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| Year : 2007 | Volume
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| Issue : 2 | Page : 74-76 |
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| Maxillary incisor with two roots - a case report |
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Emmanuel1, R Indira2, Deivanayagam Kandaswamy1
1 Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Maduravoyal, Chennai, India
2 Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Ragas Dental College and Hospital, Uthandi, Chennai, India
Click here for correspondence address and email
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Keywords: tooth abnormalities, root canal therapy.
How to cite this article:
Emmanuel, Indira R, Kandaswamy D. Maxillary incisor with two roots - a case report. J Conserv Dent 2007;10:74-6 |
 Introduction | |  |
Endodontic therapy of abnormal root canal morphology is a challenge to the most experienced professional, and in a great number of situations, the tooth must be extracted. The vast majority of cases in the literature report development changes representing anomalies such as radicular grooves, fusion, gemination, dens invaginatus, c-shaped canals and concrescence. More than one canal in maxillary central incisor is not a very common finding.
The following describes the endodontic management of a maxillary right central incisor that could be diagnosed as gemination, as well as the treatment of periapical and lateral bone loss with the aid of calcium hydroxide.
| Case report | | |
A 16 -year-old male in good health was referred for endodontic treatment of maxillary right central incisor. Clinical examination revealed a periapical swelling in relation to the tooth. Probing revealed no periodontal pocketing around the tooth. Radiographic evaluation showed that tooth had two separate canals. Periapical and lateral radiolucencies were associated with the tooth. The corresponding tooth on the opposite side of the arch seemed radio graphically and clinically normal. The adjacent lateral incisor showed haziness near the root apex.
Without anesthesia and using carbide burs access opening was done. The working length radiograph revealed two canals at the apex with fully developed roots. The root canals were thoroughly instrumented with Gates-Glidden drills and K-type files using 2.5% sodium hypochlorite irrigation. After drying with paper points, the canals were filled with a thick mixture of calcium hydroxide and glycerin. The calcium hydroxide paste was changed every 3 weeks for 6 months.
Master gutta percha points were then cemented in place with a calcium hydroxide based cement (Seal apex sealer). Lateral condensation with accessory gutta-percha points of the canal was done. The lingual access opening was sealed with resin reinforced glass ionomer cement.
At the 4-year recall appointment, after completion of orthodontic treatment, the tooth was symptom-free, all clinical findings were within normal limits and bone healing appeared to be improved.
| Discussions | | |
In the present case, the root canals were filled only after radiographic signs of bone healing, related to the apical and mesial aspect of the root. Because of its high pH (12.5), calcium hydroxide is an effective antibacterial agent, and has been reported to favorably influence the local environment at the resorption site, leading to healing. It has also been shown to change the environment in the dentin and hone to a more alkaline pH, which has been postulated to slow down the action of the resorptive cells and promote hard tissue formation and repair.
During endodontic therapy, the dentist must be prepared for unusual root canal anatomy, taking into account the importance of careful radiographic evaluation that may lead to identification of such abnormalities increasing the rate of success.
Some degree of confusion can occur over the classification of gemination and fusion. In fact, attempts to distinguish differences between the two anomalies have no clinical relevance. Although two individual canals may lead to diagnosis of fusion, the diagnosis of gemination can also be made, because there were no missing teeth. In addition, it is interesting to observe that in contrast to these anomalies, the crown of the tooth was almost normal in size, favoring the diagnosis of dens invaginatus. Nevertheless, cervical lingual groove (clinically) and invagination of enamel to the interior of the root (radio graphically) were not observed here. This tooth was diagnosed as gemination which might have had change in formation of Hertwig root sheath due to traumatic injury.[13]
| References | | |
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Correspondence Address:
Emmanuel
Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Maduravoyal, Chennai
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.42297
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| This article has been cited by | | 1 |
A rare case of persistent postendodontic symptomatic maxillary central incisor with aberrant canal configuration confirmed by cone-beam computer tomography and its nonsurgical management by retreatment |
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| Anirban Bhattacharyya, Gayatri Majumder, AsimBikash Maity, Soham Datta | | Journal of Conservative Dentistry. 2023; 26(3): 359 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | |
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