Correspondence Address:
Savitha Seshadri
Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai - 60095
India

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Gingival microleakage of class II resin composite restorations with fiber inserts

Arias-Moliz MT, Ferrer-Luque CM, Espigares-Garcνa M, Baca P

The study aimed at evaluating the minimal biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), chlorhexidine (CHX), EDTA, and citric and phosphoric acids after 1, 5, and 10 minutes of exposure to biofilms of Enterococcus faecalis. The biofilms grew in the MBEC high-throughput device for 24 hours at 37o C and were exposed to 10 serial two-fold dilutions of each irrigating solution. The viable cell counts were log(10) transformed, and a concentration of an irrigant was considered to eradicate the biofilms when it produced a reduction of > or = 5 logarithmic units. NaOCl was the most effective agent, capable of eradicating the biofilms after 1 minute at a concentration of 0.00625%. CHX eradicated biofilm after 5 minutes at 2%. EDTA and citric and phosphoric acid solutions were not effective against the biofilms at any concentration or time tested.

J Endod. 2009 May;35(5):711-4

Root canal morphology of mandibular first premolars in an Indian population: a laboratory study

Velmurugan N, Sandhya R

This study determines the root canal morphology of mandibular first premolar teeth in an Indian population using a decalcification and clearing technique. One hundred extracted adult mandibular first premolar teeth were studied following decalcification and clearing. The shape of the canal orifice, root canal pattern and length of the teeth were determined. The mandibular first premolars were identified to have a round orifice (38%), oval orifice (44%), flattened orifice (17%) and C-shaped orifice (1%). The canal patterns were classified as Type I (72%), Type II (6%), Type III (3%), Type IV (10%) and Type V (8%) according to Vertucci's classification. C-shaped canals were identified in one tooth (1%). The average length of the teeth was 21.6 mm. Fourteen per cent of the teeth had mesial invaginations of the root. Type I canal patterns were the most frequently occurring in mandibular first premolars amongst the Indian population. 85.7% of the teeth with mesial invagination of the root had either two canals or division of canals.

Int Endod J. 2009 Jan;42(1):54-8

Pulp revascularization of immature teeth with apical periodontitis: a clinical study

Ding RY, Cheung GS, Chen J, Yin XZ, Wang QQ, Zhang CF

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a pulpal revascularization procedure for immature necrotic teeth with apical periodontitis. Twelve patients, each with an immature permanent tooth with chronic or acute apical periodontitis, were recruited. A triantibiotic mix (ciprofloxacin, metronidazole, and minocycline) was used to disinfect the pulp for 1 week. Then a blood clot was created in the canal, over which grey mineral trioxide aggregate was placed. Patients were recalled periodically. Six patients dropped from the study (as a result of pain or failure to induce bleeding after canal disinfection) and instead received a standard apexification procedure. Another 3 patients did not attend any recall appointments. The remaining teeth (n = 3) were found to exhibit complete root development, with a positive response to pulp testing. This study concludes that revascularization could be effective for managing immature permanent teeth with apical periodontitis with appropriate case selection.

J Endod. 2009 May;35(5):745-9.

Effect of 2% chlorhexidine digluconate on the bond strength to normal versus caries-affected dentin

Komori PC, Pashley DH, Tjδderhane L, Breschi L, Mazzoni A, de Goes MF, Wang L, Carrilho MR

This study evaluated the effect of 2% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) used as a therapeutic primer on the long-term bond strengths of two etch-and-rinse adhesives to normal (ND) and caries-affected (CAD) dentin. Forty extracted human molars with coronal carious lesions, surrounded by normal dentin, were selected for this study. The flat surfaces of two types of dentin (ND and CAD) were prepared with a water-cooled high-speed diamond disc, then acid-etched, rinsed and air-dried. In the control groups, the dentin was re-hydrated with distilled water, blot-dried and bonded with a three-step (Scotchbond Multi-Purpose-MP) or two-step (Single Bond 2-SB) etch-and-rinse adhesive. In the experimental groups, the dentin was rehydrated with 2% CHX (60 seconds), blot-dried and bonded with the same adhesives. Resin composite build-ups were made. The specimens were prepared for microtensile bond testing in accordance with the non-trimming technique, then tested either immediately or after six-months storage in artificial saliva. The data were analyzed by ANOVA/Bonferroni tests (alpha = 0.05). CHX did not affect the immediate bond strength to ND or CAD ( P > 0.05). CHX treatment significantly lowered the loss of bond strength after six months as seen in the control bonds for ND ( P P > 0.05). The application of MP on CHX-treated ND or CAD produced bonds that did not change over six months of storage.

Oper Dent. 2009 Mar-Apr;34(2):157-65Dr.