| ORIGINAL ARTICLE |
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| Year : 2020 | Volume
: 23
| Issue : 1 | Page : 71-78 |
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A comparative evaluation of smear layer removal by using ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, citric acid, and maleic acid as root canal irrigants: An in vitro scanning electron microscopic study
Ravneet Kaushal1, Ramta Bansal2, Sunil Malhan1
1 Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Desh Bhagat Dental College and Hospital, Mandi Gobindgarh, Punjab, India
2 Luxmi Bai Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Patiala, Punjab, India
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Ramta Bansal
Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Luxmi Bai Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Patiala, Punjab
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/JCD.JCD_43_20
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Introduction: Irrigants remove or dissolve smear layer formed during instrumentation. Thus it is important to study the effect of different irrigant solutions on smear layer removal.
Objectives: The aim of this study is to determine which irrigant effectively removes the smear layer from the coronal, middle, and apical third of the root canal.
Materials and Methodology: One hundred and twenty single-rooted mandibular premolars were decoronated and biomechanical preparation was done through hand instrumentation up to size 40 k file with 2.5% NaOCl irrigation between each successive filing, followed by irrigation with 5 ml of saline. The teeth were divided into Groups I, II, III, and IV containing 30 samples each and irrigated with 5 ml of 17% ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), 10% Citric acid, 7% Maleic acid and normal saline respectively for 1 min and final irrigation was done with 5 ml of distilled water of each sample. The canals were dried with 2% absorbent paper points. The roots were then split with a chisel and mallet. One-half of each tooth was selected and then was analyzed using a scanning electron microscope. The dentinal surfaces were observed at the cervical, middle, and apical third with ×2000 for the smear layer. The scores were attributed, according to Torabinejad et al. rating system.
Results: 7% maleic acid and 10% citric acid both are equally effective in smear layer removal from coronal and middle third, but in apical third 7% maleic acid is more effective than 10% citric acid. Between citric acid and EDTA, both are equally effective in smear layer removal from coronal and middle third, but in apical third, 10% citric acid is more efficacious than 17% EDTA.
Conclusion: Within the limitations of the study, it can be concluded that all three tested irrigants removed the smear layer from coronal, middle, and apical third. However, in apical third 7% maleic acid is the most efficacious irrigant in smear layer removal.
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