area and create micro-porosities on the restorative surface, enhancing the potential for the mechanical retention of indirect restorations to the tooth structure through luting cements. Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of air abrasion and laser surface treatment on the shear bond strength of composite inlay to dentin. Materials and Methods: Freshly extracted thirty premolar teeth were taken for the study which were free from caries, hypoplastic defects and cracks on visual examination. All teeth were cleaned to remove surface debris and calculus using ultrasonic scaler. Standardized class II inlay cavities were prepared on each tooth. Each preparation had a length of 6 mm, a width of 3 mm, the gingival margin was kept 1 mm coronal to CEJ and 6-degree wall convergence. Impressions of the 30 prepared teeth were made using polyvinylsiloxane impression material and inlays were fabricated. The 30 fabricated inlay samples were divided into 3 groups based on different surface treatments. In Group A, inlays were bonded with resin luting agent according to the manufacturer's instruction without any surface treatment. In Group B and Group C inlays were treated with Al2O3 air abrasion of 50 μm particle size and with ND:YAG laser at a wavelength of 1064 nm, respectively. Further, the specimens were luted with a resin luting agent and incubated. After 24 h, shear bond strength was determined for each specimen using a universal testing machine. Results: Results are awaited.
Reg. No. 678
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Know the abnormal to know the normal: Morphological variations – A case series
P. Shyma
Pariyaram Dental College, Kannur, Kerala, India
Introduction: The knowledge of root canal morphology and the existing anatomical variations is essential for successful endodontic therapy. The morphology of root canal systems varies greatly in different races and also among the different individuals within the same race. Canal configuration can vary in some cases because of developmental anomalies, hereditary factors and trauma. The anatomical variations range from curved roots, bayonet roots, fused canals, C-shaped canals and many more. Case Discussion: Variations in root canal anatomy are often accompanied by complex orientation of pulp tissues making thorough mechanical and chemical debridement a challenge. Inability to treat such complexities often leads to endodontic failure. In depth knowledge about internal anatomy of the tooth, appropriate instrumentation techniques and customized treatment planning will help manage and prevent complications and enhance the quality of the treatment. This paper presentation showcases endodontic treatment of teeth with different anatomic variations like dilacerated roots, additional roots, additional canals, C- shaped canal, Vertucci type 5 root canal configuration, radix entomolaris and radix paramolaris. Conclusion: This presentation will throw light on different anatomical variations of root canal anatomy. Clinicians must have thorough knowledge about anatomical variations and management techniques to ensure successful endodontic treatment.
Reg. No. 679
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
A linear approach in treatment of endo-perio lesion
Dristi Sahay
Awadh Dental College, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India
Background: The tooth, the pulp and the surrounding structures function as a single biological unit. Any insult to these tissues and structures results in Root Canal treatment if the pulp is involved and periodontal therapy, if both tooth and peridontium is involved, that results in endo-periodontal problems and the resulting lesion is called Endo-Perio lesion. Aim: The aim is to enlighten the successful management of an endodontic-periodontal lesion with interdisciplinary treatment strategies. Materials and Methods: A 32 year old male patient reported to the department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics (ADCH) with a chief complaint of swelling in relation to lower right back teeth region of the jaw. On examination, sinus tract along with a pocket depth of 7 mm and Grade II mobility was seen in relation to tooth no. 46. On clinical examinationand with the help of radiographs, inter-radicular bone loss was found. For treatment, endodontic therapy was advised followed by periodontal therapy. After Root Canal treatment, patient was recalled after one month and mucoperiosteal flap was raised and the furcal area was thoroughly curetted and Allograft (bone graft) along with Plasma Rich Fibrinogen was placed followed by flap closure with simple interrupted suture. Statistical Analysis: If these lesions are managed immediately and correctly, the tooth can be preserved. Results: After 3 months and 6 months follow up, bone formation was seen in the furcal area. Conclusion: Treatment outcomes always depend upon diagnosis and proper history. Lesions with combined causes have to be treated both endodontically and periodontically for better results.
Reg. No. 682
Category: Original Research
Effect of chicken egg shell powder solution on microhardness of artificially induced cemental erosion: An in vitro study
Sneha Lembai
Annoor Dental College, Ernakulam, Kerala, India
Background: Root caries is a significant problem in aging adults .Chicken eggshell powder solution (CESP) is proven to promote remineralization of carious enamel. This study tries to assess remineralization potential of CESP on cementum. If proven effective, may be used for management of root caries. Aim: To evaluate and compare the effect on microhardness of cementum after treating with CESP for different time intervals in comparison with CPP-ACP using Vickers Hardness Test. Methodology: CESP solution is prepared .Cervical third of root of 32 mandibular molars are sectioned to obtain 5 mm thick sections .Teeth are immersed in six milliliters of a carbonated beverage for 2 minutes for inducing cemental erosion. Four sequential cycles are performed at 6 hours interval. Sections of root are then embedded in acrylic resin and subjected to remineralization as shown below. Group Treatment Solution N: Group I Demineralization only-control n= 8, Group II Demineralization and application of CPP-ACP for 4 minutes once daily for 7 days n= 8, Group III Demineralization and immersion in CESP solution 30 minutes twice daily for 7 days n= 8, Group 1V Demineralization and immersion in CESP solution for continuous 7 days n=8. Following demineralization and CESP treatment the specimens will be subjected to Vickers microhardness evaluation. Results: Result will throw light into the remineralization effect of CESP on cemental erosion compared with CPP-ACP.
Reg. No. 683
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Direct composite veneers in amelogenesis imperfect
Ishan Garg
Bhojia Dental College and Hospital, Baddi, Himachal Pradesh, India
Rehabilitation of the entire dentition with amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) tends to pose a great challenge to the clinician. Most of the cases of amelogenesis imperfecta are reported to be associated with skeletal and dental deformities which results in severe sensitivity of the dental tissues. This clinical case report marks out the total restoration of the oral condition of a young Indian patient diagnosed with the hypoplastic type of amelogenesis imperfecta. Direct Composite veneers were planned to strengthen the masticatory activity, aesthetics, to banish the dental sensitivity and to build up the general persona of the patient. The patient was followed-up at 2 months. Functional and esthetic impairment was not visible after the follow up period and the treatment outcome was successful. The entire treatment plan was intended to enhance the functional, esthetic and the masticatory component of the occlusal architecture.
Reg. No. 684
Category: Original Research
Hydrogen water as a novel root canal irrigant – A pilot study
Chandana Menon
Annoor Dental College, Ernakulam, Kerala, India
Background: Infected root canals with complex microbial flora is typically found in endodontic flare-ups and post-treatment apical periodontitis. Facultative anaerobic bacteria such as E.faecalis is mostly associated with these cases. Effective cleaning and shaping of root canals with improved irrigant usage is essential for the success of endodontic treatment. For this researchers are trying to develop newer irrigants with better properties. Aim: This study aims to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of a novel irrigant Hydrogen water against E.faecalis and compare it with the conventional irrigants namely sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl)and chlorhexidine (CHX). Methodology: E.faecalis grown aerobically in brain-heart infusion broth at 37°C for a 24 hour incubation period, checked for microbial growth by turbidity changes. Saline is added to obtain a suspension with 0.5 turbidities on the McFarland scale. Top surface of Petri dishes containing Blood Agar is flooded with 200 μl inoculum suspension of E.faecalis and dried for 15 minutes .Three equidistance wells are punched and irrigants are put into the wells and stored for 2 hours to obtain prediffusion through agar medium and is incubated for 2 weeks .Growth inhibition zones will be evident as lack of bacterial colonization adjacent to agar well. Most uniform diameter segment of inhibition zone is measured and this indicates the antibacterial activity. Results: Result will throw light into the antibacterial efficacy of Hydrogen water compared with NaOCl and CHX.
Reg. No. 685
Category: Original Research
Penetration depth of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite solution using different irrigation needles and activation systems – An in vitro radiographic assessment
Aathira Vijay
Annoor Dental College, Ernakulam, Kerala, India
Background: Endodontics has advanced with updated techniques and instrumentation, increasing the success rate of the treatments. Effective irrigant delivery and activation of the irrigating solution are prerequisites to root canal disinfection and debris removal. Aim: To evaluate and compare the depth of penetration of 5.25% Sodium hypochlorite solution with different irrigation needles and activation systems using radiographic analysis. Methodology: The crowns will be decoronated and mount on a wax block. Standard endodontic access will be prepared using endoaccess bur .The cleaning and shaping will be performed using the file system #30 file size and step back done upto #45 file size. The samples will be grouped based on the irrigation needle used which include conventional open ended needle, single side vented, double side vented and Trunatomy irrigation needles and again each group is further subdivided into subgroups based on different activation systems like manual dynamic activation, sonic and ultrasonic activations. The irrigant 5.25% Sodium hypochlorite will be mixed with iohexol dye (Omnipaque) for evaluation under Radio Visio Graph. Statistical Analysis: The data will be analysed using SPSS Version 24. One-way ANOVA will be used for inter group analysis and independent sample t-test will be used for intra group analysis. The inter-observer reliability was determined using Kappa statistics. Results: Result will throw light into the efficacy of different irrigation needles and activation systems.
Reg. No. 686
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Crown lengthening techniques for restorations
Mohammed Junaid Ibrahim Mulla
Terna Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Teeth with subgingival caries often pose problems to the restorative dentists. Hence crown lengthening procedures prior to restorative treatment is mandatory during management of such teeth which is designed to increase the extent of supragingival tooth structure. Exposing the healthy tooth margin permits proper tooth preparation and account for an adequate marginal placement, thus ensuring a good marginal seal with retention for both provisional and final restorations. Mechanical methods for lengthening the clinical crown include use of Wooden wedges, Cotton twills with slow setting ZnOE cement, Copper band and Rubber dam. Chemico-mechanical methods include astringents and hemostatic. Surgical intervention includes excision with Kirkland knife, rotary gingitage, electrocautery and LASER. Latest retraction techniques include Magic Foam Cord, Merocel retraction strips, Expasyl and Retrac. The goal of any restorative treatment must be to restore the health of the tooth and the periodontium for optimum health and function. This paper highlights few cases which are tackled by modifications of the gingival tissue to uncover carious hard tissues, using previously described various means such as Electrocautery, Laser and Conventional Gingival Excision with Surgical blade. The case series includes management of subgingival class 2 as well as class 5 defects, which were restored to a healthy and functional status after acquiring the healthy tooth margin.
Reg. No. 687
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Restoring the tooth using indirect adhesive restorations: A case series
Sakshi Sankhwar
Terna Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
An “Adhesive Indirect Restoration” has been defined as a partial crown restoration made in composite or full ceramic, which has to be seated passively, and adhesively cemented in a cavity. The need to perform adhesive restorations of posterior teeth is not only linked to esthetic purposes but also to bioeconomic principles, as well as to the possible biomechanical strengthening of the remaining tooth structures. The success of an indirect restoration depends on many factors related to materials, operator, and patient. Indirect restorations have a low failure rate and proved to be an excellent choice in treating class I and II lesions. Conventional indirect restorations classified according to their type as Inlays, Onlays, Overlays, Additional overlay, Occlusal-veneer (or table top), overlay veneer (or vennerlay). This case series will show case various patient treatments using indirect restorations. Inlaysare restorations without cusp coverage, and would be indicated in teeth with preserved vitality in medium to large class II cavities (mO/ OD, mOD), with well-preserved buccal and oral walls. Onlays are restorations that partially cover cusps, but not the entire occlusal surface. Overlays are total cusp-coverage restorations, indicated in class II cavities of large dimensions with unsupported axial walls and the absence of both marginal ridges. Veneer is a layer of tooth coloured material that is applied to a tooth to restore localised or generalised defect and intrinsic discolorations.
Reg. No. 688
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Direct pulp capping using MTA and biodentine – A case series
Shravani Amol Doshi
Terna Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Calcium-silicate based materials have drawn attention in recent years and have been advocated to be used in various clinical applications, such as root perforations, apexification, resorptions, retrograde fillings, pulp capping procedures, and dentine replacement. The quest for an ideal material with predictable sealability, good biocompatibility and increased moisture sensitivity has led to development of materials such as Mineral Trioxide Aggregate and Biodentine. Along with properties such as biocompatibility and compressive strength, it's setting time renders it to be most desirable in clinical scenarios. Direct pulpal exposures can be a challenging problem during excavation in a carious field. Preservation of pulp vitality is a critical factor in long-term tooth survival of the tooth. The vitality of the dental pulp can be compromised by the presence of a deep carious lesion and by its subsequent management therefore, treatment options aimed at preserving pulp vitality are recommended. This paper presentation encompasses various clinical cases of direct pulp capping using MTA and Biodentine done in routine clinics. The advantages, disadvantages and outcomes of the same will be discussed and highlighted.
Reg. No. 689
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Bleaching of discolored teeth: A case series
Puja Ratansingh Chavan
Terna Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Discoloration or stains that appear inside the teeth, known as intrinsic stains, can be caused by tooth decay, an injury, or a medication. There are several techniques and numerous bleaching chemicals, such as hydrogen peroxide and carbamide peroxide in different concentrations, which are ambulatory or used in-office to whiten the teeth and eliminate or reduce the stains. Bleaching is the lightening of discolorations of teeth through the application of chemical agents to oxidize the organic pigmentation in teeth. Bleaching procedures are classified as non-vital bleaching and vital bleaching. Literature suggests that the mechanisms of tooth whitening by peroxide occur by the diffusion of peroxide through enamel to cause oxidation and hence lightening of coloured species, particularly within the dentinal regions. The key factors that affect tooth whitening efficacy by peroxide containing products are concentration and time. This case series presents different clinical cases with anterior discoloration treated with various bleaching techniques to gain the desired results. The case series will showcase vital and non vital bleaching techniques commonly being used in the clinics. The advantages and disadvantages, pros and cons of the same will be discussed.
Reg. No. 690
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Rehabilitation of anterior teeth using direct composite techniques
Yash Rajendra Shaha
Terna Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Aesthetics is a branch of philosophy which deals with beauty and the beautiful. The goal of aesthetic dentistry should be “bright, beautiful, but believable”. Smile is an important feature of face predicting its attractiveness and need for aesthetics will motivate the patient for dental treatment. Various treatment modalities for aesthetic rehabilitation exist like micro abrasion, direct composite resin restorations or combination of both, indirect composites, crowns, aesthetic veneers, and so forth. Direct composite veneers allow operator to control and evaluate entire procedure from shade selection to final morphology usually in a single appointment. It is most commonly utilized form of veneering. Direct composite veneering results in minimal invasion and maximum preservation of sound tooth structure when compared to indirect restorations. These restorations can be easily repaired which is a more conservative and preferable option than replacement. In these case series, we will be performing Rehabilitation of anterior teeth by following techniques: 1. Direct Composite Layering, 2. Putty Index /Palatal Shell Technique, 3. Direct Composite Laminates, 4. Class III Composites, 5. Class IV Angle Build Ups. The Aim of the clinical series is to exhibit the preparation of anterior teeth by using direct technique of composite resin with the objective to reinstate functional and aesthetic form.
Reg. No. 691
Category: Original Research
Comparison of shear bond strength of three nanohybrid restorative composite materials
Rupali Latpate
Terna Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Introduction: Dental caries remains to be one of the most prevalent diseases encountered in the field of dentistry. Several restorative materials have been introduced with variable properties and among them, composite restorative materials are most widely used nowadays because of their superior esthetic property as well as minimal hard tissue removal. Shear bond strength of a restorative material plays a key role in deciding the restoration's longevity. Hence, for a better selection of the composite material, shear bond strength needs to be evaluated. Aim and Objective: Of the study is to compare shear bond strength of three nanohybrid restorative composite materials i.e. Beautifil II LS –Shofu, GC Solare sculpt, SDI LUNA to the tooth surface. Methodology: In this experimental in-vitro study 30 extracted teeth will be used. The uniform dentinal surface will be exposed by cutting with a diamond disk. These will be then randomly divided into three groups—groups I, II, and III based on the restorative material which to be used. The restorative materials will be applied on the dentinal surface of the prepared tooth specimens as per manufacturer's instructions with the help of plastic molds, followed up by storing them in distilled water until they will be subjected to shear bond strength testing using universal testing machine. Statistical Analysis: The collected data will be examined by applying a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Turkey's post hoc test. Results: obtained from the Statistical tests will be presented and a conclusion drawn out.
Reg. No. 692
Category: Original Research
Effect of a surfactant on the antimicrobial activity of sodium hypochlorite solutions – In vivo study
Arushi Mehrotra
Terna Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Context: The ideal outcome of root canal treatment is the eradication of microorganisms from the root canal system, or at least their significant reduction to levels compatible with periradicular tissue healing. Amongst currently used solutions, sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) appears to satisfy most of the requirements of a root canal irrigant. However NaOCl solutions are inherently unstable. NaOCl products have been modified by adding wetting agents and surface modifiers to reduce the surface tension of the mixtures. Aim: To assess whether adding surfactants to NaOCl can maximize the disinfection of the root canal system, the paper evaluates the impact of a surfactant on the antimicrobial activity of NaOCl solutions. Materials and Methods: A total sample size of 16 participants is evaluated of which 15 participants are randomly and equally assigned in 3 groups. Group A, B, C (n=5): A total of 10 mL of a solution of 5.25% NaOCl, NaOCl + Cetrimide, NaOCl + Sodium lauryl ethyl sulfate was used during the instrumentation of the canals. The remaining teeth served as control and was irrigated with normal saline. The samples were analyzed by counting the colony-forming units (CFUs). Statistical Analysis: Kruskal–Wallis test was performed to check for statistical significance. Results: Because of their low surface tension and increased contact with dentinal walls, these new irrigants have the potential to penetrate more readily into uninstrumented areas of the root canal, enabling greater antimicrobial effectiveness and enhanced pulp tissue dissolution ability.
Reg. No. 693
Category: Original Research
Correlation between the intensity of preoperative pain and postoperative pain after endodontic treatment: A cross sectional study
C. D. Sandhya Lekshmi
Government Dental College, Kottayam, Kerala, India
Objectives: To investigate the correlation between the intensity of preoperative pain and the intensity of postoperative pain in rc treated posterior teeth. Methods: Eighty patients with pulpal pathology scheduled for routine endodontic treatment were enrolled in this study. The patients were grouped into Group I with occlusal reduction, and Group II without occlusal reduction. Conventional two visit endodontic treatment was carried out. All patients were given a numerical rating scale to take home and were asked to rate their pain at 24 hrs, 3 days, and 7 days post-treatment. The scores were recorded between 0 and 10. The data were analysed using the Friedman Test and Chi-Square test. Results: The mean level of pain after root canal treatment, after seven days in the vital teeth was 0.833 and in a nonvital teeth it was0.625.The intensity of pain was highest in first three days teeth which decreased with time. There was no significant difference in intensity of pain between root canal treated teeth with and without occlusal reduction. Conclusions: The presence of preoperative pain influences the prevalence of postoperative pain in the teeth. Occlusal reduction does not reduce pain significantly. Clinical significance: Pain management should be an integral part of dental treatment. Post endodontic treatment pain should be expected for any patient reporting with preoperative pain. Occlusal reduction does not reduce postoperative pain.
Reg. No. 696
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
A stitch in time saves nine – A case report
Nikita Sebastian
JSS Dental College and Hospital, Mysore, Karnataka, India
Pulpal and periapical pathosis in an anterior tooth following traumatic injury is a frequent occurrence and management of such large cystic lesions demands a treatment approach that assures complete biological healing with a double seal and functional restoration of the tooth or teeth involved. A periapical or cystic lesion which is unable to heal non-surgically, often heals well with surgical intervention. Surgical endodontics aims to remove the diseased tissue of the root canal system and the surrounding peri-radicular tissues followed by retro-filling the root canal space with a biologically inert material in order to attain a fluid tight seal. Mineral Trioxide Aggregate was the first developed for use as a root end filling material. Another such material is Biodentine, introduced by Septodont in 2011. It is a calcium silicate based cement known to have superior biological and physical properties with a shorter favourable setting time compared to MTA. This case report presents the surgical management of a large cystic periapical lesion with Biodentine retrograde filling showing evidence of rapid healing at 5 months. Continued follow up of the case showed promising results clinically and radiographically at 9 months.
Reg. No. 697
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Decoding the “enigma of endodontics”: A case series
Nikunj A. Patel
Narsinhbhai Patel Dental College and Hospital, Visnagar, Gujarat, India
For success in root canal treatment, one must have a thorough understanding of the tooth anatomy, which is an essential criteria to achieve the objectives of access preparation through cleaning, disinfection and obturation of the pulp space. Problems encountered during the treatment occur because of inadequate understanding of the pulp space anatomy. Clinicians undertaking treatment of such complex anatomy cases need to be extremely patient as prolonged and multiple appointments are very much a certainty. The time involved in treating such complex cases of variable tooth anatomy is mainly dependent on the clinical skill, expertise, and proficiency of the endodontist and the armamentarium available to achieve optimum clinical outcome. Mandibular premolars are known to have numerous anatomic variations of their roots and root canals, which are a challenge to treat endodontically. Careful radiographic interpretation and clinical examination of the pulp chamber will be helpful in locating canal orifices. Identifying them early is important to aid appropriate modification in treatment protocol. This case report consists of 2 cases of mandibular premolars with type V vertucci's classification and type XVI canal configuration according to Sert and Bayirli's classification which were successfully treated.
Reg. No. 699
Category: Original Research
Time to synergize hypochlorite with octenidine?
Mohammed Naumaan A. Mujawar
Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the cleaning capacity of a mixture of 0.1% octenidine dihydrochloride and 3% sodium hypochlorite on the dentinal tubules using scanning electron microscope and also to determine its effect on root dentin microhardness. Materials and Methods: Eighty extracted human mandibular premolars were randomly distributed in 4 groups (n=10) according to the irrigants which were used during root canal preparation for the scanning electron microscopic analysis (SEM). G1, 0.1% octenidine dihydrochloride (OCT)+ 3% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) unmodified+ 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA); G2, 0.1% OCT + 3% NaOCl modified and filtered + 17% EDTA; G3, 3% NaOCl + 17% EDTA; G4, Distilled water. Further, 3 groups (n=13) for microhardness analysis (MA). G1, 0.1% OCT + 3% NaOCl; G2, 3% NaOCl and G3, Distilled water. All specimens were instrumented with Neoendo flex rotary files up to size 30/.06. Teeth were sectioned and prepared for SEM and MA. Results: The results are awaited as the study is still in progress.
Reg. No. 701
Category: Original Research
Optimization of dexamethasone loaded nanofibers for controlled drug delivery in regenerative endodontics – An in vitro study
Rishikesh K. Meshram
SDKS Dental College, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
Regenerative endodontic procedures are biologically based procedures designed to replace damaged, diseased, or missing portions of the pulp-dentin complex Although disinfection of root canal is an essential prerequisite for successful regeneration of tissue, many of the disinfecting agents even if used at recommended doses are cytotoxic and potentially damaging to the dentin. This, in turn, can alter the bioactivity of dentinal matrix. Therefore, controlled delivery of morphogen is crucial for its clinical applications. Dexamethasone (Dex) is a potent synthetic corticosteroid commonly used as an anti-inflammatory drug. In addition to its common clinical use, various studies have shown that Dexamethasone also favours the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. In our study for controlled drug delivery effect, dexamethasone loaded nanofibers (Dex NF) will be prepared using Electrospinning machine. Electrospinning machine consists of a spinneret (typically a hypodermic syringe needle) connected to a high-voltage (5 to 50 kV) direct current power supply, a syringe pump, and a grounded collector. The electrospinning parameters which includes the applied electric field, distance between the needle and collector, flow rate, and needle diameter will be optimized. The structure, composition and properties of Dex NF will be characterized by means of Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC).
Reg. No. 702
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Nonsurgical clinical management of endodontic periapical lesions
Varun Rana
MDC, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
Nonsurgical and surgical endodontic treatments have a high success rate in the treatment and prevention of apical periodontitis when carried out according to standard and accepted clinical principles. Nevertheless, endodontic periapical lesions remain in some cases, and further treatment should be considered when apical periodontitis persists. Several treatment methods have been proposed for treating apical periodontitis, such as root canal (re) treatment, periradicular surgery, marsupialization, decompression, and enucleation, there is a need for less invasive methods with more predictable outcomes.The advantages and shortcomings of existing approaches for the diagnosis and treatment of endodontic periradicular lesions are discussed in this case series.
Reg. No. 705
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of microleakage in two bioceramic sealers using glucose filtration methods – An in vitro study
R. Geethanjali
Karpaga Vinayaga Institute of Dental Sciences, Padalam, Tamil Nadu, India
Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the microleakage of two calcium silicate based bioceramic sealers using the glucose filtration model. Methodology: 40 maxillary incisors were divided into 2 experimental and 2 control groups of 10 each. After biomechanical preparation using protaper universal in all groups, the experimental groups were filled with Cera seal bioceramic root canal sealer and Bioactive RCS bioceramic root canal sealer and gutta-percha by single cone technique respectively. The negative control group were obturated with sealer and guttapercha by single cone technique and coated with nail varnish on both ends including orifice and apical foramina, the positive control group were obturated without sealer using gutta percha only. The specimens were mounted on a glucose filtration model and samples were taken for 3 weeks for leakage measurement. Statistical Analysis: The statistical analysis in the present study was performed using the SBSS software. Apart from descriptive statistical methods (mean, SD), Fried man test was used in the repeated measurements of the multiple groups and Dunn multiple comparison test was used in the comparison of subgroups. The results were evaluated at the P.05 significance level. Results: NO statistically significant difference was observed between the leakage of experimental groups at the 2 testing periods.
Reg. No. 706
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Management of apicomarginal defect with periapical lesion using sticky bone and barrier membrane in surgical endodontics: Case Series
Dipanjan Das
Dr. R. Ahmed Dental College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Context: After microendodontic surgery the bony crypt is usually filled with HA crystals mixed with blood or PRF for bony regeneration. Recently interest has been shown in using Sticky bone which has adhesive character, contains larger, denser, richer fibrin matrix and easily stick to root surface to aid in regeneration of bone over denuded root surface. Aim: CBCT evaluation and comparison of bone regeneration in apicomarginal defect with periapical lesion after application of Sticky bone as graft material with PRF and GTR membrane as barrier over the graft. Materials and Methods: 3 Patients with suppurative chronic apical periodontitis and apicomarginal communication were selected and randomly allocated into 3 groups: Sticky bone group, Sticky bone+PRF membrane group, Sticky bone+GTR membrane group. Clinical and radiographic examinations were done preoperatively. Conventional endodontic treatment was started. Since it was not successful, apical surgery was performed. Bone augmentation was done using Sticky bone alone in sticky bone group followed by PRF or GTR membrane was placed over sticky bone in PRF and GTR membrane group respectively. Regular follow up were done at every 3 months interval by clinically and radiographically. Results: Healing was uneventful. Follow up examinations revealed progressive, significant, predictable clinical and radiographic bone regeneration without any clinical symptoms. Conclusion: Combined use of Sticky bone with PRF or GTR as barrier membrane for bone regeneration in treatment of apicomarginal defects with periapical lesions is a potential treatment alternative for faster healing than using these biomaterials alone.
Reg. No. 711
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of antibacterial efficacy and compressive strength of glass ionomer cement and cention N with antibiotics against streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus – An in vitro study
G. Pooja
Mallareddy Dental College for Women, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
Aim: The aim of the study is to compare the antibacterial efficacy and compressive strength of Conventional Glass - Ionomer cement (CGIC) and newer material like Bulk-fill alkasite cement (Cention N) with Doxycycline, Clindamycin and Double antibiotic paste containing metronidazole and ciprofloxacin [1.5 % w/w] against Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus. Materials and Methods: 80 Uniform discs will be made using Teflon molds of control and experimental materials along with antibiotics and equally divided into 8 groups. Group 1: Conventional GIC (Control 1), Group 2: Cention N (Control 2), Group 3: Conventional GIC + Doxycycline, Group 4: Conventional GIC + Clindamycin, Group 5: Conventional GIC + Double Antibiotic Paste, Group 6: Cention N + Doxycycline, Group 7: Cention N + Clindamycin, Group 8: Cention N + Double Antibiotic Paste. After setting of the material, these specimens will be placed on brain heart infusion agar plates inoculated with Streptococcus mutant and Lactobacillus and the area of inhibition will be measured after 48 hours. The 24 hour compressive strength of the set specimens will be evaluated using a Universal Testing Machine. Statistical Analysis: Data will be analysed using one way ANOVA test. Results: Results are yet to be analysed.
Reg. No. 714
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Management of horizontal root fracture with intra-radicular splinting – Case report
Ogale Ranjeet Subhash
K. D. Dental College and Hospital, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
Horizontal root fractures are commonly observed in the maxillary anterior region. The fracture can be at the cervical, middle, or apical region of the root. The tooth is generally mobile, but the degree of mobility is frequently determined by the fracture location. A 30-year-old male patient was referred after a road traffic accident. In intraoral diagnosis the left maxillary incisors and canine seen to be fractured. The teeth did not respond to the pulp vitality test. Radiographic examination, the left maxillary lateral incisor was fractured horizontally in middle thirds area of root and crown. The fractured crown part of lateral incisor was removed. Access of left central incisor, lateral incisor and canine was achieved and necrotic pulp tissue was removed. Irrigation was performed copiously with 3.25% NaOCl. A standardized root canal treatment using the lateral condensation technique with Gutta Percha and root canal sealer was applied to left central incisor tooth and canine. For the left lateral incisor tooth, apical 1/3rd root fragment were endodontically treated and obturated with Gutta Percha and root canal sealer whilst the fragments were stabilized intra-radicular splinting size with 50k file and MTA into the canal. Patient was recalled after 15 days and 1 month. The teeth were asymptomatic and presented physiological mobility. The radiographic examination of the fractured-root showed no periapical radiolucency. Currently patient is under followup.
Reg. No. 716
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Endodontic and aesthetic management of discoloured non vital and retreated maxillary anterior tooth with conservative approach: A case series
Shubhi Gupta
Institute of Dental Sciences, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
Non vital bleaching is a conszervative approach to treat intrinsic discoloration of teeth of several etiology. Sodium perborate and hydrogen peroxide are the commonly used bleaching agents. The aim of this case series is to demonstrate the walking bleach technique in non-vital & retreatment cases of maxillary anterior teeth. Maxillary central incisors were isolated with rubber dam & root canal treatment was performed in non-vital teeth & in retreatment cases after gutta percha retrieval. Barrier space preparation was done using a heated instrument. Glass ionomer cement was used as a barrier material. Mixture of hydrogen peroxide/saline & sodium perborate was placed in canal & sealed with intermediate restorative material. After 1 week, the procedure was repeated to achieve the desired result. Walking bleach is a minimally invasive procedure to restore the aesthetic of discolored non vital & retreated tooth, however care should be taken to avoid any post operative complications.
Reg. No. 717
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of retrievability of gutta percha obturated with different sealers using different retreatment file systems: An in-vitro study
Varnika Saxena
Institute of Dental Sciences, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
Background: The main purpose of nonsurgical retreatment in failure cases of RCT requires regaining access to the entire root canal system through complete removal of the core filling material and sealer. Aim: The purpose of this study was to compare the retrievability of Gutta percha with three different sealers using two different retreatment file systems by measuring the volume of residual obturating material in the root canal using CBCT. Materials and Methods: Sixty single rooted mandibular premolars freshly extracted for orthodontic purpose were collected and disinfected Diagnostic X-rays were taken to check the presence of single canal. After working length determination cleaning and shaping was done. The canals were dried using paper points and teeth were divided into three different groups i.e G1=Endomethasone, G2=Resin based, G3=Calcium hydroxide based n=20 each. The canals were obturated using lateral condensation technique followed by restoration of the access cavities with GIC type 2. All the teeth were stored for two weeks in 370 C and 100% humidity. The samples were imaged by CBCT before re-treatment and after CBCT imaging each group were divided into two sub groups (n=10) each i.e Pro-Taper and R-Endo re-treatment files. The Gutta percha was removed with the help of different re-treatment file system and the analysis of residual volume of obturation material was done using CBCT. Statistical Analysis: The statistical differences between the groups will be measured by ANOVA test using SPSS version 21. Results: Results are awaited. Discussion: Results will be discussed later.
Reg. No. 718
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Abfraction lesion: When to wait and how to act?
Sumit Kumar Mazumdar
Awadh Dental College, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India
Abfraction is a type of noncarious cervical lesion (NCCL) which is characterised by loss of tooth tissues with different clinical appearances. Evidence supports that abfraction lesions, as any NCCLs, have a multifactorial etiology. The interaction between chemical, biological, and behavioural factors is critical and helps to explain why some individuals exhibit more than one type of cervical wear mechanism than others. The cervical wear of abfraction occurs due to normal and abnormal tooth function which is accompanied by pathological wear such as abrasion and erosion. In this modern era of personalised dentistry, NCCLs must be identified and addressed for the patient risk factors before performing any kind of treatment. The lack of understanding about the prognosis of these lesions with or without any intervention can be a major contributor to variations in dentist's management decisions. By recognising these progressive changes in the cervical area of the tooth which is a part of physiologically dynamic process that occurs with aging, premature and unnecessary interventions can be avoided. In this current clinical case report, I will try to explain different treatment modalities for abfraction.
Reg. No. 720
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Endodontic management of C-shaped canals in mandibular second molars: A case series
Chandni Matloob
Institute of Dental Sciences, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
Root and root canal system, morphology, and variation is a sphere of interest in Endodontics. A C-shaped canal with varying configurations is commonly observed in mandibular second molars. The presence of a high incidence of transverse anastomosis, lateral canals, and apical deltas make it difficult to clean and seal the root canal system in these teeth. The main reason for failure in the endodontic treatment of mandibular second molars is the inability to detect the presence of C-shaped canals prior to endodontic therapy. Early recognition of configuration facilitates cleaning, shaping, and obturation of the root canal system. This case series represents the endodontic management of C-shaped canals in the mandibular 2nd molar.
Reg. No. 724
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of push-out bond strength and adaptation of A fiber post cemented with Biodentine, MTA and resin cement: An in vitro study
H. Harakh Chand Barnwal
Faculty of Dental Sciences, IMS BHU, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
Aim: To evaluate & compare the push-out bond strength and adaptation of a fiber post cemented with Biodentine, MTA, and dual-cure Resin cement. Materials and Methods: A total of thirty mandibular premolars with a single oval root canal were prepared and obturation was done by AH plus sealer and gutta-percha. The teeth were stored at 37 0C with 100% humidity for one day. The gutta-percha was removed by peeso reamer, leaving at least 4 mm of filling material, and post spaces were prepared by corresponding fiber post drill. The specimens were randomly distributed into (n=10) among each 3 groups. Glass fiber Posts were lutted with three different materials and coronally sealed with glass ionomer cement followed by stored in water for 24 h at 37 0 C. Each tooth was sectioned into 3 parts of 2-mm-thick slices in coronal, middle and apical zone. Push-out bond strength was measured with help of a universal testing machine and evaluated the adaptation by scanning electron microscope after 7 and 28 days. Statistical Analysis: It was done by one-way anova and post hoc test. Results: The push-out bond strength of dual-cure resin and Biodentine was non-significant but higher in comparison to Pro Root MTA. Dual cure resin cement and Biodentine also showed better surface adaptation to post in comparison to MTA. Conclusion: This present study showed that Biodentine can also be used for luting the fiber post as an alternative to dual-cure resin cement in special conditions.
Reg. No. 726
Category: Original Research
Evaluation of healing of large periapical lesion by synergistic effect of simvastatin and autologous PRF – A randomized controlled trial
Sourav Bhattacharyya
Haldia Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Haldia, West Bengal, India
Introduction: To the best of our knowledge, there are very few studies investigated the application of Simvastatin (SIM) loaded on autologous platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) in treatment of bone defects following surgical enucleation of large periapical lesions. Therefore, aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of SIM-PRF as filling material and to determine if there is synergistic effect of this combination. Materials and Methods: 30 Patients, with periapical radiolucency in the anterior maxillary region, measuring more than 5 mm at its greatest diameter, were randomly allocated in 3 groups namely A, B and C (n=10 for each). Group A received alloplastic hydroxyapatite bone graft whereas group B received autologous PRF and Group C received 1:6 SIM-PRF mixture for filling of cystic bony defects. Healing of the lesions was evaluated with CBCT imaging, preoperatively and on 1st, 3rd, 6th and 12th month postoperative follow-up days. Results: In 1st month, the healing percentage was 36.24 ± 9.97 in Group A (Positive Control) whereas Group B (PRF) demonstrated a mean value of 32.00 ± 7.84 %; likewise, in 3rd and 6th month, Group A and Group B showed 63.85 ± 8.00% and 77.27 ± 11.43%, and 95.51 ± 1.13% and 94.49 ± 3.09% respectively. Group C (1:6 SIM-PRF group) demonstrated healing of 41.47 ± 4.44% in 1st month, 92.09 ± 0.53% and 99.31 ± 0.45% in 3rd and 6th months respectively; as compared with Group A, the results are consistently better and the data are statistically significant in 1st, 3rd and 6th months. Conclusion: Overall results suggest that 1:6 SIM-PRF combination may be more effective in achieving complete healing of the bone defect. However, long term follow-up with histomorphologic analysis is required for better assessment of the efficacy of Simvastatin; also, to determine its optimal therapeutic threshold, mode of application etc.
Reg. No. 727
Category: Original Research
Influence of different age groups on outcome of full pulpotomy in posterior permanent teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis: A prospective study
Ayesha Khan
MNR Dental College, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
Context: Full pulpotomy is “complete removal of the coronal pulp and application of a biomaterial directly onto the pulp tissue at the level of the root canal orifice, prior to placement of a permanent restoration” (ESE 2019). Aim: To assess the influence of different age groups on outcome of full pulpotomy performed in mandibular teeth with pulpal diagnosis of symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. Materials and Methods:10 deep carious molar teeth with clinical & radiographic diagnosis of symptomatic irreversible pulpitis without periapical rarefaction from patients of either gender between the ages of 20-35 & 35-50 years were included, according to specified inclusion& exclusion criteria. •Full pulpotomy was performed under local anesthesia & aseptic conditions. • The pulp tissue was removed until the root canal orifices & 2.5% NaOCl was applied to arrest pulpal bleeding. • Biodentine was compacted over the radicular pulp. • Teeth were restored with resin modified glass ionomer cement & composite resin. • Pre and post- operative pain was assessed at 24, 48 & 72 hours using a Visual Analog scale (VAS). • Follow up at 1, 3 & 6 months for clinical and radiographic evaluation. Asymptomatic teeth without any radiographic evidence of periapical rarefaction were considered successful. Statistical Analysis: The data will be analyzed later, as the study is in progress. Results and Conclusion: Results & conclusion are awaited, as the study is in progress.
Reg. No. 728
Category: Original Research
Recovery of enamel microhardness after in-office tooth bleaching with different remineralizing agents
Syeda Farha Fatima
MNR Dental College, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
Background: Currently, individuals demand whiter, more aesthetic smiles (Carey, 2014). Bleaching is a conservative method for restoring the discoloration of teeth. Concerning the adverse effects of whitening agents (sensitivity, mineral loss, etc.) on dental hard tissues, various remineralising pastes have been introduced. These pastes could favour microhardness recovery along with reducing sensitivity. Aim: To analyse the influence of various remineralizing pastes in recovery of enamel microhardness after in-office tooth bleaching. Materials and Methods: Freshly extracted human molars stored in thymol solution will be subjected to standard bleaching protocol. Enamel microhardness will be recorded before and after bleaching. Then, the teeth will be treated with one of the postbleaching remineralizing agents - various commercially available remineralising pastes: GC Tooth Mousse, Sensodyne Rapid Relief, Dente91. After 24 hours and 7 days of post-bleaching treatments, the microhardness of each group will be re-evaluated. Statistical Analysis: Data obtained will be subjected to statistical analysis. As the study is in progress. Results and Conclusion: Results & Conclusion are awaited.
Reg. No. 731
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Anterior Esthetic restorations
Gudumotu Rachana
Panineeya Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Secunderabad, Telangana, India
Composite resin restorations have become a viable alternative for patients that require anterior restorative procedures to be integrated to the other teeth that compose the smile, especially for presenting satisfactory esthetic result and minimum wear for the dental structure the combination of increasing demand of patients for esthetics and the capacity to preserve the dental structure resulted in the development of different techniques for restoring fractured teeth.
Reg. No. 733
Category: Original Research
Tooth story: Middle mesial canal
Progyna Paramita Pal
Awadh Dental College, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India
Numerous research s have been done in mandibular molar for the presence of an extra canal especially in mesial roots for the presence of middle mesial canals. Cone Beam Computed Tomography has been used recently in the detection of these canals. However, literature discussing the efficacy & reliability of CBCT in detection of these canals is scanty. Aims: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of CBCT as a preoperative diagnostic aid in locating the middle mesial canals in mandibular tooth. Methods: 30 mandibular molars were placed in skull base & CBCT scans were performed for evaluating the presence of middle mesial canal in mandibular tooth. The clinician on the other hand locates middle mesial canal independently. Evaluations were done by two evaluators independently. Hence efficacy of CBCT in determining the middle mesial canal was established. Results: The results were then statistically evaluated.
Reg. No. 736
Category: Original Research
Morphometric analysis of the anatomical landmarks of human maxillary first premolars pulp chamber using spiral computed tomography: An observational study
Mohd Wasil Khan
Institute of Dental Sciences, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
Aim: The aim of this observational study was to do morphometric analysis of the anatomical landmarks of maxillary first premolar pulp chambers using spiral CT. Materials and Methods: 327 Extracted human maxillary first premolars were randomly collected from various private dental clinics and hospitals in North India and disinfected. The teeth were placed horizontally on a sheet of modelling wax and scanned using spiral computed tomography. Teeth were then viewed cross-sectionally with a constant thickness of 0.625 mm/slice and a constant spiral or table speed of 5.62, pitch 0.56 and 120KVP. Subsequently, to test the criterion, volume rendering and multiplanar volume reconstruction were conducted. Then the scanned data was transferred to the RadiAnt Dicom viewer and analysed for the following – A. Distance between two canal orifices. B. Distance between canal orifice and the cementoenamel junction. C. Distance between the central groove and roof of the pulp chamber. D. Distance between the furcation and floor of the pulp chamber. Results: Awaited.
Reg. No. 737
Category: Original Research
Efficacy of proteolytic enzymes on postendodontic pain after single-visit root canal treatment of teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis: A prospective, single-blind randomized controlled trial
Mamta Kaushik
Army College of Dental Sciences, Secunderabad, Telangana, India
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of proteolytic enzymes on post-endodontic pain after single visit root canal treatment of teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. Materials and Methods: Ninety patients meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were randomly divided into three groups with thirty patients each. Patients in group A were prescribed 10 mg Serratiopeptidase, one tablet, three times a day; in group B, 100000 AU Trypsin:chymotrypsin, one tablet, three times a day and in group C, placebo (wheat flour containing capsules), one capsule, three times a day. Following single-visit endodontic treatment, patients were provided with medication in opaque sealed bottles and were guided about the intake. Each patient was prescribed 650 mg Paracetamol as rescue medicine. Patients were instructed to mark the pain intensity at 6 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours after endodontic treatment on HPVAS. They were also instructed to note the number and time of administration of rescue medication. Results: Seventy-nine patients were statistically analysed in this study. Serratiopeptidase and trypsin:chymotrypsin significantly reduced the pain intensity following single-visit endodontic treatment compared to placebo up to 48 hours (p<0.05). Serratiopeptidase and trypsin:chymotrypsin performed equally well at all time intervals (p>0.05). At 72 hours reduction in pain was comparable in all the three groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: Proteolytic enzymes can be used as an effective means for controlling post-endodontic pain following single-visit root canal treatment in teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis.
Reg. No. 738
Category: Original Research
A three dimensional analysis of apical root canal anatomy of mandibular second molars and distance from the inferior alveolar nerve: A CBCT study
Neha Mehra
Army College of Dental Sciences, Secunderabad, Telangana, India
1. The anonymized Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images from the patient record database will be collected from various diagnostic centers. 2. The three dimensional images will be reconstructed and examined in three planes (coronal, axial and sagittal) using 3D viewing software. 3. The apical root canal anatomy of mandibular second molars and its relationship to the Inferior Alveolar Canal will be evaluated by measuring the horizontal and vertical distances from coronal CBCT sections, and the actual distance will then be calculated mathematically using Pythagoras' theorem. 4. The data obtained will be tabulated electronically and subjected to statistical analysis.
Reg. No. 739
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
In situ pulpal diagnosis – Second chance to revise diagnosis
Anjali Singh
Awadh Dental College, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India
The pulpal status of a tooth is not always accurately diagnosed because the most accurate method is histological examination which is unfortunately clinically inapplicable. Using the latest in-situ diagnostic criteria set by Lejri W et al., we can either retain or correct our initial clinical pulpal diagnosis according to our in-situ observations and eventually our treatment plan. In this paper I am going to emphasize on the in-situ observations of different cases done in our department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics and hence diagnosis of the cases and thereby treatment plans taken.
Reg. No. 740
Category: Original Research
Effect of bleaching on color and surface topography of teeth with enamel caries treated with resin infiltration and remineralization
Manuel Sebastian Thomas
Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Karnataka, India
Background: Dental bleaching is not recommended on teeth with enamel caries. Aims: The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of in-office bleaching on demineralized enamel managed by resin infiltration as well as casein phosphopeptide–amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP). Materials and Methods: Forty-eight sound enamel specimens were randomly allocated into four groups based on the surface treatment performed before bleaching. Group I consisted of no caries no treatment (NC-NT); Group II had artificial caries no treatment (AC-NT); Group III had artificial caries treated with resin infiltrant (AC-RI) and Group IV had artificial caries remineralized with CPP-ACP (AC-CP). In-office bleaching was performed using 40% hydrogen peroxide. Pre and post-bleaching teeth color and surface topography were evaluated using spectrophotometer and scanning electron microscope (SEM) respectively. Statistical Analysis: Student t-test, One-way ANOVA, and Tukey's posthoc test were performed for intra and inter-group comparisons. Results: The overall color change after bleaching (?E) was the least in Group IV (AC-CP) and significantly less when compared to Group I (NC-NT) (P <0.05) and Group II (AC-NT) (P <0.001). The bleaching efficiency in Group III (AC-RI) was not significantly different from the control group. The SEM images revealed severe morphological changes post bleaching in non-treated groups especially in Group II (AC-NT). Conclusions: RI can be considered as a treatment modality in teeth with enamel caries requiring tooth whitening as the bleaching efficiency was like that of sound enamel. Moreover, the enamel topography changes were less in the surface-treated group when assessed using SEM.
Reg. No. 741
Category: Original Research
Effect of three newer generation rotary files on smear layer removal using fumaric acid as an irrigant: A stereomicroscopic study
Arunima Ghose
Vananchal Dental College and Hospital, Garhwa, Jharkhand, India
Background: To evaluate the efficacy of the smear layer removal with Fumaric acid when used in combination with new generation files MANI JIZAI Rotary file, Neoendo Neohybrid Rotary file, and Micro Mega REVO-S ROTARY files. Materials and Methods: Sixty extracted mandibular premolars with single-canal were selected for this study. The teeth were decoronated to a standardized length of 12 mm, working length was determined with ISO #15 K file. After this, teeth were randomly divided into 2 main groups – Control and Experimental group. In Control group, root canal instrumentation was performed with MANI JIZAI Rotary file, Neoendo Neohybrid Rotary file & Micro Mega REVO-S ROTARY files respectively, along with 1 ml of 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), in experimental group, root canal instrumentation was performed with files MANI JIZAI Rotary file, Neoendo Neohybrid Rotary file, and Micro Mega REVO-S ROTARY files, respectively, along with 1 ml of 0.7% fumaric acid for 1 min. Longitudinal grooves were prepared with slow-speed silicon carbide disc on the buccal and lingual surfaces of each root. Preparation for stereomicroscope was done and phototmicrographs at 40x magnification were taken. Statistical Analysis: The results is analyzed using ANOVA test for comparison of smear layer scores among various groups and Tukey's HSD test was used for paired comparisons of total smear layer scores. Results: Awaited.
Reg. No. 746
Category: Original Research
Assess the level of anxiety among patients visiting for endodontic treatment, along with the objective to compare level of anxiety based on first visit and regular visits
Tamanna Kumari
Government Dental College and Hospital, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
Introduction: Dental procedures are usually stressful situations for most of the patients. When the need for endodontic treatment is present, some patients experience huge amount of stress and fear. Dental anxiety is ranked fourth among common fears and ninth among intense fears. This fear is often multifactorial and varies from person to person. Dental fear and anxiety are often reported as one of the major patient's led factors associated with avoidance of the dentist, results in poor oral health. Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the level of anxiety among patients visiting for endodontic treatment, along with the objective to compare level of anxiety based on first visit and regular visits. Materials and Methods: A simple random sampling technique was used for the study. The Survey done was based on set of questionnaires and the patients were asked to complete the questionnaires before endodontic treatment. The data was entered in a Microsoft excel spread sheet and was analysed using epi info software v7. P value of less than 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Results: There were significant differences in the level of anxiety between patient who were waiting for a new treatment compared those who were returning to continue treatment. Patients having a previous dental bad experience resulted in higher dental anxiety and fear. Conclusion: Anxiety associated with Endodontic treatment is prevalent. Dental fear often creates problems in patient management, which in turn affects the quality of dental care. Better understanding of dental anxiety may prevent treatment avoidance.
Reg. No. 747
Category: Systematic Review
A systematic review on pulp capping agents
Kalpana Khanoria
Government Dental College and Hospital, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
Background: The vitality of the pulp is important for the maintenance of the structural integrity and normal physiological characteristic of teeth. A vast number of studies are present in the literature evaluating the efficacy of Calcium hydroxide, MTA, and other bio-ceramic materials as pulp capping agents. However, the recent decade has seen the emergence of new bioactive materials which possess the potential to prolong the expectancy of tooth life. Aim: The purpose of this review was to analyse and evaluate the scientific literature evaluating the efficacy of various materials used for vpt. Materials and Methods: A systematic search for articles with the scope of the selection criteria undergoing for data extraction was conducted through electronic databases. Results: MTA and its variants have higher success rate in preserving the vitality of pulp, bioactive glass-based cement provides favorable biocompatibility with the dental pulp and Growth factors are the potential vital capping agents that could improve vital pulp therapy in near future. Conclusion: This review has detailed the current and the future materials which are/can be employed to preserve the vitality of the pulp. However, further in-vivo and in- vitro studies are required to validate the importance of the newer generation materials available with a simultaneous comparison with the traditional agent.
Reg. No. 748
Category: Original Research
The efficacy of a single application of nano-hydroxyapatite paste in reducing dentine hypersensitivity
Paravreet Woodwal
Government Dental College and Hospital, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
Introduction: The study aimed to compare the efficacy of a single application of nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA) paste in reducing dentine hypersensitivity. Materials and Methods: Eighty patients were recruited to participate in the study and randomize to be allocated into four groups (n-20): (1) Group 1 – n-HA paste, (2) Group 2 – fluoride paste, (3) group-3 strontium chloride and (4) Group 4 –glycerine. The patient's response to dentin hypersensitivity (DH) was evaluated at baseline (T0), immediately after application (T1), and after 1 week (T2). Tactile and cold air sensitivity (CAS) stimulus tests and visual analog scale subjective tests were used to measure the patient's response to DH. The data was entered in a Microsoft excel spread sheet and was analysed using epi info software v7. P value of less than 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Results: All four groups showed a statistically significant reduction in tactile sensitivity (TS), cold air sensitivity, and visual analog scale scores from T0–T1 and T0–T2. However, from T1–T2, there was no significant reduction in the TS, cold air sensitivity, and visual analog scale scores of the groups except for Group 1, which showed a significant reduction in visual analog scale scores from T1–T2. However, the intergroup comparison at T2 demonstrated a significant difference in tactile scores, CAS, and visual analog scale scores. Conclusion: n-HA paste was the most effective desensitizing paste compared to fluoride, strontium chloride and glycerine.The single application of the n-HA paste demonstrated a significant reduction in visual analog scale score after 1-week.
Reg. No. 749
Category: Original Research
Efficacy of inferior alveolar nerve block with and without cryotherapy – An in vivo study
Mirza Zaka Mohiuddin
AME'S Dental College and Hospital, Raichur, Karnataka, India
Introduction: Management of endodontic pain is an important factor in reducing fear and anxiety in endodontic procedures. Thorough knowledge of local anesthetic solutions and proper use of local anesthesia techniques are necessary for pain-free dental treatment. The inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) is the standard and most commonly used technique for achieving pulpal anesthesia for mandibular endodontic procedures. Aim of the study: The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of cryotherapy application on the success rate of inferior alveolar nerve block in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. Methodology: Patients will be given adequate information regarding the required treatment. Participation in the study will be voluntary and written consent will be taken from each patient. Sample size: 90 patients were randomized into 2 groups - 1.Control group & 2.Test group receiving cryotherapy. Before the treatment, all the patients will be asked to rate their pain on a VAS. Statistical Analysis: Chi square test, Independent sample test. Results: Intragroup comparison of both test and control groups showed almost equal results, but intergroup comparison between control and test groups showed statistically significant results with a P value of less than 0.05. Conclusion: Cryotherapy group gave better results in pre – operative pain control with better tissue biocompatibility and also as an adjunct to IANB when compared to control group i.e. IANB.
Reg. No. 751
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Management of inflammatory root resorption with the help of biodentine and I-PRF
Maruthi Gupta
JSS Dental College and Hospital, Mysore, Karnataka, India
Inflammatory root resorption occurs when the predentin or precementum becomes mineralized, mechanically damaged or scraped off. It is characterized by the radiographic appearance of loss of tooth substance with a radiolucency in the adjacent periodontal ligament and bone. The loss of cementum allows the intracanal bacteria and endotoxins to reach the periodontal ligament more readily and this can lead to the development of inflammatory resorptive process. External inflammatory resorption ultimately leads to loss of the tooth if it is not managed timely. In case where the resorption is due to pulpal necrosis and periodontal injury, nonsurgical endodontic therapy is performed. Chemomechanical preparation is considered as an essential step in root canal disinfection. However, total elimination of bacteria is difficult to accomplish. Intracanal medicament may help to eliminate surviving bacteria. The use of a corticosteroid-antibiotic intracanal medicament has shown to be useful in the prevention and management of external inflammatory resorption. Calcium silicate based materials have gained popularity in recent years due to their resemblance to mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and their application in cases where MTA is indicated .Studies have shown biodentine to be a superior material than MTA. Use of Injectable plasma rich fibrin as an autogenous material has proven to induce faster bone healing. In this case external inflammatory root resorption has been managed with the help of combination of biodentine with I PRF.
Reg. No. 752
Category: Original Research
Attitude, perception and barriers of dental professionals towards artificial intelligence
Nishi Singh
Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Aim: To know attitude, perception and barriers towards use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in dentistry in India among undergraduate and postgraduate students. Methodology: Multicentric questionnaire based cross-sectional study was conducted among participants pursuing graduation and postgraduation in randomly selected dental colleges in India. Ethical approval was taken from Institutional ethical committee. Questionnaire consisted of 24 close-ended and 3 open-ended questions divided into various sections. Close-ended questions were asked about the level of agreement by the participants in five levels (strongly disagree, disagree, no idea, agree, strongly agree). The data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24.0. Results: Out of 230 responses, majority of respondent were of age 22-25 years (60%), female (68.3%), doing graduation (83.9%). 55.2% responded that they get information about AI from social media platforms. 51.3% have basic knowledge about use of AI in dentistry. 77.2% agreed that AI will bring major advanced in dentistry. 59.6% agreed that AI can be used as a “definitive diagnostic tool” in the diagnosis of diseases. 66.5% agreed that artificial intelligence can be used for radiographic diagnosis of tooth caries. 71.3% stated that artificial intelligence can be used as a “treatment planning tool” in dentistry. 55.7% stated that artificial intelligence applications should be part of undergraduate dental training. 70.8% responded that lack of awareness is barrier in use of artificial intelligence in dentistry. Conclusion: Awareness about AI and possible use in dentistry was found among students. Study indicated inclusion of AI in teaching and utilization in clinical conditions.
Reg. No. 753
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Endodontic management of dens invaginatus: A case report
G. Akshay
JSS Dental College and Hospital, Mysore, Karnataka, India
Dens invaginatus (DI) also known as dens in dente, is one of the most frequent malformations. It consists of an invagination of the crown surface, which happens during odontogenesis and penetrates the interior of the pulp chamber. The maxillary lateral incisor is the most common site of occurrence. This case report demonstrates a case of DI. A 19 year-old male reported with swelling in the maxillary anterior region. The maxillary right lateral incisor showed pulp necrosis and chronic apical abscess, and a periapical X-ray demonstrated DI lateral incisors. Considering the results of clinical and radiological investigations, a diagnosis of type II DI (Oehler's classification) associated with pulpal necrosis and a chronic periapical abscess was established and a root canal treatment was planned. The patient underwent root canal treatment of 12 under operating microscope. The working length was established, an ultrasonic instrument was used to gain straight line access to the apex with the aid of magnification. Irrigation with 5.25 % NAOCL and ultrasonic activation was done to achieve better canal debridement. At the end of every visit, the canal was filled with calcium hydroxide and the root canal was enlarged up to 50 apical size and obturated with thermoplasticized gutta-percha. The patient is kept under follow-up. A thorough clinical examination of all maxillary anteriors, especially lateral incisors, is important for its early detection and management of DI cases. Clinicians should understand the anatomy and apply modern endodontic technologies such as an operating microscope and ultrasonic instrument.
Reg. No. 755
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Minimally invasive treatment for esthetic management of severe-pitted dental fluorosis: A case report
M. Karthi
Bhabha College of Dental Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
Dental fluorosis is a developmental defect of enamel caused by chronic and excessive fluoride intake resulting in a hypomineralized enamel with increased porosity.This case report describes a minimally invasive technique for treating a severe case of enamel fluorosis with combined opaque white, brown discoloration, and pitted enamel well distributed over the entire facial surfaces of enamel, especially his anterior teeth.A combined minimally invasive treatment, consisted of teeth bleaching, microabrasion, and resin infiltration to improve the esthetic appearance. The result was acceptable for the patient, and he was satisfied as more aggressive treatments were avoided.
Reg. No. 759
Category: Original Research
Evaluation of antibacterial efficacy of Vitex negundo Linn. extract as root canal irrigant against Enterococcus faecalis: An in-vitro study
Ricku Mathew Reji
Babu Banarasi Das College of Dental Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Introduction: Enterococcus faecalis is a Gram-positive facultative anaerobic microorganism that accounts for mostly chronic recurrent periapical infection and failed endodontic therapy. Conventional root canal irrigants have not been able to achieve proper root canal disinfection. A herbal product Vitex negundo Linn. leaf and bark possess strong antibacterial and antifungal property and may have the potential to be potent against E.faecalis. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate & compare antimicrobial efficacy of Vitex negundo Linn extract as root canal irrigant against Enterococcus faecalis. Methods: Root canals were prepared in thirty single rooted human teeth and the samples were autoclaved. After sterilization, the samples root canal apex were sealed with light-cure GIC and mounted on wax. Then the samples were inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis and thereafter the teeth were randomly divided into 3 experimental groups: 3 percent sodium hypochlorite, 2 percent chlorhexidine, 100 mg/ml Vitex negundo Linn., each group consisting of 10 samples. Irrigants from the experimental groups were delivered into the canal. Post irrigation microbial sampling of the prepared root canals was done and the mean CFU/ml count of Enterococcus faecalis was estimated. Results: The mean CFU/ml count of Enterococcus faecalis reduced significantly in all the groups post irrigation. Statistical Analysis: Paired t-test and ANOVA test were used to perform statistical analysis with level of significance at p<0.05. Conclusion: Although 3% NaOCl was the most effective irrigant, all agents exerted acceptable antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis.
Reg. No. 761
Category: Original Research
Comparison of shear bond strength between two bioceramic material and two restorative material
Rupshi Raina
Vananchal Dental College and Hospital, Garhwa, Jharkhand, India
Background: Bioceramic materials have shown biologic and physical properties favourable for regenerative treatment. A key to treatment success is an adequate restoration to prevent microleakage. Aim: To compare the shear bond strength between two bioceramic materials{WMTA (Angelus), biodentine (septodont)} and a two restorative materials {DC composite (coltene), GIC II (fuji)}. Materials and Methods: 80 cylindrical acrylic blocks with a hole in the middle of dimesions 4 mm diameter × 2 mm height were prepared and divided into two groups. Group 1 containing 40 blocks filled with WMTA (Angelus) and Group 2 containing 40 blocks filled with biodentine (septodont). After allowing samples to set according to the manufacturers' instructions, exposed surfaces of the bioceramic materials were restored with restorative materials and again subdivided into four groups. Group 1 A containing 20 blocks restored with GIC, Group 1B containing 20 blocks restored with composite, Group 2A containing 20 blocks restored with GIC, Group 2B containing 20 blocks restored with composite. To test shear bond strength each block was secured in Universal Testing Machine with crosshead advanced at 0.5 mm/min until fracture. Newton peak force was recorded and megapascals calculated following data comparison. Statistical Analysis: Was performed by means of one way analysis of variance (P<0.05). Results: Group 1A showed higher bond strength than Group 2B and Group 1B. Group 2A showed least bond strength. Conclusion: Bond strength of WMTA to GIC was significantly higher could be preferred choice while placing restorative materials upon WMTA.
Reg. No. 762
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Resect to correct: Conservative management of a mutilated mandibular molar: A case report
Kavisha Bajaj
Baba Jaswant Singh Dental College, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
Believing in the discipline of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, one must try to conserve as much tooth structure as possible to provide a functional dentition for years of service. Loss of posterior teeth may result in several undesirable outcomes. The treatment options for a badly mutilated mandibular molar may include extraction followed by a removable partial denture, fixed partial denture or a dental implant to replace the missing tooth. However, with appropriate case selection, hemisection can be a relatively simple, conservative, inexpensive treatment with good chances of success. Hemisection refers to the sectioning of a molar tooth with the removal of unrestorable root (along with the crown part) which maybe affected by periodontal, endodontic, structural defects (cracked roots), or caries. The treatment strategy involves a combined periodontal, endodontic and prosthodontic assessment and evaluation. So, this case report describes the conservative management of a mutilated mandibular first molar by hemisection followed by prosthethic rehabilitation.
Reg. No. 765
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of shear bond strength of biodentine, light cure MTA, TheraCaL LC to resin composite using a universal adhesive: An in-vitro study
Sayali Satish Gandhi
Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University Dental College and Hospital, Sangli, Maharashtra, India
Aim: To evaluate and compare the shear bond strength of Biodentine, Light cure MTA, and TheraCal LC to resin composite using a universal adhesive. Materials and Methods: 84 acrylic blocks will be prepared of 20 mm height and 12 mm diameter and cavity of 2 mm depth and 5 mm diameter with help of 330 Carbide bur made .28 Samples each group (three groups) based on the liner that is condensed in prepared cavity made. A Universal dental adhesive will be applied over the liner surface and then light cured for 10 seconds.The polyethylene tube of 2.5 mm diameter and 4 mm height will be placed over liner surface and filled with composite and light cured. The polyethylene tube will be removed with blade no 15 after the build up and stored in water for 24 hours. The specimens will be attached to the universal testing machine. A chisel with knife edge will be gently held against the resin composite and liner respective interface and loaded at a cross- head at speed of 1.0 mm/min until bond failure occurs. The load at failure will be recorded in Newtons Shear bond strength = load (N) / Area (mm sq). If other than shear bond failure occurs, sample will be replaced with new sample. Statistical Analysis: Appropriate statistical analysis will be done. Results and Conclusions: Ongoing study, results in progress.
Reg. No. 766
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of smear layer removal in curved canals by using 17% EDTA, 10% citric acid and chloroquick solution as final irrigant: In vitro study
V. Pradeep Nivas
RVS Dental College and Hospital, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
Aim: This study aims to evaluate and compare the efficacy of 17% EDTA, 10%citric acid, and chloroquick solution in smear layer removal at apical third of the curved canals using Scanning electron microscope. Materials and Methods: Fifty five extracted human mandibular first molars were used for the study.The teeth were selected of mesial root curvature greater than 40 degrees and resected at the level of CEJ. All samples were instrumented with E3 azure till apical size #20 6% taper with 3% NaOCl irrigation between each file. The samples were randomly divided into five groups (n = 11) on the basis of final irrigant used: Group I: 17% ethylenediaminetetracetic acid (EDTA), Group II: saline (negative control), Group III: 17% EDTA +3%NaOCL, Group IV: 10% Citric acid+3% NaOCL, Group V :Chloroquick solution. The samples were then split into longitudinal sections and observed under scanning electron microscope at apical levels for the amount of smear layer present. Statistical Analysis: Data were analyzed statistically using Kruskal–Wallis analysis of variance followed by the Mann–Whitney U test and Chi square test. The level of significance was set at 0.05. Results: At the apical third, Group V (Chloroquick solution) showed the least smear layer score followed by Group III (17% EDTA) and then Group IV (10% citric acid). The P value was found to be < 0.001. Conclusion: Chloroquick is more effective in smear layer removal in apical third followed by 17% EDTA and then 10% citric acid when used as final irrigant.
Reg. No. 768
Category: Original Research
Does integrated apex locator accurately determine working length in presence of various irrigating solutions – A clinical dilemma?
Chada Venkatasaideep
Panineeya Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Secunderabad, Telangana, India
Aim: To compare and evaluate the accuracy of ROOT ZX MINI and CANAL PRO CL2I under various irrigating solutions. Methodology: In this study 30 patients are chosen who require RCT for single rooted teeth within the age group of 20-40 years. Patients with apical periodontitis and irreversible pulpitis are chosen for the study.Patients are anaesthetised by local anaesthesia followed by rubber dam isolation then access cavity preparation will be performed using Endo access bur [No. 1 Dentsply Maillefer]. After locating the canals orifice flaring done using GG drills no #2,#, pulp extirpation will be done and root canal will be irrigated.The patients will be divided into three groups (N=10)based on the irrigating solution used in the canal. Group 1- 0.9 % Normal saline group [NIRLIFE HEALTHCARE], Group 2-0.2% CHX group [HEXIDINE], Group 3-2.5% sodium hypochlorite group [SEPTODONT]. After placing the irrigant in the canal, WL will be determined using 3 methods radiographic (ingles method), Rot Zx mini and Canal pro cl2i. Results: The obtained values will be noted and their efficacy will be compared after statistical analysis. Conclusion: Accurate determination of the WL is a critical step for the success of endodontic treatment.This study is aimed to evaluate and compare the efficacy of integrated apex locator and fourth generation apex locator under various irrigating solutions.
Reg. No. 769
Category: Original Research
Comparison of sequential irrigation and continuous chelation irrigation on wettability of two root canal sealers to intraradicular dentin: An in-vitro study
K. Rajeswari
Sri Ramachandra Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Aim: To evaluate the influence of sequential irrigation and continuous chelation irrigation on the wettability of two different groups of endodontic sealers to root canal dentin.Rationale: The irrigation of the root canal dentin surface may alter its chemical and structural compositions which might affect the adhesion of root filling materials to the canal walls. Materials and Methods: Single-rooted anterior teeth were longitudinally split to expose intraradicular dentin. The samples were then divided into two groups, Group 1: AH plus sealer and Group 2: Bio C sealer. Each group was further subjected to sequential (a) and continuous chelation Irrigation (b). A droplet of respective endodontic sealers was placed on a flat surface of treated samples and contact angle measurement was carried out using Ossilar Goniometer. Results: The results of one-way ANOVA test revealed no statistical differences between the groups or within the groups (p=0.952). The mean value of wetting ability was highest with group IIa (62.78). On comparing the contact angle values between the subgroups, no significant difference was seen with both groups showing adequate wetting behavior. Conclusion: AH Plus sealer and Bio C sealer showed no statistical difference on wettability to intraradicular dentin. There is no statistical significance between the irrigation protocols used (Sequential irrigation and Continuous Chelation irrigation) on the wettability of sealers to the dentin.
Reg. No. 770
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Management of unusual Talon cusp in maxillary incisors: A rare case report
Prachi Rani
Faculty of Dental Sciences, IMS BHU, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
Talon cusp, a rare developmental anomaly that is more common on the palatal surfaces of maxillary incisors. It occurs in a variety of populations and has a 1.67% prevalence. Its presence causes problems with aesthetics, caries prevention, and occlusal accommodation for the patient, as well as problems with diagnosis and clinical management for the dentist. In this rare case report, Talon's cusp treatment mainly involves reduction of the cusp and management with root canal therapy & vital pulp therapy with biodentine, according to the pulpal status of the both teeth. And in maxillary lateral incisors talon's groove were sealed with flowable composite. Regular intraoral and radiographically follow-ups should be done.
Reg. No. 771
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of mechanical properties of bulk fill composite, flowable composite and high viscosity glass ionomer cement in class II cavity preparation
B. Arunima
Noorul Islam College of Dental Sciences, Pathamkallu, Kerala, India
Introduction: An ideal dental restoration re-establishes the esthetic, functional, and biological properties of the tooth structure. Because of high esthetic properties, use of tooth coloured restorative materials has greatly increased in past decades. Compressive strength is the most important mechanical property of a posterior restorative material.A material with lower compressive strength than the tooth tends to easily fracture. Flexural strength is the material property which measures the fracture resistance of a material. This property evaluates the strength of material. Aim: To compare and assess the mechanical properties of bulk fill composite, flowable composite and high viscosity glass ionomer cement in class II cavity preparation. Materials and Methods: The study will be conducted on 45 premolars with intact root .Class II cavity preparation will be done in all the tooth which are divided into 3 groups. Samples of group 1,2 and 3 will be restored with Bulk fill composite (BEAUTIFIL Bulk Restorative, Shofu Inc, Kyoto, Japan), flowable composite (G-aenial Universal Flo, GC Corp, Tokyo, Japan) and high viscosity GIC (Equia Forte HT, GC Corp, Tokyo, Japan) respectively. Compressive strength and flexural strength will be calculated using universal testing machine. Statistical Analysis: Normality of data will be checked using Shapiro wilk test. Comparison between the groups will be done using One way Analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. Results and Conclusion: Study in progress.
Reg. No. 772
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of residual antibacterial substantivity of chlorhexidine, biopure MTAD and chitosan against Enterococcus faecalis in human root dentin – An in vitro study
S. Sonisha
Noorul Islam College of Dental Sciences, Pathamkallu, Kerala, India
Aim: The aim of the study is to compare the residual antibacterial substantivity action of 2% Chlorhexidine,2% Biopure MTAD and 2% Chitosan against Enterococcus faecalis at intervals of 1 day,7 days and 14 days. Objectives: ØTo evaluate the residual antibacterial efficacy of 2% Chlorhexidine, 2% Biopure MTAD and 2% Chitosan against Enterococcus faecalis alone and at intervals of 1, 7 and 14 days. Statistical Analysis: One-way ANOVA test and Scheffe Multiple Comparisons (post hoc test) will be used to compare remaining CFU among groups. Procedure: Dentin blocks of 4 mm blocks are enlarged to 1.6 mm. A total of 65 specimens will be randomly divided into five groups: Group 1 (21 specimens): Chlorhexidine, Group 2 (21 specimens): MTAD, Group 3 (21 specimens): Chitosan, Group 4 (6 specimens): positive control and Group 5 (6 specimens): negative control. Specimens are contaminated with isolated 24 hr colonies of pure cultures of E. faecalis and 24 well cell culture plates are made. Then specimen are completely immersed with irrigants for 10 mins. The specimens are then incubated at 37°C for 28 days. At experimental times of 1, 7, and 14 days, dentin chips are removed from the canals of groups at t1 (t=1 day), t2 (t2=7 days) and t3 (t=14 days) and growing colonies are recorded as colony-forming units. Results and Conclusion: Antibacterial substantivity of chlorhexidine was found to be highest followed by MTAD and Chlorhexidine.
Reg. No. 773
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of intratubular penetration and push-out bond strength of five different endodontic sealers to root canal dentin after ultrasonic activation – An in-vitro analysis
G. Paveethra Sre
Sri Venkata Sai Institute of Dental Sciences, Mahabubnagar, Telangana, India
Background: One of the primary requirement of sealer is to promote perfect adhesion to root canal wall which improves intratubular penetration & interfacial strength. These properties creates micromechanical interlock which enhances retention & resistance to dislodgement of obturating material .Ultrasonic activation (UA) improves both intratubular penetration & interfacial strength of sealers. Aim: To compare the effect of ultrasonic activation of 5 different endodontic sealers on their intratubular penetration and push-out bond strength to root canal dentin Methods: 100 extracted single rooted teeth collected and decoronated .Root length standardized to 16 mm and root canal preparation done. Teeth were divided into five groups (n=20)-AH26, Pulp canal sealer, BiorootRCS, MTAFillapex, Nanoseal-S & two subgroups with or without ultrasonic activation. Ultrasonic activation done using non-cutting tip adapted to ultrasonic device and obturation performed.Samples then sectioned at 8 mm and 12 mm from apex. RhodamineB dye was incorporated to sealers to provide fluorescence under confocal laser scanning microscope to evaluate intratubular penetration in 8 mm slices. Push-out bond strength evaluated using universal testing machine in 12 mm slices. Statistical Analysis: Kruskal Wallis test. Results: BiorootRCS+UA presented highest penetration and bond strength values and Pulp canal sealer showed least value (P ? .05). Conclusion: BiorootRCS presented highest intratubular penetration and bond strength owing to its hydrophilic and expansion on setting properties.
Reg. No. 774
Category: Systematic Review
Comparative evaluation of different post materials on stress distribution in endodontically treated teeth using finite element analysis method: A systematic review
Hemabhanu Ketineni
MNR Dental College, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
Aim: The aim of this systematic review is to summarize and conclude findings to reveal the stress ranges developed by various post materials by Finite element analysis. This in turn aids in selection of best post material clinically. Materials and Methods: The electronic databases PubMed and Google scholar were searched in this review by using specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. Among 14586 articles, 22 articles were included in this systematic review as they satisfied the eligibility criteria. The search covered all articles published from 1997 to December 2021. All records identified were retrieved and imported into bibliographic software (Rayyan) which is systematic review screening software. Later data extraction and analysis of 22 articles was done. Results: 22 articles were included, where all studies are finite element analysis studies. Among these, 18 studies used maxillary central incisor scanned models and 2 studies used maxillary canine model and remaining 2 used mandibular premolar model for finite element analysis. All these tooth models are restored with posts models made of different materials. This systematic review revealed that there is difference in stress distribution in enododontically treated teeth when using different post materials. Conclusion: Among 22 studies,15 studies evaluated Glass fiber post and the results showed that they induce less stress on restored endodontically treated teeth when compared to other posts, with maximum stress concentration at cervical third. Prefabricated posts like Stainless steel and Titanium showed more stress on the restored tooth structure with stress concentration at cervical and apical third. Prefabricated zirconia also showed more stress on restored tooth with maximum stress concentration at middle third.
Reg. No. 775
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Rescue to rehab: Delivering confident smile: A case report
Surbhi Mahajan
Baba Jaswant Singh Dental College, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
The treatment of traumatic dental injuries is an important aspect of clinical dentistry. Traumatic injuries to a tooth can vary in severity from a simple enamel infraction to a complete ex-articulation of tooth (avulsion). Among these injuries, tooth fracture (crown fractures, crown-root fractures and root fractures) are considered to be the third most common cause of tooth loss. Root fractures are typical traumatic dental injury which can be defined as fractures involving cementum, dentin and pulp. They comprise 0.5 to 7% of the injuries affecting the permanent dentition; commonly occur between the age group of 11 to 30 years and have poor prognosis if not managed appropriately. Horizontal root fractures are most common and occur mainly in the anterior region of the maxilla in fully erupted teeth with complete root formation, owing to a frontal impact. Incisor teeth play a critical role in aesthetics, phonetics and functional activities. Unfortunately, the morphology and location of these teeth make them susceptible to a range of traumatic injuries. In addition to pain and possible infection, the consequences of incisal trauma include alteration in physical appearance, psychological impact & emotional distress for patient thus affecting the quality of life. The aim of the present case report is to describe the conservative management of horizontal root fracture along with multiple modes to rescue a smile.
Reg. No. 776
Category: Original Research
Comparison and evaluation of the microshear bond strength of composite to demineralised dentin after remineralising with Mi – Paste Plus, Remin Pro and Icon resin Infiltrant
Rechu Raju
Babu Banarasi Das College of Dental Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Background: Non-Carious Cervical Lesions (NCCL) are characterized by loss of hard dental tissue near the CEJ. Demineralization occuring in NCCLs and long term remineralizing treatment alter the structure of dentin. Thus, it is a unique challenge for the clinician to successfully restore such demineralized and partially remineralized NCCLs. The reason for compromised bonding of total-etch adhesives to dentin treated with remineralising agents has been stated to be due to the interference of acid resistant hyper mineralized zone. Aim: To compare and evaluate the microshear bond strength (μSBS) of composite to demineralised dentin after remineralising with Mi – Paste Plus, Remin Pro and Icon resin Infiltrant. Methods: 25 extracted premolar tooth were sectioned into buccal & lingual halves and dentin were exposed at the cervical aspect. 50 tooth samples were then demineralised using citric acid solution and divided into different groups according to the remineralising agents used. All samples were then bonded with composite using Etch & Rinse technique & μSBS of the bonded samples were evaluated using UTM. Statistical Analysis: Sample size estimation was done by using GPower software (version 3.0). Sample size was estimated for ANOVA. The significance was set at p < 0.05. Failure modes were analyzed using chi-square test. Results: Resin infiltration groups showed significantly higher bond strength values to composite than the Positive control (Sound dentin), Negative control (demineralised dentin) & remineralised dentin (Remin Pro & Mi Paste Plus). Conclusion: Composite forms a weaker bond to remineralized dentin due to the interference of acid resistant hypermineralized zone.
Reg. No. 777
Category: Original Research
Effect of natural collagen modifiers on the microhardness of dentin: An in vitro study
Alex Rajan
Annoor Dental College, Ernakulam, Kerala, India
Background: Dentin has a pivotal role in maintaining the core structural integrity of teeth. Iatrogenic tooth preparation and chemical agent application deteriorate the mechanical and structural stability of dentin.Natural dentin biomodifiers have high crosslink potential to collagen without much tissue toxicity. Aim: To evaluate and compare the effect of chitosan, proanthocyanidins (Vitis vinifera) and genipin (Gardenia jasminoides) in the microhardness of dentin. Methodology: Single 1 mm-thick disk from middle coronal dentin will be obtained from each tooth and were then sectioned into dentin beams (1.7 mm × 1 mm × 6 mm). The prepared samples of demineralized dentin beams will be randomly divided into 5 groups (n =9).For biomodification, the demineralized beams will be individually immersed in 1 mL each of respective solution for 1 min, to simulate a clinically relevant time following which beams will be vigorously rinsed with distilled water for 30 seconds to remove unbound crosslinkers. Group Treatment Solution, Group I Distilled water, Group II Chitosan, Group III Proanthocyanidine, Group IV Genipin, Group V Sodium hypochlorite. The representative hardness value for each specimen will be obtained as the average of the results for the three indentations. Descriptive statistics such as frequency, proportions, mean and standard deviations will be used for analysis. ANOVA test along with Tukey post hoc analysis will be used for comparing mean between the groups.
Reg. No. 778
Category: Systematic Review
Evaluation of the antibacterial activity of various endodontic sealers against Enterococcus faecalis by using polymerase chain reaction – A systemic review
Shahana Shajahan
PMS Dental College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
Background: E.faecalis is the predominant micro-organism recovered from the root canal of the teeth that were previously endodontically treated. Elimination of this is still challenging after many studies. PCR is a valuable tool for the identification of endodontic pathogens. The main objective of this systematic review is to check the antibacterial activity of different Endodontic sealers against E.faecalis using PCR. AIM-The aim of this systemic review is to analyze the Antibacterial activity of various Endodontic sealers effective against E. faecalis by using PCR. Methodology: This systematic review was prepared per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement 15 and the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Results: 13 articles were assessed using full-text contents only 4 articles were matching the inclusion criteria of the study. No standardization was found among the studies regarding the cultivation of E.faecalis and sealer application in the canal and evaluation times. Conclusion: A total of 4 studies was included in this review out of which all 4 were in vitro studies with the lowest foundational evidence. Based on risk assessment all 4 in vitro studies 2 had medium and 2 had a high-risk bias. With the confines of this review, the evidence indicates that different categories of root canal sealers demonstrate different antibacterial activity against E.faecalis. The antibacterial activity of different root canal sealers tends to decrease as the material sets. This review strongly suggests that antibacterial properties should be tested at different phased time intervals along with long duration.
Reg. No. 780
Category: Original Research
Evaluation of pre-fabricated fiber post enclosed with fibers in reinforcing grossly decayed maxillary pre molars: An in vitro study
Devansh Verma
College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
Objective: The objective of this study is to compare the fracture resistance under static loading of grossly decayed maxillary pre molar tooth, restored with Pre-Fabricated fiber post enclosed by Everstick Fiber and FibraFill. Materials and Methods: Fifty human maxillary premolars were collected, randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 10). Group 1 (negative control): Grossly decayed tooth, Group 2 (positive control): Tooth restored with direct composite restoration, Group 3 Pre fabricated fiber post was placed & restored with direct composite restoration, Group 4: Pre fabricated fiber post was placed, enclosed with Everstick fiber & restored with direct composite restoration, Group 5: Fibrafill was placed & restored with direct composite restoration. Specimens were kept humid at 37°C for one day. Specimens were submitted to static fracture resistance test. Testing was performed using universal testing machine by applying a compressive static load to evaluate the fracture resistance. Statical Analysis and Results: Awaited.
Reg. No. 781
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Perfect bonding to perfect smile
Gayatri Majumder
Haldia Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Haldia, West Bengal, India
There have been many materials that are used for centuries for aesthetic purposes and the invention of dentin bonding agents opened a new era of adhesive dentistry. In this era of adhesive dentistry dental ceramics is the material of choice because of its biocompatibility, durability & lifelike appearance. Different types of ceramics have different bonding protocols which should be followed religiously for long-term success. Dental ceramics with their verities and wide range of applications, it is possible to deliver a reason for smiling. So, we can say by ensuring a perfect bonding, we can achieve a long-lasting perfect smile. In this presentation, different bonding steps and strategies for different types of ceramics are discussed along with some clinical cases.
Reg. No. 782
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of remaining dentin thickness using three different rotary file system
Shaik Muzammil Taj
Divya Jyoti College of Dental Sciences, Niwari Dehat, Uttar Pradesh, India
Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the remaining dentin thickness by using Hyflex EDM, protaper next and super endo by using cone beam computed tomography. Materials and Methods: In this study, thirty freshly extracted human posterior teeth were selected. They were divided into three experimental groups [Group I (Hyflex EDM), Group II (protaper next), Group III (super endo)]. Endodontic access was prepared in each tooth and working length was determined by 15 k file. Pre-operative cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan of teeth was taken. Biomechanical preparation was done. Post instrumentation, cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan was taken to evaluate the remaining dentin thickness. Results: All the three groups showed sufficient remaining dental thickness. Conclusion: All the files used in this study can be considered as acceptable in terms of remaining dentin thickness within the limitations of the study.
Reg. No. 783
Category: Original Research
Anesthetic efficiency of Buccal Infilteration with 4% articaine versus anesthetic efficiency of inferior alveolar nerve block with 2% lidocaine in mandibular molars with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis
Setu Katyal
J. N. Kapoor Dav Centenary Dental College, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India
Introduction: Achieving profound anesthesia is a great challenge in mandibular molars particularly in teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis and in many cases supplemental anesthesia is required during the endodontic therapy. Articaine due to its efficiency, minimal toxicity and short onset of action can be used as an alternative to Lidocaine therefore, this study was taken to compare the anesthetic efficiency of 4% articaine buccal infiltration and 2% Lidocaine IANB in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis in mandibular molars. Aim: To compare the anesthetic efficiency of Buccal Infiltration with 3.6 ml of 4% Articaine versus anesthetic efficiency of IANB with 3.6 ml of 2% Lidocaine in Mandibular Molars with Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis in a randomized controlled trial. Methodology: 60 patients who had mandibular molars diagnosed with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis were selected for the study. 30 patients were randomly allocated into two groups. One group received 3.6 ml of 4% Articaine buccal infiltration (1:100000 adrenaline) and the other group received Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block injection with 3.6 ml of 2% Lidocaine (1:80000 adrenaline). The pain experienced by patients during access opening and pulp extirpation was recorded using Heft Parker Visual Analogue scale. Absence of pain or presence of mild pain was considered as anesthetic success while presence of moderate or severe pain was considered as failure. Results, Statistical Analysis and Conclusion: The results are being compiled and statistically analyzed and will be sent shortly.
Reg. No. 785
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Customized post and core fabricated with 3D-laser sintering technology: A case of CAD/CAM
Laxmi Pandey
Babu Banarasi Das College of Dental Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Endontontically treated teeth with substantial loss of coronal tooth structure has higher risk of clinical failure due to inferior property. The long term success a proper meaningful of supporting structure is also important along with endodontic therapy. After endodontic therapy a proper restorative technique is necessary to ensure coronal seal and protection of residual teeth, which have lost two or more walls need to restored with posts to increase retention and stability of final restoration. Nowadays with many rehabilitation techniques and endodontics post in the market. The use of 3D printing to fabricate laser sintering customized post and CAD/CAM core is a new innovative which is simple and quick alternative to conventional method. Many teeth suffer from significant structural defect and the coronal reconstruction. In these cases placement of restoration margin may extend subgingivally and encroach upon the periodontal attachment zone or biologic width. In this case report, we describe a procedure for grossly decayed canine and premolar teeth with compromise gingival health and by Osseous Reduction was done subsequent to which restoring teeth with 3D laser sintering Post and CAD/CAM core. The 3D printed post enables the use of thinner homogenous cement layer, It eliminate the need to construct a composite resin core build up.
Reg. No. 786
Category: Original Research
Evaluation of push out bond strength and marginal adaptation of a new nano modified pullulan mta as root end filling material – In vitro analysis
B. Pragathi
Rajah Muthiah Dental College and Hospital, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India
Background: Root end filling material: To improve drawbacks of MTA such as poor sealing ability, poor displacement resistance and difficulty in handling properties as root end filling material, new nano modified Pullulan is added. Aim: To compare the push-out bond strength and marginal adaptation of MTA and P-MTA [MTA with Pullulan] at radicular dentin interface. Methods: Forty single-rooted freshly extracted human teeth with mature apices, decoronated to create root samples with a standardized length of 16 mm, root-ends were then resected perpendicular to the long axes of the teeth. Specimens were divided into 2 groups (n = 20) according to tested material. After filling the root-end cavity, samples were subjected to push-out bond strength (UTI) and marginal adaptation (SEM) evaluation. Statistical Analysis: Independent sample t-test. Results: Significant difference recorded between MTA and P-MTA groups. Conclusion: Phosphorylated pullulan (PPL) can bind to the hydroxyapatites found in mineralized tissues. It is excellent as a biomaterial since it is non-toxic and the hydroxyl groups within pyranose rings of Pullulan can be replaced with phosphate groups, where the strong chemical interaction formed between the phosphate and hydroxyl groups aids in adhesion to hard tissue and improves marginal adaptation.
Reg. No. 787
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
BioBeauty: A case series
Sonal Sahu
Terna Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Bioceramics are amongst the recently introduced materials in endodontics that have changed the face of endodontics. The full potential is only beginning to be recognized. The advantages of bioceramics are its biological compatibility and antimicrobial properties. Bioceramics offer new treatment options for improving prognosis in many operative and endodontic procedures. Management of root resorptions, procedural errors, vital pulp therapy procedures like direct pulp capping, indirect pulp capping, pulpotomy, and apexification are some areas where bioceramic materials can be used. They have shown promising results in the resolution of periapical lesions when used as sealers. This case series presents a variety of cases treated with bioceramic materials across different operative and endodontic procedures. All the cases showed resolution of symptoms and radiographic signs that were consistent with accepted success measures.
Reg. No. 788
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Management of horizontal middle third root fracture in maxillary central incisor: A case report
Aiyman Ayubi
Faculty of Dental Sciences, IMS BHU, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
Introduction: Radicular fractures in permanent teeth are uncommon injuries among dental traumas, being only 0.5-7% of the cases. Horizontal root fracture most commonly occurs in the middle third of the root and very rarely in the coronal and apical third. Maxillary central incisors are more prone to traumatic injuries (approximately 68%) probably due to their position in the dental arch. Aim: The aim of this case report is to describe a case of horizontal root fracture in the middle third in maxillary left central incisor. Materials and Methods: Endodontic treatment was completed by obturation with Bioceramic sealer, followed by prosthetic rehabilitation with fiber post and zirconia crown. Clinical Significance: Proper diagnosis and treatment planning are key to management of horizontal root fractures. A functional and aesthetic outcome following treatment is achieved by a combined therapy, including restorative, endodontic, prosthodontic, periodontal and orthodontic therapies. Conclusion: The main aim of treating fractured elements is to keep the tooth steady and maintain its position in the dental arch whenever possible. This helps to prevent unnecessary loss of teeth and maintenance of the teeth in proper function.
Reg. No. 790
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Comprehensive management of acute adolescent cervical caries involving multiple maxillary anterior teeth
Silviya Samad
Faculty of Dental Sciences, IMS BHU, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
Caries in anterior teeth may result in various problems for esthetic and physical appearance. Acute caries progresses at a faster rate and it involves multiple teeth. Such a condition is more common in the adolescent period due to psychosocial factors and inattention to oral health. Early diagnosis and initiation of preventive and restorative therapies are imperative in its management. Otherwise, it may lead to necrotic pulp. Various treatment modalities are available depending upon the clinical, physiological, and radiographic status of the involved tooth. The purpose of this case report is to present a case of the esthetic complex case in a 14 - year - old patient having cervical caries in maxillary incisors. Caries were removed from all maxillary incisors until sound tooth structure become visible. Involved teeth were successfully treated by various approaches including endodontic treatment, placement of fibre post, core build-up, and restoration with metal ceramic crown and composite resin.
Reg. No. 791
Category: Original Research
An in vitro comparative evaluation of the effect of 1% phytic acid, 1.5% peracetic acid, and 3% sodium hypochlorite as irrigants, on the push out bond strength of tricalcium silicate (biodentine)
K. R. Keshav
Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
Aim: To investigate the effect of 1%phytic acid,1.5% peracetic acid, and 3% sodium hypochlorite as irrigants, on the push out bond strength of tricalcium silicate (biodentine) and To evaluate the mode of failure using stereomicroscope. Materials and Methods: Sixty recently extracted human mandibular molars were randomly distributed in 3 groups (n=20), G1-3% Sodium Hypochlorite, G2- 1% Phytic Acid, G3-1.5% PerAcetic Acid. Perforation will be prepared by using a 1.5 mm Round Bur, the bur is held perpendicular to the furcal floor and parallel to the long axis of the tooth, Biodentine in putty like consistency packed into perforation using a condenser. The volume of irrigant is 5 ml of solution used for 1 minute followed by 1 ml of normal saline used as a final irrigant to remove traces of the solutions used, Push out bond strength is analyzed by using universal testing machine. All specimens are observed under stereoscope at 15X magnification to determine the Adhesive failure, Cohesive failure and Mixed failure. One-way ANOVA test and Tukey's post hoc analysis for Pushout bond strength, Chi Square test for compare the modes of failure will be used for the Statistical analysis. Results and Conclusion: Study under progress.
Reg. No. 792
Category: Original Research
Analyzing the accuracy of built-in and conventional apex locator in presence of various irrigating solutions for working length determination
I. Desai Urooj, Anisha Parmar
Karnavati School of Dentistry, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
Introduction: The most important step in the root canal treatment is the efficient cleaning and shaping of the root canal. There are various techniques for determining the working length (WL) in a root canal system. And Apex locators have been the most important aid in determining the same. Conventional Apex locators (EAL) are consistently employed nowadays for WL determination. Apart from the EAL, Integrated apex locators (IAL) have also come into the market that aim to reduce the number of steps. Objectives: The objective of this in vitro study was to analyze the accuracy of Eighteeth E-Connect S (IAL) and Root ZX Mini (EAL) in the presence of two different irrigating solutions. Methodology: Thirty freshly extracted, single-rooted teeth were taken. The teeth were then individually mounted on an alginate mould. The measurements of the mounted samples of both the groups were taken accordingly based on the irrigating solutions. WL determination was done one by one with both Conventional Apex locator & Integrated apex locator, respectively in 3% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and 2% Chlorhexidine (CHX). Statistical analysis was performed using One Way ANOVA test. Results: The test results showed that there was no statistically significant difference between EAL & IAL in both groups when compared with the actual WL. Conclusion: Both ALs were equally effective in determining WL at ±0.5 mm from the apex in the presence of irrigating solutions, i.e., NaOCl and CHX.
Reg. No. 793
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of flexural fatigue life of novel endodontic rotary instruments: A finite element analysis
Rimjhim Singh
Babu Banarasi Das College of Dental Science, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Context: A common clinical complication of root canal treatment is fracture of an endodontic file due to change in their mechanical behavior when subjected to bending and torsional condition inside root canal. Recently, The Finite element analysis has continued to be a significant research tool for analysing the mechanical behaviour of endodontic rotary files under bending and torsional conditions inside root canal. Aims: To comparatively evaluate the stress generated by tested novel Ni-Ti rotary files against curved root canal wall at three different levels by 3 D finite model. Materials and Methods: In this study, mechanical behaviour of four different Ni-Ti rotary files systems i.e., TruNatomy, One Curve, XP endo Shaper, F360 files were tested by creating 3-D finite models using computer-aided design software and later these novels tested rotary files were numerically analysed in ANSYS® 15 Workbench finite element method. Statistical Analysis: Sample size estimation was done by using GPower software (version 3.0). And was estimated for one-way ANOVA minimum total sample size of 40 was found to be sufficient for an alpha of 0.05. In the present study one curve rotary file demonstrated maximum stress on the canal wall. Results: Maximum stress on the canal wall among the tested files was demonstrated by one curve rotary file. Conclusions: Improvement in design and metallurgy of rotary files resulted in increasing the flexibility and the torsional resistance of these files.
Reg. No. 794
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Guidodontics: The GPS of surgical endodontics – A case series
Aishwarya Sudha, Atul Krishnan
Babu Banarasi Das College of Dental Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Technological advances in the past few decades have greatly impacted our lives and made it very simple. Navigation is one such advancement. The concept of Navigation when used in Endodontics is known as guided endodontics. The notion of this Guided approach was first narrated by Gabriel Krastl et al. in 2016. The approach makes use of a CBCT to obtain a DICOM file format, extraoral scan for STL file and a software to superimpose the two different file types and a 3D printer for printing of the templates. This case series describes and defines the excellence of the guided surgical approach in being so predictable, precise and conservative in retrieval of separated instruments extending beyond the confines of root canal space in comparison to the conventional approach which completely relies on the operator's experience and skills. Conclusion: Guided endodontic microsurgery minimally involves the surrounding structures, thus ensuring better healing and minimal risk of damage to the anatomical structures.
Reg. No. 795
Category: Original Research
The influence of varying tapers of gutta percha on the push out bond strength of two bioceramic sealers – An in vitro study
Shruti Agarwal
MNR Dental College, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
Background: One of the keys to successful root canal therapy is to adequately obturate the prepared root canal space as it provides a complete filling to create a fluid-tight seal. Gutta-percha is the most commonly used obturating material. As gutta-percha does not bond to root dentin, it is used in combination with a root canal sealer. Endodontic sealers establish a connection between the root dentin and the gutta-percha and seal irregularities in root canals. Bond strength of endodontic sealers to dentin is an important property because it minimizes the risk of filling detachment from dentin. Bio ceramics are considered to have a good adhesion & biocompatibility. Push out Bond strength test has become popular method for determining the effectiveness of adhesion between root canal filling materials and root dentin wall. Several studies have been published evaluating the bond strengths of bio ceramic sealers but none of these studies evaluated the influence of varying taper of gutta percha on the bond strength of bio ceramic sealers. Aim: To evaluate the influence of varying tapers of gutta percha on the push out bond strength of two bio ceramic sealers. Materials and Methods: 40 extracted single-rooted human teeth will be taken and root canal preparation will be done.• 2 bio ceramic sealers-CERASEAL and NISHIKA canal sealer BG will be used. • 2 tapers of gutta percha-.04% and .06% will be used for the obturation.• Each root will be sectioned horizontally and loading will be performed under the universal testing machine. Results: Results are awaited.
Reg. No. 796
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of fracture resistance of different posts in endodontically treated teeth: An in vitro study
Kanika
Divya Jyoti College of Dental Sciences, Niwari Dehat, Uttar Pradesh, India
Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the fracture resistance and primary mode of failure of different posts in endodontically treated teeth. Materials and Methods: 30 extracted human maxillary central incisors were selected. After endodontic instrumentation and irrigation all canals were obturated. The crown of each tooth was reduced to a height of 1 mm above the cemento-enamel junction in order to simulate the clinical situation of a reduced tooth structure so that the resistance to fracture of the post system used will be more relevant clinically. After 48 hr, the gutta-percha was removed using a Peeso reamer until a depth of 10 mm, leaving 5 mm of gutta-percha at the apex as apical seal. Post space was prepared for all the specimens using corresponding drill. A post space of depth 10 mm was standardized from the cut tooth surface that was taken as the reference point. The prepared roots were randomly divided into 3 groups: Group1: Zirconium enriched glass fiber post (Easy post), Group 2: Un-polymerized glass fiber post (Everstick post), Group3: Unpolymerized glass fiber reinforced composite posts (Rebilda post GT). The posts were cemented using adhesive resins, composite core will be fabricated. The samples will be embedded in auto polymerizing resin. The samples were tested on universal testing machine for fracture resistance and primary mode of failure of different posts in endodontically treated teeth and analyzed statistically.
Reg. No. 799
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of three different root canal irrigants and three activated irrigation systems against Enterococcus faecalis – A PCR study
Achsah Raichel Johnson
Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Puducherry, India
Background: Three-dimensional sterilization is arduous to achieve, because of the intricacies of the root canal system like lateral canals, fins, and apical delta. Hence a lot of effort has been put into developing novel endodontic irrigants and activation techniques to improve the efficacy of antimicrobial agents. Aim: To compare and evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy (E feacalis) of three different root canal irrigants combined with three activated irrigation systems. Methods: Root canals of 84 human extracted single-canal teeth were instrumented, sterilized, contaminated with E. faecalis, and incubated for 7 days. The infected teeth were then distributed into 3 groups (Endoactivator, Passive ultrasonic Irrigation, EndoVac) and 3 subgroups (AgNP, HEDP, MTAD) each. The positive control group was rinsed with sterile saline solution. The number of bacteria in each canal was determined by plate count and confirmed for E. faecalis by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: One-way analysis of variance for mean difference, Bonferroni Post Hoc for multiple comparisons tests. There was significant reduction in the bacterial population for all groups (p < 0.001), but group III showed statistically significant difference in reduction of E. faecalis. The best antibacterial efficacy was recorded after EndoVac irrigation with both MTAD (99.999 %) and HEDP (99.999 %) compared to the positive control group. Conclusion: All four irrigation delivery systems have been found to be effective in the reduction of E. faecalis. Endovac showed comparable efficacy in reduction of colony-forming units to that of other delivery systems used in the study.
Reg. No. 800
Category: Systematic Review
The outcome of partial pulpotomy in traumatized permanent anterior teeth
Sorna Malar
SRM Kattankulathur Dental College, Kancheepuram, Tamil Nadu, India
Background: Partial pulpotomy is a procedural intervention that said to be maintaining the vitality of pulp during the management of traumatized permanent teeth with pulpal involvement. This systematic review was to analyze the existing literature to evaluate whether partial pulpotomy can be considered as a reliable conservative treatment option for treating traumatized permanent anterior teeth with pulpal involvement. Aim: To evaluate whether partial pulpotomy can be considered as a reliable conservative treatment option for treating traumatized permanent anterior teeth with pulpal involvement. Methodology: A computerized systematic search was performed in PubMed, Science Direct, Cochrane and LILACS databases from 1980 to May 2021.Five studies were included in the final analysis.Quality assessment, Meta-analysis and publication bias of the studies were evaluated.The systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis principles. Results: The comprehensive Meta-analysis software was used, the test of the heterogeneity was analyzed using Cochran Q statistics.The Q value was 7.186 with a p value of 0.3 and I2 as 16.5%.The studies were considered homogeneous, the fixed-effect model showed the overall point estimate of 0.89 with a 95% confidence interval. Conclusion: Evidence indicates that partial pulpotomy may be considered a reliable definitive treatment option in asymptomatic traumatized permanent anterior teeth with exposed pulp.
Reg. No. 802
Category: Original Research
Tissue dissolving ability of two novel root canal irrigants - Triton versus Twin Kleen – An in vitro study
Naveena Kadali, Himasai Reddy Vanga
Government Dental College and Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
Context: Sodium hypochlorite is commonly used irrigant with antimicrobial and tissue dissolving ability. Twin Kleen and Triton are newer irrigants that can be used in continuous chelation method. Studies comparing the tissue dissolving ability of Triton vs Twin Kleen vs 3% NaOCl are not yet reported. Aims: The aim of the present study is to evaluate and compare the effect of 3% NaOCl, TwinKleen and Triton All In One Irrigation solution, on the bovine tissue dissolving ability. Materials and Methods: Fresh bovine muscle tissue will be cut into equal pieces of 4 mm x 4 mm x 2 mm to obtain a total of 60 samples which will be divided randomly into four groups (n=15). Each sample will be blot dried and initial weight will be determined using electronic balance. Group 1- Normal saline (control), Group 2- 3% NaOCl, Group 3- Twin Kleen (freshly mixed solution 3% NaOCl with 18% HEDP), Group 4- Triton All in One. All specimens will be immersed in the solutions for 10 minutes and ultrasonically agitated. The samples will be blotted dry and weighed again and percentage of weight loss will be calculated. Statistical Analysis: Statistical analysis will be performed using one -way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test for multiple comparisons using SPSS software version 23.0. Results: Study in progress.
Reg. No. 806
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Non surgical management of large periapical lesion: A case series
Salahudheen Nadakkavil, M. Khadeeja
Azeezia College of Dental Sciences and Research, Kollam, Kerala, India
Periapical lesions are sequelae to endodontic infection caused due to dental caries or trauma and manifest itself as the host defence response to microbial challenge. Treatment modalities for periapical lesions include non-surgical root canal treatment, periapical surgery, or tooth extraction. All inflammatory periapical lesions should be initially treated with nonsurgical endodontic procedures. Calcium hydroxide is a widely used material in endodontic treatment because of its bactericidal effects. It is thought to create favorable conditions for periapical repair and stimulate hard tissue formation. A success rate of 80% has been reported with calcium hydroxide, when used for endodontic treatment of teeth with periapical lesions. This case series demonstrates successful non surgical management of a large periapical lesion using calcium hydroxide as an intracanal medicament with 12 months follow-up.
Reg. No. 807
Category: Original Research
Effect of intracanal cryotherapy and corticosteroid solution on post endodontic pain in single visit root canal treatment – Clinical study
Yatham Rohini
G. Pulla Reddy Dental College and Hospital, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India
Aim: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of 2.50 cold saline irrigation and corticosteroid as final irrigant on postoperative pain after single visit root canal treatment. Methodology: In this study 45 patients are chosen who require root canal treatment within age group of 20-40 years. Patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis with apical periodontitis are chosen for the study. Patients are anaesthetized by local anesthesia followed by rubber dam isolation then access cavity preparation and biomechanical preparation. The teeth were randomly divided into 3 groups depending on the final irrigant used Group-1 (15) -Control Group 0.9% saline at room temperature, Group-2 (15) -Test Group, Cryotherapy Group: Final irrigation with 2.5oc of 0.9% physiological saline solution for 5 min. Group-3 (15)-Test Group, Corticosteroid group: with dexamethasone. Treatments will be performed in a single visit. Participants will be asked to rate intensity of their post-operative pain using visual analogue scale at 6 h, 24 h and 48 h. Results: The obtained values will be noted and their efficacy will be compared after statistical analysis. Conclusion: Pain management during and after root canal treatment is one of the most important aspects of endodontic practice. Cryotherapy is simple cost-effective nontoxic option for post-operative pain control in single visit root canal treatment. Corticosteroids have biological ability to inhibit the inflammatory response and therefore can be expected to reduce or eliminate pain associated with inflamed tissues.
Reg. No. 808
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of the effect of herbal antioxidant on microleakage of composite restoration to bleached teeth: An in-vitro study
Hrishita Majumder
Bharati Vidyapeeth Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
Background: Bleaching is done to manage discolored teeth. Free radicals released by bleaching agents break down the stains and lighten teeth. These free radicals interfere with the bonding of composite to tooth and may result in microleakage at the tooth- composite interface. Use of antioxidants have been recommended to remove free radicals and immediately bond composite to tooth. Aloe vera is rich in antioxidants. Hence, the study. Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the neutralizing effect of aloe vera on the microleakage of composite restorations in endodontically treated teeth after intracoronal bleaching. Materials and Methods: 50 single-rooted, single-canal premolars were endodontically treated and divided into 5 groups (n=10): Group 1- no bleaching was done and composite was immediately bonded, Group 2- bleaching was done and composite was immediately bonded, Group 3- bleaching was done and composite was delayed for 2 weeks, Group 4- post bleaching, 10% sodium ascorbate was used for 30 minutes followed by composite bonding, Group 5- post bleaching, 10% aloe vera was applied for 30 minutes followed by composite bonding. Specimens were subjected to microleakage test for 2 days and then longitudinally split. Microleakage was tested under a stereomicroscope. Statistical Analysis: Data will be analyzed using Chi-square test and ANOVA. Results: Results awaited. Conclusion: Conclusion awaited.
Reg. No. 809
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of wettability of three different root canal sealers – An in vitro study
Uppalapati Yasaswini, P. Ajay Teja
Lenora Institute of Dental Sciences, Rajanagaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
Introduction: The capability of root canal sealers to seal root canal is reinforced by minimizing the amount of sealer and assessing good adaptation and penetration of the sealer into the root dentin. Thickness of sealer and its adaptation to root dentin is the main function of sealer's physical and chemical properties. Flow is an important property that shows its capability to penetrate into small irregularities of the root canal. The purpose of this study was to determine the contact angle of Silicate, Bioceramic, and Resin based sealers after treating the dentin with irrigants. Aim: To evaluate and compare the contact angle and wettability of Silicate based (GUTTA FLOW BIOSEAL), Bioceramic based (CERASEAL), and Resin based sealers (AH PLUS) Materials and Methods: 30 freshly extracted single-rooted teeth will be selected and decoronated. They will be then split longitudinally to obtain 60 dentin sections which will be trimmed as flat dentin bars of 2 mm thickness. Then these 60 dentin bars will be randomly divided into 3 groups based on the sealer used. The controlled volume of the sealer will be dispensed on to the treated dentin specimen using a micropipette. The contact angles of a drop of sealer with the dentin surfaces will be measured after 5 mins using Ossila Goniometer. Statistical Analysis: The obtained results will be subjected to Mean, Standard deviation and Tukey post hoc test. Results: Study under progress.
Reg. No. 810
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of remaining root dentin thickness following the use of two different rotary nickel titanium retreatment files – An in vitro study
M. Snowyel Jesu Jenson
Sree Mookambika Institute of Dental Sciences, Kulasekaram, Tamil Nadu, India
Aim: The aim of the study is to comparatively evaluate the remaining root dentin thickness following use of two different rotary nickel titanium retreatment files, namely, Protaper retreatment files and XP endo Finisher R. Methodology: Twenty extracted mandibular premolars will be selected and access openings will be prepared with round diamond burs. The working length will be established 1 mm short of the radiographic apex using 10 size K-file. The canals will be prepared to master apical size 40 K-file followed by step back preparation The canals will be coated with AH-Plus sealer and obturated with 2% gutta percha cones in lateral compaction technique and temporarily sealed. After obturation the remaining dentin thickness will be evaluated using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). The samples were randomly assigned to two groups. Group I (n=10) will be retreated with ProTaper retreatment files and Group II (n = 10) will be retreated with XP endo Finisher R retreatment files. After retreatment procedure all samples will be subjected to CBCT imaging to evaluate the remaining dentin thickness. Results: Study under progress.
Reg. No. 811
Category: Original Research
A comparative evaluation of effect of sodium hypochlorite, chlorhexidine and EDTA on microhardness of MTA: An in vitro study
P. Nandhini
Sree Mookambika Institute of Dental Sciences, Kulasekaram, Tamil Nadu, India
Aim: The aim of the study is to compare effect of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite, 2% chlorhexidine gluconate and 17% EDTA on the microhardness of Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and Dentin . Materials and Methods: Twenty single canal premolars are selected for this study, and the canal spaces are prepared with #5 Gates glidden drill. The dentin of these teeth is horizontally sectioned into 1-mm thick slices at the mid-root level. MTA is placed into the canal space of dentin slices. The samples are wrapped in wet gauze and allowed to set for 48 hours and divided into four groups (n = 5). No irrigation is performed in the control group (Group I). Group II, Group III, Group IV immersed into 5.25% NaOCl ,2% CHX, 17% EDTA for 30 min. After immersion, all samples of Group II, Group III, Group IV are removed from the test solutions, rinsed with Distilled water. Surface hardness of each sample is measured using Micro Vickers hardness testing machine. Results: Study is under progress.
Reg. No. 812
Category: Original Research
Evaluation of isthmus incidence in permanent mandibular first molars in population of Ahmednagar district: A cone-beam computerized tomographic study
Samidha S. Aher
Rural Dental College, Loni, Maharashtra, India
Aim: This study aimed to analyse incidence of isthmus in human permanent mandibular first molar teeth using cone-beam computed tomographic imaging technique in population of Ahmednagar. Materials and Methods: Sixty Permanent mandibular first molar teeth were collected after extraction, rinsed, cleansed, and stored. The samples were visualized under a magnifying loupe with illumination for intact occlusal and root morphology and selected as per accepted criteria. The root surfaces were cleaned and analysed using digital radiography, and those with canal calcifications were discarded. The teeth were mounted on an occlusal rim. In a single imaging scan, two arches were kept in such a way that its occlusal surfaces face each other with a layer of wax in between them for separation and stabilization. They were then mounted on the cone-beam tomography machine, imaging was carried out, and presence of isthmus was assessed using the classification of isthmuses by Hsu and Kim. The group-wise data observed on the incidence of isthmus, were recorded and compared statistically, and the results were tabulated. Results: Results were tabulated and analysed.
Reg. No. 814
Category: Original Research
The effect of various collagen crosslinkers on the push-out bond strength of an epoxy resin sealer to sodium hypochlorite treated root dentin: An in-vitro study
N. H. Vineeth, S. Anila
Mar Baselios Dental College, Thrikkariyoor, Kerala, India
Background and Objectives: The use of sodium hypochlorite as endodontic irrigant during cleaning and shaping reduces the bond strength of resin sealers and cements. Collagen crosslinkers increase dentin stiffness by increasing the number of intramolecular collagen crosslinks thereby increasing the bond strength. So, this study aims to compare depth of the effect of sodium ascorbate, grape seed extract, riboflavin 5 phosphate on the push-out bond strength of epoxy resin sealer to sodium hypochlorite treated root dentin. Methods: Forty single rooted extracted human teeth were randomly divided into four groups based on the final irrigation protocol: Group 1 (saline), Group 2 (10% sodium ascorbate), Group 3 (10% grape seed extract) and Group 4 (1% riboflavin 5 phosphate). The canals were cleaned, shaped, and obturated with gutta percha and AH Plus sealer. 1.5 mm thick root slices made from coronal, middle, and apical thirds of the canal were subjected to push out bond strength (PBS) testing and the mode of failure was then analyzed using scanning electron microscopy. Results: The results of the study show that 10% grape seed extract as final irrigating solution after the use of sodium hypochlorite significantly increases the bond strength of dentin followed by 1% riboflavin 5 phosphate and 10% sodium ascorbate. Interpretation and Conclusion: Collagen crosslinkers when used as final irrigating solution increases the compromised bond strength of AH Plus to dentin treated with sodium hypochlorite.
Reg. No. 815
Category: Original Research
The effect of nanoparticles as intracanal medicaments on fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth – An in vitro study
Yata Prashanth Kumar
Government Dental College
Background: Elimination of bacteria from root canal system involves use of irrigation and intracanal medicaments. In routine, Calcium hydroxide is commonly used as intracanal medicament. The emergence of nanoparticles with antimicrobial properties shown promising results in elimination of bacteria from root canal system. Within the limited literature on the effect of different nanoparticles as intracanal medicaments on root fracture resistance has not been thoroughly investigated. Aim: To evaluate fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth after using nanoparticles as intracanal medicaments. Materials and Methods: Extracted human single-rooted teeth were selected for the study. The specimens were sectioned to obtain a standard root length and working length determination was done. Cleaning and shaping was done in all the samples till the size F3 (Protaper universal). The samples were randomly divided into four groups based on the intracanal medicament. Group-I: Chitosan, Group-II: Silver nanoparticles, Group-III Calcium hydroxide, Group-IV: negative control (without intracanal medicament). All specimens in each group were incubated for 1 week. Then, medicaments were removed and filled with gutta-percha. All samples will were tested for fracture resistance under universal testing machine. Results and Conclusion: To be evaluated (study in progress).
Reg. No. 816
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Efficacy and treatment of icon infiltration resin on white spot lesions – A case report
T. Theodore Rajah, J. Jeya Vinotha
Sree Mookambika Institute of Dental Sciences, Kulasekaram, Tamil Nadu, India
Aim: The aim of this study is to arrest the white spot lesion, progression of carious lesions and improving the aesthetics by diminishing the opacity of the developmental disturbances of a tooth. Methodology: Resin infiltration therapy is a method halting the progression of both incipient lesions and white spot lesions. It can be used effectively in appropriate situations of either proximal or smooth surface locations. The teeth were cleaned and isolated with a rubber dam. The enamel was itched 15% HCL gel for 2 minutes followed by rinsing for 30 seconds, drying with compressed air and dehydration with 100% ethanol for 30 seconds. During ethanol application the visual aspect of enamel was checked and the opacities had been disappeared. The infiltration resin was carefully applied onto the etched area for 3 minutes without rubbing. Slightly dried with compressed air and excess material is removed with gauze, light cure for 40 seconds. Results: The esthetic treatment based on resin infiltration and composite achieved excellent results with color stability at the 5-month follow-up. Diffuse and demarcated opacities were masked in a single session that improved the patient self-esteem.
Reg. No. 817
Category: Original Research
Effect of interaction between lignocaine hydrochloride with adrenaline and sodium hypochlorite solution on coronal seal of post endodontic restoration – An in vitro study
Pooja Jain
Government Dental College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
Context: Intrapulpal Injection (IPI) technique is the most commonly employed supplemental anaesthetic procedure and NaOCl is considered as gold standard irrigating solution. Therefore, this study was designed to explore the action of precipitate formed by interaction between LA and Sodium Hypochlorite (NaOCl) on coronal seal of post endodontic restoration. Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of interaction between lignocaine hydrochloride with 2% Adrenaline and sodium hypochlorite solution on coronal seal of post endodontic restoration. Materials and Methods: Recently extracted 45 human single rooted premolars were selected. Access opening was done and Intra pulpal anesthesia was administered Group I Irrigated with saline only; Group II 2% lidocaine hydrochloride with adrenaline 1:100,000 (2% LA) followed by 3% NaOCl; Group III - 2% LA followed by saline and 3% NaOCl. Cleaning & shaping was done and obturation was done. Post endodontic restoration was done with composite, Thermocycling for 2 mins for each sample then Teeth were immersed in 2% methylene blue dye for 7 days and After7 days, samples will be split along their longitudinal axis and Tooth sealing material interface examined under stereomicroscope at 20X power for evidence of dye penetration. Statistical Analysis: Data will be analysed. Results and Conclusion: To be evaluated (Study under progress).
Reg. No. 818
Category: Original Research
Effect of intra-orifice barrier on the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth – An in-vitro study
Joice Johny
Government Dental College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
Context: Endodontically treated teeth are considered to be more susceptible to fracture. There is a need for different materials and/or techniques to overcome the shortcomings of current endodontic filling materials such as gutta-percha to reinforce endodontically treated teeth. Aim: The aim of the study is to compare the fracture resistance of teeth reinforced with intra-orifice barrier using short fiber reinforced resin composite (EverX flow), RMGIC & Luxacore Z. Materials and Methods: Recently extracted human mandibular single-rooted premolar teeth were selected for the study. The specimens were decoronated to obtain 14 mm standard root length. Cleaning and shaping were done in all the samples till the size Protaper gold F3 rotary file (30/0.09).Obturation was done using F3 gutta-percha point and AH-plus sealer. Coronal 3 mm of root filling were removed with heated plugger. All samples were randomly divided into 4 groups of 10 specimen each. Group I- No barrier (control), Group II -RMGIC, Group III-Luxacore Z, Group IV- EverX flow. After 1 week all specimens were subjected to fracture resistance testing using UTM. Statistical Analysis: Data was analysed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and further pair wise comparison was performed by Bonferroni test. Results and Conclusion:To be evaluated.
Reg. No. 819
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Quantataive analysis of colour changes in mild-moderate flourosis using microabrasion and resin infiltration: Case report
Kharat Shubham Mangilal
Faculty of Dental Sciences, IMS BHU, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
The aim of this case report is to analyses the quantitative colour changes and determine an whether fluorosed areas of teeth can be successfully treated with minimally invasive combination treatment methods such as microabrasion, resin infiltration and direct composite veneering rather than following the traditional prosthetic invasive procedures. For the present case of mild to moderate dental fluorosis, the microabrasion was chosen to treat brown spots and microinvasive resin infiltration technique was used to infiltrate white spot lesions, following direct composite veneering over the surface irregularities to improve the aesthetic appearance of the affected teeth.This effect is analysed by Adobe Photoshop software. Six months after the treatment, the white opaque and brown discolourations still remain masked. Thus, this case report demonstrates that microabrasion, resin infiltration with direct composite veneering is an agreeable option for this type of tooth discolouration, rather than choosing more invasive, conventional procedures. More studies need to be completed to determine longer-term outcomes of the technique.
Reg. No. 820
Category: Original Research
A comparative evaluation of flexural and compressive strength of different restorative cements: An in vitro study
Akhil Mudgal
Kanti Devi Dental College and Hospital, Kota, Uttar Pradesh, India
Aim: The aim of the study is to determine, compare and evaluate the flexural and compressive strengths of the new materials with traditional long existing materials. Materials and Methods: Custom made aluminium split moulds of dimensions 25 mm length, 2 mm width, 2 mm height for flexural strength and 3 mm diameter, 6 mm height for compressive strength testing are fabricated. Restorative materials are embedded into the moulds of 12 specimens of each group- Group A (Cention N, Ivoclar, Vivadent, Liechtenstein), Group B (Glass ionomer FX ultra, Shofu Inc., Japan), Group C (Ketac Universal, 3M, ESPE), Group D (Zirconomer Improved, Shofu Inc., Japan) & Group E (GC gold label hybrid, GC Dental India) and are then light cured as per manufacturer's instructions. Then specimens are stored in distilled water for 24 hours at 37°C to ensure complete polymerization. Then flexural and compressive strength tests are performed using a Universal testing machine. Statistical Analysis: Results obtained will be subjected to one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test. Conclusion and Results: Conclusion & Results are awaited.
Reg. No. 821
Category: Original Research
Comparison of the fracture resistance of different composites in Class II Mesio occlusal distal cavities: An in vitro study
Priya Mishra
Kanti Devi Dental College and Hospital, Kota, Uttar Pradesh, India
Aim: This study aims to evaluate and compare the fracture resistance of maxillary premolars with Class II mesio occlusal distal (MOD) cavities restored with brilliant everglow, ceram x sphere tec one universal, and Tetric n ceram composites. Materials and Methods: Sixty human maxillary premolars were selected. Fifteen intact teeth served as positive control (Group 1). MOD cavities were prepared in the remaining 45 teeth with standardized dimensions and were randomly divided into three experimental groups (Group 2, 3, and 4) (n = 15). Teeth in Group 2, 3, and 4 were reinforced with Tetric N Ceram, Ceram X Sphere Tec One Universal, Brilliant Everglow composites, respectively. Fracture resistance was measured using universal testing machine. Statistical Analysis: The data will be analysed statistically using Post hoc tukeys test and One Way Anova. Results: Awaited.
Reg. No. 822
Category: Systematic Review
Marginal adaptation of veneers – A systematic review
M. Satya Priya
MNR Dental College, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
Aim: The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature to evaluate marginal adaptation of veneers using two different fabrication methods. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed by using electronic databases, PubMed and Google Scholar, as well as hand search to identify all relevant studies related to veneers and marginal adaptation. These identified studies were screened for assessing the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The included articles were then subjected for data extraction and analysis. Results: The search resulted in 130 articles out of which 12 articles were included for systematic review. All the included articles were assessed for adaptation of margins. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this systematic review it could be concluded that no significant differences were found in the marginal adaptation of pressed and milled Porcelain laminate veneers. The butt joint preparation was significantly better than other preparation.
Reg. No. 823
Category: Original Research
Comparative assessment of micro hardness of demineralised enamel surface using different remineralising agents – An in vitro study
P. Elizabeth
AME's Dental College and Hospital, Raichur, Karnataka, India
Aim: To assess and compare the micro hardness of demineralised enamel surface using different remineralising agents. Materials and Methods: Fourty extracted human premolar will be used for the study.Teeth will be de coronated 2 mm below CEJ and the enamel slices will be taken from buccal and lingual surfaces of teeth using a diamond disc followed by demineralisation of teeth using demineralising solution. Teeth will be divided into five groups based on remineralising agents used.Group I:Demineralised enamel specimen, Group II: Remineralization with Nano hydroxyapatite (Aclaim), Group III: Remineralization with Bio-Min (Elsenz), Group IV:Remineralization with CPP-ACP+listerine mouthwash, Group V: Remineralization with beta Tri - calcium phosphate (clinpro paste). The micro hardness will be measured using Vickers micro hardness test. Results: The study is in progress and the results are awaited.
Reg. No. 824
Category: Original Research
Bond strength evaluation of composite resin on bleached enamel after using different antioxidants
Shweta Gorjanal
AME's Dental College and Hospital, Raichur, Karnataka, India
Aim: To assess and compare the bond strength of composite resin on bleached enamel after using different antioxidants. Materials and Methods: Thirty freshly extracted human maxillary premolars will be used in this study. Each crown has to be sectioned with carbide disc longitudinally and total of sixty enamel specimens will be obtained. The specimens should be divided into 4 groups. Group I (15) control group (No bleaching), Group IIa (15) specimens have to be bleached with 10% carbamide peroxide, Group IIb (15)specimens have to be bleached with 10% carbamide peroxide followed by application of 15% quercetin, Group IIc (15) specimens have to be bleached with 10% carbamide peroxide followed by application of 5% lycopene. The shear bond strength assessment will be done using universal testing machine. Results: The study is in progress and the results are awaited.
Reg. No. 826
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Surgical management of labial perforated maxillary anterior teeth: An elucidation to a hitch
Bhavika Yadav
Jaipur Dental College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
Root perforation is a common endodontic accident. Its management depends mainly on root canal disinfection and sealing the perforation area by preventing any communication with the periodontium to prevent recontamination. A patient was referred to treat root perforation due to a previous treatment of tooth #21 and the treatment plan was to retreat the root canal of #21 and make a surgical intervention. Endodontic surgery is a safe and passable alternative when teeth are not responding to traditional endodontic therapy and don't acquire favourable outcomes. It involves placement of MTA, bone graft and collagen membrane at the perforation site to ensure the new bone formation via osteoblast growth at the site of defect.
Reg. No. 827
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Esthetic rehabilitation with veneers – A case report
Manali Suresh Kadam
Bharati Vidyapeeth Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
Indirect veneer restorations provide a conservative alternative to complete teeth coverage (full crown) as they avoid aggressive tooth preparation; thus, preserving the tooth structure. This case report describes the restoration of the anterior dentition with ceramic veneers for a patient with generalized diastema in the upper anterior teeth and history of trauma that resulted in fractured central incisors. The advances in bonding of ceramic to tooth structure make this treatment a feasible alternative to restore teeth with alteration in shape and position in cases in which the esthetic demand is high The properties of dental ceramic such as colour stability, mechanical strength, clinical longevity, and compatibility with periodontal tissues make this material a good choice for such treatment. Treatment protocol involved endodontic treatment of non-vital teeth followed by veneer preparation, provisional restoration using composite resin, a silicone impression and adhesive luting of the veneers. However, there is no follow-up documentation yet. The clinical success depends on the correct identification of a case and the successful execution of the clinical steps involved. Maintaining good oral hygiene should always be advised to patients with such veneers in order to prolong the longevity of the veneers.
Reg. No. 828
Category: Original Research
A tasty challenge to MMP's! – Onion peel extract as collagen stabilizer
K. Surya
Madha Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Preserving the mechanical properties of dentin in both vital and non-vital teeth depends on the quality of collagen. In conservative dentistry, bond degradation is a common problem. In endodontics, the mechanical properties of the non-vital dentin must be preserved to prevent potential reinfection. Many natural products are being explored to preserve the dentin collagen and prevent enzymatic degradation. Aim: To assess the cytotoxicity of onion peel extracts, which are known to have collagen stabilizing effects. Materials and Methods: Alcoholic extract of Big Red Onion and Small Red Onion was prepared. Cytotoxicity effect of these extracts was studied using MTT Assay on fibroblasts. Conclusion: The study is under process.
Reg. No. 829
Category: Original Research
Fracture resistance of roots after intra radicular reinforcement with two different materials – An in vitro study
Asikali
KSR Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Thokkavadi, Tamil Nadu, India
Introduction: During post space preparation there is a higher tendency to excessively prepare the root portion and weaken the root dentin. In these conditions the root dentin can be reinforced with some restorative materials to render it strong to withstand the post which is to be placed. In the literature various techniques have been tried to reinforce the root dentin. Aim: To evaluate the fracture resistance of roots after intra radicular reinforcement with two different materials. Materials and Methods: 30 Extracted human central incisors will be taken. They will be decoronated to obtain a standardized root length of 10 mm. The roots will be instrumented till F2 and obturated using lateral condensation. Then post space preparation will be done using peeso reamers. Excessive preparation of roots will be done with round endo tapered fissure bur leaving root thickness of 1 mm all around. Then the roots will be randomly allocated into following 3 groups. Group I: GC EverX Flow (n=10), Group II: Ribbond fiber (n=10), Group III: Negative control (Flowable composite) (n=10). The roots in each group will be reinforced with the respective reinforcement material. Then fiber posts will be luted with resin cement. Followed by that Fracture resistance of the roots will be tested. Results: Study under progression.
Reg. No. 830
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of microleakage using different restorative materials – A SEM analysis
Anukriti, Ayushi Jain
Santosh Dental College and Hospital, Gaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
Aim: To assess the microleakage in deep class I cavities restored with different restorative materials with Biodentine as an indirect pulp capping agent using scanning electron microscopy. Methodology: A total of 30 deep class I cavities were prepared on freshly extracted premolars were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=5). Group I: Biodentine + Tetric N Ceram, Group II: Biodentine + Activa Bioactive, Group III: Biodentine + G-aenial Posterior. 2 mm increment of biodentine was placed as an indirect pulp capping agent and was left for 24 hrs. After 24 hrs, etching and bonding was done with Tetric N Bond and the remaining cavity was restored with the above restorative materials. Teeth samples were sealed with nail varnish except for the occlusal surfaces. Samples were then stored in methylene blue dye and subjected to SEM scan for microleakage analysis. Statistical Analysis: The outcomes were analyzed by one way ANOVA. Results: Group II showed least marginal leakage compared to group I where Tetric N ceram was used followed by group III. Conclusion: Among all tested restorative materials Activa Bioactive exhibited greater marginal adaptation and least microleakage. No statistically significant difference was seen between Group I and Group III.
Reg. No. 831
Category: Original Research
Comparison of cytotoxicity of 5.25% calcium hypochlorite with 5.25% sodium hypochlorite: An in-vitro study
K. Jimmy George
St.Gregorios Dental College, Chelad, Kerala, India
Aim: To evaluate the cytotoxicity of 5.25% Calcium hypochlorite in comparison with 5.25% Sodium hypochlorite in vitro. Materials and Methods: Human peripheral lymphocytes were used. The cells were exposed to different solutions: 5.25% of NaOCl and Ca(OCl)2. The sample size obtained was n=10. The groups assigned were: Group 1 - 5.25% Sodium hypochlorite and culture media. Group 2 - 5.25% Calcium hypochlorite solution and culture media. Group 3 - Control group with culture media only. Cytotoxicity was assessed using Trypan Blue Exclusion Assay by checking the presence of stained cells which indicated non viability of cells whereas unstained cells indicated viability. Statistical Analysis: Statistical analysis were performed by using One Way ANOVA and post hoc test with the help of SPSS software. Discussion: Effect of antimicrobial irrigants on dental hard tissues is a subject of research and the aim is to obtain a safer irrigant for clinical use. In this regard, the goal was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of Calcium hypochlorite, a relatively new irrigant with Sodium hypochlorite, a commonly used irrigant, on human peripheral lymphocytes. Results: 5.25% Ca(OCl)2 was found to be less cytotoxic than 5.25% NaOCl. Conclusion: Calcium hypochlorite showed lesser cytotoxicity levels than Sodium hypochlorite. Based on the study, Calcium hypochlorite has the potential to be used as a safer and equally effective root canal irrigant for endodontic procedures.
Reg. No. 832
Category: Original Research
Fracture resistance of anterior endocrowns made up of nanoceramic and indirect composite resin materials – An in vitro study
Payel Mazumdar
Dayananda Sagar College of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
Introduction: Endodontically treated teeth with less coronal tooth structure require post to retain the core. However, Post space preparation resulted in removal of additional radicular dentin, added clinical/lab procedure and an increase in the number of interfaces. Hence, Endocrowns which obtain mechanical retention anchoring to the internal portion of pulp chamber using nanoceramic and indirect composite with less elastic modulus were tried. Aim: To assess fracture resistance of anterior endocrowns made up of nanoceramic and indirect composite resin materials. Materials and Methods: 42 single rooted human maxillary central incisors were root canal treated, crown portion severed to result in 4 mm ferrule length and samples were divided into three groups (n=14) based on endocrowns material as Group 1: Glass fiber post with Lithium disilicate full crown, Group 2: Indirect composite anterior Endocrown, Group 3: Nanoceramic anterior Endocrown. Results: Awaited. Clinical significance: Endocrowns with lesser elastic modulus made of newer materials may serve as viable alternative to post/core and crowns for teeth with less coronal tooth structure.
Reg. No. 836
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Esthetic reincarnation – A case series on morpho-functional management of molar incisor hypomineralization
Nivas Kumar
Dayananda Sagar College of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
Molar incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) describes the clinical manifestation of enamel hypomineralization of systemic origin affecting one or more permanent first molars and incisors with a prevalence rate of 40.2% worldwide. Any systemic disturbance during 1-3 yrs of age group following respiratory infections has been traced as the most common cause for their occurrence. Patients present with tooth discoloration, sensitivity, post eruptive enamel breakdown and pain due to pulpal involvement. Hence early diagnosis and timely management is of utmost importance and is quiet challenging for the treating clinician. Management of MIH should be as conservative as possible and the extent of treatment depends on the patient's age, aesthetic concern and lesion severity. Remineralization, Resin infiltration and minimalistic restorative approaches are the treatment modalities. This case series showcase patients with varying degree of Hypomineralization successfully treated clinically.
Reg. No. 837
Category: Original Research
Comparison of shear bond strength and microleakage of bulk-fill composite on Clark's class II cavity configuration using injection molding technique and bulk-fill technique – An in vitro study
Ann Mariya Sunny
St. Gregorios Dental College, Chelad, Kerala, India
Aim: To compare the shear bond strength and microleakage of bulk- fill composite on Clark's Class II cavity configuration using injection molding and bulk-fill techniques. Methodology: Clark's Class II MO cavity was prepared on 60 premolars. Teeth were divided into 2 main groups and each group into 2 subgroups. Group 1 - (Injection molding technique) with preheated flowable and bulk fill composite and cured, Group 1 A – Microleakage, Group 1 B – Shear Bond strength, Group 2 - (Bulk-ill technique) Composite placed in bulk and cured. Group 2 A – Microleakage, Group 2 B – Shear Bond strength. All Specimens were subjected to thermo-cycling, immersed in methylene blue dye, rinsed, dried, sectioned and evaluated with stereomicroscope for microleakage. Universal Testing Machine was used to measure the shear bond strength. Results: Clark's Class Il cavity restored using Injection molded technique showed less microleakage and higher shear bond strength value when compared with Bulk-fill technique. Discussion: Injection molded technique is a modified technique for composite placement which reduced voids and fault lines. Here, we used Clark's Class II cavity, a newer generation of composite and a newer composite placement technique to create strong and aesthetic class II restorations. Conclusion: Preheating Bulk-fill composite and placing it using Injection molded technique in Clark's Class Il cavity showed higher shear bond strength and lesser microleakage.
Reg. No. 838
Category: Original Research
The effects of various antioxidants on the bond strength of composite after intracoronal bleaching: An in vitro study
Sheethal K. Narayanan, Merina
Mar Baselios Dental College, Thrikkariyoor, Kerala, India
Background and Objectives: The Use of Antioxidants can improve the bond strength of composite after intracoronary bleaching. The aim of the study is to evaluate “the effects of various antioxidants on the bond strength of composite after intracoronal bleaching.” Methods: 75 premolar teeth were randomly divided into 5 groups G1: Teeth without bleaching (Positive control) G2: Bleached with 37% HP without post treatment (Negative control) G3: Bleached and treated with Green tea extract for 10 min G4: Bleached and treated with Sodium ascorbate for 10 min G5: Bleached and treated with grape seed extract for 10 min. Shear bond strength was measured using Universal Testing Machine. Results: The results of the study showed that Grape seed extract showed the highest mean shear bond strength value and group with bleaching done and no antioxidants used showed the least mean shear bond strength. Interpretation and Conclusion: The use of antioxidants significantly improved the bond strength of composite after intracoronal bleaching.
Reg. No. 844
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Regenerative endodontic procedure in mature teeth
M. Sakthivel
Chettinad Dental College and Research Institute, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, India
Regeneration is a type of healing process in which damaged tissue replaced by same or original tissue structurally and functionally as well. This regeneration can be achieved by tissue engineering which consists of three key elements. (1.stem cells, 2.scaffolds, 3.growth factors). Regenerative endodontics emerged (2001) in the field of pediatric dentistry (revascularization) for the treatment of immature permanent teeth with apical periodontitis. We have several publications which showing the successful outcome of REPs in immature teeth. Endodontically treated mature teeth are more susceptible to future complications like flare-ups and fractures. To overcome these disadvantages, regenerative endodontic therapy can be tried in mature teeth as well. But we have some limitations in REPs in mature teeth when compared to immature teeth. These are, 1. Lack of stem cells ,2.Narrow apical foramen ,3. Difficulty in disinfection due to complex nature of root canal system in mature teeth. To overcome these limitations, we can make some modifications in REP protocol in order to achieve the effective outcome of the REP in mature teeth.
Reg. No. 845
Category: Original Research
Laser versus ultrasonics in root end cavity preparation – An in vitro study
V. Shylaja
Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
Background: Apicoectomy with retrograde filling is considered as a tooth saver. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is mostly recommended root-end filling material, but it has certain disadvantages. Recently, experimental pozoland cements have showing better properties, So in this study we are comparing push-out bond strength of two retrograde filling materials with two retrograde cavity preparation techniques. Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the push-out bond strength of two retrograde cavity preparation done with Erbium:yttrium aluminium garnet (Er:YAG) laser and ultrasonic retrotip followed by restored with MTA and Endocem -Zr. Materials and Methods: A total of 56 extracted maxillary central incisors were selected. Chemomechanical preparation and obturation were done. Root-end resections were performed followed by the root-end cavity preparation and root-end filling. Specimens were divided into four groups. Root-end cavities prepared by Er:YAG laser and filled with MTA, root-end cavities prepared by Er:YAG laser and filled with Endocem -Zr, root-end cavities prepared by ultrasonic retrotip and filled with MTA and root-end cavities prepared by ultrasonic retrotip and filled with Endocem -Zr, respectively. The apical end again sectioned perpendicular to the long axis. The push-out bond strength was evaluated using a universal testing machine. Statistical Analysis: The data were analyzed using analysis of variance and post-hoc Tukey test. Results: Maximum push-out bond strength is seen in retrograde cavity preparation done with Er:yag laser with Endocem -Zr group, followed by laser +MTA, ultrasonic+ Endocem -Zr, ultrasonic+MTA. Conclusion: Root end cavities prepared by laser with Endocem-Zr filling material showed better results.
Reg. No. 846
Category: Original Research
Comparison of pushout bond strength of bioroot RCS after irrigating with chelating agents EDTA and Chitosan
Niya Mariam Joseph, Aida James
St. Gregorios Dental College, Chelad, Kerala, India
Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the pushout bond strength of BioRoot RCS in instrumented canals after irrigating with chelating agents, 17% EDTA and 0.2% Chitosan. Methodology: Thirty mandibular second premolars were selected. The specimens were stored in 0.2% sodium azide at 4°C until use. The teeth were decoronated. Working length was established. Cleaning and shaping was done. Teeth were grouped into 3 based on the irrigation protocol. Study Groups: Group 1: 17% EDTA with NaOCl with BioRoot RCS (n=10), Group 2: 0.2% Chitosan with NaOCl with BioRoot RCS (n=10), Group 3 (Control Group): 5.25% NaOC1 with BioRoot RCS (n=10). Single cone obturation was done with sealer BioRoot RCS. Teeth were sectioned horizontally in the middle third and a 2 mm slice was obtained. Pushout bond strength was performed using Universal Testing Machine. Statistical Analysis: Statistical analysis was performed using one way ANOVA and tukeys post hoc test. Results: It was found that the pushout bond strength of BioRoot RCS was higher when the root canal was irrigated with 0.2% Chitosan and 5.25% NaOCl (Group 2) than when irrigated with 17% EDTA and NaOCl (Group 1). Conclusion: The irrigation regimen of 0.2% Chitosan (Group 2) was found to have better debriding effect on the root canal. BioRoot RCS with 0.2% Chitosan (Group 2) showed a higher pushout bond strength than 17% EDTA (Group 1).
Reg. No. 847
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Evaluation of healing after periapical surgery using autologous concentrated growth factors enriched bone graft matrix (sticky bone), and barrier membrane – Case series
Sushovan Bhattacharjee
Burdwan Dental College, Burdwan, West Bengal, India
Introduction: Long standing pulpal necrosis leads to periapical pathology. Although surgical intervention is not the first choice but it becomes inevitable in an unsuccessful conventional root canal therapy. After microendodontic surgery in apicoectomised tooth the bony crypt is usually filled with HA crystals mixed with blood for bony regeneration. Recently the osteoinductive PRF is also being used along with osteoconductive HA crystals for this purpose. Recently interest has been shown in using Sticky bone i.e. Autologous concentrated growth factor enriched bone matrix which is much larger, denser, richer fibrin matrix than PRF, produced through centrifugation of 2700 rpm for 2 mins. Having superior quality in contrast to PRF the sticky bone appears to be promising in regenerating bone in aicoectomised tooth. Methodology: Micro-endodontic surgery which involved root end resection, enucleation of the lesion followed by root end preparation and filling with MTA. Bony cavity filled with sticky bone with GTR & PRF use as a barrier membrane. The flap was reposition and sutured. On follow up visits the bone healing was seen to be in progress. Conclusion: After 6th months follow-up, we come in conclusion that Combination use of PRF and sticky bone promote faster bone healing. Autologous PRF have so many growth factors, which enhances bone repair and regeneration. So, PRF may be alternative to GTR as a barrier membrane in periapical lesion.
Reg. No. 848
Category: Systematic Review
Efficacy of laser activated irrigation versus ultrasonic activated irrigation: A systematic review
Sneha Akarapu
MNR Dental College, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
Aim: The aim of this study was to systematically review and critically analyze the evidence on the cleaning and disinfection of root canals when laser activated irrigation is applied during root canal treatment of mature permanent teeth compared with ultrasonic activated irrigation. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed by using electronic databases, PubMed and Google Scholar, as well as by hand search, to identify all relevant studies related to ultrasonic activated and laser activated irrigation. The search covered all articles published from January 1997 to December 2021. The identified studies were screened for eligibility by assessing the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The included articles were then subjected for data extraction and analysis. Results: The search yielded 207 articles. Of these, 23 articles were included for systematic review. All the included articles were assessed for the outcome of antimicrobial efficacy, smear layer and dentin debris removal. Majority of the articles reported the superiority of laser activated irrigation over ultrasonic activated irrigation. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this systematic review, the current evidence indicates that laser activated irrigation has more efficacy than UAI in removal of microorganisms, dentin debris and smear layer from the root canal system.
Reg. No. 849
Category: Original Research
Accuracy and efficiency in management of middle third and apical third perforation in single rooted tooth using a dynamic navigation system: A human cadaver study
A. G. Ramamoorthy, K. Priyanka
Ragas Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Background: Accuracy and efficiency in management of middle third and apical third perforation in single rooted tooth using a dynamic navigation system: a human cadaver study. Aim: To determine and compare the accuracy and efficiency of a dynamic navigation system (DNS) with a free hand technique (FH) in management of middle third and apical third perforation in single rooted tooth in a human cadaver model. Materials and Methods: Ten human single rooted teeth with middle and apical third perforations are selected and mounted in dry cadaver jaws, CBCT scans are taken for all the teeth, perforation closure was made with the navigation in the DNS group and without guidance in the FH group. Post operative CBCT'S are taken. Linear deviations, angular deflection, time of operation and number of mishaps are compared with determine the accuracy and efficiency. Stastical Analysis: Shapiro -Wilk, One -way ANOVA and Fisher exact tests are used. Results and Conclusion: Study is in progress.
Reg. No. 850
Category: Original Research
A comparative evaluation of apical transportation and canal centering ability of Dia dent DIA X file system and Wave one gold file in the apical region of curved molars using cone beam computed tomography – An in vitro study
Vikramanka Suresh
Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
Aim: To compare apical transportation and canal centring ability of rotary and reciproc file system before and after instrumentation using cone beam computed tomography. Methodology: Human permanent mandibular 1st and 2nd molars extracted were selected. The crown of each selected tooth was sectioned at the level of the cementum enamel junction using a diamond disc to obtain a root canal measuring 12 mm in length of mesiobuccal canal. Pre instrumentation images were taken by CBCT Machine. A glide path was performed through a size 10 K-file. Group 1- The canals were prepared using DIA -X file system. Group 2- The canal was prepared using Wave One Gold (According to manufacturer's description). After canal shaping post instrumentation CBCT scans were performed same as pre instrumentation scans. Pre and post-operative CBCT scans were compared, and the transportation in the mesiodistal direction was calculated. The horizontal sections were used, and the dimensions were measured by calculating the shortest distance from the periphery of the un instrumented canal to the periphery of the tooth in both mesial and distal directions and then compared with the values measured from the prepared canals. The canal centring ratio at each level will be calculated using the formula. Results: Are awaited as the study is still in progress.
Reg. No. 851
Category: Original Research
Stress distribution in endodontically treated single rooted premolars restored with Everstick post and Sharonlay: A Finite element analysis
Tulika Patnaik
RKDF Dental College and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
Objective: To compare stress distribution in a tooth restored with Everstick post and sharonlay by means of 3-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis (3D FEA). Materials and Methods: Two 3D-FEA models were constructed: (1) tooth restored with Everstick post and metal ceramic crown (2) tooth restored with sharonlay. The material properties were assigned and a force of 100N, 200N, 300N and 400N were applied to the centric stop of the occlusal surface in centric occlusion at a 450 inclination in a linguolabial direction to the long axis of the tooth. Analysis was run and stress distribution pattern was studied. Results: Sharonlay showed more total deformation, larger stress and strain concentration than that of Everstick post. Conclusion: Tooth restored with sharonlay showed greater chances of deformation than Everstick post. It also showed maximum strain concentration near the apical portion of the remaining tooth structure and more stress in the cervical third of the post system than Everstick post.
Reg. No. 852
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Case Series: Unpredictable outcomes of regereative endodontics
Geetika Sabharwal
Divya Jyoti College of Dental Sciences, Niwari Dehat, Uttar Pradesh, India
Introduction: Treatment of necrotic immature teeth is very challenging in endodontics. The concept of revascularization has introduced. The usual method of achieving revascularization into the pulp canal space. Aim: To compare the effect of Platelet Rich Fibrin (PRF) and induced bleeding technique in the revascularization of tooth with necrotic pulp and open apex. Objective: • Increase in root length and continued root development.• Thickening of dentinal wall.• Regression of periapical lesion.• Vitality regaining. Results: In this Case Series Regeneration by using Platelet rich fibrin had showed better results in terms of periapical lesion reduction, apical closure and increasing in root length when compared to regeneration by using blood clot. None of the cases presented with pain, infection or radiographic enlargement of pre-existing apical pathology. Within the limitations of the study, therefore we document a favourable outcome of Revascularization procedure. Revascularization can be an important alternative treatment of necrotic infected immature teeth treatment under conditions of total canal disinfection. Conclusion: In conclusion, the cases done showed good clinical and radiographic outcomes for both the groups of Regenerative procedures (PRF, Blood clot) for necrotic immature permanent teeth. However Radiographic measurements showed increase in root length, decrease in the size of lesion and closure apical diameter more with Revascularization technique with PRF than with Blood clot.
Reg. No. 853
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Esthetic management in severe dental fluorosis by microabrasion and in-office bleaching: A case report
Supriya Gupta
Faculty of Dental Sciences, IMS BHU, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
Dental fluorosis is a condition that causes discoloration in enamel because of excessive fluoride ingestion during enamel formation. It affects 2.1% to 74.7% of the population. It can be diagnosed as mild, moderate and severe depending on the extent of discoloration and pitting. Aim: The aim of this article is to introduce a minimally invasive treatment for improving the esthetic appearance of teeth afflicted with moderate dental fluorosis. Materials and Methods: A 17-year female patient presented with brown discolorations with a hard texture and pitted eroded areas. After dental prophylaxis with pumice and water macroabrasion was done with a fine-tapered bur. A microabrasion technique with 6% hydrochloric acid associated with silica carbide reduced brown stains of fluorosis; while bleaching was used to remove brown discoloration and obtain further uniform tooth color. Results: The association in these techniques provided excellent results and the patient was satisfied. Conclusion: This clinical case presented the effectiveness of the association of in-office dental bleaching and enamel microabrasion – a low-cost, non-invasive, and easy procedure for the re-establishment esthetics of fluorosis-affected teeth.
Reg. No. 856
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Management of cervical-third horizontal root-fracture of upper lateral incisor: A case report
Harshitaa Aggarwal
Faculty of Dental Sciences, IMS BHU, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
Horizontal root fractures frequently occur at the maxillary anterior region and sometimes may heal without endodontic treatment. In dental accident cases the incidence of root fractures in permanent teeth are just 0.5-7% of the cases. Diagnosis is mainly reached by clinical and radiographic examinations. The present case highlights the use of post in the upper left lateral incisor with horizontal root fracture in the cervical third of the root, stabilizing the fractured root showing a well-preserved assembly of the root fragments and the post.
Reg. No. 857
Category: Systematic Review
Effect of premedication with ibuprofen on post-endodontic pain after 24 hours in teeth with irreversible pulpitis – A systamatic review
Balavaishnavi
Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Puducherry, India
Pre-operative analgesia has historically been defined as an antinociceptive treatment that prevents altered processing of afferent input amplifying post-operative pain. Aim: The aim of this systematic review was to analyse the existing literature to assess the analgesic effects of pre-medication with Ibuprofen (NSAIDs) on post endodontic pain after 24 hrs in teeth with irreversible pulpitis. Materials and Methods: Electronic search was carried out using the keywords in the Search engines which yielded a total of 395 articles. Studies identified from the search were assessed independently by two review authors. Seventeen titles were identified from the search after excluding duplications. Five articles were excluded after reading titles. Five article were excluded after reading abstract. Full text articles were retrieved for seven relevant studies. After reviewing the articles independently, two articles were excluded after full text reading. Finally four articles were selected based on eligibility criteria. Results: The search retrieved 395 abstracts from the electronic data bases. A total of 395 records were screened and 111 duplicates were removed. Then 284 articles assessed using abstract contents. 17 articles assessed using full text content, only 4 articles matched the inclusion criteria of the study. In all the four included studies there was a clinical significant reduction in pain levels. Conclusion: With the evidences available it can be concluded that by giving a premedication such as ibuprofen (NSAIDs) are effective in reducing post-endodontic pain.
Reg. No. 860
Category: Original Research
Single dose oral aceclofenac plus paracetamol for acute post operative pain after access opening and cleaning and shaping
M. Rabiathul Adhira, M. Nirmal Kumar
Ragas Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Background: Combining two different analgesics in fixed dose in a single tablets can provide better pain releif than either drug alone in acute pain after access opening and cleaning and shaping.
Aim and Objectives:To assess the efficacy and adverse effects of single dose oral aceclofenac plus paracetamol for acute pain after access opening and cleaning and shaping procedure for 1 day course with comparison with other analgesics (combiflam and paracetamol 1000 mg) evaluated in standarised trials. Materials and Methods: • 300 patients with acute pain after access opening and cleaning and shaping were selected for each drugs (aceclofenac plus paracetamol, combiflam and paracetamol 1000 mg). • We used validated equations to calculate the area under pain releif versus time curve and derive the proportion of participants with atleast 50% of maximum pain releif over 6 hours. • We calculated relative risk (RR) and number needed to treat (NNT) for aceclofenac plus paracetamol, combiflam and paracetamol 1000 mg Results: Study in progress.
Reg. No. 861
Category: Original Research
The comparison of herbal and non herbal tooth paste on micro hardness of nano hybrid composite resin – An in vitro study
M. D. Haji Idrish Arkeri
PMNM Dental College and Hospital, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India
The aim of this study was to compare the micro hardness of a nanohybrid composite resin after brushing with one herbal and two non-herbal whitening toothpastes. Materials and Methods: The specimens will be randomly divided into three groups with 10 samples in each group will be polished and subsequently placed at 37°C in distilled water. They were brushed for 2 minutes twice daily with a soft motorized toothbrush for 30 days. The specimens will be treated as follows: Group 1 – control group, Group 2 – biotique herbal, Group 3 – sensodyne pronamel, Group 4 – pepsodent germi check whitening. The samples will be subjected to indentation to test the microhardness using Vicker's hardness analyzer. Results: Will be tabulated and appropriate conclusion will be done.
Reg. No. 863
Category: Systematic Review
Recent advances in glass ceramics
Renjiny R. Nair, K. R. Surya
Azeezia College of Dental Sciences and Research, Kollam, Kerala, India
Dental glass–ceramics has many advantages such as outstanding esthetics, translucency, low thermal conductivity, adequate strength, biocompatibility, wear resistance, and chemical durability. Mica–based, leucite–based, and lithium disilicate glass–ceramics are the most prevalent clinically used dental glass–ceramics. Stronger and tougher glass–ceramics need to be developed to broaden their applications. ZrO2–SiO2 nanocrystalline glass ceramics, a newly developed glass ceramic show ultrahigh strength because of its 3D interconnected nano architecture. The CAD/CAM technique is currently the most widely used manufacturing technique. Additive manufacturing (AM) has received much attention in dentistry. This is a future–oriented technique. The combination of CAD/CAM and 3D printing would be an interesting attempt in the near future. This is called hybrid manufacturing (HM). Glass phase can be modified to incorporate ions such as Ag+, Cu2+, Sr2+ to increase its biological properties which widens its application in dentistry. This paper reviews various aspects of newly–developed dental glass–ceramics, its multifunctionality, and new manufacturing techniques.
Reg. No. 864
Category: Systematic Review
Static versus dynamic navigation in the field of guided endodontics: A review
R. Surabhi, Midhuna Santhosh
Azeezia College of Dental Sciences and Research, Kollam, Kerala, India
Guided endodontics was introduced as an alternative to conventional access cavity preparation for teeth with pulp canal obliteration and apical pathosis or irreversible pulpitis. Its application is adapted to other scenarios like: dens invaginatus therapy, removal of glass fiber post or MTA from root canals. With the application of Guided endodontics there is minimum tooth structure loss which provide long term survivability of the tooth. A guided endodontic access preparation can be approached in two different ways; Static Guidance and Dynamic Navigation. Recently various modifications has been advocated for static guidance. Future perspective is the use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging which would lead to avoidance of ionizing radiation exposure. Dynamic navigation has also many advantages over static guidance. This review is a critical analysis of static and dynamic navigation where all aspects like applications, limitations etc will be discussed in detail.
Reg. No. 865
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Endodontic management of mandibular molar with supernumerary roots
Gopika G. Krishnan, S. Ahammed Moosa
Azeezia College of Dental Sciences and Research, Kollam, Kerala, India
Knowledge about the anatomical and morphological variations of the teeth is essential for a successful endodontic management. Before beginning an endodontic treatment, the clinician must take in to account these morphological variations as they influence the treatment outcome and long-term prognosis of the teeth. Mandibular molars typically have one mesial and one distal root with two mesial canals and one distal canal. But sometimes they display supernumerary roots which has a prevalence of less than 5% in Asian and Eurasian populations, 3% in African population and 4.2% in whites. Carabelli (1844) was the first one to mention the presence of an additional root in mandibular first molar and called it as Radix Entomolaris which is present on the distolingual side. When the extra root is present on the mesiobuccal side, it is called as Radix Paramolaris. This paper presentation discusses two case reports on the endodontic management of mandibular molars with Radix Entomolaris and Paramolaris.
Reg. No. 870
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Endodontic management of teeth with aberrant root canal morphology – A case report
R. Veena
R. V. Dental College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
The successful outcome of an endodontic treatment demands the thorough knowledge of the internal anatomy and morphology of the root canal system. The risk of missing canals during root canal treatment is high because of the complexity of the root canal system. Variations in root canal morphology were suggested as most likely reason of flare ups and failures. Untreated canals may be associated with a remarkable variety of symptoms ranging from asymptomatic teeth to acute responses to hot and cold stimuli and from slight sensitivity to percussion and/or palpation to acute abscesses. Variations in root canal anatomy of mandibular premolars presents an endodontic challenge to treat them successfully. The incidence of roots and root canals in these teeth varies considerably in the literature. The endodontic treatment of mandibular premolars with aberrant canal configuration can be diagnostically and technically challenging.A thorough knowledge of root canal anatomy and its variations, careful interpretation of the radiograph, close clinical inspection of the floor of the chamber, proper access preparation and a detailed exploration of the interior of the tooth are essential for a successful treatment outcome. Also, the clinicians should be aware of all the basic principles, modification and latest technology of endodontic therapy to manage these kinds of cases. This case report describes the endodontic management of a premolar with anatomic variations in the root canals that were identified during routine endodontic treatment.
Reg. No. 872
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of remaining dentin thickness using single file, two file and multiple file systems: An in vitro CBCT study
Chikine Yashas Chandhar
Government Dental College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
Endodontic success depends on various factors such as canal preparation, disinfection & 3D Obturation. Remaining dentin thickness following instrumentation directly influences the fracture resistance of root. During instrumentation, majority of dentin removal occurs. Preservation of dentin is an essential requirement for strength & longevity of an endodontically treated tooth. Conventionally, endodontic instrumentation was done by hand files. Use of stainless steel files, had their own problems such as breakage, inflexibility & taper. To overcome these, NiTi instruments were introduced. However, it is indeed a big challenge for every file system to get an adequate taper of canal without cutting excessive dentin. Hence, selection of file system plays a very crucial role. Aim: To evaluate and compare the remaining dentin thickness using single file, two file and multiple file rotary systems. Materials and Methods: Thirty non-carious mandibular premolar teeth were collected and decoronated at CEJ level with a diamond disc. All specimens were randomly divided into 3 experimental groups – Single file system (One Curve, Micromega, France); Two file system (2 shape, Micromega, France), Multiple file system (Hero Gold, Micromega, France). After mounting the samples on a modeling wax sheet, preoperative CBCT scans were taken. BMP of canals was done following the assigned protocol of manufacturers. After each instrumentation, canals were irrigated with 2 ml of 3% NaOCl solution followed by 2 ml of 17% EDTA. Postoperative CBCT scans were taken and comparison was carried out with preoperative scans at 4 mm, 7 mm & 11 mm. Results and Conclusion: To be evaluated (study in progress).
Reg. No. 873
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of inhibitory effect of dentrifice (Purexa) and mouthwash (Perfora) formulated with probiotics on salivary Streptococcus mutans level in caries risk population: An in-vivo study
Aakansha Periwal
Bharati Vidyapeeth Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
Context: Worldwide, dental caries is recognized as the most common microbial disease of complex etiology. The most important bacteria responsible for caries initiation are Streptococcus mutans. Most of the studies in the field of caries prevention have shown that it is difficult to completely eliminate Streptococcus mutans from oral cavity by mechanical and chemical control only. Consequently, alternative ways to affect the oral ecology have emerged such as administration of probiotics which alters the bacterial ecology and antagonizes their growth. Hence, the study. Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate the inhibitory effect of dentrifice (Purexa) and mouthwash (Perfora) formulated with probiotics on salivary Streptococcus mutans in caries risk population. Materials and Methods: 18-30 years old subjects were selected who underwent a second round of screening to determine the pH of saliva and 60 subjects with salivary pH of <5.8 were included in the study and divided into 3 groups (n=20): •Group A (n=20): Fluoride dentrifice without mouthwash (Control group), •Group B (n=20): Probiotic dentrifice (Purexa) without mouthwash, •Group C (n=20): Fluoride dentrifice with probiotic mouthwash (Perfora). All subjects were provided with necessary instructions regarding the use of the dentrifice and mouthwash. Two ml of unstimulated saliva were collected on the 1st day as baseline data and after 14 days of intervention and Colony forming Unit (CFU) of S. mutants on mitis salivarious agar were calculated. Statistical Analysis: Data will be analyzed using Kruskall Wallis ANOVA and Wilcoxon Signed rank test. Results: Results awaited. Conclusion: Conclusion awaited.
Reg. No. 874
Category: Original Research
Efficacy of neem and green tea extract and sodium hypochlorite on dental pulp dissolution: An in vitro study
Lovely Das
Gurunanak Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Irrigants play a major role in disinfecting the root canal system by reducing the bacterial load in root canals as well as dissolving the soft tissue present in the root canal system. In endodontics, because of the cytotoxic reactions of conventional irrigants despite of their ability to eliminate bacteria from the dentinal tubules, trend of recent medicine attends to use biologic medication extracts from natural plants. Herbal alternatives are popular mainly due to their easy availability, cost effectiveness, increased shelf-life and low toxicity. Due to the many deleterious properties of sodium hypochlorite used in current root canal treatment as irrigant solution, interest in biocompatible herbal agents is increasing day by day. Neem and green tea have been proven to have a fair amount of antimicrobial properties, not only in the field of Endodontics but also other streams of dentistry along with less toxic potential. But no study has been conducted to check the tissue dissolving properties of Neem and Green Tea on human pulp tissue. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether two of the herbal solutions i.e., Neem and Green Tea have dissolution effects on human pulp tissues.
Reg. No. 875
Category: Original Research
Evaluation of stress distributon pattern in maxillary central incisor with a mid root horizontal fracture treated with fiber reinforced composite: A finite element analysis
Neha Jasrasaria
Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Context: The incidence of root fractures is about 1.2%–7% in permanent teeth and horizontal mid root fractures are most common in maxillary central incisors (95%). They occur mostly in the middle third of the root (57%) followed by apical end (34%). There is limited literature on the stress distribution along a treated fractured root. Aims: This study aims to evaluate the stress distribution in a maxillary central incisor with mid root fracture after various management procedure using finite element (FE) analysis. Materials and Methods: 3 three-dimensional FE models were constructed: Model 1-tooth with horizontal mid root fracture, no displacement and with 0.3 mm diastasis. Model 2: Same as model no 2, gutta-percha at the bottom 4 mm of the canal and intraradicular splinting with glass fibre post size 2, cemented with Dual cure Resin cement. Model 3: Same as model no 2, gutta-percha at the bottom 4 mm of the canal and intraradicular splinting with reinforcement ribbon, cemented with Dual cure Resin cement. The properties of materials were assigned and a force of 100 N was applied at 45° angle to the longitudinal axis of the tooth onto the palatal surface incisal to the cingulum. Statistical Analysis: Von-Mises stress along the length of the root will be analysed and compared. Results: The study is currently awaiting completion. Conclusions: The study is currently awaiting completion.
Reg. No. 877
Category: Original Research
New Generation Smart Resin based Bioactive Dental Composites with pH sensitive controlled Ion release
A. Chakravarthy
Sri Ramachandra Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Context: Hydrolytic degradation of the Resin Matrix in the intraoral environment is a well documented phenomenon in the literature. Secondary/ recurrent caries i.e., caries initiating at the tooth – resin interface is also a leading cause of restoration failure. It has been shown that the surface of Resin Matrix favours microbial attachment and biofilm formation making it susceptible to breakdown at the margins due to microbial activity and subsequent development of secondary caries. Hence, there is a need to improve the integrity and longevity of this class of restorative materials in the challenging milieu of the oral cavity. Aims: i. To characterise the new generation Resin based 'bioactive' Dental Composite materials for their dentin remineralization potential during salivary pH changes in the oral cavity. iii. To study the pH dependent ion release of Ca2+ and P042- from the modified Bioactive new generation resin composite restorative modified with Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles materials during pH changes. Materials and Methods: Blocks of polymerized Bioactive new generation resin composite restorative modified with Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles materials will be subjected to Inductive Couples Atomic Emission Spectrometry to study Ca2+ and P042- ion release under different pH conditions. Statistical Analysis: Ongoing study. Results: Ongoing study. Conclusions: Ongoing study.
Reg. No. 878
Category: Original Research
A comparative evaluation of the dislodgement resistance and tubule penetration of modified and unmodified calcium silicate based sealer and epoxy resin based sealer – An in vitro study
S. Harishma
Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
Aim: To compare and evaluate the pushout bond strength and mode of failure of calcium silicate based and epoxy resin-based sealers with and without incorporation of chitosan nanoparticles and also to compare and evaluate the dentinal tubule penetration of calcium silicate based and epoxy resin-based sealer with and without incorporation of chitosan nanoparticles. Materials and Methods: Eighty mandibular premolars with single canal were used. The root length was standardized to 15 mm. Canals were instrumented with Neoendo rotary files upto size 30/.04 and were irrigated with 2.5 ml 2% NaOCl and 5 ml 17% EDTA. For pushout bond strength: Group A Ceraseal; Group B Adseal; Group C Ceraseal +2% wt/vol Chitosan NP; Group D Adseal +2% wt/vol Chitosan NP. The samples were embedded in acrylic resin and were sectioned transversly at 11 mm and 7 mm from the apex. Dislodgement resistance was calculated using Universal Testing Machine. For sealer penetration it was grouped similar to push out bond strength with the addition of 0.1%wt Rhodamine B dye to all groups. Samples were embedded in acrylic resin and were sectioned at mid root level and viewed under confocal laser scanning microscope. Results: Are awaited as the study is still in progress.
Reg. No. 879
Category: Original Research
Comparison of different techniques for removal of calcium hydroxide from straight root canals: An in vitro study
Faaiz Patel
PMNM Dental College and Hospital, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India
The purpose of the study is to compare two different techniques for removal of calcium hydroxide from straight root canals. Materials and Methods: Twenty four extracted human teeth with straight root canals will be prepared to ISO-size 25/6 [neoendo files] and split longitudinally, Two lateral grooves were prepared, filled with calcium hydroxide and the root halves reassembled in a muffle. Calcium hydroxide was removed using following techniques: Group 1 no treatment (control), Group 2 – Sonic irrigation, Group 3 – ultrasonic irrigation. The samples will be split into two lateral grooves and will be observed under stereomicroscope. Results: Will be tabulated and appropriate conclusion will be done.
Reg. No. 880
Category: Original Research
Effect of sodium hypochlorite solution and gel with/without passive ultrasonic irrigation on apical debris extrusion
Giridhavar Padma Sree
Government Dental College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
Context: Apical extrusion of debris is one of the complications that may occur during root canal procedure. Even though it may not hinder the long-term outcome of treatment but it may directly lead to increased levels of postoperative pain and lower the level of patient satisfaction. Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of Sodium hypochlorite solution and gel with/without passive ultrasonic irrigation on apical debris extrusion. Materials and Methods: Recently extracted human mandibular single-rooted premolar teeth were selected for the study. The initial weight of uncapped Eppendorf tube was weighed and specimens were placed in it. Access cavity was prepared and tooth are assigned into 6 groups based on irrigant used and passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), Group 1= NaOCl solution with PUI, Group 2= NaOCl gel with PUI, Group 3= Distilled water with PUI, Group 4= NaOCl solution without PUI, Group 5= NaOCl gel without PUI, Group 6= Distilled water without PUI. After cleaning and shaping, the teeth were taken out of the pre-weighed Eppendorf tube and the root surface adherent debris was collected by washing off the tooth apex with distilled water. The tubes were placed in an incubator at 70°C for 5 days to allow the evaporation of irrigant in it so that only dry debris can be weighed using an electrical analytical balance with a precision of 0.001 gram. Statistical Analysis: Data will be collected and statistically analysed. Results and Conclusion: To be evaluated.
Reg. No. 881
Category: Original Research
Comparative histological evaluation of two PRF formulations (PRF high and PRF medium) on quality of life and healing outcome of Apicomarginal defects: A randomized clinical trial
Shweta Mittal
Government Dental College, Rohtak, Haryana, India
Introduction: The objective of this randomized clinical trial was to investigate the effect of PRF High and PRF Medium on quality of life and healing outcome (2D and 3D) of apicomarginal defects. Histological and immunohistochemical evaluation of PRF formulations was also done. Methods: Patients presenting with endodontic lesions having concomitant periodontal communication were randomly allocated to PRF High and PRF Medium group. (N=20 each). Treatment protocol in each group included periapical surgical procedure with placement of PRF clot and membrane in the bony defect and ondenuded root surface respectively. The quality of life was assessed for one week after surgery following a modified version of the patient's perception questionnaire. Post-operative pain was assessed using visual analog scale. Clinical and radiographic evaluation was done using Rud and Molven 2D criteria and Modified PENN 3D criteria. Buccal bone formation was assessed using sagittal and corresponding axial sections in CBCT. Histological analysis was done using H and E staining and attaching primary antibodies to tissue sections. Results: PRF Medium group patients reported with significantly less swellingon 1st, 2nd & 3rd days and average pain on 2nd 3rd and 4th days post operatively. The success rate was non-significant between PRF Medium group (89.5%) and PRF High group (90%) in both 2D and 3D imaging. PRF Medium clots had a loose fibrin structure with more number of neutrophils. Conclusions: PRF Medium helps in improving the patient's quality of life. APCs promote satisfactory periapical healing with no significant difference between the groups.
Reg. No. 882
Category: Original Research
Antibiofilm efficacy of silver nanoparticles and cysteamine in combination with calcium hydroxide as intracanal medicaments: CLSM analysis
Andrew Gnanamuttu
Madha Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Introduction: This study aimed to determine the most effective antibiofilm concentration of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in combination with calcium hydroxide, Cysteamine in combination with calcium hydroxide. Calcium hydroxide and Triple antibiotic paste acted as control groups against Enterococcus faecalis biofilm. Methods: Dentin slices were sterilized and inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis for 3 weeks to establish a biofilm. Samples were randomly assigned to each groups. After 1,7 and 14 days of application, the samples were tested for biofilm elimination using CLSM. Results: The study is still under progress.
Reg. No. 883
Category: Original Research
Different trends in placement and removal of temporary restoration in endodontics: A survey
Neha Tejrao Ingle
Dr. Rajesh Ramdasji Kambe Dental College, Akola, Maharashtra, India
Background: In routine, the endodontic treatment may require multiple visits to complete the treatment. Tooth undergoing multi-visit endodontic treatment can be contaminated with oral fluids, both during and after treatment. So, the use of temporary restoration is mandatory in between the appointments or before placement of definitive restoration. Moreover, temporary restoration also allows temporary functioning of the tooth, maintain intra-arch relationships, prevent supraeruption and provide esthetics. There are different practices regarding the use of temporary restoration from giving open dressing to a proper inter-appointment restoration. So, it is one of the most important but a neglected topic in endodontics. Methods and related difficulties for complete removal of temporary restoration are also varying between clinicians. There is requirement of uniform guidelines for placement and removal of such restorations for predictable success in endodontics. Aims: the present survey is under process, for knowing the different trends of use of temporary restorations, their placement and predictable removal in endodontics by specialists in endodontics, general dentists, post-graduate students and interns. Materials and Methods: The questionnaire is provided to practitioner with the aim to know the type of material, frequency, thickness, different techniques for removal and difficulties they are facing while removal of temporary restoration in multi-visit endodontics. Approximately sample size is 200. On the basis of collected data, various trends can be determined regarding temporary restoration in endodontics like ease of placement, ease of removal, whether to place cotton below temporary restoration etc. Results: Survey is yet to complete. Results will be discussed as soon as the survey is complete and data is analysed.
Reg. No. 884
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Aesthetic rehabilitation by using novel technique to ensure space closure
Apurva Surendra Satpute
SMBT Dental College, Sangamner, Maharashtra, India
Background: Spacing is one of the most common forms of malocclusion seen frequently between maxillary incisors. It leads to an unpleasant smile, impairment of phonetics, and difficulty in maintaining good oral hygiene. These spacings can be managed either by surgical, orthodontic, periodontal, restorative, and prosthodontic procedures or by a combination of procedures to achieve patient's aesthetic and functional requirements. One of the best technique relies on creating a wax-up restoration on model, in order to simulate the space closure, and building a silicone index to guide the final composite resin restoration. This case describes this novel technique that helps the clinician on promoting a space closure with appropriate width proportions based on previous wax up, avoiding excesses of the resin material on the gingival area, which could lead to possible inflammation. Aim: Management of space closure by using putty index technique. Materials and Methods: Composite resin placement by using silicone index to perform space closure. Results: The use of a silicone index made with putty polyvinyl siloxane (PVS) performed over a modified wax up, helped in achieving aesthetically pleasant diastema closure with appropriate proportional widths, respecting the gingival tissue. Conclusion: The use of a novel silicone index technique to ensure equal distribution for spaces of involved teeth space closure also improving gingival tissue's health.
Reg. No. 885
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of antimicrobial efficacy of two herbal extracts (Andrographis paniculata and Psidium guajava) with conventional intracanal medicaments against Enterococcus faecalis – An in vitro study
Apurva S. Jamodkar
SDKS Dental College, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
Aim and Objective: The aim of this vitro study was to comparatively evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of Andrographis paniculata (Kalmegh) leaf extract, Psidium guajava (Guava), Calcium hydroxide and Triple antibiotic paste as intracanal medicaments against Enterococcus faecalis. Materials and Methods: Hundred microliters of test organisms E. faecalis suspensions were obtained from prepared cultures and were inoculated in culture plates with previously set layers of Mueller–Hinton Agar. Sterile spreader was used for inoculation of these organisms. Disc diffusion assay were conducted. Using pipette, 200 microliters of the extract to be tested were added to the filter paper disk placed in Petri Dish, and then were dried on the bench at room temperature for 3 hours and were placed on the top of the agar. These plates were incubated for 24 hours at 37°C in an incubator. After incubation period, plates were checked for zones of inhibition of bacterial growth and diameters of the zones were recorded in millimetres. Comparison of mean will be performed using two independent samples t-test or Mann-Whitney U test. Within the group comparison of mean across the points will be done with paired t-test or Wilcoxon Sign Rank test. Difference in proportion of qualitative parameters will be assessed with Pearson's Chi-squared test. p value. Results: The study is under progress & results are awaited. Conclusion: Herbal intracanal medicaments like Andrographis paniculata and Psidium guajava may be effectively used as intracanal medicaments.
Reg. No. 886
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of antimicrobial efficacy of calcium hydroxide and nitrofurantoin against Candida albicans – An in vitro study
Aaisha Shaikh
SDKS Dental College, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
The main aim of endodontic therapy is to eliminate all micro- organism and complete removal of pulp tissue from root canal system. To achieve this mechanical preparation, irrigation, microbial control is done by complete filling of mot canal system some micro- organisms may survive during the root canal procedure. Therefore intracanal medicaments represent an ideal reinforcement step to achieve complete disinfection of root canal system. Calcium hydroxide is widely used as an intracanal medicament because its therapeutic effects depends on the dissociation of calcium hydroxide into calcium and hydroxyl ions. Recently Nitrofurantoin which is used as an oral antibiotic for the treatment of urinary tract infection. It is well known antibacterial agent and the drug of choice for the treatment of infection caused by multi drug resistant pathogens. It is effective against most gram positive and gram negative bacteria Due to its successful result in medical field it has recently drawn, its attention in dentistry. No previous studies have been done to explore the effect of Nitrofurantoin as a new intracanal medicament within the root canal system against C.albicans Therefore this study assessed the efficacy of Nitrofurantoin paste as an intracanal medicament in extracted teeth in comparison with calcium hydroxide.
Reg. No. 887
Category: Original Research
To evaluate and compare the antimicrobial efficacy of two bioceramic sealers Bioroot rc sealer and Ceraseal rc sealer with and without the addition of herbal extracts, Psidium guajava and Azadirachta indica by counting the colony forming units following direct contact test and by checking the optical density of Enterococcus faecalis culture before and after addition using a spectrophotometer
K. S. Sachin
Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
Aim: To evaluate and compare the antimicrobial efficacy of two bioceramic sealers Bioroot rc sealer and Ceraseal rc sealer with and without the addition of herbal extracts, Psidium guajava and Azadirachta indica by counting the colony forming units following direct contact test and by checking the optical density of E faecalis culture before and after addition using a spectrophotometer. Two experimental groups were formed and these groups will be further divided into three subgroups- Subgroup I A (control) - CeraSeal root canal sealer, Subgroup I B - CeraSeal rcs+ ethanolic extract of neem, Subgroup I C - CeraSeal rcs + ethanolic extract of guava, Subgroup II A (control) - BioRoot RCS root canal sealer, Subgroup II B – BioRoot Rcs + ethanolic extract of neem, Subgroup II C - BioRoot Rcs+ ethanolic extract of guava, 20 microlitre of extract will be mixed with the premixed cement group to form a homogenous paste using a sterile cement mixing spatula. The prepared samples were transferred onto a dry Brain Heart infusion agar plates and These plates will be incubated at 37° C for twenty four hours. The colonies are counted using a digital colony. A spectrophotometer will be used to measure the optical density of the broth. Results: Are awaited since the study is still under progress.
Reg. No. 888
Category: Original Research
Effect of different irrigants on dentin microhardness and assessing their efficacy in smear layer removal: An in vitro study
Shiksha Dhawan
Bharati Vidyapeeth Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
Smear layer plays an important role in the success of root-canal treatment. Since it blocks dentinal tubules, it prevents the penetration of intra-canal medicaments and sealers in the dentinal tubules leading to failure of RCT. Hence it is crucial to remove the smear layer. During the smear layer removal, irrigants cause alterations in the chemical composition of the dentin, which may result in drop of dentin microhardness. Aim: To evaluate the effect of different irrigants (17% EDTA and Twin Kleen) on microhardness of root canal dentin and their efficacy to remove smear layer. Materials and Methods: 36 premolars extracted for orthodontic reasons were sectioned and randomly divided into two groups according to the irrigation solution used: Group 1: 17% EDTA, Group 2: Twin Kleen The 2 groups were then tested for change in microhardness using Knoop Microhardness Tester and efficacy of smear layer removal using stereomicroscope. Statistical Analysis: Data will be analysed using Chi-Square test and ANOVA. Results: Awaited. Conclusion: Awaited.
Reg. No. 891
Category: Original Research
Prevalence and morphology of C-shaped canals in mandibular second molar in a central Indian population: A CBCT analysis
Radhika Charhate
SDKS Dental College, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
Aim: To investigate roots with C-shaped canals and their prevalence, configuration type and bilateral occurrence of C-shaped canal by CBCT in Central Indian Population. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study uses the formula of Daniel et al (1977) to calculate the sample size. According to the formula, 110 patients were included in the study. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of mandibular second molars were collected from 110 patients (age18-70) from central India population who had taken CBCT for diagnostic or other purposes. Data of teeth on both sides were measured on axial, coronal and sagittal sections and evaluated properly for C-shaped canals, configuration type and bilateral occurrence of C-shaped roots and their morphology on CBCT images were assessed. And analysed using appropriate statistical test i.e. chi-square test. Results: Awaited. Conclusion: CBCT is a valuable tool to evaluate the C-Shaped canal. According to previous study on 238 CBCT scans evaluation showed that 9.7% of second molars had C-shaped canals. (CBCT) has been suggested as a useful method for studying C-Shaped root canal anatomy, since it provides three-dimensional images that allow a more accurate and detailed knowledge of the root canal system than is possible using conventional two-dimensional periapical radiographs. This retrospective study investigated C-shaped canals found on CBCT in permanent mandibular second molars in central Indian population.
Reg. No. 893
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of depth of penetration of various nanoparticles – An in vitro study
Bhupathiraju Shreya
Sri Sai Collage of Dental Surgery, Vikarabad, Telangana, India
Aim: The objective of this study is to evaluate the depth of penetration of irrigants with four different nanoparticles. Methodology: 75 single rooted human teeth were taken and divided into 5 groups (n=15): Group 1, irrigation with graphene nanoparticles; Group 2, irrigation with chitosan nanoparticles; Group 3, Irrigation with titanium dioxide nanoparticles; Group 4, irrigation with Graphene - Chitosan - Titanium dioxide nanocomposite; Group 5, (control group) irrigation with NaOCl. Teeth were cleansed and mechanically shaped and irrigated with different nanoparticles loaded with 0.1 wt % Rhodamine B. The samples were embedded in an epoxy resin. Transverse sections were obtained at 2, 5 and 8 mm from the apex and specimens were observed under a CLSM. Results were statistically analysed.
Reg. No. 894
Category: Original Research
An in-vitro comparative evaluation of microleakage of new bioceramic sealer, MTA based sealer and conventional resin based sealer under stereomicroscope
Indu Padmakumar
SJM Dental College and Hospital, Chitradurga, Karnataka, India
Three-dimensional sealing of root canal system plays an integral role in determining the success of treatment. This is achieved by using a solid core material and an appropriate sealer. Root canal sealers also provide a fluid tight seal by creating an effective bond between the core material and the dentin of the root canal. Aim: Aim of the study is to evaluate and compare the microleakage of Bioceramic sealer- Bio C sealer; MTA based sealer- MTA Fillapex; and resin-based sealer- AH Plus. Materials and Methods: One hundred and eleven extracted human single rooted teeth with closed apex were selected for the study. Teeth were divided into three groups of 37 specimens each. Chemo-mechanical preparation was done with the use of NiTi-Rotary Protaper Gold file upto size F2. Gutta percha cones were inserted into the canal after coating it lightly with Bio C Sealer (Group 1), MTA Fillapex (Group 2) and AH Plus (Group 3) and canal was obturated. Teeth were immersed in 2% methylene blue. Linear dye penetration was measured after longitudinal splitting of tooth under stereomicroscope at 30X magnification. Results: The test results demonstrate that mean difference in the Depth of penetration between 3 groups was statistically significant at P<0.001. Conclusion: Bioceramic and resin-based sealers showed lower microleakage as compared to MTA based sealers.
Reg. No. 895
Category:
Evaluation of antimicrobial efficacy of ozonated olive oil, sodium hypochlorite and silver citrate with conventional irrigation technique in root canals infected with Enterococcus faecalis: An in vitro study
Nitin R. Rao
SJM Dental College and Hospital, Chitradurga, Karnataka, India
Nonsurgical endodontic therapy uses chemomechanical cleansing & shaping of the canals, which is combined with antimicrobial irrigants and intracanal medicaments, to eliminate the bacteria. Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of different root canal irrigants with conventional irrigating technique in eradicating Enterococcus faecalis in single rooted mandibular premolar teeth. Methodology: Seventy-Five extracted single-rooted mandibular premolar teeth with closed apex were selected for this study. The canals were enlarged sequentially up to a size F2 protaper gold files. Cultivation of pure isolated colonies of E. faecalis (ATCC 29212) was done and incubated for 48 hours at 37°C to form inoculum. The irrigants used are NaOCl 5.25%, Novel Silver Citrate and ozonated olive oil with conventional irrigation techniques randomly divided into 3 groups containing 25 teeth each. Dentinal shavings were collected and incubated for 48 hours at 37°C. Colony-forming units were counted and microbial efficacy of irrigation was recorded. Observations were calculated & statistical analysis was done. Results: The test results showed that Group II showed significantly least CFUs / gm as compared to Group I & Group III at p<0.001 & p=0.002 respectively. Conclusion: Novel Silver Citrate dihydrate showed significantly better efficacy in eradicating E. faecalis from the root canal system with Conventional irrigation technique than Ozonated Olive oil and Sodium Hypochlorite 5.25% with Conventional irrigation technique.
Reg. No. 896
Category: Original Research
Evaluation of the effect of anticay application on enamel microhardness of teeth bleached with two different agents: An in-vitro study
Prishita
Bharati Vidyapeeth Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
Context: One of the popular at-home bleaching technique is night guard bleaching that utilizes Carbamide peroxide (CP). Strawberry is a natural ingredient currently used to whiten decolorized teeth. The loss of mechanical properties of enamel after the use of bleaching agents could be regained by incorporation of agents that can compensate for mineral loss such as Anticay (Calcium sucrose phosphate). Aim: To evaluate the effect of anticay on the microhardness of enamel after bleaching with carbamide peroxide and strawberry extract. Materials and Methods: The collected 25 teeth will be derooted at the level of cementoenamel junction and and crowns will be vertically sectioned in two equal halves mesio-distally to obtain a total of fifty samples. Group 1:Control group (n=10) Group 2 (n=20):Subgroup 2A (n=10):10% carbamide peroxide Subgroup 2B (n=10):10% Carbamide peroxide and Anticay application. Group 3 (n=20): Subgroup 3A (n=10): Strawberry extract Subgroup 3B (n=10):Strawberry extract and Anticay application. The surface hardness of each sample will be determined with a Knoops hardness tester. Statistical Analysis: Data will be analyzed using Chi-square test and ANOVA. Results: Awaited. Conclusion: Awaited.
Reg. No. 897
Category: Original Research
Antibacterial efficiency of calcium hypochlorite gel verses sodium hypochlorite gel, Chlorhexidine gel and triple antibiotic paste used in regenerative endodontics using classic colony counting test
Vaishali Rajendra Wankhede
MIDSR Dental College and Hospital, Latur, Maharashtra, India
Aim: To evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of calcium hypochlorite gel, sodium hypochlorite gel Chlorhexidine gel as intracanal medicament with triple antibiotic paste used in regenerative endodontics. Materials and Methods: Fifty extracted single-rooted mandibular premolar teeth will be decoronated and then will be enlarged to the size of Gates glidden drill up to size 3. Samples will be innoculated with Enterococcus faecalis and incubated for 3 weeks. Root end apices will be sealed with resin. Samples will be randomly divided into four groups according to medicament used; Group 1a: Negative control group uninfected root canals, Group 1b: Positive control group infected but untreated root canals, Group 2: CaOCl gel 2.5 %, Group 3: NaOCl gel 2.5 %, Group 4: Chlorhexidine gel 2%, Group 5: Triple antibiotic paste (TAP) using an equal amount of (1 mg/ml/medicament) Minocycline, ciprofloxacin, and metronidazole. Medicament will be placed into the canal using a 1 ml leur lock syringe and the coronal access opening will be sealed. Bacterial sampling will be performed before (S1) and after medicament removal (S2). The bacterial count will be determined by calculation of colony forming units (CFUs)/ml for each sample and then results will be transformed into log10 CFU values. Statistical Analysis: Will be done using Kruskal - wallis test. Results: Will be drawn and conclusion will be drawn.
Reg. No. 898
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Surgical management of large periapical lesion: A case report
B. Muhsina, M. V. Noufal
Azeezia College of Dental Sciences and Research, Kollam, Kerala, India
A successful endodontic therapy depends on resolution of all clinical signs and symptoms with complete repair or regeneration. In case of chronic lesions better outcomes are obtained by combining both nonsurgical and surgical approaches. MTA being the gold standard material for retrograde filling has advantages like excellent biocompatibility, low solubility, ability of inducing cementogenesis at the root surface with deposition of new cementum onto exposed dentin. PRF is coming up as a biological revolution in dental field which is an immune and platelet concentrate with specific composition, three dimensional architecture and associated biology that collects constituents of blood sample to favour wound healing and immunity. This case report discusses the management of a large periapical lesion in maxillary anterior teeth by microsurgical debridement of the lesion followed by retrograde filling with MTA and PRF application with a favourable healing in a 3 yr follow up.
Reg. No. 899
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of efficacy of xp endo shaper, xp endo finisher and r endo using ultra sonics in gutta percha removal during retreatment using CBCT – An in-vitro study
B. Laxmi Prasanna, Thumu Meghana Reddy
Sri Sai Collage of Dental Surgery, Vikarabad, Telangana, India
Aim: The purpose of this study is to investigate the residual root canal filling material after re treatment using xp endo shaper, xp endo finisher, R endo using ultrasonics. Materials and Methods: Root canal preparation is performed on 30 single rooted mandibular premolars using protaper gold file systems. Pre obturation scans are performed to measure the root canal volume. Obturation is performed and samples are randomly assigned into 6 groups (n = 5), according to the retreatment protocol used, Group 1 (n=5): XP endo shaper, Group 2 (n=5): XP endo shaper + XP endo finisher, Group 3 (n=5): XP endo shaper + XP endo finisher activated using ultrasonics. Group 4 (n=5): R endo, Group 5 (n=5): R endo + XP endo finisher, Group 6 (n=5): R endo + XP endo finisher activated using ultra sonics. After the retreatment procedure, the specimens are rescanned and the volumetric analysis of remaining root canal filling material is analysed using CBCT.
Reg. No. 900
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of temperature rise of composite resin using two different generations of light emitting diode curing unit and diode laser: An in vitro study
Shital Suresh Bade
MIDSR Dental College and Hospital, Latur, Maharashtra, India
Aim: Comparative evaluation of temperature rise of composite resin using two different generations of light emitting diode curing unit and diode laser: an in vitro study. Materials and Methods: 60 shaped composite specimens of Tetric-NCeram Bulk Fill will be prepared using moulds of diameter 5 mm. The composite will be inserted into the mould in a single increment, as per manufacturer's instruction. Polyester strips & glass microscopic slides will be placed over composite to produce a standardized smooth surface and to remove excess material. Glass slides will be removed and the top of each specimen will be then cured for 20 seconds keeping LCUs in contact with composite. According to use of curing unit, they will be divided in three groups (n=20). Group I: 3 MTM EliparTM DeepCure 2 nd generation monowave LED. (n=20), Group II: Bluephase 20i, Ivoclar Vivadent 3 rd generation polywave LED (n=20). Group III: SiroLaser blue, Dentsply Sirona diode laser (n=20) with 0.7 Watt power in continuous mode. The light guiding system is flexible glass quartz fiber with a diameter of 320 micrometers. Temperature measurement: The temperatures rise during photopolymerization of composite resin will be measured from the bottom surface of each specimen by using a digital K-type thermocouple (accuracy:±0.1°C) with thermometer which will be placed in contact with center of bottom surface of specimens. The specimens will be cured with the blue diode laser or the LED unit for 20 seconds. All light curing units will be in contact with spcimens during irradiation. Results: Awaited.
Reg. No. 901
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of immediate and delayed microleakage in class V cavities, restored with two novel bioactive restorative materials – An in vitro study
Pracheth
Dayananda Sagar College of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
Introduction: Marginal seal is the important factor for success of a restoration. Despite the many advantages and recent improvements within resin composites for dental applications, a drive for the development of alternative, smart restorative materials is observed. A relatively recent development is ACTIVA BioACTIVE Restorative and Activa Pronto, flexural strength was similar to that of flowable and bulk-fill resin composites, fluoride releasing properties are very similar to GIC. Aim: Evaluation of microleakage in class v cavities restored with different novel bioactive restorative materials. Materials and Methods: 120 freshly extracted human maxillary premolars were obtained and standardised class V cavities were prepared on the labial surface of each tooth measuring 3 mm mesiodistally, 2 mm occluso cervically 2 mm, 1.5 mm deep axially. Samples were randomly divided into 3 groups n=40. Group 1-nanohybrid composite; Group 2-Activa Bioactive material; Group 3-Activa Pronto. They were further divided into 2 subgroups based on whether microleakage was tested immediately or delayed. After storage and thermocycling, samples were subjected to dye extraction method for microleakage analysis using spectrophotometer. Statistical Analysis: One – way ANOVA was used for comparison of immediate and delayed microleakage. Post hoc Tukey's test was used for multiple comparison between the groups. Results: There was statistically significant difference in immediate and delayed microleakage between the three groups. Activa Pronto (group 3) showed the least microleakage, followed by Activa Bioactive Restoratives (group 2) and Nanohybrid composite resin (group 3). Conclusion: Activa Pronto material faired best compared to other 2 restorative materials on immediate and delayed microleakage testing.
Reg. No. 902
Category: Systematic Review
Graphene oxide – Contemporary and prospective pertinence in dentistry – A systematic review
C. Dhivya Rajeshwari
KSR Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Thokkavadi, Tamil Nadu, India
Graphene is a two-dimensional layered stack of graphite oxide consisting of carbon atoms bonded in a hexagonal honeycomb trellis which makes graphene the thinnest known material and has aroused tremendous attention in many different fields due to its unique and versatile properties, such as good mechanical strength, high conductivity, large surface area and satisfying biocompatibility. The discovery of this innovative and revolutionary material has opened many lines of research in various fields like nanomedicine and nanobiotechnology, such as in gene transportation, anticancer drug release, photothermal and photodynamic therapies, biosensors and tissue engineering. These applications have shown relevance in dentistry such as in implants, membranes, cements, teeth whitening, biosensors, pulp-dentin regeneration and as a smart reinforcing sca?old material. Incorporation of Graphene oxide into resins and membranes has shown antimicrobial property and also the dentinal tubule occlusion by enhancing the mineralization. It functionalizes effectively with other nanoparticles (chitosan or other elements) at the molecular level. Thus, all these potential properties make graphene and its derivatives as useful dopants and coating agents that might serve as a promising additive to enhance the properties of conventional dental materials. Hence, the current applications of graphene in dentistry and its possible praxis in Clinical applications in the near future will be systematically reviewed.
Reg. No. 903
Category: Original Research
Influence of instrument taper on the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth using different file systems: An in vitro studydifferent
Drasti Shrivastava
Maharana Pratap College of Dentistry and Research Centre, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India
Recent advances in rotary nickel- titanium (NiTi) files have develop new concepts of root canal instrumentation including an increased taper of preparation. Vertical root fracture (VRF) is complication in both endodontically and nonendodontically treated teeth, usually leading to extraction. Mechanical preparation affects both the geometry and volume of root canals, leading to stresses of the root dentin and consequently dentinal defects. There are many factors which contribute to VRF, therefore many studies are conducted to compare the susceptibility to fractures of endodontically treated teeth instrumented with hand and rotary instruments of different tapers. Hand K- files are manually operated endodontic instruments used for cleaning and shaping of root canals but despite their functions K files possess limitations, primarily their lack of stiffness in negotiation of curved and calcified canals, now days rotary files are more in use due to their flexibility and taper. In this research newly introduced file Hero Gold (MICROMEGA) and Neoendo Neohybrid (ORIKAM) are used. Hero gold rotary file has big inner core (for excellent resistance to breakage) and 3 edges. The Neoendo Neohybrid works with swaggering movement (2 point contact with the wall).
Reg. No. 904
Category: Original Research
To compare the efficacy of calcium hydroxide, modified double antibiotic paste and triphla as intracanal medicaments on the incidence of inter-appointment flare-up: An in vivo study
Jasleen Suri
RKDF Dental College and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
Aim: To compare the efficacy of calcium hydroxide, modified double antibiotic paste and triphla as intracanal medicaments on the incidence of inter-appointment flare-up: n in vivo study. Materials and Methods: Ninety patients requiring root canal treatment were assigned into groups A, B and C. In group A, calcium hydroxide was placed as an intracanal medicament. In groups B modified double antibiotic paste and in group C triphala were placed as intracanal medicaments. Patients were instructed to record their pain at 24 hrs, 48 hrs, 72 hrs and 1 week. Inter-appointment flare-up was evaluated using verbal rating scale (VRS). Results: Though the results were found to statistically non-significant, the no. (5) and percentage (16.7%) of flare up were found to be more in triphala than other groups, and least in modified double antibiotic paste. Also, it was noticed that there was a greater variation in the incidence of flare up between modified double antibiotic paste and triphala. [P value = 0.455 (NS) Chi-square statistics = 1.575]. Conclusions: Calcium hydroxide, modified double antibiotic paste and triphala, all three are effective for managing inter-appointment flare-ups. Modified double antibiotic paste is more effective than calcium hydroxide and triphala in preventing the occurrence of flare-up in patients requiring endodontic treatment.
Reg. No. 906
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Combination of hydroxyapatite and chorion membrane as a novel therapeutic option in regenerative periapical endodontic surgery
Dathar Sai Sambhavi
Sri Sai Collage of Dental Surgery, Vikarabad, Telangana, India
Introduction: Periapical surgery is the last resort in the arsenal of an endodontist to effectively deal with periapical lesions that result from necrosis of the pulp. Bone grafts, growth factors and membranes form an array of regenerative materials that influence the healing outcome of periapical surgery. Materials: Chorion membrane: It is derived from the human placenta. It is absorbable and contains various growth factors exhibiting anti inflammatory and antimicrobial properties with relative ease of processing and procurement. The use of this membrane may enable the regenerative cells to proliferate and exclude the down growth of the long junctional epithelium which is a crucial step in regeneration.
Presentation of case: The main purpose of the case presentations will be to assess the potential benefits of a combination of chorion membrane along with bone graft in periapical surgery in terms of reduced post-operative pain and discomfort, radiographic evidence of accelerated periapical bone healing and present a novel therapeutic option in the management of large periapical lesions. The patients will be assessed for discomfort immediate post-operatively and after a week. The patients will be recalled every month for the next 3 months for radiographic assessment of the periapical healing.
Reg. No. 907
Category: Original Research
In vitro evaluation of efficacy of self adjusting files and ultrasonic tip as supplementary instruments for removal of gutta percha and bioceramic sealer in endodontic retreatment of oval canals – A CBCT study
Joel George Thomas Madolil
Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of SAF and ultrasonic tip as supplementary instrument on removal of gutta-percha and bio ceramic sealer during retreatment of oval canals using CBCT. Methodology: 45 mandibular premolars of single straight oval canal will be decoronated to attain a 16 mm root length. Canals will be enlarged upto #40 using Neoendo flex files with adequate irrigation using 5 ml of 2.5%sodium hypochlorite, followed by 17% EDTA and finally with distilled water. Cold lateral compaction obturation will be done with gutta-percha and Ceraseal. The volume of the filling material in the canals will be analysed from the CBCT images. Retreatment will be initiated using Neoendo retreatment files. The samples will be grouped according to the supplementary instruments used for the removal of remaining filling material: Group I: Neoendo retreatment file without any supplementary instrument (n =15), Goup II: Neoendo retreatment file + SAF (n =15), Group III: Neoendo retreatment file + Ultrasonic tip (n =15). The CBCT images of all the samples after the removal of obturation material will be recorded and the volume of the residual filling material will be analysed. Volume % of remaining filling material = volume of remaining filling material/total volume of material in canal before removing ×100. Data will be analyzed using One-way ANOVA test followed by Tukey's HSD Post hoc Analysis.
Reg. No. 908
Category: Original Research
A comparative evaluation of effect of two different protocols of application of silver diamine fluoride on μTBS of universal adhesive to dentin after accelerated ageing: An in vitro study
Priyanka Kombade
MIDSR Dental College and Hospital, Latur, Maharashtra, India
Context: Universal adhesives represent a simplified and a reliable method of achieving effective bonding particularly because of functional monomers like 10-MDP. However inspite of all the advances in technology and knowhow of entire adhesion process and substrates, it is still difficult to achieve acceptable bonding with carious dentin. Over the years, Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) has demonstrated its clinical success in the arrest of caries lesions. However the research on the effect of SDF on bonding to dentin shows conflicting results. Considering all these factors, this in-vitro study is planned to carry out a comparative evaluation of effect of two different protocols of application of silver diamine fluoride on μTBS of universal adhesive to dentin after accelerated ageing. Materials and Methods: Occlusal enamel of 30 sound molars was removed to expose the mid coronal dentine and immersed in demineralising solution for 3 days. Samples were further assigned to three groups based on mode of SDF application, Group1: No SDF treatment on demineralised dentin, Group 2: 38% SDF applied and rinsed before bonding, Group 3: 38% SDF applied and bonded without rinsing. This was followed by bonding composite with G-Premio Bond (GB) in SE mode. The resin-dentin beams were prepared by sectioning and were divided into 2 subgroups of storage: a) 24 hours in distill water at 37oC, and b) 5 hours in 10% NaOCl. Microtensile bond strength was then evaluated using universal testing machine. Results: Awaited.
Reg. No. 910
Category: Original Research
Comparison of surface micro-hardness of artificially demineralized human enamel treated with four different treatment modalities: An in-vitro study
Akshay Khase
MIDSR Dental College and Hospital, Latur, Maharashtra, India
White spot lesion (WSL), which is characterized by an apparently intact outer surface and a demineralized subsurface, is considered the first clinical sign of dental caries, which is reversible under favorable conditions. Stopping or reversing carious lesions should be the main goal to reduce the risk of cavitation and the need for any operatory intervention.Great attention has been paid to non invasive therapy of WSL using mechanical agent like ICON based on Resin infiltration or using remineralizing agents such as Tooth Mousse plus based on Recaldent (CPP-ACFP) or using remineralizing toothpastes like Remin Pro or Bioglass based toothpaste like Elsenz. This study aims to evaluate, in-vitro, the surface micro-hardness of artificially demineralized human enamel treated with these four different treatment modalities. Methodology: Artificial lesions were produced on 20 Extracted maxillary central and lateral incisors using demineralization/ remineralization cycling (DE-RE). The specimens were divided into four treatment groupsGroup 1: ICON (DMG Dental Material Hamburg, Germany), Group 2: Tooth mousse plus (GC-Tokyo, Japan), Group 3: Remin Pro (VOCO America), Group 4: Elsenz (Group Pharmaceuticals Limited, India) and subjected to a new acid challenge using the same DE-RE cycling. The surface micro-hardness were evaluated in sound, demineralized, treated and further demineralized enamel areas.Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey's test (p < 0.05). Results: Awaited.
Reg. No. 911
Category: Original Research
A comparative evaluation of efficacy of three different optical magnification modalities used for tooth preparation for veneers – An in vitro study
MIDSR Dental College and Hospital, Latur, Maharashtra, India
Context: Tooth preparation for veneers is highly demanding and requires high conservation of tooth structure. Magnification devices aid in visual enhancement and improved ergonomics. Hence this study was planned for comparative evaluation of efficacy of three different magnifications modalities used for tooth preparation for veneers. Materials and Methods: 75 ivorine upper incisors are divided into 3 groups (n=25) Group 1-Tooth preparation with naked human eye Group 2- Tooth preparation using compound loups under 3x magnification; Group 3- Tooth preparation using an operating microscope under 6.0x magnification. A laboratory scanning device is used to scan the teeth both before and after the preparation phase. Computer- aided design software is used to overlay the outlines of the teeth in all groups. A sagittal plane is constructed throughout the digital teeth images, and measurements of cut hard dental tissues are done in order to evaluate the accuracy of tooth preparation by comparing the preparation depths in all the three groups. Results: Awaited.
Reg. No. 912
Category: Original Research
An in vitro comparative evaluation of relationship between endodontic access cavity types and cleaning efficacy of two different irrigation systems: An SEM study
Pooja Vaijnath Kendre
MIDSR Dental College and Hospital, Latur, Maharashtra, India
Forty extracted first and second mandibular molars will be randomly assigned to 4 groups as follows: Group 1 - Traditional access cavity, Group 2-Ninja access cavity, Group 3 -Truss access cavity, Group 4 -Cala lilly cavity preparation. After cavity preparation the instrumentation will be initiated with ISO hand files number 10 k file, followed by Neo endo flex files upto 25/4% and irrigated with 2.5%NaOCl. The following four experimental groups will be further subdivided into two evaluated as Group 1 A (n=5)- 2.5%NaOCl without activation, Group 1 B (n=5)- 2.5%NaOCl with ultrasonic activation, Group2 A (n=5)- 2.5%NaOCl without activation, Group 2 B (n=5)- 2.5%NaOCl with ultrasonic activation, Group 3 A (n=5)- 2.5%NaOCl without activation, Group 3 B (n=5)- 2.5%NaOCl with ultrasonic activation, Group4 A (n=5)- 2.5%NaOCl without activation, Group 4 B (n=5) 2.5%NaOCl with ultrasonic activation. Then tooth will be split longitudinally and examined by SEM for evaluation of cleaning efficacy in coronal third, middle third and apical third portion. Statistical Analysis: Data will be analyzed by using kruskall wallis test and Mann Whitney test. Results: Awaited.
Reg. No. 913
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Esthetic rehabilitation of discoloured teeth using in-office vital bleaching: A case series
Janhavi Vivekanand Swami
Government Dental College and Hospital, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
Context: Tooth whitening is one of the most popular aesthetic procedures in dentistry. Dental field offers a variety of products, and literature shows different successful techniques. Professional in-office whitening is becoming attractive due to its immediate effect. In a life style where in poised and esthetic smile is not only important for social life of patient but it also increases self-confidence and morale of patient. Aim: The aim of this case series is to demonstrate the successful removal of discolouration and subsequent enchancement of tooth shade by macroabrasion, microabrasion and in office light activated vital bleaching using hydrogen peroxide. Materials and Methods: The discolored teeth were first treated with macroabrasion followed by microabrasion by sodium hypochlorite and pumice powder. After which in office light activated bleaching was done. Hydrogen peroxide is widely used beaching agent. It bleaches the chromogens within the dentine, thereby reducing the body colour of the tooth and are often used in combination with an activating agent such as heat and/or light. Results: The results showed successful enhancement tooth shade and reduction in discolouration by using treatment protocol of macroabrasion, microabrasion and in office light activated vital bleaching by hydrogen peroxide. Conclusion: Techniques like macroabrasion, microabrasion and bleaching by hydrogen peroxide provides effective results for vital bleaching of discoloured teeth.
Reg. No. 914
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Clinical evaluation of three different materials used for indirect pulp-capping: In-vivo study
Kripa Krishnakumar
Srinivas Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
Pulp capping should always be considered as the primary treatment of choice for teeth without irreversible pulpitis in lesions approaching dental pulp. The predictability of vital pulp therapy has improved with the introduction of newer bioceramic materials. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical success of Biodentine, calcium hydroxide (CH), and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) as pulp capping materials for indirect pulp capping in carious permanent teeth. Methodology: Indirect pulp capping was done for patients with deep caries lesions. They were randomly divided into three groups: Biodentine group, MTA group, and CH group. Patients were recalled at 1 and 2 months to evaluate the clinical success of the treatment outcome. Conclusion: Indirect pulp capping with calcium silicate materials provided better results compared to that of calcium hydroxide.
Reg. No. 916
Category: Original Research
Microbiological evaluation of cotton, polytetrafluoroethylene tape, and foam as endodontic spacer material in combination with intra canal medicaments: An ex-vivo study
Manchala Sai Krishna, K. Amit Raj
Meghna Institute of Dental Sciences, Nizamabad, Telangana, India
Aim: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of cotton, polytetrafluoroethylene tape and foam as endodontic spacer material in combination with intra canal medicaments. Methodology: After ethical approval, 159 patients will be given an informed consent form to participate in the study. Following access opening and biomechanical preparation, the teeth will be divided into three groups of spacers - Group I: Cotton, Group II: PTFE tape, and Group III: foam. The groups will be further divided into 3 sub-groups where spacers will be used alone {sterile}, impregnated with calcium hydroxide medicament and impregnated with modified triple antibiotic paste. Samples which will be obtained from the access cavity at the baseline {sample 1} and after seven days of inter appointment period {sample 2} will be cultured on nutrient agar aerobically for 48 hours at 37° C and will be evaluated for an increase in the microbial load. Results: Data will be tabulated and results will be statistically analysed.
Reg. No. 918
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Esthetic management of discolured teeth
Nisha Girish Dalal
Government Dental College and Hospital, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
Context: Smile has been said to be the most interactive communication skill.the apperance of the dentition is of concern to a large number of people seeking dental treatment and the colour of the teeth is of particular cosmetic importance tooth discolouration is an esthetic problem. As reported by several studies, concerns are increased in adolescents regarding esthetics. Therefore it is crucial for dental practitioners to have an understanding of the etiology and clinical presentation of tooth discolouration in order to make a diagnosis and select the most appropriate treatment for each case. Discolouartion being the prime cause of esthetic dental treatment, etiology should be known to clinician. There are numerous factors that result in tooth discolouration. Tooth discolouration can occur as a result of intrinsic or extrinsic factors. Also, it occurs as a result of surface stains due to actual change in our tooth material, or because of a combination of both factors. Intrinsic discoloration is due to incorporation of substances within enamel and dentin- for instance tetracycline stains, fluorosis, jaundice, dental trauma, dental materials used in restorative dentistry. Long standing non vital tooth and periapical pathology also contribute to intrinsic staining. Aim: To present different treatment modalities pertaining to tooth discolouration. Results: The aetiology of discolouration can be due to extrinsic discolouration resulting in staining or some kind of damage to enamel. This case presentation aims to showcase different treatment methods according to the clinical presentation of the patient.
Reg. No. 920
Category: Original Research
Comparative assessment of enamel remineralisation on the surface microhardness of demineralized enamel – An in vitro study
J. Mary Vijo
RKDF Dental College and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
Objective: The main aim of the study is to compare two different remineralising materials containing (containing casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate, bioactive glass) on enamel surface microhardness. Materials and Methods: Thirty premolars were selected and used for specimen preparation. The (control group) Group 1 consisted of intact enamel samples, Group 2: CPP-ACPF (Tooth Mousse Plus), Group 3: Bioenamel remineralising gel (prevest denpro). All groups excluding the control group were subjected to demineralisation followed by that samples were treated with respective remineralising agents. This was followed by the assessment of surface microhardness using Universal Hardness tester. Results were analysed using one-way ANOVA test. Individual pairwise comparison was performed using a Scheffe's post hoc least significant difference (LSD) test. Results: Both remineralising agents used in groups 2 and 3 have shown significant outcome in means of improving the surface microhardness in comparison with the control group. Group 2 has improved the surface hardness by 8.34 where P=0.023 whereas group 3 has increased the hardness by 5.87 where P= 0.01. Conclusion: Although group 2 showed a superior hardness value than group 3, no statistically significant results were obtained between both the groups.
Reg. No. 921
Category: Original Research
Efficacy of endostar re-endo and mtwo-r retreatment systems in removing bioceramic, MTA, and resin based sealers from obturated root canals: An in vitro study
Mohammed Omer Kashif
AME's Dental College and Hospital, Raichur, Karnataka, India
Background: Gutta percha (GP) removal using hand instruments is a time-consuming procedure. Various nickel titanium instruments have been introduced for the effective retrieval of GP. Aim: Removability assessment of MTA Fillapex (MTAF), TotalFill BC (TFBC) and AH Plus (AHP), efficiency of two retreatment file systems in removing above sealers using Mtwo-R (M2R) and Endostar RE-Endo (ES-RE) files. Materials and Methods: 120 premolars were divided into 3 groups, instrumented up to #30.04 using iRace rotary files and obturated with single-cone technique by gutta-percha and one of the following sealers: Group A - MTAF, Group B - TFBC, Group C - AHP. Each group is further subdivided into two groups based on retreatment file system used; Group A1 – MTAF+M2R, Group A2 – MTAF + ES-RE, Group B1 – TFBC + M2R, Group B2 – TFBC + ES-RE, Group C1 – AHP + M2R, Group C2 – AHP + ES-RE were used in retreating. Specimens were then observed under a stereomicroscope. Statistical Analysis: Data was subjected to normalcy test (Shapiro-wilk test). Data showed non normal distribution. Hence non-parametric tests (Mann-whitney for comparison between two groups, Kruskal-wallis with post-hoc Mann-whitney test) were applied. Results: Residuals were more in AHP group, followed by TFBC and MTAF group. M2R system showed better efficiency in retreatment, than ES-RE in all the groups, though significant difference is seen between A1 & A2 subgroups of MTAF with p vaue 0.00*. Conclusions: AH Plus residuals were harder to remove followed by TFBC and MTAF groups. M2R retreatment system showed efficient removal than ES-RE retreatment system.
Reg. No. 922
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of antimicrobial property of 0.01%silver nanoparticles and 2% chlorhexidine against Enterococcus faecalis
Pooja Warade
AME's Dental College and Hospital, Raichur, Karnataka, India
Comparative evaluation of antimicrobial property of 0.01% silver nanoparticles and 2% chlorhexidine against Enterococcus faecalis – A microbiological short study
Introduction: Root Canal Irrigants are used against endodontic microbial flora. They are proven to be effective against microbes like E. faecalis that survive instrumentation and irrigation. Enterococcus faecalis is the most persistent microorganism which may cause reinfection in endodontically treated tooth. As a root canal irrigant, Chlorhexidine has a wide range of activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, antibacterial substantivity in dentine and acceptable biocompatibility.In nanotechnology, solution of silver nanoparticles seems to be effective irrigating agent, because of its antibacterial and antimicrobial properties. A low concentration (0.01%) of silver nanoparticles had superior biocompatibility, relative to sodium hypochlorite. Aim: Comparative Evaluation of Antimicrobial Property of 0.01% Silver Nanoparticles and 2% Chlorhexidine against Enterococcus faecalis. Methods: Three irrigants solutions will be considered they are 0.01% Sliver Nanoparticles,2% Chlorhexidine, Normal saline. Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212) will be cultured on Brain Heart Infusion Broth plate overnight at 37°. At the end of 48 hours of incubation, the vital bacterial population will be assessed by counting the number of colony-forming units on cultured agar plate. One drop of each irrigant will be placed in the cultured plates. After incubation, plates will be removed and the bacterial inhibition zone around each drop of irrigant solution will be recorded. Results: The present study is ongoing and results are awaited for the evaluation of antimicrobial property of 0.01% silver nanoparticles and 2% Chlorhexidine against Enterococcus faecalis.
Reg. No. 923
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Management of Avulsed teeth – A case report
Yash Chakkarwar
Rishiraj College of Dental Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
Avulsion, defined as the complete removal of the tooth from its alveolus, is a severe form of dental trauma. It is accepted that replantation is the treatment of choice for avulsed teeth. Management of avulsed tooth is a challenge to most of the clinician as it most unplanned dental visit and extra oral time plays the most vital role in saving avulsed tooth. This case report focuses on the use of PRF (platelet rich fibrin) which is a living biomaterial derived from human blood containing fibrin, platelets, growth factors, leukocytes and stem cells entrapped in a fibrin-based scaffold / matrix, which has been documented to promote bone and soft tissue healing and regeneration. Thus the purpose of this case report is to highlight role of PRF which can be highly beneficial in improving the treatment success rate of re-plantation procedure.
Reg. No. 925
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of 17% EDTA with 1% chitosan AND 5% carbohydrate derived – fulvic acid on smear layer removal: A scanning electron microscope study
Ampolu Srinivasa Rao
Government Dental College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
Context: Root canal preparation comprises combined action of endodontic instruments and irrigating solutions. This creates a granular, amorphous smear layer (SL) which occlude the dentinal tubules. This favours colonization of microorganisms and limits disinfection by preventing the irrigants and intracanal medicaments. Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate and compare the ability of 5% carbohydrate derived fulvic acid and 1% chitosan with 17% EDTA on smear layer removal with and without ultrasonic activation. Materials and Methods: Forty Eight mandibular premolar teeth were collected and decoronated to a length of 12 mm. Canal patency was established using 10 k-file. Working length was determined as 1 mm from the foramen. All specimens were randomly divided into 4 groups. Group 1 (NaOCl/EDTA) Sub divided into 1a irrigation done using 5 ml of 5% NaOCl for 1 min after each instrument use followed by final rinse of 5 ml 17% EDTA without activation, 1b irrigation was done with ultrasonic activation; Group 2 (NaOCl/Chitosan) EDTA was replaced with 1% chitosan Sub divided into 2a without activation 2b ultrasonic activation, Group 3 (NaOCl/CHD-FA) With 5% CHD-FA Sub divided into 3a without activation 3b ultrasonic activation. Teeth were split into two halves and were subjected to SEM analysis. Results and Conclusion: To be evaluated.
Reg. No. 926
Category: Original Research
A comparative evaluation of remaining dentin thickness and pericervical dentin thickness following the use of two different rotary systems: A CBCT in-vitro study
P. Aparna
PSM Dental College, Thrissur, Kerala, India
Background: Endodontically treated teeth are more prone to root fractures, which is strongly correlated to remaining dentin thickness (RDT) and also the type of instrument used. Peri-cervical dentin (PCD) extends 4 mm above and 4 mm below the Cemento enamel junction (CEJ). With the advent of single file rotary systems, cleaning and shaping have become easier and convenient. Trunatomy (TNT) and Hyflex EDM (HEDM) are two such file systems. Aim: This study is aimed to evaluate the remaining dentin thickness (RDT) and pericervical dentin (PCD) thickness on using two different rotary file systems, namely Trunatomy and Hyflex EDM. Materials and Methods: 20 mandibular premolar teeth with single root and single root canals were divided into 2 groups: Group 1-TNT and Group 2-HEDM. A customized template with size equivalent to the bite plane of CBCT machine will be made to standardize the position and angulation of the specimens for the CBCT scanning. Pre and post-instrumentation CBCT scans will be made for each sample. From the scans RDT will be measured in axial sections at levels 3 mm, 6 mm and 9 mm from the apex of the teeth. The PCD thickness will be measured in axial sections at two levels within 4 mm distance from the CEJ, one below and the second above the CEJ. Statistical Analysis: Data will be analysed using IBM, SPSS version 26 statistical software. Shapiro wilk test for Normality and one way ANOVA for intergroup comparison will be applied. Results and Conclusion: Study is in progress.
Reg. No. 933
Category: Original Research
Effect of whitening toothpastes on dentin abrasivity
Sinchita Mahata
Gurunanak Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Brilliant white natural teeth is considered as an integral part of an aesthetic smile in society. In modern dentistry tooth whitening has become a well-accepted and indispensable component of aesthetic dentistry. Both in-office and supervised-at-home treatments are readily available. However teeth whitening with commercially available toothpaste have become quite popular among the masses at it promises teeth whitening at home, with user-friendly techniques and at a fraction of the cost compared to in-office treatments. However, it has been seen that abrasivity of many of these whitening toothpastes is quite high and long-term use has shown deleterious effects. As there have been a limited number of studies with whitening toothpastes available commercially in India the aim of this study was to test the effect of three different commercial whitening toothpastes on dentin abrasivity compared with a conventional toothpaste.
Reg. No. 936
Category: Original Research
Long term effect of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in endodontic re-treatment cases
Ramesh Bharti
Faculty of Dental Sciences KGMU, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Aim: Evaluation of the long-term effect of PDT in endodontic re-treatment via clinical and radiographic analysis in patients receiving a single visit and two-visit modality. Materials and Methods: These two arms, parallel-group, triple-blind patient-randomized controlled trial included 27 patients in each group. Fifty-four root canals from anterior teeth were re-treated and received endodontic treatment followed by PDT. Microbiological samples were taken after accessing the root canal, after endodontic therapy, after PDT in the first group, and after 7 days in group 2 which involved PDT and placement of Calcium Hydroxide as an intracanal medicament in the first visit. Statistical Analysis: Univariate analyses like Chi-square/Fischer Exact test & Independent t-test were applied using SPPS. P <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Statistically significant difference was observed only at the S3 level with lower microbiological load in group 2 compared to group 1. More cases healed in group 2 at 2 years follow-up (p<0.05) while both the groups had more than 90% of lesions healed at 5 years follow-up (p>0.05). Healing in group I approximately doubled at 5 years follow up from 2 years follow up. Conclusion: In conclusion, two visits provided superior evidence over a single visit in microbial load reduction during the treatment and reduction in periapical score over 5 years of follow-up Combined use of PDT and calcium hydroxide is more effective in the disinfection of root canals.
Reg. No. 937
Category: Original Research
Effect of root-end cavity preparation using different techniques under microscope on microleakage of different cements
Rakesh Kumar Yadav
Faculty of Dental Sciences KGMU, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Background: When non-surgical re-treatment proves ineffective or is not feasible, periapical surgery is essential to save the tooth. Aim: To evaluate the effect of ER: YAG laser, ultrasonic tip, and round bur root end preparation on the sealing ability of Bio dentine, Endocem Zr, and AMTA as root end filling materials. Materials and Methods: 117 Single-rooted, extracted human teeth were collected, instrumented up to F2 protaper gold and obturated. Samples were divided into nine groups (A-I). The root end cavity was prepared according to the different groups and filled under magnification of 2.5x and submerged in methylene blue dye for 72 hours. Longitudinal sectioning of samples was carried out, which showed maximum dye penetration under a stereomicroscope, which was attached to a computer system. The Digimizer software was used to measure the extent of methylene blue dye penetration and the data was statistically analyzed. Results: Minimum microleakage was seen in group G (Round bur and AMTA) (mean = 0.28), and maximum microleakage was seen in group D (Round bur and Endocem Zr) (mean = 2.30). A significant difference was observed among different groups. Conclusion: Bio dentine, Endocem Zr and AMTA should be used as root end filling materials when the retrograde cavity is prepared with ultrasonic, laser, and round bur respectively. AMTA should be recommended as root end filling material in retrograde cavity preparation to get best outcome of endodontic surgery.
Reg. No. 938
Category: Original Research
The effect of working length and root canal preparation technique on crack development in the apical root canal wall
Dileep Soni
Mahatma Gandhi Dental College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
Aim/Objectives: To evaluate the effect of working length and root canal preparation with Stainless steel files, Hand Pro-Taper files, Rotary Pro-Taper files and One-Shape files on crack development in the apical root canal wall. (In-Vitro Study). Methodology: One hundred twenty teeth are randomly selected and teeth were embedded in an acrylic tube filled with autopolymerising resin. A baseline image of the apical surface of each specimen recorded under a digital microscope (80x). The cervical and middle thirds of all samples were flared with #2 and #1 Gates-Glidden drills. The teeth were randomly divided into eight groups of 15 teeth each according to the file type [Hand K-File, Hand-Protaper, Rotary Protaper and One-shape] and instrumented at working length and 1 mm less than working length. Final image after dye penetration was digitally recorded. Results: Maximum numbers of cracks were observed with hand protaper files followed by hand K- file, rotary protaper files and least with one shape files at the working length. Logistic regression analysis revealed a significant effect of working length on crack formation at WL and 1 mm short of WL (P < 0.01). Conclusion: More cracks were observed with hand files in comparison to rotary files at the working length whereas at 1 mm short of working length more cracks were observed with rotary files.
Reg. No. 941
Category: Systematic Review
Are intentionally endodontic treated abutments more successful than vital tooth abutments in fixed partial dentures?
M. Abisha, R. Jael Fiona
Madha Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Fixed partial dentures are still viable prosthetic restorations for partially edentulous patients, though implants are becoming more preferred. Many a time, prosthodontist wants abutments to be intentionally devitalized to enable adequate preparation without compromising pulpal integrity. Such devitalization would be meaningful if the abutments present with moderately deep caries/trauma approximating the pulp, large restorations, supra-eruption, tilting and history of spontaneous/lingering pain in the past. In endodontics, there is a paradigm shift in using vital pulp therapies for adult mature permanent teeth with irreversible pulpitis and apical periodontitis instead of doing conventional root canal treatment. With this background, it would be unbecoming of us to devitalize healthy prospective abutments for the sake of prosthetic rehabilitation of missing teeth. Hence, we conducted a thorough review of the literature to understand if intentionally root canal treated teeth serve as better abutments than vital ones. This systematic review and meta-analysis is to have a clarity on whether an endodontic treatment is necessary for tooth to be used as abutments for prosthetic rehabilitation.
Reg. No. 943
Category: Original Research
Evaluation of surface roughness and microhardness of bulk-fill and nanohybrid composite after exposure to different beverages at various time intervals
Gautam P. Badole, Pratima R. Shenoi
VSPM Dental College and Research Centre, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
Context: Bulk fill composite used in a single increment and reduces the steps of incremental placement. Different beverages have some effect on the physical properties of restorative material. Aim: To compare the surface roughness and microhardness of Bulk-Fill composite and nanohybrid composite resin after exposure to three different beverages at different time interval. Materials and Methods: 60 composite discs each for bulk fill and nanohybrid, of dimensions 10 X 2 mm were made. Both composites were randomly divided into four subgroups i.e. 15 samples each for artificial saliva, tea, coffee and soft drink which were further subdivided into 5 samples for 3 time intervals. Composite resin discs were immersed in beverages for 4 minutes in 24 hours for the period of 7, 15 and 30 days. All samples were evaluated for surface roughness and microhardness before and after immersion. Results: Both the composite showed significant increase in surface roughness in all the beverages with maximum change in surface roughness was observed in nanohybrid composite resin immersed in soft drink. Also microhardness of both the composite was decreased significantly in all beverages with maximum change in microhardness was observed in nanohybrid composite resin immersed in soft drink. Conclusions: Bulk fill composite resin has better resistance to surface roughness and higher microhardness as compared to nanohybrid. Also acidic beverages highly affect the physical properties of both composite resins in longer periods of time.
Reg. No. 944
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Management of seven root canal in mandibular first molar
Syed Ammar Hussain
HSRSM Dental College, Hingoli, Maharashtra, India
The main objective of root canal therapy is thorough cleaning and shaping of all pulp spaces and its complete obturation with an inert filling material. Failure to explore and instrument even one of the canals results in improper cleaning of root canal system and can lead to endodontic treatment failure. The prognosis of endodontic treatment in teeth with abnormal morphology is unfavorable if the clinician fails to recognize extra root canals.
Reg. No. 946
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Stamp it!!!The extraordinary way to do a ordinary procedure
Himchumi Medhi, Benumith Lepcha
Regional Dental College, Guwahati, Assam, India
Introduction: Re-establishing the normal form, function and aesthetic corrections is one of the ideal requirements that has been established in dental textbooks. This is of great challenge in field of Operative Dentistry; so to make our job easier various techniques have been introduced- one such being the “Stamp Technique”. This technique is newer method for placing composite restoration with accurate occlusal topography which is indicated when the preoperative anatomy of the tooth is intact and not lost due to carious lesion. Case Series: In order to illustrate this stamp technique, a series of cases has been done in vivo by using bulk-fill composite resins in class I cavity design. Discussion: This case series aids in achieving a harmonious cusp-fossa relation with the antagonist tooth. Also the biggest advantage is that minimal time required for finishing and polishing, which is suitable for a busy clinical practice. Another advantage achieved is minimal material consumption and the oxygen inhibition zone which is believed to form on the surface of composite restoration is eliminated. Conclusion: Thestamp technique used to restore class I cavities is simple, practical and result in a very accurate anatomical restorations.
Reg. No. 947
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Endodontic management of cases of extensive root resorption with novel biomaterials
Vikrant Thakur
Himachal Dental College, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India
Tooth resorption is a common sequela following injuries to or irritation of the periodontal ligament and/or tooth pulp. The course of tooth resorption involves an elaborate interaction among inflammatory cells, resorbing cells and hard tissue structures. The key cells involved in resorption are of the classic type, which include osteoblasts and odontoclasts. Permanent teeth are usually not attacked by osteoclasts despite their situation in a site where active bone resorption constantly takes place as a result of local and systemic osteocalst activating factors.This fact points to anti-resorption factors residing in both the periodontal ligament (PDL) and the pulp. If their is loss of this tissue integrity, root resorption may occure, esecially if non- PDL derived cells gain access to the site.
Reg. No. 949
Category: Original Research
Comparative antimicrobial evaluation of sea buckthorn oil and chlorhexidine against Enterococcus faecalis – An in vitro study
Nikhil R. Sathawane
SDKS Dental College, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
Introduction: Sea buckthorn (genus Hippophae L.) is a berry-bearing, thorny, nitrogen-fixing deciduous shrub from the Elaeagnaceae family. Recent literature have shown that Seabuck thorn oil possesses significant antimicrobial activity against E.Faecalis. The most common endodontic pathogen for root canal failure is E.Faecalis. Very limited studies have been done on antimicrobial action of Sea buck thorn oil and no literature has been found to compare its action against Chlorhexidene. Since at present Chlorhexidine is found to be most effective against E. Faecalis. Hence the purpose of this study is to evaluate and compare the antimicrobial action of Sea buck thorn oil and Chlorhexidine against E.Faecalis. Materials and Methods: Sea buckthorn fruit will be crushed and soaked in 50 mL of ethanol (99.9%) for two weeks at room temperature. Exposure to sunlight will be avoided to prevent the degradation of active components. The ethanolic plant extracts will be filtered through Whatman No. 1 filter paper. The obtained extracts will be subjected to evaporation under reduced pressure at 40°C to remove the ethanol. Then E.Faecalis will be cultured and transferred to three culture plates which will then be subjected to Chlorhexidine solution and Seabuck thorn oil and incubation will be done. Zones of inhibition will be evaluated.
Expected results: Maximum zone of inhibition is expected with Seabuck thorn oil.
Reg. No. 951
Category: Systematic Review
Prebuild to rebuilt
Unmesh D. Khanvilkar
Yogita Dental College and Hospital, Khed, Maharashtra, India
Early endodontic research paid little attention to the impact of subpar coronal restorations on endodontic results and instead concentrated on the quality of preparation and obturation to assure long-term treatment success. According to the literature, coronal leakage rather than apical leaking is more likely to be a factor in determining clinical success or failure. Endodontic failure may be largely attributed to coronal leakage, isolation difficulties, and the possibility of inter-appointment coronal-radicular fracture. By offering a robust core strength and coronal seal, a bonded core implanted before cleaning and obturating the tooth's canal system can significantly reduce the risk for leakage during and after endodontic therapy. The simplicity of placing the rubber dam will make up for the brief time spent on pre endodontic build up.
Reg. No. 953
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Radix entomolaris and radix paramolaris: An endodontic clinical challenge
Surendra Kumar Mishra
Dr. Ziauddin Ahmad Dental College, AMU, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
For a successful endodontic treatment, thorough understanding of root canal anatomy and morphology is required. Teeth exhibiting anatomic irregularities or accessory or aberrant root canals may result in incomplete disinfection of the root canal system leading to endodontic failure. An operator needs to be well aware of such anatomical variations while performing the treatment to have successful outcome. It has been reported that mandibular first molars show several anatomic variations, both in number of canals and number of roots. An extra root placed lingually (radix entomolaris) or buccally (radix paramolaris) can be seen in mandibular molars which has a varied prevalence in different ethnic groups. Its prevalence has been reported to be more prevalent in Mongolian and Eskimo populations (21% to 33%) while in Indian population it is found to be less than 5% (0.2 to 5%). An awareness and understanding of this unusual root and its root canal morphology is necessary for successful endodontic treatment of such cases. Care and caution has to be exercised in such cases for locating the canal orifice, chemo mechanical cleaning and shaping of the root canals before a three dimensional fluid tight obturation. The presented paper describes the management of cases of mandibular first molars with (radix entomolaris, RE) and radix paramolaris (RP) and a brief literature review regarding the prevalence of these anatomical variations.
Reg. No. 954
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Demystifying open apex – A case series on the management of open apex
Sohail Yasin, Goutham Balakrishnan
Vydehi Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
Introduction: Traumatic injuries to the teeth are common among most of the facial injuries. Most of these injuries occur before the completion of root formation. Premature loss of vital pulp results in a fragile tooth with a compromised crown-root ratio, thin dentin walls and an apex which is not completely formed. There are various therapies to treat permanent teeth with open apex and pulpal pathology. Apexification is a procedure of induction of a calcified apical barrier in the apical zone of an incompletely formed root.The primary objective of endodontic therapy is complete obturation of root canal space to prevent reinfection. In teeth with incomplete root development the absence of natural constriction at the end of the root canal presents a challenge and makes the control of the filling materials difficult. In such case the communication between the root canal system and the peri-radicular tissues can be sealed with a barrier material against which obturation material can be compacted. Case Report/Series: This case series presents with cases that were successfully managed with various methods of management of open apices. Conclusion: This case series highlights the importance of thorough knowledge of various materials used in the management of immature apices. A clinician must be aware of the various techniques to manage such cases with a successful outcome.
Reg. No. 956
Category: Original Research
The effect of xylene on cyclic fatigue resistance of three different rotary retreatment files – An in vitro study
Neha Verma
Army College of Dental Sciences, Secunderabad, Telangana, India
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of xylene on the cyclic fatigue resistance of three different rotary nickel-titanium (NiTi) retreatment files. Materials and Methods: Sixty ProTaper, D-RaCe, and Neoendo retreatment files (20 each) were randomly assigned to two groups (n=30); Group I with immersion in xylene for 5 min, and Group II not immersed in xylene. All instruments were tested for cyclic fatigue. Resistance to cyclic fatigue was determined by counting the number of cycles to failure in a 60° curve with a 5-mm radius by recording the time to fracture in seconds. Results: ProTaper and D-RaCe retreatment files were unaffected from immersion to xylene. D-RaCe retreatment instruments showed better cyclic fatigue resistance than ProTaper and Neoendo retreatment instruments, though the difference was statistically non-significant (p>0.05). Immersion in xylene for 05 minutes increased the cyclic fatigue resistance for Neoendo (N3) but not for D- Race (DR2) and ProTaper (D3), and the results were statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusions: D-RaCe retreatment instruments had the highest cyclic fatigue resistance among retreatment files tested in this study. Immersion in xylene affect the cyclic fatigue resistance of D Race and Protaper, however, it increased the cyclic fatigue resistance of Neoendo retreatment files.
Reg. No. 958
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Preserving the natural: Case report on reattachment
Shraddha Hemant Padwal
D. Y. Patil Dental School, Pune, Maharashtra, India
Tooth injuries constitute an integral part of clinical odontology. Common form of dental injuries are anterior crown fractures that mainly seen in children and adolescents. A real challenge lies in managing complicated crown fractures, although they are less commonly seen. The incidence of complicated crown fractures ranges from 2% to 13% of all dental injuries. Re-attachment of original tooth fragment to the fractured tooth helps in maintaining original tooth morphology, tooth's original color and surface texture. Glass fibre posts serves an integral part in re-attachment procedures. Along with preservation and reinforcement of fractured tooth, fibre reinforced post allows creation of aesthetic restoration. When the fractured fragment is available, re-attachment of fractured tooth offers safe, conservative and aesthetically pleasant results due to recent improvements of adhesive techniques and restorative materials. This paper describes the re-attachment of fractured fragment of fractured fragment using glass fibre-reinforced and dual cure resin cement. Splinting of the fractured fragment was done using light cure resin composite as the fragment was mobile. Glass fibre post was cemented using dual cure resin cement following endodontic treatment of the fractured tooth. Aesthetic re-attachment of the fractured fragment was done. To improve the adhesion between fractured fragment and remaining tooth internal groove placement was done. At the 6 months follow-up, the resultant appearance was acceptable to the patient.
Reg. No. 959
Category: Original Research
Evaluation of interference of cell phone on working length determination by electronic apex locator: An in vivo study
Manjiri Pradeepkumar Raje
D. Y. Patil Dental School, Pune, Maharashtra, India
Cell phones are most commonly used electronic devices. Use of cell phones has been prohibited in many hospitals to prevent interference with medical devices. Technical support documents state that electromagnetic interference could cause electronic apex locators to operate in an abnormal, random, and possibly dangerous manner. Even so, in a dental clinic, patients tend to keep their cell phones on and nearby while undergoing root canal therapy. Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate the interference of active cell phones during electronic working length determination of a root canal using latest generation miniature apex locator. In this study, thirty patients requiring root canal treatment in the anterior teeth or premolars having single canal and mature apices are selected. Working length determination is done using 15 K-file with a latest generation miniature apex locator. A standard single cell phone device is used to evaluate the electromagnetic interference on working length determination using electronic apex locator which is measured under following conditions: no cell phone within the working area, cell phone within 2 feet from electronic apex locator in standby mode and cell phone within 2 feet from electronic apex locator in ringing mode.
Statistical analysis and results: Are awaited.
Reg. No. 960
Category: Case Series/Case Reports
Dentigerous cyst associated with impacted permanent maxillary canine and lateral incisor in same cystic follicle: A case report
Balkaran Singh Kanwar
Himachal Dental College, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India
Background of report: Dentigerous cysts are the most frequent type of developmental odontogenic cysts. They surround the crown of impacted teeth, often displacing them into ectopic positions. In descending order, teeth most frequently affect are mandibular third molar, maxillary canine, mandibular premolar and maxillary third molar. These cysts are commonly seen in second and third decade of life but can also be found in children and adolescents with an increased incidence in males. In maxilla, teeth involving the dentigerous cysts are often displaced into the sinus sometimes even to the level of floor of nose or orbit. Clinically, these cysts are asymptomatic and often detected incidentally when radiographs are taken to investigate cases of retained primary teeth, missing teeth, delayed tooth eruption or for orthodontic reasons. Consequently, there are no obvious clinical clues concerning prevention and diagnosis as well as subsequent treatment decisions. The introduction of cone beam computed tomography has recently allowed drawing a new and much more documented light on the diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. The reported case: involving Maxillary permanent Lateral Incisor teeth in a single cystic follicle. Management protocol: Dentigerous cysts are generally treated by surgical means. Initially treated by endodontic treatment of the involved tooth. Followed by curettage of the cyst further apicoectomy and canine impaction was done. Finally a PRF and Bone graft was placed for rehabilitation.
Reg. No. 961
Category: Original Research
Periapical and endodontic status of rheumatoid arthritis patients in Chennai, India: A case-control study
V. Aishwarya
Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the oral health of patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis, with focus on the prevalence of dental caries, apical periodontitis and effects on outcome of endodontic treatment. Materials and Methods: • Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional Review Board – IRB No: MADC/IRB-XXXIII/2020/556. • Patient consent was obtained. Demographic data, characteristics of disease under study (rheumatoid arthritis), duration of disease, familial history, drug history, investigations, and other medical histories were collected from patients using a data recording form. • Patients were subjected to dental examination and their dental caries status was recorded using the DMFT index. Missing teeth extracted due to failed endodontic treatment were noted. • Panoramic radiographs (OPG) were taken if indicated, following ALARA principles. • Control subjects were also evaluated in the same manner. • Radiographic endodontic evaluation was done using Periapical Index (PAI). If root canal-treated teeth were present, quality of root canal filling and coronal restoration were evaluated in accordance with Tavares et al. 2009 criteria. • The significance of differences was determined using appropriate statistical analysis. Results and Conclusion: The results of the study are awaited. Clinical Significance: Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease affecting small joints of extremities. Treatment involves use of immunosuppressive agents (corticosteroids, methotrexate). It may have a profound impact on oral health due to the effects of physical disability, which may compromise oral hygiene measures. The inflammatory, degenerative disease process and effects of medications may also contribute to compromised periapical healing. Early intervention in such patients may be beneficial.
Reg. No. 962
Category: Original Research
Effect of two different endodontic post systems on pull out bond strength using Luxa Core Z resin cement
Shinde Priyanka Sanjay, Siddhesh Kokitkar
ACPM Dental College, Dhule, Maharashtra, India
Background: The restoration of endodontically treated teeth with excessive coronal destruction often requires a post and core system. In the past decades, a commonly employed system included a prefabricated fiber post and adhesive cement followed by core build-up.Reforpost, a prefabricated glass fiber posts is popular due to their superior aesthetics and mechanical properties similar to dentine, which minimizes root fractures and has lower elastic modulus. Ribbond has a three-dimensional leno-weaved triaxial braided structure, which renders mechanical interlocking of composite resin in various planes. The pull-out tensile bond strength testing of the cemented posts is considered superior to the push out bond tests and microtensile tests. Aim: To evaluate and compare the effect of two different Endodontic post systems on pull out bond strength using Luxa Core Z resin. Materials and Methods: 40 single rooted teeth will be selected, Teeth will be mounted in resin blocks, endodontically treated, sectioned at cemento-enamel junction and divided into 2 groups.A: Ribbond Inc., Seattle, WA, USA (no additional post space preparation reqired), B: Reforpost Angelus, Londrina, PR, Brazil (post space diameter 1 mm) post space 9-10 mm leaving minimum of 4-5 mm apical seal for both groups and cemented with resin cement (Luxa Core Z, DMG America). Specimens will be subjected to a pull-out test using a universal testing machine and tensile force will be recorded (MPa). Results: Awaited. Conclusion: To be concluded.
Reg. No. 963
Category: Original Research
Influence of different herbal extracts as root canal irrigants on microhardness of radicular dentin: An in vitro study
C. Sai Vennala
AME's Dental College and Hospital, Raichur, Karnataka, India
Aim: To evaluate the influence of different herbal extracts on the microhardness of radicular dentin and compare the effects of these herbal extracts with 3% sodium hypochlorite and saline. Materials and Methods: Forty extracted human single rooted teeth will be selected. Access opening and working length determination will be done, followed by instrumentation to apical size of 30 (F3) with ProTaper Gold using saline. All the teeth will be sectioned longitudinally into 2 segments using a diamond disc. Then, one half without any defects will be selected and embedded in autopolymerising acrylic resin by exposing their dentin. Later, all the teeth will be divided into 5 groups (n=8) Group I: Saline, Group II: 3% Sodium Hypochlorite, Group III: Propolis, Group IV: Curcuma longa, Group V: Morinda citrifolia, based on final irrigant. Initial and posttreatment microhardness will be recorded using Vickers microhardness tests. Results: The study is in progress and the results are awaited.
Reg. No. 965
Category: Original Research
Comparative evaluation of shear bond strength of composite resin using different pretreatment agents on dentin surface – An in vitro study
Kondepudi Srilakshmi
Lenora Institute of Dental Sciences, Rajanagaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
Context: To improve the durability of resin/dentin interface, studies have attempted to reinforce and stabilize collagen fibrils. Pretreatment of dentin surface with agents that inhibit the activity of MMPs could improve bond durability. Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate the bond strength of a self - etch adhesive to dentin pre treatment with combination of 1:1 chitosan and riboflavin, 2% chlorhexidine, 50% Dimethyl sulfoxide after stored in distilled water over a period of 24 hours. Materials and Methods: 60 human permanent extracted molars teeth will be collected and stored in distilled water for 24 hours. Dentin surface will be exposed with the help of slow speed sectioning diamond disc under water. All the specimens will be divided randomly four groups according to dentin pretreatments as Group 1 no pretreatment (control), Group 2 pretreatment with 2% CHX, Group 3 pretreatment with riboflavin/chitosan combination, Group 4 pretreatment with 50% DMSO. Bonding will be performed with single bond universal bonding agent. Later composite material will be placed on the dentin surface. Specimens will be stored in distilled water for 24 hours at 370 C before testing. The specimens will be tested for shear bond strength using Universal Testing Machine. Statistical Analysis: All data tests will be analyzed using one- way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test.
Reg. No. 967
Category: Original Research
Comparing the incidence of postoperative hypersensitivity in class 1 composite restorations using 7th generation bonding agent with two different curing modes
Rajvi Dimple Shah
College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
Introduction: Posterior composite restorations are widely preferred nowadays because of the various advantages. With 7th generation bonding agent acid etching is performed without need of washing thus diminishing the chances of hydrolysis. Polymerization shrinkage stress results in cracked enamel and marginal gap that fills with fluids due to microleakage resulting in post operative hypersensitivity (POH). Various types of low irradiances light-curing protocols have been applied in clinical practice to reduce the polymerization contraction stress. Aim and Objective: To evaluate the occurrence of POH in class 1 composite restorations comparing the soft-start with the constant light curing modes using 7th generation bonding agent. Materials and Methods: Ten patients with each having contra lateral class 1 occlusal caries lesions in molars were participated. Twenty class 1 cavity preparations were restored with 7th generation bonding agent (3M ESPE, USA) and nanohybrid composite (Fusion, Belgium). For each patient, one restoration was cured with soft-start mode and the contralateral restoration was cured with constant curing modes using Light Emitting Diode (LED) curing light. POH was evaluated at day 1,2&7 post-treatment using Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Statistical Analysis: Data were collected and analyzed by Chi-Square and Fischer Exact tests. Results: Statistically significant differences were observed between the two curing modes in occurrence of postoperative hypersensitivity (P<0.05). Conclusion: Incidence of POH is seen less in soft start curing mode as compared with constant light curing mode.
Reg. No. 968
Category: Original Research
To compare and evaluate the effect of rotary and reciprocating file systems on incidence of dentinal defects during root canal preparation – An in vitro study
Ashish Shrikrishna Rokade, Shubhankar Nandkhedkar
CSMSS Dental College and Hospital, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
Context: It is established fact that all file systems damage the root dentine at different sites and different extent during biomechanical preparation which may lead to weakening of the tooth and may lead to fracture of the root canal treated tooth. Aim: To compare and evaluate the effect of rotary and reciprocating file systems on incidence on dentinal defects during root canal preparation. Materials and Methods: Fifteen single rooted extracted mandibular premolars satisfying inclusion and exclusion criteria will be included and studied in two groups. Group 1-root canal preparation with rotary protaper gold files till F2, Group 2-root canal preparation with RECIPROC BLUE FILE R25. Irrigation will be done with 3 sodium hypochlorite,17 EDTA and normal saline with dentsply trunatomy side venting irrigation needles. Teeth will be sectioned horizontally at 3, 6, 9 mm from apex with 0.1 mm low speed saw. All sections will be observed under digital microscope at 25x magnification. Absolute length of different defects will be recorded using image software. Statistical Analysis: Data will be analyzed by using students t test. Results and Conclusion: Are awaited.
Reg. No. 970
Category: Original Research
To compare and evaluate the microleakage of four different tooth coloured restorative materials in Class V cavities; A stereomicroscopic study
Zaryab Ateeque Momin
Bhabha College of Dental Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
Aim: To Compare And Evaluate TheMicroleakage of four Different tooth coloured restorative materials in class V cavities under stereomicroscope. Materials and Methods: Forty caries free human permanent maxillary premolar for orthodontic purposes were selected for the study to evaluate the microleakage. Standardized class V cavities in extracted teeth after etching and application of bonding agent these cavities were divided into four groups: Group I - restored with Filtek Z350XT Group II - restored with Filtek Bulkfill Group III- restored with Clearfill AP-X Group IV- restored with fuji II LC. All the restored specimens were subjected to thermocycling specimens were coated with nail polish varnish except on restorative material and tooth structure. Then the specimens were Immersed In 50% wt silver nitrate solution. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in dye leakage between the four restorative materials for occlusal margins. Group I showed significantly less microleakage compared to Group II and Group III & group IV at the gingival margins. The degree of microleakage in the gingival margins of each group was more than that in occlusal margins. Conclusion: None of the four materials were free from microleakage. all the four materials showed more microleakage at gingival margins compared to occlusal margins. among all the groups filtek Z-350XT showed the least microleakage at the gingival wall.
Reg. No. 972
Category: Original Research
Effect of Carnoy's solution on push out bond strength of Biodentine; an in vitro pilot study
P. Anuj Shankar
SDM College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
Aim: To evaluate the effect of carnoy's solution on bond strength of biodentine to dentin using pushout method. Materials and Methods: Twenty maxillary central incisors were selected and the coronal parts were removed. The roots were embedded in acrylic resin blocks.mid root dentin of each sample was horizontally sectioned and 2 mm slices were obtained. Standardized holes with 1 mm diameter were created using diamond bur on the dentin, parallel to the root canal. Later the holes were restored with Biodentine after mixing according to manufacturer instructions. The discs were divided into two groups of 10 each randomly. One group was dipped in Carnoy's solution for four mins and later rinsed with saline for one min. Another group was not dipped in any solution and was used as control group. Later The specimens were placed in an Instron machine with the root-end filling turned downwards. The push-out shaft was positioned on the Biodentine and push out testing was performed at a crosshead speed of 1.0 mm/min till there is debonding of Biodentine and the values were noted. Later the specimens were observed under stereomicroscope for analyzing the modes of failure. Results: Are awaited.
Reg. No. 973
Category: Original Research
Evaluation of antimicrobial efficacy of conventional endodontic sealers modified with addition of nanoparticles and a bactericidal agent – An in vitro study
Rideep Chaliha, Manisha
SDM College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
Complexity of the root canal anatomy provides the niche for bacteria remaining where endodontic sealers cannot reach during root canal treatment leading to infection persisting in 20- 30% of the cases. Many species of anaerobic bacteria were encountered in failed root canal treatment; however, Candida Albicans is one of the most frequently perceived in persistent peri radicular lesions. (37% in periapical lesions). AH Plus, an epoxy resin-based sealer has inhibited the growth of both bacteria and fungi significantly and is accepted to be the golden standard of endodontic sealers. The era of nanomaterials has had a long lasting impression in the field of dental science with advantages like large surface area to volume ratios, ultrasmall sizes and excellent properties. Chlorhexidine (CHX) is a broad-spectrum potent antimicrobial agent which demonstrates substantivity properties. There is a lack of literature comparing the antifungal efficacy of sealers with bioactive compounds containing nanoparticles tailored with bactericidal agents against microorganism in the root canal. Aim: To evaluate the antifung |
